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.Vj From " The Daily t nion. % OT ECTIVR TAHIFFP—THAT OF 1812—AND £ HO M K FACTS CONNECTED WITH ITS J’AS- SAUK. . * • . . 11 vcsterdnv s paper we had occasion in sub mitting some general observations upon the subject of tho tarilf, very earnestly to i ivoke the attentive consideration of all to that interes tin'' and highly til inieiiious subject. A great n itioml t ipic it lias been for a long tvliile, and doomed, wo apprehend, to be attended with on inter -sung importance—unless, indeed, (ns we ardent] v hope) it shall be the felicitous fortune of Mr. i*<*lk and his supporters, at the approach ing session of Congress, to adjust, upon tin hon est and permanent basis, a tariff adapted to tho requisitions of an economical government, and inevitable, if you should not raise the duties on finally satisfactory to the moderated demands of ! imports above twen'y per cent.” Again : “ If n class never i/r.t otherwise than unreasonable, j we adjourn without passing any bill, what will unjust, and extortionate. In the Irghlful re membrance of perils escaped—perils which our that “the only alternative now presented to the Senate, is, whether we shall pass this hit, or leave the country in its present deplorable con dition ? Every substitute propos'd for the b 11 has failed; and it is morally impossible that any other measure can now he introduced in its stead, with the least hope of success. Tho fast hour <>l'the session is rapidly approaching; and wo must speedily resolve either to pass the present b.l 1 , or to do nothing.'' Again says lie, “If you adjourn without passing any bill, what will be the consequences? In tho first place, you will then continue, and most probably per petuate, the distribution of the proceeds of the pubi c Ian Is among the several States. This is und the great ends, which he was able aad ready to effect, when his life was cut short. The article referred to, gives us ns very dis tinct view of the moral principles, feelings, or culture of Mr. Legare. Something is wanting to the picture, in this repeci. Whether a light or a shade would be added, by a full and just delineation, wc are left in uncertainty, except i so far as we may rely on the warm attachment of bis pure-minded friend, Mr. Preston, who pronounced his eulogy. THE TELEGRAPH AAD KEPIIBL1C. Tuesday, November 4, 1845. legi-d ttion upon the subject nflh» tarifl had oc casioned — it should certainly he t!;n strong wish, uppermost in every patriotic heart, that lint fruitful them for national agitation and sec'ion- al compl lint should he. speed.ly, and, if possi ble, forever dismissed—dismissed, by compo sing, upon honest and patriotic principles, the long-continued quam*l upon the question of the protective policy. As we have recently inti- inated. the hope was formerly indulged that that very desirable consummation had been brought about, twelve years since; and there s -emcd to be a rational foundation for such a hope. It was at that time to have been exp'-ctod that he who had been crowned with the splendid merit of tranquilizing the country, would have had a proper concern for his historical reputation— bis posthumous honor—in preserving inviolate the great principles, at least, of a compromise proposed nod accomplished under c.rcumstauccs at onre critical, solemn, and imposing. Hut southern—shall we say national ?—anticipa tions with respect to the course of public men, it is to be deplored, remain unrealized; and now, at so distant a day from that when hope bad been auspiciously rekindled, we arc about to hear tho dread clangor of a tariff discussion repeated in halls of legislation, where, had the good genius of the republic, and the fidelity of great men, prevailed, no more woukl have been heard of in our tittle. But the inquiry is beginning to bo made, and, we suppose, will continue to be made—Who are responsible J who certainly’ should divide the responsibility which attended the adoption of a measure—the tariff of 1842—of which sucli bitter complaints arc uttered 1 Did not (it is alleged) members of the democratic party —distinguished chiefs of that parly, and, at the same time, illustrious ornaments of the Senate —did not they (Messrs. Buchanan and Wright) contribute the strength of their towering abili ties, and the ponderous weight of their approba tion—did not these gentlemen vote for the tariff of 1842?—and was it not thus, and by these means, that that nbhorrent measure was placed upon the statute-book 1 Wo have bad our cu riosity awakened up r m these matters,and, with in the last twenty-four hours, have reperuse 1 the singularly interesting discussions—the con eluding discussions upon tho tariff bill of 1842, In that debate we find facts disclosed, which though notorious—quite notorious, at the time —will yet bear very well to bo alluded to—nay, to be very distinctly repeated in this place, and at this present juncture. It may, then, bo again statcJ, and upon the verity of Hie congressional record—that never, in the history of legislative enactments, did two s atesmen, such ns Messrs. Wright and Buchanan, find themselves so re luctantly co-operating in sustaining, by their votes, a measure simultaneously resisted and denounce 1 in speeches of rare powet, delivered by these distinguished men. It was a most untowaid combination ofeir cumstanccs and difficulties created for theocca- sion—created, possibly, for the' very purpose which was accomplished—that threw tticscgen tlemen into the paradoxical position which they declared themselves, will) the deepest regret for that necessity, to have occupied. The strange crisis which coerced their votes for that bill (as an.V one will discover who shall look into the debate) was, shall the public treasury be re- p'enished ? and it must be replenished. Can any other bill bo passed ? And, with one ac cord, it was allowed that none other could.— Shall the distribution policy—witli which the tariff bill was, in one aspect, indissolubly united —shall that abominable expedient of ambition and corruption be countenanced—fixed forever ujion 4 lhc country ; or shall it bo defeated, by sus taining the bill of 1S427 This was another perplexing, distressing alternative, which the gentlemen in question deplored in pathetic and patriotic strains of eloquence, and with great plausibility of argument. Was that all? Cer tainly not. It was at the same time strongly questioned by some of tho profoundeat legal authorities in the land, whether, without the adoption of that, or some such bill, the imports could be legally collected. When, indeed, the duties were paid, emphatic protests were also presented, disavowing the obligation. This, then, was another most pregnant reason, con trolling the course of certain members of the Senate ; and it helped to command votes, when, all the wli le, in the hearts of those who gave them, a strong sentiment of opposition to the j measure thus supported was indulged, an.I openly expressed, in terms ofindignant earnest ness. We could, indeed, publish from the speeches referred to, the strongest remaiks (passim) evincing tho truth of that which it may bo considered supererogatory for us to have rotuarked upon at all, but which we have thought proper to stale, in order that those through vvnose formal (or rather forced) co-op- eratian a dreadful tariff was enacted, might be placed rectus in curia; and in order that the weight of so great an iufiucitco upon this great quo*dun should he properly directed and justly appreciated. For that purpose, and to that end., we think it proper to give some extracts from the speech ul Mr. Buchanan, and likewise some from that of Air. Wright, showing the pa'iiful urgency which pressed them to the cx- t remit v of sustaining the tariff of IS 12. It wall be recollected, that repeated efforts had been previously made to pass a b II less exceptionable than that which finally succeeded. All these efforts had proved abortive. It w s when tbc session of Congress was drawing not only to its close, but when it was rapidly brea thing in the last moments of its existence, that this; stupendously fraudulent tariff bill, with till the artifices ojuJ deceptions of minimum and specific duties contained therein, was pressed, and awitcd with mqvirulleleii importunity, upon the national legislature. Such w.is the tune, such wore the circumstances, under which this hill was pressed and urued. Cm it bn belie ved—will it now lie credited—that, under dif- fweut circumstance-*, with more t>mo for delib eration, and nn exigency less exacting, such an •out and outrageous tarifl - law os that of 1842 Would have commanded the deliberate niipru- 4»ti»n of the Congress of tho United Stales !— We think not. Mr. Hiiciinnan, in tho exorJium of his speech delivered upon the passage of the bill, declared be the condition in which wc shall leave tl ! treasury of our country? Why, sir, many of J the lawyers throughout the Union, as well as a ' large majority in both bouses of Congress, hold tho opinion that there is now no law in exis tence, under which any revenue can lie collect ed.h But, hear him again: “ I admit, most cheerfully, that the hill is extravagant in the protection which it affords; and, in some in stances, prohibitory. It is a bill of which I do not approve, and for which I would not vote, were it not for the present unparalleled condi tion of the existing law, the treasury, and the country. I had earnestly hoped that it might be modified and amended by the Senate in such a manner as to render it more acceptable; but in this I have been disappointed.” But bo again, with deeper emphasis, decla red : “I shall accept this (the bill) now, as much the least of two evils; and look with hope to better times for an adjustment of the tariff on a scale more consonant with all the great and va rious interests of the Union without sections.” That we consider the hope of o patriot—tho prognostic of a statesman who looks to the uni versal welfare. But what said Mr. Wright? He, too, de clared that “Tho alternative pn seated then, is, tliis hill or none.” And his conviction was that tho bill should pass, “had and loaded with de fects, as he believed ii to be.” lie declared that “he had entertained deep feelings against the policy of distribution in any form, or for any purpose; audit certainly was a powerful and leading inducement to vote for this bill, that its effect was to be, to arrest, and be hoped to eradicate, and forever, that policy.” Again said that gentleman, “Grave questions have been made here, as well as elsewhere, whether wc have in fact any revenue laws in force, and whether tiny duties upon imports Can be lawfully demanded and collected; and legal gentlemen of the highest distinction, both in and out of Congress, have pronounced de liberate opinions against the validity of our whole collection laws.” Further, snfd Mr. Wright, “Defective as lie had admitted this bill to be, lie bad used his utmost efforts, with his other friends, to improve itand “yet many and most important amendments had been re jected by the deliberate votes of this body.”— Aguin: “Now, for tho fir.-t time, a measure is presented, which rot only does not aid distri bution, but positively puts an end to it.*’ We have not yet turned to the speech of Mr. W. C. Rives; but, if our recollection serves us, that gentleman declared the bill of 1S12 to be as bad or worse than that of 1828 The conclusion to which wc arrive—the in evitable conclusion—is, that the biil of 1S12 never would have been sanctioned, could those or somu of those whose names are recorded in its support, have acted with that unlrameilcd liberty and freedom of judgment, so desirable in American legislation. And the great ques tion is, can a bill, passed in such desperate cir cumstances, at the heels of an expiling session so loaded with minimutns, specific duties, and other outrageous defects—sa vehemently pro tested against by some of the most distinguished senators who voted for it—can such an act stand as the permanent will of a free, great, and enlightened people ? THE LATE HUGH S. LEGARE. In alluding to the biographical sketch of this distinguished statesman in the last num ber of the American Review, the editor of the Portland (Maine) Advertiser says: We deem it scarcely less ban a duty to call attention to the biographical sketch in the Inst number of the American review of the late Mr. Legare. It is well enough known that he was once a member to Congress, and that he at- tabled the distinction of being Attorney Gener al of the United States, as well as that of a tem porary appointment to the office of Secretary of State, but the specific traits of his character and the singular personal attainments which distinguished him, whether in office, nr as a private man, from the great majority of those who have held similar stations, arc not gener ally known. Others have been distinguished as lawyers— other public men have had a reputation as gen- ral scholars ; but Mr. Legare had enjoyed singularly favorable opporiuuilies for profes sional and literary acquisitions, and apparent ly, we may say of him, that there was noth ing which he might have learnt, for the great aims of his life, which lie did not learn. Very few examples can be cited, where so excellent opportunities were so excellently improved. It docs not appear that Mr. Legare ever wanted any tiling, in the way of means and facilities for study, nor that he ever failed to make the most of the means lie had. Of course then, he was one of the most leirncd and accomplished men ot Iiis age, and, especially among Ameri can lawyers, few will be found worthy to stand by his side, in any comparison of general at tainment, or of enlarged and varied profession al culture. We speak, of courge, under the limitation of his age, for he died, long before he had developed the full vigor and capacity of that period, which is c died the meridian of life. His genius appears to have been nncommoi- ly great. This was one po ut—a gift of nature. In the next place, he loved study and studious labor. Tliis, in great part, also, was a result of temperament, but in part, without doubt, n fruit of principle, and manly ambition. Jn the way of opportunity, lie had everything. This was the g It of loriuiic, and his mcril was, that he did not throw his opportunities away. He does not appear ever to have felt any pressure of necessity, in the ordinary sense, and hence we cannot admire his example with the same warmth of regard that contracts us to those, who seek a learned lame through the conflict and pressure of difficulties. But amid the ten thousand examples of those who have dissipa ted the powers of good genius, or who have been sluggards amid golden opportunities, we cannot deny a noble merit to tnis worthy cul tivation of the gifts of providence. In this view, Mr. Legare’s resplendent example is in- j structivo and agreeable, and it may be even en- I couraging to those, who are beset with the dT- ficulties of a less fortunate birth. At any role, let ail admire, as a specimen of human capabil ity, the achievements which he accomplished, Central Kail Hoad Convention. A meeting of the stockholders of the Central Rail Road was held in this city on Thursday last. The meeting was organized by the ap- pointmcnt of Joseph Day. Esq. Chairman, and Charles Cotton, Esq. Secretary. The per sonal attendance of Stockholders was not large; and the stock represented was smaller than was anticipated. The Piesident of the Company submitted a report setting forth the views uf the Board in reference to a proposed communication with the Chattahoochee river, either at Columbusor some other point. Two routes were considered, the one connecting Macon with Columbus by a road from the Montoe Road at Barnesville, the other commencing at or near the Central Rail Road Depot at this place, traversing the coun ties of Houston, Macon, and Marion, and stri king tho Chattahoochee at Columbus. This latter route, and which is designated the lower route, appears to be the one most favored by the President and Directors—although we are induced to believe, that the meeting did not •concur with them. We aro satisfied that such a line of road would not be preferred by our citizens generally. But while the Board rec ommend the lower line as the best communica tion for the interests concerned, they consider it “unwise and hazardous” to embark the compa ny in the enterprize. The plan which they rec ommend as one of prudence, is substantially as follows: To obtain of the Legislature au amendment of their charter, giving the right to extend the road to Columbus: To authorize a new subscription of a million of dol'ars for that specific purpose: The new stock to be subscribed for to be kept separate and distinct; and the instalments as received, to be applied exclusively to the con struction and equipment of the new line of road: When tho road is completed, the two compa nies to be consolidated and to constitute one common fund: After the report was read, a resolution was adopted, requesting the President and Board of Directors to act as a committee to procure the amendment of tiie charter as suggested. A resolution was also passed, asking for the interposition of the Hoard of Directors, to ob tain from the Post Office Department a Sunday mail. The above constitute the substance of the proceedings of the meeting: we have not been furnished with an official copy of al their acts and doings, but we have given all that was transacted, that was of general inter est. The amended charter may be obtained; but we doubt whether it will; at least for some time to come, be jnade available. do not graduate their principles to the arbitrary standard of private and sectional interest, we trust that every democrat will join us in sub scribing to the truth and justice of his argu ment. For ourselves we hold the views ex pressed by Mr. McDuffie, as worthy of all ac ceptation, and trust in God that they may take the force ond effect of'law before the close of the next session of Congress. Bank Bobbery, The Banking House of the Merchants Bank of this city was entered on Saturday night, and some five or six hundred dollars in Bills extrac ted from its va ults. The entrance was made through the floor of the building, and the vault forced by removing the Brick upon which it rested. Two coloured men who had been employed in making some repairs upon the “Let no democrat shrink from the expression i office are suspected, and are now in custody, of his opinion upon this subject, from the fear of consequences prejudicial to our hopes next January. To nothing under heaven but the moral influence of our political principles are we indebted for the series of successes which, with hardly an intermission, have attended our footsteps since the overthrow of the younger Adams. Principles carried us in triumph through the fierce ordeal of the last Presiden tial contest; and principles are our only de pendence in the important contest to take place in tliis State, ere tho labor of erecting a new State government maybe said to be completed. Our hopes of success hereafter must rest upon the same basis, or they will never be realized. No reasoning can be weaker than that which would lead to the supposition that we have any thing to fear from our principles. They are thd only elements of our strength. Preach them, then, from the house tops, from the cor ners of the streets, without qualification or re servation. They are tho ark of our political safety, and he who deserts them is lost.” and we have no doubt but the money will be recovered. Memphis Convention. The Governor of the State of South Caro lina has appointed the Hon. John C. Calhoun, and Hon. F. H. Elmore, delegates on the part of that State to the Convention at Memphis. United States Court. Tho Fall Term of the Gth Circuit Court of the United States, for the District of Georgia, will commence its session at Milledgeville, on Thursday next. We understand that several important cases will come up at the present session of the Court, among them the case of Henry Shultz vs. Bank Slate of Georgia. Boston Flour Trade. We take the following from the Baltimore American : During the year ending 1st September, 1845, the quantity of wheat Flour imported into Bos. ton, from the several places iiere enumerated, was as follows: From New York, 192,000 bbls.; from Albany* 504*583 bbls.; Western Railroads, 143,450J bbls.; from Now Orleans, 74,504 bbls.; from Fredericksburg, 37,833 bbls.; from George town, 17,537 bbls.; from Alexandria, 32,444 bbls.; from Richmond, 15,705 bbls.; from other ports in Virginia,, 7,324 bbls.; from Philadel phia, 16,106 bbls.; from Hartford, 295 bbls. A table published in the New York Herald, shows that the receipts of Flour have been as follows at the ports named: those who now in life, who remember thatuT* labor is not purely selfish, but blenled • their country’s good, or with happiness t 0 ik" 11 who are to succeed them. lhos e The manly form of the warrior chief ^ i deeds in our glorious revolution, proclaim*!? 0 the saviour of the South, lias mingle,] ff ; l . kindred dust—the eloquent tongue of the fy 1 vine, who attracted by his purity and truth, crowds, in our day, to the lofty ry, is now mute, and the soul of the orat Ct L 8 ' fled to brighter worlds—the eye of him »[ • his mind combined the foresight ofthe'| e °' a Boston. New York. New Orleans. 2S35, 408,469 1,154,613 287,332 18116, 418.597 1,133,554 253,500 1837, 423,246 904.488 320,208 1838, 379.704 1,163,871 434.964 1839, 451.667 969,567 482.023 1S-PI, 619.361 1,863 313 496,194 1841, 574,233 1.154,700 439.688 1812, 600,460 1,457.030 521,175 1843, 610.964 1,612,921 502,507 1844, 689,200 1,581,137 533,312 Proceedings of the Legislature, We have made arrangements to have a brief synopsis of the proceedings of the Legislature prepared each week for the Telegraph. The report will include the business of each week ending on Saturday evening by which we shall be enabled to keop our readers as well advised oflho proceedings of that body as any of the Journals at the Capitol. The Crop of Texas. The Galveston News of the 18ih ult. states that the cotton crop of Texas will prove to be quite as good as it was last year, perhaps bet ter; at least the total export will probably ex ceed what it ever was before. In some parts of the country the drought lias cutshort the crop but only to a limited extent. On the other hund many new plantations buve been opened, and old oues considerably enlarged. Of tho receipts'of Flour at Boston in 1842, 140,739 bbls. were received from the city of New York; in 1843, 1,119,671 bbls , and in 1844, 189,020 bbls. or about one-fourth part of the aggregate receipts. In 1842, 87,853 bbls. of Flour were received from Albany bv the Western Railroad; in 1S43, 111,595 bbls,; and n 1844, 151,721 bbls. Cotton Ci op of the United States. Thu Cotton Crop just sent to market is the largest ever known, being 2,394,503 bales—a little larger than that of 1842-43, and 200,000 bales larger than the great crop of 1839-40.— The following table gives the whole growth of < Cotton in the United States for the last 17 years: Oglethorpe University. Tho Milledgeville Recorder of the 2Sth mat., says—Wc invite public attention to the annu al Commencement of this institution, which takes place on Wednesday, the- 12th of next month. 0 lie commencement Sermon will be delivered on the Saboath before. The Trustees will meet on Monday after noon. On Tuesday the Junior Exhibition takes place. On Wednesday the Orations of the gradua ting class ; and on that and the subsequent day, the various anniversary orations will be pronounced. "We promise ourselves, and we think we may safely promise the friends of education, and all who may attend, a literary festival of no common order. The prospects of tliis in stitution are brighter than they have ever been, and wc anticipate for the next year, under its increased and very ablu faculty, and the inval- uable additional facilities for leaning, in con templation, as many students to reap its advan tages, ns its friends desire it to have. Tennessee U. S. Senator. The Legislature of Tennessee had nine un successful btllotings on the 21st ult. for u U. S. Senator, when an adjournment took place until the following day. Mr. Nicholson, editor of the Nashville Union, and formerly U. S. Sena tor, received 40 voies—the next highest was Mr. Bell, who received 36. Several other can didates were,voted fir. The balloting was re sumed on the 22d again with the following re sult: 1st ballot—For Mr. Turney 12; for Mr^ Nicholson 10; for Mr. Dunlap 7; for Mr. Bell 36. 2d ballot—For Mr. Turney 11; for Mr. Nicholson 39; for Mr. Bell 26; G. A. Henry 5: Milton Browne 2; J. C. Jones 2’; W. 11- Haskell 1. On the ninth ballot Mr. Turney had made concessions to the Whigs for the purpose of se curing their support. Resolutions were intro duced appointing a committee to investigate the charge. Years. 182S-29 1829- 30 1830- 31 1S31-32 1832-33 1S33-34 1834- 35. 1835- 30 1830-37 1837-3S 1S38-39 1839- 40 1840- 41 1841- 42 1842- 43 1813-44 1844-45 Total bales. 870,415 . 076,854 1,608,847 987,477 1,070,438 1,201,394 1,254,323 1,361,628 1,422,968 1,801,497 1,300 532 2.177.SS5 1,634 945 1.6S4,2ll 2.37S.S75 2.030.409 2,394,503. Kail l£»uds In France.. The editor of the New York Courier des Etats Unis, wiiting from Paris, stales that (he first instalment on live new railway schemes in France, recently paid in, amounted to about SS6,000,000. The Tennessee Tote—Official. The official canvass of the vote for Gover nor in Tennessee, in August last, presents the following result: For Aaron V. Brown, Dem. 58,268 votes. “ Ephraim H. Foster, Whig, 56,646 “ Majority for Brown, 1,624 Ti e following is a poriio i of the comments of the New Orleans Jeffersonian Republican, on Mr. McDuffie’s late letter upon the Tariff. They breathe the right spirit and wc wish we could believe that such opinions prevailed more generally among the republicans of the country. I We regret to learn from the instpiumber of the ! Republican, that its late talented and efficient editor, J. F. II. Claiborne, Esq., has withdrawn ! from that journal. His phec cannot be filled. His loss will be felt, not only by our friends in Lou sinna, but by the Republicans throughout the Union. “The iniquities of the existing tariff are ex posed in this letter with the hand of a master, and the gross deformities of which it is made up arc painted ou 1 , compared and descanted upon with inimitable skill. The immense a- mouni of fraud of which it is the cause, is shown, and those who foster a policy so repug nant to justice and subversive of equal rights, ure denounced in terms of scorching severity. “Away with all prudential suggestions which would make us avoid the consideration of this subject at this time, and prevent us, not only from avowing the opinions we hold regarding it, but from promulgating them to the extent of our ability. Although an important interest of this Stale may consider itself assailed by the letter of Mr. McDuffie—although it should put in motion its powerful influence against all who Monroe Knil Road, W e are gratified to learn that the purchasers of the Monroe Rail Road, after a careful inves tigation of its condition and prospects, have made arrangements to enter upon the vigorous prosecution of the work to completion at once. By an advertisement in our columns to-day, it will be seen that tho entire line of the road from this place to its intersection with the State Road in DeKalb county will be relaid and put in a condition equal to that of the best roads in the country. The repairs and equipments of the road will be under the direction of Mr. D. Ty ler, who has been connected with several of the most important Rail Road cnlerprizes in the Northern States, and is one of the best engineers in the country. In the commercial race between this city and some of her rival sisters—— when every effort lias been put in requisition to diveit the leeiti- male trade which belongs to her to other points, our citizens cannot appreciate too highly tho indefatigable and enlightened enterprize of our esteemed fellow-townsmen, Mr. Jerry Cowles, an I a few other gentlemen to whose exertions alone they are indebted for the advan tages which the present condition of the road promises them under the new arrangement which has been effected. Our position is such from tho schemes of improvement which are already shooting across the State from other points, that we are in no situation to give any advantages; and we trust that every citizeu who feels that lie is identified with tho fortunes of Macon will feel it his duty to co-operate in ev ery way in furthering the views of this compa ny. We will extend our remarks upon this subject in our next. From the Savannah Georgian. Do good in your day and generation. This isan axiom which should be implanted in the bosom of a l the race of Adam- The farmer, who to-day sows in the earth the seed which he trusts will in due time return to him his barns well stocked, and abundance tor bis wants, sows not that seed for himself alone. Fulfilling a divine injunction—In the sweat of thy brow shalt thou eat thy bread—he may nevertheless never partake of the fruit oFliis industry, fur that decay essential for the germination of the seed planted by his labor, is inscribed upon ev ery thing human, and the hand that planted, and the eye that watched its springing into at mospheric bfe, may in one brief h-rnr lie closed in the embrace of death, previous to that matu rity which gladdens, the heart of the Imsband- tuan. But has lie toiled for nothing? No I For He lias left friends dearer to him than. life, who derive a benefit from his foresight in pr e . paring for another year of earthly existence. I hough he liuth fallen before a telontless decroe, the seed itself doth, not perish, for an eye that never slumbers watches over its ' growth,. 4 be harvest is no longer the pleasure of his heart,, but it gladdens perhaps the hearts of his children. His form may be missed in the field of ins earlhly toil, but his name endures in the memory of those who are fed and cloth- eJ by his prudent prescience. 4 lie young- and tender oak of the forest which has been transplanted by those we have loved to the rural walks which our feet :n child hood and in maturerage, have trodden with de light, is now a mighty tree under whose brandi es we love to linger, and to recall to memory those voices which once made the grove vocal with affection. a The orator who from the sacred desk incul cates the doctrines of life anti immortality, may,'like the dew of the morning, vanish from our sight, but the seed he has scattered hath ta ken loot in the heart, and fructifies, some day or other, though the sower is no longer among earthly men. “ So will it be, or should it be with the Legis- lator, who, entering upon his duty with a proper feeling ol responsibility, listens to no svren voice of ambition, which in honied accents would lure him front his duly, but with a single eye to the interests of Ills Country, originates and perfects those laws, which, while they ben efit the aresent, will transmit his name to fu ture generations as the wise and considerate statesman. So should it be with all who now on the bu sy theatre of life, press forward in all its bus tling scenes, with tho energy of men determin- ed to do good in their day aud generation. On such does the responsibility rest of exhibit, ing to posterity the results of their labors. Ex amples abound in our Country’s annals to point out their duty as American citizens, and the sod which presses in our own cemetery upon many a manly bosom, once glowing with tho feelings of patriotism, will rest lighter upon tor, the learning of the civilian, the pat'y’'’** of the citizen soldier, and the energy 0 f , public citizen, is deprived of life’s jc, Vo ] tre—but ore the virtues of a Greene, a*Koll T or aGordon, effaced from our memories? ’ No, they will live while patriotism j s a > . red, piety revered, or manly virtues app^' These are our own, our cherished (e ac f, in the lessons of patriotism, exalted ethics' ^ enlightened public enterprise. 1 a Shall their efforts be useless—their e^Vt worth, their pure precepts and their manlyV? ticc be lost to those around us. Lot us on the mausoleum, reared with gralepjl to the memory of the one—the sacred edifi/ the consecrated tomb of another—and the C *' tral Rail Road, l.lie extended monumeni of •£ third, and then vow that we shall not live f' ourselves alone ; that selfish aspirations sin] not be the only incitement to action, but our beautiful city, our noble State, shall be: all our thoughts, and r their social and polif^j 1 advancement be the incentives of our |]L while (lie current of life courses inourve®.' From the Augusta ConstUuttonaliu. The Democratic papers are unanimousjj condemning and denouncing the course of v Charleston Mercury. Yet we think it noiv trr magnanimous for so many to chime in and j. sail so unsparingly a paper thus stand in "01*. and to inflict blows that diey knowcannotk separately retorted by reason of their p e . t number. The Mercury has its own indent I dent views, and chooses to express them ini; I penderitly. It has always borne a high dar I acter for speaking out its honest opinions We were among the first to protest against a J doubts and misgivings of the administrate I But the virulence of the universal assaults» I on it, 1ms suggested a doubt with us of the» f licy of the attempts to drown by clamour iI voice which is raised in so good a cause. I-, f the cause of free trade, free trade as dsfr. guished from vexatious commercial restrictia j a revenue tariff for protection. The zeal uil fidelity of the Mercury on this subject, ait»| questionable. Much may then be allowedkI an anxiety and apprehension which tbc nvl odds to becontended against, are apt to Lr;J We all know how powerful are tli ■ and political interests banded together toil feat all reasonable modifications of the TsriI We have seen what these iniercs's h*| achieved over light, reason and justice; all there may be too sanguine a re] a nee power of the administration tobrcakil ' | outrageous system of monopoly, wliicli k| made the legislation of this great country tr J tary to its designs. The battle has yet to be fought in Cobjb and the lessons of the past, m iy well insjxn:j cautious man vvitli apprehension. Wie yet find that the Mercury was a Prnplut jil not a mere croaker, and it will be no co'i.J" tion to reflect up"ii the luvishness ofourcrcj lit v after the mischief is done. Wc have never understood the Mere:" j charge the President with duplicity on the - I je cl, but simply to express the belief tin surrounded and trammelled bv tariff ces, that he could not break through, horn anxious to. do so, and that the tar-If party i. yet triumph over the best wishes of the Sr the administration, and the long dof-mdr of the south. If the Mercury should Ii:; find itself mistaken, we aie sure, sooner acknowledge the errm, or rejoicei more in the result. Perhaps the coolest piece of imp: which has been the fruit ofthe recent i is the position assumed by the whigs, tb.ri democratic majority will not dare to opp r j election of United States Senator al t y | pronching session. They protested that the late election-' J more to do with, national politics, nr Judgd l ien’s pretensions than with the Chinese »- Now they say that this was one of tlie-■ and that Judge Berrien’s claims have beesp ed upon. Weir, we contend that the people of - gia have sent a majority to the Senate eft”' gia, wiio are bound to declare, and mil - that neither Judge Benien,*no» any od** calling himself a whig, can represent thep of Georgia in the United States Senate- 4'o defeat an election, the democrats -' have to resort to the coutse pursued by Ay J. Miller, and the other whig Senaton i‘ Legislature of 1840. Tliev turned cq marched in a body, out of the Senate c ' :: 1 to defeat) the motion of Mr. Echols. Th a motion to lay the resolution of Mr. C ! go into an election of Senator, on the" the balance of the session. The mo' 0 '” have been carried, but for the withdraw: Miller and his patriotic law-abiding Ct ” Tho democrats will be driven to nO' .J tremity. They will only have to in their places, and vote down every rr * which may be offered, to go into an ck-* This they will undoubtedly do, and 11 j date whom the whigs can offer from fj’ ' . will be sufficiently enticing to tempt the their position. In 1847 under the new apportion 1 **j gislature will send a Senator who will ’ present the people of Georgia in t“ e councils. —Ibid. Atmospheric Railway-— f Croydon lAne.—Experiments interesting principle, which bids ft- turn nil our jwe-conceivcd id® 85 ” n travelling, were made last week,in * 15 ^ of Mr. Wilkinson, ehainaan of t and several of the directors. Mr- before, directed the proceeding 8 - )k . . there were five carriages attached to ■ • I O , . 'b 1 carriage, the aggregate wt-igm- u ^ A probablyi thirty tons. The first • ■ 4 was from Croydon to the £>;irtm° u " | but, from some m. : suuderstaiid‘ n S S3 , , one of die stationary engines "' as nC ", into action ; and the vacuum , , tube was, in consequence, imp er!e j3 j oped. The speed attained, howm^ equal to that usunlly adopted m ofthe locomotive lines, being o n 30 miles an hour. On the return jifi sjK-ed was attained, the baromftc- . indicating above 21 inches, or ■ niospheric pressure on the fguare ^ piston. 'I here was no stojpmir “ intermediate stations, and V e ‘ ,a ^ r i« tunity of judging of the sp 6 ® :m obtained. The distancr of 5 03 the a