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THE GEORGIA AND REPIBLIC. olive It II. Pit IKE E. NE>V -PUBLISHED nEEKLY- Editor A Proprietor. JIES—VOL. II. NO. 7. MACON. TUESDAY MORNING, NOVEMBER 11, 1845. W HOLE NUMBER 996. rn2XiNJ -f^ & ^.3 :i‘X723AiIO» H pBDLlSHMD EVERY TUESDAY MORNING by O. II. PRINCE, VT THREE DOLLARS PER ANNUM. Jy\r ,1R I ,L U L Y /N A D VANCE ADVERTISEMENTS lire inserted ai §1 ©t> per jjoirt for the first. inaurti >u, and SO ccm. pet square lor deduction will be made to those who adver- *"rr N tl, «. yC S n * r ie» <jf LANDS, by Administrators. Esecn- rVor OuarJians. nro required by taw, to be held on the III.,’ Tuesday >'» ‘be month, between the hours of ten in the , Venoon. and three in the afternoon, at the Court house, in III*miintv in which the land is situated. Notice of these be given it, a public gazette SIXTY DAYS P re- lious to the day of sals. Sties of NEGROES must be made at n public auction ,i ie Tuesday o'the momh. between the usual lours J? u ei the place of public sales in the county where the J,,.,.!''„f testamentary, of Administration or iluordianshtp, n"t have been gran til. firsl eiring SIXTY DAYS notice thereof.in oneoTlhe public gazette* of tins Msie and attho .taEroftha Court house, where such sale., are to be held. Wntlee for the sale cf Personal Property must be greet. in like manner. FORTY days previous to ibeday of sale. N.Mdse to the Debtor* and Creditors of an estate must be h ' m "' ic T he .linaw for leave to aell LAND, must be publ.shed for ^WoOee for "Tea veto sell NEGROES must be published «r FOUR MONTHS, before any order absolute shall be made thereon by the Court. CttATiovs for letters of Administration, must he publish- l thirty ilfift—»forHi*Wii*»ion from adtnSnfatration, month- ty six msalki—for dismisd.m from Guardianship, forty iu’l.us for the foreclosure of Mortgage must be published manikin for four for establishing lost papers, for tie fi" space of three. moMha—for compelling .itles from Eseratnrs or-Administrator*, where a Bond hns been given bv the deceased, the foil nv-tce of three mouth*. 'Publications will always lie condoned accordingto these, the legal requirementa.unless otherwise orderetj. ( t. REMITTANCES BY MAIL.— -A postmaster may en- elnse money in a lelie-r to tho publisher of a newspaper, to pay the subscription of* third person and fraqk the letter if written by himself."— Amos Aclid ntt, I*. AI. (*. POETRY. maz% mmuLVf Fns&ionnblo Ditsh illnkiug Kslsblithmnit. UnlUrry Street, aver John /.. June*’ Store. Orde-sfor DRESSES, HIDING HABITS. ct. &c. exe- cute.i in the latest and most fashionable style, and at foe ahnrtest notice. ' ■ ■ J. L. JONES Sc CO. CLOTH ING S T © It E . Well side MulUrry Street, next dooriclotc the Big Hat siAConr. THE GEORGIAN CAPTIVE. BY THOMAS IIOLLY CH1TXRS, M. D. [The following poem is intended to represent the won, derful resignation of a beautiful Virgin cd' Georgia, who- rather than submit to be taken to Constantinople by tho Turks, died by her own hands.] I cannot leave the vine Whereon the purpling clusters oft have hung, Nor suffer ibis fond heart of mine To bear the burden of the slave so young I And still it would nst gjieve tne to depart. But for these yearnings of my breaking heart! And then you know, yon sky Belie hi that promise to my mother given; Anil now Jeiusia cannot lie; For then her spirit would come down from Heaven, And here remind me of that sacred row Which promised to be like that sky is now ! Oh ! God! that it must be— That this p"i>r, broken hearted thing must go, And never more return to see The clear young flowers that she has tended so ; And leave her parents where the y oung grass wares, In such wild beauty over their sweet graves J Tbo bird that leaves her nest To scan the azure fields of Heaven, is free ; Ami finds wherever she may rest, A happy home—hut there is none for me ! Isectwnlitile starlights in the sky, And tkey shall be the lar.-.ps to lead me by! How hard it it t» be Si fatherless, owav from my dear home, Wl.ere, with the music of the sea, The fragrance of the south winds used to come! Lord! strengthen me from out the mighty Past, To yield my sou! unsullied to the last! Let net the mighty soul. The only living thing that cannot die. Be fettered, while the thunders roll To tell its freedom to the stais on high ; But on the wings of Death rose forth to Thee. And show the world how Virtue can be free 1 W3I. HEARING * SDNS, COMMISSR>N MERCIIANTS, CHARLESTON, S. C. September 2,1645. 49 6m MEDICAL NOTICE. TVR-T. a. PARSONS has returned to the city,and has jJI resumed the duties of his profession. Office at bis dwelling, brick house, two doors above the Meltiodis Church Jan, 21, IB45. fiSEIUOVA St. f~>U. IISI.T lias removed talks residence recently 1 9 occupied by B. H. MoOltiuk, where he maybe found at night; and in the day, al his office over Mess's Wmship A Pope's store. Macon, April 16. 32 tf WINFREY Kj. SHOOK LEY, ATTORNEY AT LAW, Will practice in the following Counties : UPSON, HOUSTON, PIKE. BIBB, moniigs, Baldwin, BETTS. JONES, CRAWFORD. TWIGGS, All business entrusted to his cure will ineel with prompt attention. Office in Dr. Thomson's building.opposite Floyd llmse. Macon, Gemgia. May 5,1645. 34 If FLOYD HOUSE. MACON, GA. Till' Subscriber, in announcing to bis friends nnd the public, by whim, he has been an libera lly patronised, his rnniimiancc of the j I above Establishment, bees leave to assure them of his determination to sustain the well established reputation of his house. Instead of a falling off there shall hj a progressive improvement; and if n liberal outlay, a well furnished table, with every delicacy this and other markets can supply; clean beds, cooifonnhie rooms, sttrnlive servants, and the will to please .ir.d accommodate will merit patronage, he expects la obtain it. B. 8; NEWCOMB- Oft. 7, 1645. 2—if. Federal Union please copy. ~ WASSHIIGTOY El ALL., MAC ON, C A. rjlHE undersigned have bnught nut the in- 9. tercst of Mr. St. LaSIKK in this well known establishment, and design making it worthy of the liberal patronage it has hereto- , lore obtained from the public. Every exer tion will be made to make the sojourn of eitlter the perma nent or transient otmrder pleasant and agreeable. The sleeping apartments are comfortable and commodious, nnd fitted np with neat anil clean furniture. The tables wifi be famished with every luxury oar own- market, ami those of Savannah can supply rand no efforts spared to make the bouse deserving of public pstronr-ge. MUTT & NEWCOMB. October?, 1845. , S—tf ^VipHF. nr . sfvll lirc-P: ♦. the heed of ;' 1 ^4 services to 1 Hew Fireproof* Ware-House. MACON, GEORG I A. rjnilE nnder»ii?tted nnving erected n 1 * • Proof Wate {loose, situated at of C"tmu Avenue* lender* his _ _ ..ervices to his friends and the public gen* crflilv for the stom^e COTTON nnd MlillJII \XD13E, and the tr«Psa«rtion of Gommii G0I1 Hnsiness in til its branches, pledging bimaalf to nro every exertion to promote tbeiateres s of, and render satisfacliun to, those who may confide huiiuess to his charge. The storage ami sale of Cnttcii will be under the direc tion and control of Mr. John Jones, who has long been known in the Ware-Ht>n*e business, and will give particu lar attention to the sale of Cotton nnd the filling of order* for goods. Liberal advances will be made on Cotton in Store or to be shipped. bagging, rope, and twine, together with any other articles, will be furnished cuslo mers at the lowest tnnt ket price. N. IS. Storage and Commissi ilia atcuarotnary rates. . Ua# i8—yj—tf Jerry COWLE9. WILLIAM T. WILSON, WARE HOUSE V COMMISSION MERCHANT Macon, Gkohoia. THE undersigned haring rented the Warc-IIoust- recently occupied bv J. B. ROSS,jneariynpp<>aitoMr.J. M. Field’s Ware-House.) i» prepared to receive Cot- Store. His personal attention will be A 1 orders promptly attended to. e. U e solicit* the :.s will be in ide rm Cotton in Slot ! of his ftien is and me public. Very Uespectfullv, W. T. WILSON. Macon. October 14,1S45. 3 tf SCOTT, CAUI3 HIT Ai Co. MERCHANTS AND FACTORS, CONTI NI I', to kerpon hand their nsu* ai mock of Groceries Ac., which they will sell at the lowest market prices. Advances made on Cciton or Mcrclian- tllsc mnshur It tlicin On the fir^tof Ociober iiext*iliev will remove to the Fiie l*roof Brick Si<>r« on Third Street, between Graves* Wood Si Co., ini'l Rea Sc Cottons’* Miii'iin. Aui: , i:a t T* 1 **»"•. *17 3m BENNETT BELL, MARE UOL’SK AND CO.OISSIO.Y MRCU1XT, EAST MACON, Oppoaitrlbt' (Irutrnl Itiail Komi I)r; ol. the Store and Wnrc- cupied by Henry K ctlnlly lender his sec- ind Olliers and will le receivingof Cotton I’VE BEEN IN LOVE, ntr takk bisj.xui. I’ve been in love some sixty times. And always thought the newest fairest; I've strung at least a million rhymes, Though not to forms like that thou wcarcst. Some have beeu short and Others tall. Some have been plump and others slender; But slim or dumpy, large or small. To thine their brightest charms snrrcnder. T-tine is the shape I've seen in dreams. Yet never met a: evening parties. Like real flesh and blood it seems, Mixed with celestial, tike Astarte's. There's nothing of the sylph or gnome Exactly in thy form'* expansion, But it would deck the humblest home And beautify the proudest mansion. To flirt with for a month or year. One might select a different figure. Less sixe, less heart, of course leas dear, With rather less of heal'•> or vigor. But for n friend—je gods! a wife. To Jive for. fight for, love forever, T never saw, in all my life, Ono near so perfect—never, never 1 I am in earnest—so, don't langh. Thou precious, merry, darling creature! I’d rather see thy smiles by half Irradiate each winsome feature, Tlinu all the splendid tights that Night Reveals beneath her starry glories. Or, steeped in day’s most lorely light. The scenes of old heroic stories. With thee companioned, one might go Content through life’s low vale of sorrow. Ana, blessed at present, care to know But little of tho dim to morrow. Yet fare thee v.eli ! 'tis vain for mo To conjure up joy’s glowing vision; My last thought is a sigh for thee. And thine a smile of sweet derision. , .omplly attend to the rec »n<l Merchandize entrusted 10 his care. Also will give Ills personal utleniion to selling Co-'- other produce, tilting ordc rs fa:- g „,U. and shipping C to Savannah, Charleston, trNcw York. loping his best exertion., will give satisfaction to all rosy favorhim with their busin»ss Macon, August 12, let.',. in or vko 46 if WIRT vs. TANEY. The following extract is from a well written sketch ol the li.o of William Wirt, by F. W. Thomas, Esq., published in the N. Y. Broad way Journal: For a long litnc Mr. Wirt’s chief oppo nent ai the Baltimore bar, was Mr. Taney, tho present chief justice of tho United Stales. Mr. 1 uiicy rom ,ved from Baltimore to Frederic, on the dcaili of Mr. P.nrkney.and there Mr Wirt & himself werethe great forensic rivals. No two men of the same profession could bo more dif- fere:R in their intellectual endowments than wore these gentlemen. They’ were as umike in these regards as they were in their personal appearance. Mr. Taney was very thin. He stooped, and it is voice was weak ; and such wiis tho precarious condition of bis health, that lie had to station him*elf immediately before .0 d n artlic jt ry, to make himself heard by them. Mr. Wot always placed himselfm front of the trial table, opposite tho jury, in oriton- c. il position. Mr. '1 aney’s manner of speaking was slow and /Tm—never using iho lejst rhet orical ornament ; but pressing into the heart of tlic case, will) powerful arguments, like agteai leader with unbroken phalanx into the heart of a besieged ciiv. His siyle was plain, unadorn ed, and so forcible and direct tli&i it might be called palpable. With his snuff-box—for the chief-justice ihcn loo used snuff—compressed in his closed hands, lie reasoned for hours with- ont the least aUcmpt at wit or eloquence. And yet, at limes, lie was irnly eloquent, from his deep yet subdued earnestness. in a question of bail in the case of a youth who had shot his teacher, I remember, though then a youthful student, that a crowded auditory were suffused in tears. Il tvns rhe fervor of his own feelings, cOVERiN’OR’S 31ESSAGE. E X KCU TIV K D E P A RTM F. ST, MiJIeiltfeviJIe, Nov. 4* 1813. Fcllow-Cittzrns r.f the Senate and House cf Representative*: ' tlj.» pre$p/Jt year the labors sod hopes of the hus- ita benevolent ; ■} ale. tlx al imp. a 1 parriotl. ! lo ihe in la a.. of its sucrespSnl ■J IV tin Tin Du banlmuu have been visited by a general disap|mimmenL— Hi i nevus.t.-m -d and anticipated reward is not now to be reaped in ps fie! Is. Compelled lo be content with his lim ited supply, and patiently submissive to die Great Cause . wliieh produced it, he should seek to alleviate tbo delicien- spouking directly, lhat made him eloquent. He cy of the present and provide an abundance for the ftuore, did not. appear to know that he was eloquent ) “ h 'sa;dfrugality and forecase Thee ctseol these virtues, wlien united to industry, cannot Tail to aken bis gratitude, when he feels that the wants of the moment are softened nr supplied by the bounties ufthe past. U ho has evor repined over n full granary ? Has not a crowded cotton-hnuse now lost more than half of i's charm ? Certainly experience has painfully de iiionstratcd lhat the latter is arid has ever been an inadequate substitute for the former. . T) , . • i • it 1** viewflf the depressed condition of the agriculture of nessed ill lue pudinutre bar y was a trial in !i I die Slnte, l respectfully submit to your consideration the mandamus case, in which the right to n church | wllic f l w . n ‘ id, pi i* Treasur ■ I be pre*; - 1 Id liimself. It was an inspiration which c.imo to him, if it came at all, unbidden—and which would no more answer to his call than Glen- do wer’s “Spirits nf the vasty deep.” One of ihe most interesting cases ever wit- was contested. Mr. Duncun had bee/i estab lished in the ministry in Baltimore-, by n mim her cf Scotcli Prcsbytcriuns, in an obscure ed ifice. His talents drew such a congregation that it soon became necessary to build a larger h , ° p I 7— . -« «|s|«<qn(atiuu ui a iiuiucu sum oe annu- was done; and ill the progress Ol ally exploded m ihe purchase of the varieties of mins and give ihe promise of plenty in the land. The first step wnl •loubllcsA be to restore leriihty to the fields ami pro**urc grains and grasses adapted to ihe climate. Every erperi ment faithfully and fuirly made, will require improved im- of husbandry ; and. if reliable as a guide for the tutu re, a tdoseness and nccuraey of observation which shall mark its progress aud eud. For this purpose I earnestly recommend dial an appropriation of a limited sum be anriu- ;!00,i CO I/a-N been pn 11 ro Messrs. Keid. Ir- i ihe interest ..n the pu'olic d-bt hi.s been never in mdetl at the Treasury. At thf •*t'the present year an Executive order wan :ii.* the pay mctu <d interest -*ix months in nd- i;c vviirn due. As the funds were in tho capable of being used, it was deemed prop* Mice to the public creditor, nnd tl.n f the ir* iniidit 8;.tel\ !>*5 executed without injury to It 'va;> l;::«ij11 (*d to aid public credit, and • out legislative prohibition, ot tha anticipating nnd bearing it 1 * bur- lieu. e is tiie authority to invest ties. The ri^ht sh< aid be per- er faithfully' exerc ised, the trus ed. Su- it a law woujel farihato f estates, u*’d invite, bv reason ot its toenLTHgo iu their management. In- add. tn-u:\\ yn tection to estates—as tho *rved in v* red to this rnene events, the pastor preached a more liberal doc trine than he had at first inculcated. His ear ly supporters remained not only unchanged in their faitlij but they resolved ro have it preach ed to them by one with whom they coaid en- lirely agree upon religions matters. The ma jority of the congregation agreed will) Mr. Duncan. A deep schism arose in the divided flock which was eventually, by a writ of man- Armas carried before a legal tribunal, Mr. Taney was counsel for the old school side, and Mr. Wirt fur the defendants. The courtroom, dur- grasses* and gratuitously distributed to the several tfgricul- tural societies ol the S ate which are now or may be here a ter formed. TLe object is to concentrate individual expe riments, deduce genert l results* and thereby give to this primitive and indispensable occupation that strength which system always imparls* In 1778 Georgia offered (liberally of her then wealth) large bounties of land on condition that the receiver would erect machinery for the manufacture of her iron ore. Since lhat period large expenditures have been made on her riv ers and roads—bat it in thought that tho instances are few in which direct legislation has been made and intended to Jost^r this leadir g interest of the Chate. The lax act »d IS04, is the basis upon which all subse quent revenue laws of the State rest. Its incqaalities have been more plainly exhibited by every advance we have made in extent of territory, increase of population and . , * indifference m 0»e subject. The Poor School vine 3c (A Fund amounting cure to half a milli tt of dolUrr., ia now re* discharge* duccd to twothfiusand six hundre<l and thirty shores of ihe comujei.ce capital stuck of the Hanks of the State of Georgia .and An is.- gnsta. Until the lasf se^simrofthe Legislaiure.il formed a v part of rhe capital of the Central Hank, and daring two T» vents of this period no dividend was declared and distribu ted lor educational purposes. Moreover it is now stated n* an illustration of general indiffeienre on this subject, that during the past year, only fifty-three’of the ninety-three com ties of the State m»de applica'ions at the Treasury for their allotments of the Poor School Fund, and when to*» the penalty for default wag known to be an nbsolute forfeiture of claim . The numerous nets of tbo Legislature, which hare b-en as only so many innovations upon the system, have related principally to the administration of the funds in the hands of public officers, and hare been frequently passed under the allegation of its actual or supposed misapplication. As a.remedy for these evils ft is respectfully proposed f *r your consideration, that the system be changed so as to nrfuse info it more of public care by combining with it public responsibility. This end it, is thought may be accomplished by immediately distributing the Poor School Fund among the several counties upon a basis similar to the One by which dividends are now declared—givingto the Grand Ju ries the approval or disapproval of the direction and appli cation of the fund—holding each county iiable for the prin cipal amount received, nnd in .case of loss or diminution of the same from any cause whatsoever, the deficiency to be replaced by an extra tax levied by order of the Inferior Court, on the representation of any Grand Jury, and in its ~ Ml.- » ; default then to b« collected by n mandate of the Superior S15Q.0Q0 at seven per rantum. offered its successor too into Court of the countv. | for the emergency nnd rood ^relMiing at. m profit. *. ruler In taking distribution according to the foregoing plan, it j the act ot 1840 which authorised tne is:*uc ot 1-* tu.a bear- will be necessary to make provision lhat as the shares of ' a o 30 interest of eight per centum pm* annum, nil the Hank stock constituting the Poor School Fund ore in Nlauks with the exception of three, in bavam.rJi rod A ugON- amounta of one hundred dollars each,fractional sums may ( tngave their kindly aid in restoring specie pavmei.ts at tho occur which may be advanced .from the Treasury without (Treasury. They received the bund* the Central Hank inconvenience, as an equal amount in tlie undistributed | iu lieaol their mvu bili^ which were men and have i on- shares of stock would necessarily be retained and which, ( tiuue l atpar, at a time when if had been icir n«>minal va. ! - ,d probably hjp- tlietis, K trust funds in missive only, .in tee should be fu llm ndministrati security the woi deed it would b opinion is hazarded dint if the* t invested in ^tate securities, and eve ue less l«>sa would have occurred il pen under their present ihnnagemenu V At you ■ I ist a ; d i e I ic funds of the Tiensury eon- sifted exclusively » f the depreciated bills of the Central Hank.* Issued nponr.r*.! fu>mii.ed by tile credit oftheSiate, it was palpable lhat if they were iig;>m pul into circulation that their dcprecinl: ei would bo progressive nnd lingering, ami it) the mean time its sympaihetio effect wou’d be felt throughout the entire fi-ic.il operaimns of the 8;a;e. Tim large and immediate dUbureements consc(;uenl on the atl-^ jmirutnent of the Legislature threalei ed the necessity of their rei>sue, a® the act which ?*uihoriscd the lunding of THAT OLD SONG.—n r tv.u.c. Hosxm Sing on! I love that olden lay, Though mournful are the notes and wild. It drives the haunting fiend away—* It thrilled me when a child. Long buried gold the Past reveals, Charmed by the magic of that strain. My weary heart refreshment feels. And I am young again. Sing on! the land of shadows now Hath raised its curtain dark and dim. Hack comes ray sire with furrowed brow, That smile belongs to him. Each old familiar word invokes The phautems of the pictured past. And sighing through ancestral oaks, I hear the midnight blast. Sing on! for borne on music's tide. My soul finals back to other days— Front dust rise up the true and tried To greet tny yearning gaze « And she meek violet that grew In rosy boyhood's Edeu lost. Springs up as if her eye of bluo Had never known the frost. Sing on! sing on, entranced I hear. While bloom once more earth's perish'd fiow'rs, And mother warbled in mine ear That song in other huurs ; And when the sad refrain is breathed. Her gentle spirit hovers nigh— Fond arms are round the wunderer wreath'd, Kind voices may reply. itl" the trial was crowded with the beauty and Change of staple. At the period ot its euactuieuL it opera- fashion of the Monumental city. It was sucli “ d „T t ;° ,,,jr °T “ ,irJ ‘J*®, te " ilo D’ ofu.eSwte.and «,.« j. , , > * i i it - - I P°P tt ** llo o nearly IWQ-Ihird* less. Mnce that nine the great R display of eloquence, anti a fttil appreciation | Staple of the South has been developed, and in a great mea- of il, as IS seldom, witnessed. Mr. Wirt was I ? nr e» awlantefl llic productions of that <iay. Tile iuequal- .,1....... 1.. .. i - it e»ot tlie present sysiem liave doubtless been perpetuated ahvjjs happy IQ m.lnirijj u quotation , arid III I by the occasional acquisitions of latid'Wbicli.eveuuader the concluding this cause‘be mude one of his bnp. adopted policy ot'luucries, brouj-ln rev. uue inlu the Treas- niest. After a'luding to the old school mem- T‘^ a " d ‘ hereby avened *2 "«?**» , of i- reneral ro*atio D 1 , u I lilts rSVeiltie IA Otw nit Oif nmI thta ii>iritiiiinlp miiitu nf bers who as n had been said, were Scotchmen, and after dwelling upon the tragedy of Macbelh the scenes of w uch nro lail in Scotland, ho described their preacher as being in the con dition ofMacbeth’s guest; nnd said a stern re buke to them, that though they should succeed Toil revenue is n-w cut ofl’ t and tlie legitimate inode of supporting government, by taxation, must supervene. In this searching operation of the government, equality should be approximated, nor should an abrupt, novel, or extreme plan be adopted; because that which is the most expedient is not always the most practicable. Accordingly the system, as proposed by the Treasurer, is recommended as retaining the principles of the present lax iawsO'f the btate.and equalizing u» some measure the bur in their cause, which he felt confident they Jbena imposed, by extending the list of'taxable objects.— *i % „„ ...^..11 r.^i i:i. _ 4 |._ I Under the hekd of specific taxation aboutene half ut the re- WQItld Hot, they uoulj ft?el like the guilty I quired revenue will be raised, whilst the other half will be I produced according to the plan of valuation. Both plans embrace about an equal number of taxable objects. It is therefore proposed that the rate of taxation shall be fixed Thane: “(Tbis Duncan Hath borne his faeallies so meek, hath been So e'enrin bis great office, that his virtues Will plead like angles truinpet-t.ingued against The deep damnation of his taking off.’ This quotation was made with such oratori cal effect tha; there was a deep silence when Mr. Wirt took his seat, which w ,s succeeded bv repeated outbreaks of applause. Mr. Wirt gained iho case. TIIE DESERTED PATRIOT—EARL GREY IN tsar. As in the last hours of the Commonwealth, when the forum was full of bitterness and con fusion, fa> re mid there might have been a S^-ti alor. melancholy and grave, standing amidst the ruins and throes, and agonies, of the re public, -Like some lone column of his native Rome." Such was (tie bearing of Lord Grey. His parly had deserted the old colors, but it was as I" arlesdy as in his youth, when Fox was by te cheer, that lie lifted up that banner of free dom which through life lie had so rarely seen victorious, but which -still torn bat (lying. Streamed like a tiiuudeistorm against the wind." And never was it raised under more hopeless or melancholy auspices. Sole and lonely, with the benches of tlie opposition on which, he still sit, crowded to a majority by those whom he had always opposed; with Ihe bench es confronting him thronged by those friends with whom he hud ever acted, with that feel ing of alFectiou all turned inwards, which, to oid men, to whom new connections are imjjos- sible, is very bitter, with that sense Of friends once parted. Grown aingle-liearled," which was all tlie more keen and intense, be cause a grave, proud man, he did not show il ; it was a sight to move reverence, awe, and, if such a word may be used of greatness, sym pathy. But when at length he rusa to fort id the bans between the Whigs and 31 r. Canning when, with passionate remonstrance, hu ap pealed to tile old traditions ; when, with sav age mocker/, lie sneered at tho reputed liber alism of Mr. Canning—more liberal forsooth than his late colleges of administration, a cabi net minister—no additional reason far trusting him—when, too, with all th.® hate which thed long political duel had provoked, he dasbe I oil'a p.clure of his great rival’s career, from 1801) downward.-*, darkly and powerfully con ceived, but executed with all tile arts of a prac tised rhetoric, it would have been impossible to listen without something of timt glow when one first reads the Cte-upbou or Cdtaiine. The opposition rung with applapse; they had been ill accustomed lo cheer such eloquence, and their very prejudice was severed with every stroke of the dashing weipon which was so skilfully yielded. But as if their approbation was gull and wormwood to hi.s soul, it was with a stern disdain that Lord Grey turned round to repudiate their connexion, and to an- ninilate tho growing hopes of so great a coadju- tor. For himself, tie was alone, satisfied to be alone in this adhcranca to principles which more than half a century he hid Borne intact through chequered tunes which others might, abandon, bat which w- re now stilt de ire. to him, because they were now ins friends and his supports iu his otherwise unfriended and unsupported isolation. [Oxford and Cambridge Review. Further Antarctic Discoveries.—It is said that further discoveries have been made in the Southern poplar regions by the barque Pagoda, under the Command of Lieul. Moore of ihe British Navy. This vessel was hired by tlie British government for this expedition, and for the purpose of completing tlie series of magnet- ic observations kft unfinished by the ships Ter ror and Erebus. She relumed to Simon's Bay, after an absence of 139 days, having pro ceeded larther South than any vessel which hns pr ceded hi-r, having accomplished tlie special onject ol tlie voyage, and having brought home many species of birds and fishes not before known. She found the Aurora so brilliant, that small print was distinctly legible by the lUht ; of it. The vessel was at times surrounded by ; icebergs higuer than the must head. Not a casualty occurred, nor was a man sick on tlie voyage. on ail ol'llic enumerated objects mentioned iu iho Treasu rer’s report, with ilie exception ol' real estate and its im provements. which shall be valued by the oath of the free holder, and that the digest of the several receivers shall be returned on the first of July, annually to the Comptroller General, who shall be required to assess a rate not exceed ing a fourth of one per cent, on the valuation of such real es tate and its improvements, so as to raise a given amount ; and notify the several collectors of that rate, who shall be required to collect accordingly. Certainty in amount may, by the plan proposed, be al ways realized,so lhat die government may be placed be. yond contingency of want, to which it.Ins been exposed by the fluctuating amount of fixes. The freehold-interest is required to supply a contingent deficiency; yet even that is restricted and limited to a rate less than any other ol the entire list of taxable objects. Its conservative character over excessive appropriations may be presumed, because the freeholder-interest is at all times fully represented, and would be carelul to check extravagance. It will be se-n that u reiiuriinti uIUxumi per cent- of the present fixed rates tin several important objects is proposed, and that this may be safely made without public detriment if the integrity of the scheme be preserved Whether the proposed system be adopted or the present ono retained. I respectfully suggest the propriety of requi ring every person fully to perform his duty iu this regard. Representations have been made that there have been eva sions of the exiting law. in making full returns of taxable property. The remedy for this default is to be found in a legal enquiry accompanied by an appropriate penalty. Tlie auhject of chunging by a reduction of the rale of in terest in the State is respee.folly suggested Iqryoar ccnsid eraiinn. A distussion as lo the abstract light to pass usury laws may be waived, by considering the 'act that in this age Christian nations have concurred in their propriety or ue cessity. and their best defence may be found iu the argu ments of the heart, which, if less clear', arc quite as cogent asthuseof the head. Money, like every other marketable article, is reiative in its value, and influenced by its scarcity or abundance. The large amount of money which recently flowed into the Treasury arising from investments in the reverted lauds of the State, indicates a rurplus beyond the wants of ibe debt or class of the community. Too large sums on individual deposite in several banks of the State disclose the fact that safe or satisfactory investments cannot be made by capital ists. As a consequence of tbis excess of capital beyond the general warn, freehold property, usual.y slow to exhibit any pecuniary impulse, lias been enhanced in value. Individ ual capital lias in some measure supplanted that of banking corporations, several of which have recently reduced their capitals. In the proposed reduction, our position in reference to that of adjoining States and their legislation is to be also considered. Any extraordinary difference between our and their standards cf interest, might have the effect of di verting, in some degree, capital from nue State to another; though it is believed in regard to loans, the confidence re posed in tlie borrower by the meritorious lender is the pri mary inducement, whilst the usurer looks to an extravagant >er centum as covering the profits nnd perils of his coutre- Jand contracts. Nor should an ancient role be rashly inno vnted upon. In all cases, when time and experience have imparted their genial influence, extreme counsels or extreme measures are to be avoided. It is therefore recommended that the present rate ut interest of the State be reduced to seven per Centura per annum, and lhat n fixed standard be retained so that any conventional agreement between the contracting parties may be legally excluded. Legislation m relation to contracts which may not be obnoxiutis to a constitutional objection, should be prospective. The effect of a law such as is now proposed, on existing contracts which be hereafter enforced by legal process, may be safely- left to the Judiciary, when organized according to the con stitution of the Stale. In relation to the establishment of a Supreme Court for the correction of the errors of the inferior judicatories, the legislation of Georgia has beeu peculiar aud irreconcilable. Ten year* ago two anicndinenu of the Constitution were fi nally parsed by tit ijnrities of two-thirds ol the members of two consecutive Legislatures, fhe.one removed the prop erty qualification of a member of tlie Legislature; the other require.! th? establishment ol a Supreme Court. The Con stitution now stands with ihe specific restriction lopped oil' and the granted power added. Unquestioned aurl unques tionable privilege has probably been enjoyed under the one, whilst the doty, commanded, in my opinion, by the other, lias not been performed. The lass remains for you: and whether in reference to constitutional requirement or social necessity. I cannot loo earnestly commend it to your delibe rations. Eleven Judges, each supreme in Ins authority, and capable ofbeing appealed from himself only to himself, cannot be presumed to decide with uniformity. Without uniformity law itself is a chance, aud has been aptly called a miserable servitude. Laws are mere obstructions unless knowfl by their practical application, which rests their wis dom or folly. Uncertainty aggravates the wrong by multi plying the chances agaiaat redress. The litigious and harmful rejoice in a controversy surrounded with doubt— the peaceable and just, from the same cause, as frequently waive as seek reparation, unless urged by resentment, which, awakened by injury, usually encounter* all hazards. We have no reports of binding authority, iu whicu are pro claimed and pre.-erved the great conservative principles of social justice. The contemporaneous expositions of our early lawa are fading away in the dim twilight of tradition. These evils, perhaps, are not now greater have been expected from the inherent a of the present system. Probably they have iu with the numerical increase of the Judges — proportion of eleven to three. Moreoverthe railways which are already in operation in the t'tate pass through eight of the eleven judicial districts. Upcn them are transported one third ol the marketable productions of the Butte. The vulue ol ihe merchandise carried by them would swell tlie value ot property to at leastsix millii ni of dollars annual y. This prnpeity should be un ler the protection ot the same uniform law in its trans t Irom one point to another. Wo have moreover by the cx- tension of the State railway to lire West, and by our impro ve 1 facilities of transportation and market, invited the citi zens of adjoining and other ^States to come into our midst and bring with them their productions- The guard of law uniformly administered should be vouchsafed to both.— With itthis scheme of sicial arid commercial intereoi to il a.- be rapidly advanced, and, without it. retarded by d a- trust. Every iutere-t, at home c trolling cor relive or the discords oT the inferior judicatories In ; C uirt. prudence would sugeest system are only 10 be remedied when sold with the accumulating dividends, would soon 10- imhutse the Slate. It is proper that I state lhat this remnant ofpuhlic bounty under an act for the education of the poor, passed by the last Legislature, tvas transferred from the Central Bank lo the Treasury, where I hope it will remain untouched unless for the specific object to which it was originally dedicate'!. Bethe dividends larceor small,one desirnbleobject will be attained, that ofeertainty in a fund reliable for some amount. It will give the assurance ttial the plan of general education, Commended to our care by every political and social consid eration, is not abandoned. The amount received from the fund during the last year, and subject to distribution was Cd.2g.), Tlie estimated amount of the current year will be SIS,000. In connection with lids subject T would respectfully refer jirut to the con lilutional requirement in relation to ihe libe ral and continuing endowment of one or more seminaries of learning. Its obvious purpose was to elevate as well a* to diffuse learning. Both plans are constitutionally united, and in the spirit of their original conception should move harmonio usly together. The means of a liberal education were in tended to be cheap and easily accessible to the as piring youth, who has no other fortune than his genius and i perseverance—who springs up vigorously in the midst of i tire people and partakes their sympathies. To-day they are S his patrons, to morrow he is iheir advocate. This is a part uf the policy ol our educational system, which was planned by ancestral wisdom and perpetuuted by cons-.i ulional com mand. 1 transmit herewith copies of several Executive Orders which have been issued w ithin the two years past. Among them is a respite of the sentence of Charles Junes, convicted ot murder in the Superior Court of Lumpkin county, nnd whose execution is suspended until the 14th day of Decem ber next. A transcript of the evidence in this case is also i transmitted. Also an order to suspend an execution issued i on a forfeited recognizance against Mrs. Sarah McKean, J one of the securities for the appearance of Thomas C. j McKean. Also an order in heha.fof Samuel d-'-Jones, one ! of the securities of the late defaulting Tax Collector of Ata- ! con county-. The motives which influenced the passing of I these orders are stated in their preambles. Executions have been issued against the Batik of Mil- j Icdgeville and the Commercial Bank of Macon for the Tax i on ineir respective capital stock, and have been suspended i in consequence of a reduction of their capitals by loss or j otherwise. It is proper lo state that these banks have paid , the Tax clue on their slot k which is actual anil operated on. j The question which was presented to my mind when these executions were ordered lo be issued, was in relation to the capacity of the slock holders to reduce at pleasure their capi- ! tai -in.: a. The co.Trlalive right to increase it could oniy e\- , itt by legal permission. It is believed that the right to re- ' duce the capitals of Banks has appertained exclusively lo , the Legislature, and lias not been conceded in any instance ' in granting a charter. The converse of this proposition n not true, us authority is frequently given which permits an increase of capital stock, incases of loss of capital it is equitable that the tax should col be collected. I,ike oilier perishable property tbe legal exemption should be extend ed to it. As u check upon the expansion and contraction of Banking capital, it is recommended that a law be passed which will permanently limit the capital stock of each Batik to tit? amount which shall be returned as liable to taxation. This restriction may not interfere with the rights secured under existing charters, as it will present the alternative proposition either to pay the lax oy the maximum of capital heretofore reported, or reduce their capital without the pow er of hereafter increasing it. Such Banks as have been le gally authorised t-i reduce their capitals, ot course are ex cluded from the operation of the proposed law. The great increase of the inmates of the Lunatic Asy lum imposes the necessity ol enlarging the comforts of the insti tution. The number, as reported by the Trustees, is sixty- tbree—a large majority of whom are recipients of the bounty secured oy an act of the last Legislature to this indigent and afflicted class of our population. That act relieved the counties of heavy burthens created by the legal obligation of mnnnrltnntliaii nOilf TIlia IffMn fit’ lllBIT Full lull# of the Central B four per crnUmi, and wfc»*e full not attained till ihe month of Mn.v « .serviceable arrangement w s coiv.pl and rqp.iraut reluctance on tlie j> few clays before il r.f f, ue of ihi in two t< !.i» l year. This much delay cf ihe hanks, only :e !a«t Legislature. than might adical defects n the fttlo skins I companies. schools has not diffus 'Abroad, plea ds fi r a o n- t and conflict in>» decisions Ijusting ilie (1 cl.dls of the rat the defec is of the old j Delay and ii envy expen- r free insiitu It fol.s. its ex- ’ in jduhlicror ititle: re. j present s\> item of Jree » igs thwere anticipated [ supporting tlieii poor. This item of iheir expenses would be greatly increased, when it is considered that to ihe du:v of providing food and raiment fer these mdigenla, may be auperaddeii that of furnishing the curative means to those mentally afflicted. In respect to the expenditures necessa ry to the bodily comforts of the insane poor, it would seem equitable that this charge should be borne by the counties from which each is sent, whilst the healing process of the mind should devolve as a gratuity and a duty on the Slate. A moiety of the amount usually allowed as a support of each sane indigent person would be adequate to the oiniiitenancu of an insane pauper in the Asylum—or at least would in some degree reiieve the Treasury of this burthen, which, under the operation of the poor-laws, should be sustained by the counties, according to the number of iuj&iics each may. send to the Asylum. Viewed only as a pecuniary question it would be more advantageous to the counties that their paupers were all insane, as thereby an entire suspen sion uf the beneficent laws for the protection and care v i the would be produced. Whatever may be your conclu sion as to this equitable claim—that each county should pro file at all times personal comforts lor its poor—die obliga tion of the State to minis.er to the diseased mind is now too inpenuive'to be overlooked pr avoided. The usefulness of the institution will be promoted by the completion ot the unfinished building which was originally intended for the reception and cure of male patients. As the salaries ot its officers are placed in the discretion of the Trusteesaml Ex ecutive, it is teconnm nded that they, as in other cases, be fixed by (aw, and increased in proportion to services render- i ed. The incurring of debt by the States or individuals may be accomplished when the object is pursued perseveringly. Its reduction or payment is a more painful task arising ! doubtless from ihe contranent motives influencing the two I transactions. The expedients of the presen: suggest the facilities for rhe future, and hence accumulation of liabili : ties seldom gives alarm, except to that class whose virtue | abhors indebtedness nor less at its existence ihah inception To pay promptly ami fully will counteract the temptation ] to borrow incautiously. The greater portion of the public j debt of tlie State was, in some respects, the result of tbe beguilement of the times Fortunately its amount is not so large, compared with the resources of the State, ns to j induce any default on her pari. By the report of ihe Tree- surer t'ne entire debt of the State, arising from the sevearl an- | propriatvu.s for tlie W. A A. Railroad, a mounts to tin* sum of j $J.7J7,?60. 1 i this amount is included tlie debt of Messrs, j Ueid, Irving & Co . which, after estimating tho premiums j on exchange and nil incidental charges, is placed ot the \ sum tof $292,510. This debt hoars an interest of five per j centum, which is payable in London ; though really nfter discharging all commission and costs, it tnny be reckoned iit n rate exceeding six per centum per nnnum. Hence it was oti object of consideration with this department, under the • act of the lust Legislature, that these sterling bonds be corn- | muted into Fede^tal bonds, beating an interest of six per centnin payable ut the Treasuty—and accordingly, it prop- [ usition to this effect was made t«» Messrs, lieid. Irving dc Co. which was declined. Tim Bank of Augm is also held s er’.in" bonds amounting to the sum if 5JJ, which was changed into Federal Bonds. This arrangement op erated beneficially lo both parties, as each saved the heavy 1 in the transfer of funds from the Lnited w their disbursement in tbe latter piece, l ist Legislature providing for the extin- )UI _ M v „. v debt clue Messrs. Ueid, Irving & Co., has ,iotbeen foliilfed- A sale of bonds as authoriat-d by that actcouM not be effected at ilie price and m desired. These senile.,..-.. Imve made a proposmen to re- ceue n ivnient ofllieretnaimle- ft uieir debt due by lire tv estimating tbe pound sterling at lour <b.liars and e-rl-v cent* • tlie same to be pa d in the city of New York and allowing interest at tlie rale of live per cent per iinnuni for sixty day* from tne date of tlie payment bei-c the usual period conceded for tlie tnaturv ni' bills of chafe beiweer this country and Europe. The propo- sido,, is limited to tlie time whim the Legislature si,nil ml- j„ ur . and is. in tny opinion, one that ought lobe acceded h , -pile character of ihe debt ami tbe pain-are nf the <-red- ito- - tould induce on our pin a strenuous effort to riii onr- *e vesofia claim u. : .-li has been too long - us imi in its p lymetit With tlie expectation that lire l.cgndntuie will expense Slates 11 Euroj Tire law of t . I liar lcet'S' -ditor; nade e ,■ lands :i v be ! quited -n tin- g, and L hope is. bv which i-debt. The before yc nr The sequel has illustrated it * amkipated benefits. fri ecio payments were resinned and bare been Min e maintained at the treasury—the currency lias become s-.t.ioi : and Slate credit is advancing lo i-.s pi or r> i. < I honor able position. The bills.if the State bank, which circulate os money are c-n lerrd as valuable as coin. Wlien die one bears I a close proportion to tire other, no pernuineut injury can bt-till the bill-holder- The relation between the bonk.* and [ bill holders may be said to be aim. si universal. As it be- 1 ran in confidence so i: should end in punctuality. It is the duty of tlie Legislature to supply anv defect in the existing , law* on this subject, to the end that this general relation l-e- I tween banks and bill holders may be maintained without harm to the Inner. The In.l.nc in the Treasury on the first inot., exclu sive of tire t-i.ies o! tire present ye ir nnd tl e poor school fund tin ounts to the sum of tfiH»6l6 3d. Tl is anioux.t will Ire. diminished by tin- pujmcnlsot tin:IfsJ qm-rreroi' •die civil cMablirlitn nt of tin- cuircntyear, to teachers of poor children forllieyeurs ICdd umi 1JW, nnd other char ge.*, the aggregate amount of.nhicli isei-tinmied at ?- lfi,- 6(11). I tinny bn assumed as true tltcl n balance of §15,- 000, after 11 cl laying all demands on the T rcasury, will re. mailt nnd lie nvuilable to rite government dining the en suing y ear. It was found in paying the re-counts ofsomo of the counties foruttinraget due to the teachers of poor children, tlintsume oftliein were-o large in amount, that, if the other counties which had put in no claims to t/te fluid were to exhibit tlrelr demand in the some ratio, the fend itself would have b en insul tcient to have met such demands. In cases where lire demand was largo, the payment was restricted in amount so as to guard a- gaiust a deficiency of the fund- Even in these discs the amounts received are larger then anv sum at any time heretofore obtained for free school purposes. Nor can it escape notice that aa the menu* oi supply bom the Treasury (or free schools became lessccrtain and small er, ihe tendency to indebtedness was vehemently in creased. The amount alrere.lv paid on this head is $5,- 711 23. 1 he Act of I82G was obviously intended to equalize (lie salaries of tire Executive officers of the State, and requirethc perquisites which might nect ue in their re spective otiices to lie paid into the Treasury. Accord ingly no Executive order was issued shurlly after 1 cni'no into office, requiring that nil t in ffunrent.*, othrr than those of tire salaries of tlie officers should be paid wl-.cro lire law direct*. Subsequently it was found that tho posterior Act ol Ifi'Jil, remarkable for its phraseology, gave lo the Coi iptroller General and Treasurer certain perquisites oil the issuing of I’edler’s licenses. In tho conflict of tire tivo acts just referred to. it was riot deem ed prudent to relax, or rescind, the order, as it was he- lievctl that in fo.uv.-s hail tii. rctn.hue occurred, when these offices hod a used for other limn public purpo se*. The n-mniul received within tire two years hist past, on account of Fvdler’e I icemen fins been kept nan separata fund, redj--et totlu.- jjeeb-iot: ol the Legislature, to whose judgment it is respet tfolly rrttircil, with tlm rent irk that the claims of the Comp min r General end Treasurer, arc, in mr opinion of legal validity, r.nd un less allowed, it will he the pert ot equal justice to de mand restitution of the * mis re-pm lively received l>y their predecessors since the passage ot the last mention- tinned act. Intimately connected with this sufij- ct is u grave que.-liiiii- As n ; nurce of revenue to the relate, thoprolits from I’ctller’s licenses are sumII, alter dedm t- ingnlf (heincident:., expenses. The injury inflicted on tire stationary merchant, who is heavily taxed, is less to ho considered than the danger ol plucing the itinerant trader in contact with till classes ol our population.— Whilst this mods of traffic e.t tlm doors ol our citizens is considered convenient. Focinl security is to he regard ed ns a paramount doty. It i* lire rrfo: c xnhhiiileil»tie til er the income to the Ktule from this source ot taxation should not lie surrendered, nnd tlie price ot a Perilers Ji -i-n.-ic he fixed by the Inferior Court af each county, to whom itshull be paid with the restriction that each ped- lorrlntl! coniine hi* operations, under a certain priority, W ithin the limits of such Counties hu he .hull have pre viously been In (-used to trade in. IS!.o old it be the will ol the Legislature to re tain the prevent sy utera, 1 they re commend Unit tire tux be increased, «n.< the | srquisites arising therelrom paid into tire. Treasury. f submit copies of a report mad.* by R. R. Cuvier, Esq. ul the munugginenf and comtiiiou of the ltnrieii Bank. It i* to be regn-ttsd that tin t institution w ithiu u fetvyears pn.-l has Ireeii Mibjrcird lo abuse nndpeeiiln- 1 LI I ion. Be! u III its us.-eis w ere turned over to lire Central Bank, according to the net of I'd 11, its credit bad been exposed i> the wildest tied most unprofitable specula tions. These weir based essentially on the credit oftlio .Stan: as she was the principal stockholder. \\ hen tho assets of the Bank were, in uccordane* wuh tire provi sions ol tire not just referred to, placed under the con trol oft he Central Batik, one ot its officers was charged mainlv with the collection of its del.!s. Tire report of At i. Co v ler represented tii s officer cs in nrreur for a largo amount, lor (lie recovery of which soils are now pend ing against him nnd his’securities in the Superior Court of Baldwin county. Tite liability of the Stutc, as a stockholder, for Irerproportien nt lire outstanding circu lation ol lire Bank is unquestiomihle. Tire estimated ninouiU oftliis liability t»:iv nut exceed sisty thousand dot In rs niter the available assets of the Hank are realis ed. L nlc.-a tdlierwi-e directed tt shall be the polity of this Department to effect the eollecticu ofdrt.ls due the fi.-iuk with convenient despatch. A* with the Dai ion Bunk, another commission, au thorized bv -i resolution of tire-Inst f.ezislntiue. !i* ex amined ill!" Lie condition of the Central Hank ol Geor gia. The labors of this hitter commission have just ended. Oii-ittilly it vv«.* composed of Messrs. Huuter. l.ovd and 11. lilt, who entered upon the duties of their op- pnmtmeul In-t sprit.”, trail til lhat time had completed tireii report with tire exception of the probable value of lie- assets ulThe Bank which were pluceriin suit. L'p- ou niv suggestion thev r.djmiim-d lo meet again ut such period wlien tin- nei-v’ssarv information for it fuir esttm- Ute lift e value, of the cl lints in the hands of anomies inrehl bn procured, lo the menu titu", me of the com- iiiiTtee. Air. John F. l.ovd,departed tins life witll the re gret of ut! who knew him personally or bv reputation. J t was not deemed necessary to supply his place, as Ins sin re-sin would have t een required oniy lo express an opinion upon a single subject, end that too only upon documentary evidence, » hich together with the report is nt tire command < f the Legislature. The committee report thu tnlhe 13th dnv ofOctobar nf the present tear the unredeemed circulation of tho Bank was §"7 7o0—its estimated resources (470,383 71 L, n ,i liabilities §!l1ii,fih!l ti-f. 'I he estimated loss may therefore lie p.'nccd at the .-utnof $364,223 53. This n- ii,nuiit tnav Ire decreased by n loss of iho bill* which will never bo presented lor redemption. Probably tbo -tun ol tin ty or fitly thousand dollars may be placed to the credit of the Bank from this source. With the. execj linn ot' a President and Cashier, alt other officert- of the. Li.rak w ere discharged os early us l .e begining of thepresei t year. No reduction was re- <1 died mi tin- salaii.-s of tlie retained officers, ns heavy duties were imposed upon them- Tire policy of wind ing up tlie Bank is regarded tis necessary end sound.— The institution was originally defective in its organiza tion, by requiring loans, almost compulsory, over nn urea of sixty thousand square uules bv a direction nu merically siiiall and always residing lit the centre. 1 ho scheme was full of difficulty and peril, vet with ttie early restriction imposed on the tine y-f di*t ounts w Inch made lire, institution onlv a b un i ffire ol preset t enpi- fol. onlv u lew and iii-.avoideble losses were sustained. U hen, however, die elm, iu ter of tire Bank was . s-en- VtPv ctrii -ed and tire naked c.eilil ol the Mali vv es substituted un lire rilleclgcl ground ofi. Keving indiv.d- I , ,, tire mind er of applications ter !<n-:;s .ir-riaifl the ci. raves oi toss piopoitn.reraly increased. , , , . . . , C credit of the Stale wrs nbireed by uviting (lie pe -ple to iean on the government, when, right,iilly, go vernment should be supported bv h- people. The pro u* and liulitlities of file Bank belong exelit- tively to I :« State. Numerous olrdy,s I ' ev -