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aarasas •alas of public lands, $3,077.39 30; and from incidental and iniacelUtMOM sources, • 163,908 id. The expenditures fur t tie same period wore twenty ninemilltou&aine butuirea and sixty eight thousand two hundred anu six doliara and ninety- flight eta ; of which, eight millions five hundred and eighly- eightthouaand one hundred and fifty seven dol jraund sixty- two centa waaappltfld to the payment cftlie j>ublic debt- Tlic balance in the treasury on the first of July lost, was seven j millions tie hundred end fifty-eight thousand three hundred eud six dollars and twenty-two cents. In the deliberations of Congress on this subject, it is hoped that a .-.pints of mutual concession and compromise between the two conflicting interests may prevail, un i that the result of their labors may be crowned with the happiest consequences By the Constitution nf the United States it is provided, that **no money &hall be drawn from the treasury but in consequence of appropriations made by law/ 1 A public treasury was undoubtedly contemplated and intended lobe created, in which the public money riioutd be kept from eleven cents—the income being leas than one*fourth the ex penses- To this pecuniary loss may be added the injury sustained by thje pubic in consequence of the destruction of timber, and the careless ami wahteful manner of working the mines. The system has given rise to much litigation between the United States and individual citizens, produ cing irritation and excitement the mineral region, and involving the government in heavy additional expenditures. frontier, will not admit ofsucli curtailment a* will materially redocethfr j»resoiu expenditures. In the adjustment ot tne tariff of postages ihe interests o*‘ the peop’o deinamt. that the lowest rates Ue adopted which will produce the neces sary revenue to iwvi the expenditures ol the department.— I invite the attention of Congress to the suggestions of the Postmaster-General on this subject, under the belief Wjj such a modification of (he late law may be made The^amount of the public debt remaining unpaid on^ihe lbe pciiod of collection until needed for public uses. In m o i '“*• the collection and disbursement of the public money no agencies have ever been employed by law .except such as were appointed by the government, directly responsible to it, and under its control. The safe keeping of the public money should be confided to a public treasury crested by law, and under like responsibility and control It is not t be imagined that the framers of the constitution could bavi intended that a treasury should be created as a place of first of October last, was seventeen millions seventy-five mou>and four hundred and forty-five dollars and fi r ty two cents. Further payments of the public debt would have been made, in anticipation of the period of its reimbursement under the authority conferred upon the Secretary of the Treasury by the act* of July twenty-first, 1611, and of April fifteenth, 1642, aid March third. I8<i3, had not die unset tled state of our relations with Mexico menaced hostile col* lislon with that power. In view of nucli a conlingency.it. deposit* end safekeeping of the publio money which was was deemed prudent to retain in the treasary an c mounl j irresponsible to the government. The first Congress under unusually large for ordinary purpose. % the constitution, by the act of the second of :h*ptember, A few yeat s ago. our whole naltonaldehl growing out o. -to establish the Treasury Department." provided for the lievolution and the war of 1812 with Great Britain was lbe fe pp(nabDeilt of a treasurer, and made it his duty *‘to extinguished, and we presented to the worh. the rare nml reC( j re a »d keep the moneys of the United Stales,” and tmbleal spectacle of a great and growing people who had .. al a jj blues to submit to the Secretary of the Treasury fully discharged every obligation. Since that tune, the an< j |j, e Comptroller, or either of them, the inspection of existing debt has been contracted; and small ns it is. in , l | |C mone « s in his hand*/' comparison with the similar burdens or moat other rations. Tbul batlks# national or state, could not have been intend- it should b« extingeishcd at f.ie earnest pr.tc icnble penod. j ct | lQ be U8e j ajJ a substitute for the treasury spoken of in Should the state 01 the country permit, and, especially, it lbe C cniaUlution, as keepers of the public monei, is rnani- oor foreign relations interpose no obstacle, it is cuntcmpU- | fc5t t runt the fact, that at that time there was no national ted to apply all the money a in the treasury as they accrue b-nkf aod bul lhrec „ r f our *t lole baJiks Q f j im i, e d capital beyond whu is required lor the appropriations by Con , cx i Me d in the country. Their employment as depositories rest, to 14s liquid siren. I ch*n«li the hope ol soon wns at fi, S j resor i c d to, to a limited extern, but wiili no eing tbe to congratulate the country on its recovering , aTOWC j unemion or coiiiiimiogtliero permanently, in place 4>ne« morr ihe lofty position which it so recently occupied, j of lbe lrcasur j of the constitution. When <hey were af- Oar country, which cxhib.it to toe world the benefits o. tetesrJsfrani UiDe to time employed, it was from motives % self-government, in developing all the sources of uational j>ro*peri*y, owes to mankind the permanent example of na tional prospe~iij, owes to mankiud the permanent example of a nstou free from lbe blighting influtr.ee of a public. debt. The attention of Congress is invited to the importance of calking suitable modifications and reductions of the rates of duty* imposed by our present tariff laws. The object of imposing duties on imports should be to raise revenue to pay the ueccxsary expenses of government Congress may, undoubtedly, in the exercise ot a sound discretion, discrim inate in arranging the rates of duty on different articles; but employed of supposed convenience. Our experience has shown, that when banking corpora tion 8 have been the keepers of the public money, and been hereby made id effect the treasury, the government can have no guaranty that it can command the use ol its own money for public purposes. The late Bank of the United Stales proved to be faithless. The State banka which were afterwards employed, were faithless. But a few years ago, with millions of public money in their keeping, the government wus brought almost to bankruptcy, end the public credit seriously impaired, because of their inability — * ■* -i — | — demaud, to the public creditors* . .. . . - . ... . . ! _3\: or indisposition to pay. on dentacd, to che d..cr.mine..«n. .hoo d be w.U.m the revenue standard, jo curr ' « c „ gll ; S ed bv the and be made with the new to raise money for the support - -* p * - * re'ations witli the various Indian trlbss within oor limits cr upon our borders, i invite your attention to the suggestions ol government. ft becomes important to understand distinctly what is meant by a revenue standard, the maximum of which should not be! exceeded in the k ratca of dutv imposed.— It is conceded, and experience proves, that duties may be Jakt so high as to diminish or prohibit altogether the impor- tsticn of any given article, and thereby lessen or desuoy the revenue which, at lower rates, would be derived from its importation. Burh duties exceed the revenue rates, and are not imposed to raise money for the support of gov .rrnn,«nu If (jongrooa levy a duty for revenue of one per cent, uu a given article, it will produce a given amount of moaey to tha Treasury, and wil/.inciJenialJy and necessari ly ■ third protection or advantage to the amount of one per cent, to the home manufacturer of a similar or like article over the iinpor*er. If the duty be raised to ten per cent., it will produce a greater amount of money, and afford greater protection. Jf it be still raised to twenty, twenty-five, or thirty per cenu si)4 if. M it is raised, the revenue der.ved from il h found to b* intimated, the protection or advantage will alas he increased; but if it be raised to thirty-one per rent., and it is found (hat the revenue produced at that rate is leas than at thirty per cent., It ceases to be a ic venue du ly. The precise point in the ascending scale of duties, at which it is ascertained from experience that the revenue is greatest, is the maxiiu uny me of duty wnich can be laid lor she bojtsjfde purpose of collecting money for the support of government. To raise the duties higher than that point, and thereby diminish the amount collected, is to levy them for protection merely, aiid not for revenue. As long, then, us Congress may gradually increase the rate cf duty on a giv ms article, and the revenue is increased by such increase of | jduty, they are within the revenue standard. When they go beyond that point, and as they increase the duties, the revenue is diminished or uesiroved, the act ceases to hav for its object the raisiug of money to support government, pwt is for prelection merely. it does not follow that Congress should Jevy the highest duty ou all articles ol import which they wjj] bear within tue revenue standard; lor such rales would probably pro ,du« e a much larger amount than the economical administra tion of the government would require. Nor does it follow that the duties joi all articles should be at the same, or a horizontal rate, come articles will bear a much higher rev enue duty than others. Below the maximum of the reven ue standard Congress may and ought to discriminate in the .rates imposed, inking care so to adjust them on different ar ticles as to produce in the aggregate the amount which, when added to die proceeds ot sales of public lands, ipay be needed to pay the economical expense? of the goyerp- jment. In levying a tariff* of duties, Congress -txercGe tho taking power, and lor purposes of raven ve may select the objects ol taxation. Tfiey may exempt certain articles altogether, and permit their importation free of duty. 0u others they may 2uipo»c low duties. In these classes should be embraced iOuch articles nf nacessity as are in geneioj use, «/uJ espe arially such as are consumed by the laborer and the poor, as well as by the wealthy citizen. Care should be taken that *11 the great interests of the country, including manufactures, agriculture, commerce, navigation, and the mechanic arts, should, as far as may be practicable,derive equal advanta ges from the incidental protection whhdt a just system of revenue duties may afford, Ta**riou, direct- or indirect, i * burden, and it should be mo imposed as to operate as equal ly as may be, on all classes, in the proportion of their abili ty to bear it. To make the taxing power an actual benefit to one class, necessarily increases the burden of the others I>eyond their proportion, and would be fj)Mf)iip*llr unjust.— Tne terms “protection to domestic industry/' lire of popular import; but they should apply under 9 just system to all the various branches of indujtry in our country, The farmer or planter who toils yearly ;u hj> fields, is engaged in “do mestic industry,” and is as much entitled to have his labor '’proicctt-d,” as the manufacturer, }he man of commerce, the navigator, or the mechanic, whoare engaged also in “domes- jt.c induiuy' v in their differentpuc.suits, Thejoiot labors of all these classes constitute the aggregate of lbe “domestic in dustry*'of the nation, and they are equally entitled to the nation's “ptoteciion." No one of lhe'/i can justly claim to be the exclusive recipients of “protection,” which can only be afforded by increasing burdens 00 the “domestic iitdus- iry" of the others. If these views be correct, jt remains to inquire how far ihe tariff*act of 164’d is consistent with them. That many of ihe provisions of that act ate in violation of the cardinal principles here laid down, all must concede. The rates «*f duty imposed by il on som# articles are prohibitory, and on auhera ao high us greatly to dimiui*h imj'Oitaiiona. and to piiMiuce * less amount of revenue than would be derived from lower rates. They operate as “protection merely,” to one brauch ol “domestic industry/ 4 by taxing oilier bran ches. By the introduction of minimums, or assumed and false values, and by the imposition ol specific dunes, the injustice and inequality of the actof J64‘d in its practical operations on different classes and pursuits are seen and felt. Many of the oppressive duties imposed by it under the operation of ihete principles, range from one per rent, to more than two hundred per cent, Tfiffy g/72 prohibitory on some arti cles, aud partially ao on others, aud bear most heavily on ar ticles ofcotn'ton necesity, aud bul lightly on articles of lux ury. It is ao framed that much the greatest burden which it imposes is tkrvvvg »>o I^bor and jbe poorer cla>ses who *re least able *o bear jt, while it protects capital nod exempts the rich from paying their just proporyoo of the taxation required for the support of government. VY hile it pro tects the capital of the wealthy manulaciurer, and increases bit profits, it does not barnWit the operatives or laborers in bis employment, whos# yvagC* have not been increased by it. Articles of prime necessity or of coarse quality and low price, used by the masses of the people, arc. in many in* staaccs subjected by it 10 heavy taxes, while articles nf finer quality aud higher priejt or of luxury, which can be used on ly by tha opulent, are lightly taxed. Ji imposes heayy and uujuat burdens ou the farmer, the planter, the ci-mnmrcial man, and those of all ether pursuits except t.ie capitalist who has made his iuvesimenia in manufactures. All the great iutcresu of the country are not, as nearly as may be practicable, equally protected by it. .... r The government m theory knows no distinction of per- •on* or classes, ami should not bestow upon some favors aim privileges which all others may not enjoy. It was the pur pose of its illustrious fou rulers 10 base the 1 they reared upon the great arid unchanging J justice and equ w . . rit in which they were conceived, thej « jhy the benefits which they diffused, and themselves a defence iti the hearts ot the | •rful than standing ntmics.a. d nil the men invented to sustain governments foundt* ^oppression. The well-known fact that the tariff by a majority of one vote in the House of Representatives nod that 1 themselves constrained, 1.rider the | existing at the time, 10 y„;f in its fa' fects, ami expressed their tleierinimi cation on the first opportunity, affords evidence that it was n*»i intended lobe expediency and necessity of its thoim J11 recommending to Congress n rei rates of du^y, and a revision apd m >. 1142, lam fur from ciiiertainuig opin manufacturers. On the coilUary, J d nerous, as far as they can be ia, w burdens on other interests. The n tem of indirect taxation, even with* most he in favor af the mauafacturi *0 other interest will complain. I recommend to Con.jri.Ma the ah principle, or assumed, arbitrary, a specific duties, ami the aubstifutin failure occurred in a period of peace, and great inconven ience and loss were suffered by the public from it. Had the country been involved in a foreign war, that inconven ience and loss would have been much greater, and might have resulted in extreme public calamity. Tbe public mouey should not be mingled with the private funds of banks or individuals, or be used for private purposes.— When il is placed in bunks for safekeeping, it is in effect loaned to them without interest, and is loaned by them upon interest to the borrowers from them. The public /noney is converted iuto banking capital, and is used and loaned out for the private profit of bank stockholders; and when called for, us was the case in 1&!7, it may be iu the pockets of the borrowers trout the bauks, instead of being in the public treasury contemplated by the constitution. Tbe frame!s of the constitution con'd never have intended that tbe money paid into the treasury should be thus convened to private use, aud placed beyond ihe control oi lbe gov ernment. Banks which bold the public money are often tempted, by a desire of gain, to exteud their loans, iurrfiOMP their circulation, and thus stimulate, if not produce a spirit of speculation and exiravagunce, which soonpr or later must result in ruin to timusunds. Il the pubJip money be not permitted to be thus used, but be kepi in tbe treasury aud paid out to the public creuilurs in go.d ami silver, the temp tation afforded by its dc|»uaite wjti| bunks jo an undue ex pansion of their business would be checked, while the i win -h of if administered in the spij !d be felt only Jr. more pew- mi appliance, injustice and of1812 wo e, and tw e of those wl; pas proclaim* - aid In h 1 mg am! c< 1 valorem dot j«x which ch instances d its dc- s modi fi nd 11 si ve ud of the It revision, iction of the present ticnliou nf the act of ns unfriendly to the ire Msec them urns Lout iurntsing unequal vantage under any t the revenue standard, g Interest; mid of mis, 1 it ion of ihe minimum ii fj'se values, and of in their p/are of ad nut equitable indirect o "k'™ p r nci|>,e - i.f small cut,bear 011- ainouiitof tbe cjrumulimm! currency leti in pircuinlum. yvuuM be enlarged by ns cinplovmem in l!;u public pojlpc- tions and disbur^enjeMU. and lbe bank, ibcipseives would in cunseuuetice be tuond it. a safer and sounder condition. At preseut. State hanks are employed as depositories, but without adequate regulation of law, whereby the public money can be secured against tue casualties aud excesses, revulsions, suspensions, am) defalcations, to wbic'i. Iron, over issues, overtrading, itti inordinate dpsii t. for gain, or oilier causes, they are constantly exposed. The Secretary ol tbe Treasury has in cases tyuen it was practicable, taken collateral' securitv for the amount which they bold, by the pledge of stocks of tbe jj’nited States, or such of the States as w ere in good credit. Some of the deposilebanks have given this description ul security, and others bare de clines to do so. Kiiicitaming the opinion that “the separation pf the mo neys of the government from banking institutions is indis pensable for the safety of the funds of the government and the right, of the people," I recommend to Congress that provision be made by law for such separation, and that a constitutional treasury be created for tbe safekeeping of tbe public money. Tlie constitutional treasury recommended is designed ,9 a secure depository lor the public money, without any power to make Joans cr discounts, or to issue any paper whatever as a currency or circulation. 1 cannot doubt that such a treasury as was contemplaieu by the con stitution,should be independent of all bauktug corporations. The money of the people should be kept in the treasury of tbe people ciealed by law. and bp in me custody ot agents of the peop.'e ohosen oy (bamselt es. according to lbe Iona, ol the constitution; agents who are directly responsible to tbe government, who arc under adequate bonds and oaths, and who are subject to severe punishment, for any emuca- zlement. piivate use,or misapplication of the public lunds. and for any failure in other respects to perform their duties. To say that the people or their government are incompe tent, or not to be trusted with the custody of their own mo ney, in their own treasury, provided by themselves, hut must rely on the presidents, cashiets, and stockholders of banking corporations, not appointed by them, nor respon sible to them, would be to concede that they are incompe tent for self government. In recommending tbe establishment of a constitutional treasury,in which me public money shall be kept, i desire that adequate provisron he made by law for its safety, and that all executive discretion or control over it shall be re moved, except such as may he necessary in direc.ing its disbursement In putsuanceof appropriations made by law. Under our present land system, limiting the minimum price at which ihe public lands can he entered to one dol lar and twenty-five cents poracre, Isrge quantities of lands of inferior qoaloy remain unsold, because they will not command thqt price. Fiom the records nf the General Land Office it ipptan, that, of the public lands remaining unsold iu .he several States and Territories ip wine!) they are situated, ihitiy-uine millions one hundred and five thou sand five hundred and seventy-seven acres have been in the market, subject to entry mure than twenty years; fo.tv- uitie millions six hundred and tbiny-etgbt thousand six hundred and forty-four acres for ntoie than fifteen years sevejily.-tliree millions seventy-four tlimisaud and six hun dred acres for pi° re lb*n ten years; and one hundred and six millions one hundred and seventy-six thousand nine hundred and sixiy-one acres for more than five years.— Much the largest portion of these lands will continue to he unsaleable at the minimum price at which they are per mitted to be sold, so long ns laige territories of lands from which the more valuable portions have not been selerted nr* annually brought into inaikel by die government. With the view to the sale and settlement of these inferior lands, I recommend that the price begradunied and reduced be low the present minimum rale, confining the sales at the reduced prices to settlers and col,-valors, in limited quan tities. If gradua'ed and reduced in pr'ee for a limited term to one dollar per acre.and afier the expiration of that period for a second nnd third term to lower rates, a large porriounf these lands would he pun-based, and many wor thy citizens, who arc unable to pay higher rates, could pur chase homes for themselves and their families- By adapt ing the policy of graduation and reduction of prices, these iiiferior'ionds will be sold fo» their real value, while the Stales in wbirh they lie will 1-e freed florn the inconven ience, if not injustice, to which they are subjected, in con sequence of tlie JJnii.ed States continuing to own large quan tities of public 'ands within ihejr borders, not liable to tax ation for the sopportof their local governments. I recommend tlie continuance of the policy of granting pre-emptions, in its most liberal extent, to all thorp who have settled, or may hereafter settle, on the public lauds, whether surveyed or uusurveyed. to which tlie Indian title; mav have been extinguished nt the time of settlement. It has hate n found by experience, that in consequence of com binations pf purchasers and other causes, a very small quantity «f lbe public lands, when sold nt public auction, commands a higher price Jinn the minimum rate establish ed by law. The settlers on tbe public lands are, however hut rarely able to secure their homes and improvements a, the public saies at that rate; because these combinations! by means of the capital they command, and their superior ahiii'y to purchase, render it impossible for litp settler to compels with them in the market. JJy p ruing down all icmpeiil'on. these combinations of capitalis's and specula im -,'ar* usually enabled to putchase the land, including the oioproveutentsof the sealers, at lbe minimum pricepf the government, and either tu'« them out ol their homes, or extort from them, according (n their ability to pay, double or quadruple tue amount paid forlhepi to the government. Il is to the eiI x—1 contained in that report, in relation to these prQiuiiiepl ob jects nf national interest- When orders were given during the past summer *br eon, centrating a military force on tbe weslern frontier of Texas, nurtroops were widely dispersed, ami in smnli detachments, occupying posts remote from esch other- Tlie prompt and exped'ittous manner in which an artnv, embracing more titan hall our peace establishment, was drawn together on an emergency so sudden, reflects grent_ credit on the officers who were intrusted witn the execution of these .rders, ns well as upon th* discipline of the a tiny itself. To he in strength to protect and defend the people and territory of Texas, in the event Mexico should commence hostilities, or invade her territories with a large army which she threaten ed, I authorised the General assigned to the command of the nrtny of occupation to make requisitions for additional forces from several of the Slates nearest the Texan territo ry. and which could most expeditiously furnish them, if, io his opinion, a larger force than that under his command, and the auxiliary aid which, under like circumstances, he was authorized to receive from Texas, should be required. The contingency upon which the exercise of this authority de pended, has not occurred. The circumstances under which two companies of State artillery fir. in the city of New Or leans were sent into Texas, and mustered into the service of* tlie United Slates, are fully stated in tbe report ofthe Sec retary of War. I recommend to Congress that provision lie made for the payment of these troops, ns welt as a small number of Texan volunteers, whom the commanding gene- ral thought it necessary to receive or muster into our service. During tlie last summer, the first regiment of dragoons made extensive excursions through the Indian country on our borders, a part of them advancing nearly to the posses sions of the Hudson's Bay Company in the north, and a pan as far as the South Pass of the Il-H-ky mountains, and the head waters of the tributary streams of the Colorado of the West. The exhibition of this military force among the In dian tribes in those distant tegions. and tlie councils held with them by the commanders nf the expeditions, it is belie ved, will have a saioS-ry influence in restraining them from hostilities among themselves, and maintaining friendly rela tions between them and the United Staffs. An interesting accountof oneof these excursions accompanies the report of the Secretary of War. Under the directions of the War Depai intent. Brevet Captain Fremont, of the corps of topo graphical engineers, has been employed since 1S42 in ex ploring the country westol the Mississippi- and beyond tlie Ilucky mountains- T wo expeditions have already been brought to a close, and the reports of that scientific and en terprising officer have furnished much interesting and vain able information. IJe is now engaged in a third expedition but it is not expected that this arduous service wilt be coin pletetf jn season 10 enable me to communicate the result to Congress nt the present session. Out relations with the Indian tribes of a fnvorable char acter. Tlie policy of removing them to a country designed for their permanent residence, west of the Mississippi and without tl|B limbs of the organized Slates and Territories, is better appreciated by fltem than it was a few years ago; while education is now attended to. and the habits of civili zed life are gaining ground among them. Serious difficulties oflongstanding continue to distract the several parties into which the Olterokees are unhappily di rided. Theeflorts of the government to adjust the difficul ties between them have heretofore proved unsuccessful; and there remains no probability that this desirable object can he acooijtpfished without the aid of further legislation by Congress. I will, at an early period of your session, present the subject for your consideration, accompanied with an exposition of the complaints and claims of the seve ral parties into which he nation is divided, with a view to tlie adoption ofsucli measures by Congress as may enable the executive to do justice to tlietn respectively, and to put an end, if possible, to die dissensions which have long pre vailed,and still prevail, among them, I refer you to the report of tlie Secretary of the Vary for the present condition efthat branch of the national defence; and lorfgrave suggestions, having for their objeetthe increase ol its efficiency, and a greater economy in its management. Doring the past year tlie officers and men have performed iboirduty in a satisfactory manner. The orders which have been given, hare beon uspouted with promptness and (bleb ily. A lnrgerforce titan hasofien formed one squadron mi- derrur flag was resdlly concentrated in tbetBolfnf Mexico, and apparently without unusual effort. It is especially to I connsels." be observed, that notwithstanding the union of sornnsidera- Washington. December 3.1 P-15, able t Torre, no art was committed that even the jealousy of ap irritated power could construe as enact of aggression ■ •nid that the commander nf die squadron, and his officers, in strict conformity with their instructions, holding them selves ever ready for the most active duty, hare achieved the still purer glory of contributing to the preservation of peace. It is believed that at ail our foreign stations the It is believed 'that similar looses and embarrassments will yi e ' ( ] w „(ficirnt revenue without further calls on the treasury continue t a occur, while the present system of leasing these a n( j wil |, ver y little change in the present rate, .it pns'age, lauds remains unchanged. Tiiese lands a re now under the Droper measures have been taken, ie pur-su.uu e o . Hat-I superintendence and care cf die War Department, with antof the third of March last, lor tite establishment of Ijties the ordinary duties ol which they have no proper or natural uf mail steamers between this and foreign countries, lbe connexion- I recommend the repeal of the present system, importance til this service commends itsell strongly to ta- aml that these lands be placed under the superintendence ■ vorahle consideration. and management of the General Land Office, as other puli-j With the growth ot onr country, the public business lie lands, and he brought into market and sold upon such which devolves on tlie heads nf the set era) Executive De- terms as Coagrrsnin their wisdom may prescribe, reserving partmenls h»3 greatly increased, lit smne respects, the dis- to the government an equitable per ventage uf th» gross trihtition of duties ntnnna them seems to be incongruous amount of mineral product, and limi tlie pre empiiuu priii- and Toaoy of theoc might he transferred from on. to another ciple be extended to retddent miners ami settlers upon them, ' w ; t h advantage to the public interests, A more auspicious at the minimum price which may he established by Con- j f or the consideration of this subject by Congress, with great, ^ I a view to system in the organization of the several depnrt- I ref ' you to tlie accompanying report of the Secretary of j ments. and a more appropriate divisi m uf the public lius't- War, I- information respecting the present situation of the r-es , will not probably occur. army, mid its opermtons during the past year: the state of | The most important duties of tj>e fbate Departtnentre- our defences; the condition of the public works; and our late to oar foreign affairs. Bv the ereat eidurceuv- ,nl °* .. . . . ,1 11 :. f am j|y„f nation*.the increase ofou<* commerce, ami the cor responding extension of our consular 5VRtem, the business of this department has been greatly increased. In it* pres ent organization, many duties of a domestic nature, and con- iiifftingAf details, are'devolvcf! on the Secretary of Stare, which do not appropriately belong to the foreign derart- meat of tbe £ nr ** r nment t n*nd may properly be tr-anafeaaed 10 some other depnr ment. One nf these grow* nut of the present state of the law concerning the Patent Office, which, a few years since, was a subordinate clerkship, hot ban be come a distinct bureau of great importance. With nn ?x- cellenr internal organiznt’on. It Is still connected with the State Department. In the transaction of Its business, ques tions of much importance to inventors.and to the communi ty, frequently arise, which, by existing laws, are referred for derision foa board, of which the Secretary cf Stale is n member. These questions are legal, and tite connexion which now exists between the Slate Department and the Patent Office, may, with great propriety and advantage, be transferred to the Attorney General. In Ins ln*t annual message to (’onjrres*. Mr. Mndisnn in vited attention to a proper provision for the Attorney Gen eral as an “important improvement in the executive estab lishment.” This recommendation was repeated by some of his successors. The official duties of the Attorney General hive been much increased within a few years.nnd his office has become one of great importance. IBs duties niay be still further increased with advantage to the public inter ests. As an executive officer, his residence and constant attentiou at the seat of government are required. Lcga questions involving important principles and large amounts! of public inonev. are constantly referred to him by the Pre sident and executive departments for his examination and decision. The public business under bis official manage ment before the judiciary has been so augmented by the ex tension of our territory, nnd the acts of Coneress authori zing suits against the United States for large bodies of val uable public lands, as greatly to increase his labors and re sponsibilities. I therefore recommend tlint the Attorney General be placed on thejsime footing’with the heads of the other executive departments, with such subordinate offi cers. provided by law for his department. **s may be requi red to disrliarpe the additional duties which have been or may be devolved upon him. Congress possesses the power of exclusive legislation ovei the District of Columbia, and I commend the interests of its inhabitants to your favorable consideration. The people of this District have no legislative body of their ) own, and must confide their local as well as their general interests to Representatives in whose election they have no voire and over whose official conduct they have no control. Each member of the National Legislature should oonrder himself as tbeir immediate Representative, and should be the more ready to give attention to their interests and wants because he is not responsible to them. I recommend that a liberal and generous spirit may characterise yonr meas ures in relation to them. I shall be ever disposed to show n proper regard for their wishes, and within constitutional limits, shall at all times cheer fit Ily co-operate w:th you for tlie advancement of their welfare. I trust it may not be deemed inappropriate to tbe occasion for me to dwell for a moment on the memory of the most eminent ciltzen of our country, who, during the summer that is gone by, lias descended to the tomb. The enjoy ment of contemplating, nt the advanced ngo of near four score years, the happy condition of his country, cheered the last hours of Andrew Jackson, who departed this life in the tranquil hope of o blessed immortality. His death was happy, as his life had been eminently useful. He had an unfaltering confidence in the virtue and cnpnuily of the people, and in the permanence of that free government which ho had largely contributed to establish nnd defend. His great deeds had secured to him the affections of his fellow-citizens, and it was his happiness t» witness the growth nnd glory of liis country which he loved so well.— He departed nm'dst the benedfetions of millions ot free men. The nation paid i»a tribute to Ida memory at bis tomb. Coming generations will learn from his example the love of country and the rights of man. In his language on a similar occasion to the present. <4 I now commend you, fr How-citizens, to the guidance of Almighty God. with full reliance nnTIis merciful ninwhlcnce for the maintenance of our free institutions; and with an earnest supplication that whatever errors it may be my lot to commit in dis charging tho arduous duties which hnve devolved on me. wHI find a remedy in the harmony nnd wisdom of vinii JAMES K. POLK. W. T. C4»l*<|i;iTT A A. I*. COIi^UlTT, WILL practice Law in the several counties ul the Flint Circuit. Office ov«c the store of Charles Day Jc Co.. Macon. W. T. Colquitt, Lagrange, A. fl. Col-^tJlTT, Mliyoi^ December 9, 1S|S. H tf PORTRAIT PmTim \V, My KI N N F t Y RUSSE L l. Portrait i* i» i niter, Macon, Gi:**k<ua. ived his room io the one directly over Win* tore. Cotton Avenue. Ladies ami (jentlcmt are respectfully invited to rail from (1 ami 12 A M.,an front II to2j P. M. Likenesses wart anted tu please. December ff. 1845. 11 l? Furniture and Chair*. H A iS l’Ot: ^ N IS H E T, Aitniiiit'K :it l.;uv, ma c j.\\ ci f:(i pc; /.-L r NTENDIJfQ tn devote tliemselrr. exulu^y-'u.i.v \o thprr prolritsiqn, >vill IVgularl.v attend liie Superior Cniir{«, pt Twigcs, Houston. Junes. Ilibb, Crn« fiord, Upson, Muttrup Pkrondllr Nov. 35, 184T). 0 lit Strong* X Wood, H AVE received by recent arrivals from Philadelphia iq addition t«* their former stork of Bouts and Shoes, Gents fine Call Water Proof Boots; •• French Calf Light “ Ladies fine Bronze Gaiter Boots, Half •• “ 44 Black and colored Gaiter Boots; 44 44 Kid Slippers and Walking Bhoea; Misses 44 Morocco aud 6eal Luce Bools, tlijpk ^oIps { 44 44 *’ 44 * 4 Buskins 44 Children** fine *• *• 4 Bo •!* •* 44 Black and colored Morocco ar.d ploth foxed Boots, thin soles. Also, various other kinds pf Boots and Shoes trade ex pressly for retail. q|[ of which they will offer at very mode rate prices and iqviie qll (hat wish to purchase to give them a cai!.sii*ri of the Big Boot, on Second street, opposite Gep M. Log.ii, & Co. December 9. 1845. 11 tf Every Body wauls llienn! W^OTATOES. Cabbages. Beets. Onions, JL Newark Cider. Cranberries, Apples in prime order. Canal and Buckwheat Flour, Maple Sugar—its licking good for Slapjacks, New Raisins, Figs, aud Mnlagu Grapes. Holt’s Cough Candy, tlie greatest article for colds yet inven ted. Forsa’eby C. A. ELLS. Macon. Dec.9—10—2t. 1 C\i w\7rLBS Swedes Irou. assorted size?. F«»r sale I «UUU by J. N. SEYA.0UP. November J8, 1845. 8 tf aveon hand and are constantly tnann- •ttnipnt of splendid ^Qniiture fan* g comprise- a parr, viz: Secretnriea Deski and Rock Cases: Dressing B u . irds. Urge assortment; Cr-ntre Tables M.dn^mj lop.*; Mahogany. Bi n k Walnut, Dining and Tea Tables; Maheg.-my sod Hurva- Candle. $iand$: Ckuartettn nrd Ladies Work Tables. Card: and Toi’et Table*; Sofa® and Divans; splendid Portrait and I'rann *.nf M»h**gnny, an.LGdt Lonkirg Glased pf. »»*«*; Looking Glass Plates; Ladies and Gentle, oriable Writing Desks; I ndies Work and Dress •s; a few pieces choice Carpeting very clieap^Chairs it every style, of Mahogany. Black Walnulv (furl ud igi'taiym ]^,,se \Vood; Rocking Chairs of vas^- s and p-ipf.rns which cannot fail to please: Connfer nml CunlMqplt 1 : Untie rival Stnyd*; PianoSlopIs Cribs, C r ad!**s. W’ash Stands. &c. «fcr . besides a good assortment pf splendid Mahogany. Bbick. Waliipt. Cherry, OUrl, plain Maple, French high and I -w Post, {.’slept \Vi»id!as«s. Park ing Ivutoin. dlst. Screw and Cord Bedsteads, all of the tpo*; fashionable style; Curled Hair, Couon pud Matrasses. FKATHEltd and FEATHER BEDS; Feathers ren- ovalcd to Manufacturer* f«»r sale; Mahogany Furniture Trimmings, and Superior Copal Varnish; Undertaking iq, fl!I ftj branches iiersunally allpirirrf t«*. WOOD & BRADLEY. N. B. Old furniture repaired and varnished with neat*, ness ami dispatch. Remember the old stand on Mulberry street,opposite the Washington Hall. W. A: lfc, December 9, 1845. 11 if Window Siiadc*. QAD MO BE ofi those splendid tran^puaent V.'iiid'.iw Shades, just received nnfllor >n!/. a groat variety of style,. £ BRADLEY. Maeou. Dec. 8. 18j^ ' XI 4t (Lr* Messenger ropy. I UIBCB. / f.li 4, 1S45. ’ J, On €:o£i*!gnmcnt, 10 BALES Domestics; Dec. 9—10—tf. J. II QBEAlk Bananav, 1 71 ROM the subscriber in Randolph county, Georgia. on the 4 J5th iust., two White Boys, one about 13 and the other about 11 years old. the forint r named GBKEN Ellekdle and the other Robert Castle BE it U\i 'he lar gest boy had on a silk hat, and Kentucky jeaus truck cqa:, the other had on a woolen homespun dark colored frock coaf, and straw hat. Information of sg]4 boys, ^’ill be thankfully rpppi^p*! by letter, or other means, at Cqthbert, Randolph county, Geor gia. and a liberal compensation paid for the apprebe Dsion of the first mentioned boy, or both together with the ‘nforma- tion where he or they may be found, by the father ofthe first mentioned boy. iiiuv x? i TvuutM? Cuthbert, Dec. 9, 1845. JOHN ELLERBEE. I 1 ft* IVTOTICE.—The subscriber having taken Mr. Gibbons J. 1 M. Taylor into co-partnership, gives notice, that the bu siness will hereafter be conducted under the name of Fat ten & Taylok. G. PATTEN. November 27,1845. io 1 1ST of Letters remaining in the Post Office a: Macon JLi Qa., December 1st. 1845. Anderson, Jr n John Kinsey, Miss J DcCKRBf.1 UEGULA.R M.K£T LN£. Present—The Mayor, AM Rons. VV#us. Bond. Defines. Absent—Collijis, Graves, Den ton, IfjFamJfe. The minutes of the k»t meeting f***re tend and confirm©!. The Bridge Keeper reported tolls fi»r the week ending November Uli, and f^;hc week ending this day $1U7 (5*2. Several bills for expense at the Hospital with a case of small pox, v/as fvlerrerd ti the tiiiaiifec nnniitee A c«*mplah)P of Capt. Ib-lmes in regard to a ditch lately cuj aefoti^ Third -treet, was refened to the street cotnuiii- tpp. Coupe:!then adjourned. Attest. A. R. FREEMAN C C. n.r we man Council Drren.l autininzt-ci to aunounro A. It. KRKK a cauditlalit :ur Ol<;rk atui Treasure! uf tlie City ■r». IS*5. XI .4 DYER TTSEMEIV TS. hon ir of our flag has been maintained, and that generally ourihips of war have been distinguished for their good dis. I cip ine and order. I am happy to add. that the display of ma iliine force which was required by the events of the sum ner. has been made wholly within the usoa 1 appripri* alio is for the service of the year, so that no additioual ap propriations are renuired. The commerce of the United States and with it the navi gating interest, hare steadily and rapidly increased since the organization of our government, until, it is believed, we are now second to but one Pawer in the world, and at no distant day we shall probably be inferior to none. Exposed HOROLOGY. TnE SUBSpnjBER W OULD respectfully inform tlie ritizons of Macon, nrd the adjacent counties, that lie has recentlv supplied himself will* an excellent slock of Watch tnaienals from tlie importers in 'jew V,f)j. a;i,1 is no;v prepaie<l to repair Watches nnij Clocks of rvpry description, in the best prali ne,* and on the most rensonah!e terms. All Watches entrusted tn bis care will receive his person and t! *. as die fairest t be i npnxM. »y .11 arli<-Ies are taxed nccnnlinp • «ho»a which are ol inferirr qualt , ' iv the just proportion ofthe lx with those which «,e oftti- • irior quality nr greater cost. The articles consumed by 1 ill arc taxed nt tlie a .u.e rate. A system of n.l rnlorev, rev- enur duties, with proper tliscrinnnsti ms slid proper guards attains! nods in collecting them, il is not doubted, will nf- ford ample, ir.riJenlnl advantages to tlie manufacturers, and .enable them l» derive as great profits as can he derived frt in any other regular business. I; is believed *hat such s sss- tein. strictly within the revenue standard, will place the Btanufacturing interest t on a stable footing, and inure to their permament advantage; while it will, as nearly as may be practicable, extend to all the great interests of the country the incidental protection which can he afforded bv out rev puue law.. Such a system, when onee firmly established, would be perinanrtM. sud not be subject to the constant coin- inis. sgiistinns. snd changes which must ever occur, hen duties ara not 'aid for revenue, bul for the ‘protection •r.U " of a favored interest. terprise and perseverance of tlje hardy pio- i neers of tie West, who penetrate tbe wilderness witli their families, suflier the dangers, ibeprivations, and hard ships at ten dins the settlement of a new country, and pre pare the way (or the body of emigrants, who. iu the course or a few years, usually follow them, that we are, in a great degree, indebted fur the rapid extension and aggrandize ment of ournountrv. Experience has proved that no portion nf our population are more patriotic titan the hardy and brave nten of the rentier, nr more ready t» obey the call of their country, an | to defend her rights and her honor, whenever and by whatever enemv ass tiled. They should he protected frrm the frasisaf speculator, nnd secured, at lbe minimum price of the public lands, in dm humble homes which they have improved by their labor. With this end in view, a!! vexa tious or unnecessary restrictions imposed upon them bv tlie existing pre eruption law s, should be repealed or mod ified. ft is the true policy of the government to afford fa cilities to its citizens to heceme the owners ofi small portions of our vast public domain allow and moderate rates. The present system of innnaginpthe mineral lands of the United States : s beliewen to be radically defective: More than n tnilli m of acres of the public lanes, supposed to con tain lead and oilier minerals, have been reserved from sale, nnd numerous leases upon them have been granted to indi viduals upon a stipulated renr. The system of granting lenses bus proved to be not only unprofitable to the govern ment, but unsatisfactory to the citizens who have gone upon the lands, and must. *if continued, lay the foundation of much future difficulty between the government and the les sees. According to the official records, the amount of rents received by the government for the years 1841, 1842,1843, and 1844, was six thousand three hundred and fifty-four dollars nnd seventy-four cents, while the expenses of the rvstMn during the same period, including salaries of super* intendents, agents, clerks, and incidental expenses, were twenty-six thousand one hundred and eleven dollars and ns they must be. it has been a wise policy to afford to these ( al attention and be warranted to perforin to the satisfaction of tuportaat interests protection with our ships of war. dial rib- l ^ ,e owner, or the money refunded All kinds of Jewelry uted in the great highways of trade throughout the world.— neatly tepaired. Hold and Silver wprk made to order. For more than thirty years appropriations have been made. I a * so cffl ll the attention ofthe public to ms new and annually expended, for the gradual increase of our na* I ***** °l \k otches, Jewelry Silver Plated and Brtttanpia vnl forces. In peacn, our navy pot forms tbe important dntv " al J* an< G nf) ds. embracing almost 8J , * er y article of protecting our commerce: and, in the event of war, wiil usually found in b» )me, all cf which will be sold at the very be. as it has been, a most efficient means of defence. \ totcesl prices. p _ r ,, . P , . . - . , i. Also, just received a largg lot of Brass L/Iocks, Lorn tne The successful use of steam navigation on the ocean naa • - - - - most celebrated manufacturers. All of which arp tested by the subscriber, and warranted to perform well, for sale low, by the case or single, ot his New Store, in the New Brick Block, Easlside of Mulberry Street, opposite Ins old staud. C. K. WENTWORTH. Watch Maker *J* Jetcclfcr. Macon, Nov. 24,1845. 9 tf been followed by lbe introduction of war-steamers in great and increasing numbers into the nayies of the principal mar itime Powers of the world. A due rggar4 to pur own safe ty and to an efficient protection tn our large and increasing commerce demands a corresponding increase on oor part. No country has greater facilities for the construction of ves sels of tills description than ours, or can promise itself grea ter advantages fiom their employment They are admira* transmission of intelligence, and to the coast defence. In [NEW MIUNAAY & DRESS-MAKING. pursuance of this wise policy ofi a gradual increase of our MllS. F. DESSzVU &S{STEIl, navy, large «U|(plics ofltve oak timber and other materials I have opened at llieir residence on for ship building, have been collected, and are now under I 3Sji^^Mulberrystreetovt*rJi;hiiL.Jones' shelter and in a slate of good preservation, while iron slca-1 j/SA Store, ,i fasliionnble MlLINAHY* mere can lie built with great facility in various parts nf the I JF'*- AND DRESS M AK1NG.E.STAB Union. The use of iron as a material, especially in the coo I ^4^- LISHMENT, where they will struetion of steamers, which can enter with safely many ofi I lmppy to receive orders f.oij) tlip L a the harbors along our coaxt now inacessible to vessels of U dies. Tltey have also opened an in greaterdrauglit and the practicability of constructing them I C* voice of the richest nnd latest styles in the interior, strongly recommends that liberal appropria- of Bonnets, Head Dresses. Feathers, Artificials, Ac. <lcc, tions should be made for this important object. Whatever lioungts and Dt esses made tn order after the newest fash inay hav. been our policy in the earlier stages of tbe gr.r- I ions, which they will fefejve from their correspondents ev- erntnen'. when the nation was in its infancy, our shipping ery month. interests aud coinmeicecomparatively small, our resources They solicit the patronage ol tlie Lndies, and promise to limited, our population sparse ,r,d scarcely extending be- give full satisfaction to llieir patronesses, yond tbe limits of tbe original thirteen States, that policy | N. *J. Waists cut and fitted must be essentially different now that we have grown Irotn Macon, Nov. 4,1S45. three to more than twenty millions of people—that our com merce, carried in our own ships, is found in every scj. and that our territorial boundaries anil settlements have been so greatly expanded. Neither our commerce, nor our long line of coast on tlie ncenn nnd oil the lakes, can be success fully defended against foreign aggression by means of forti fications alone. These are essential at important commer cial and militury paints, but our chief reliance for this ob ject must bg on a well organized, efficient navy. The bene fits resulting fietn such a navy are not confined to the Al- lanticSlates. Tlie productions of tlie interior which seek a I them with a call. market abroad, are directly dependent on the safely nnd As ws come to Macon, strangers we sha'I expettt to oh frteiloni_ of our commerce. The occupation of the jfalize | min a reputation by tlie neatness ami durability nfourope. DENTISTRY. LQTIIS.4KI) Ar PU'IIVA.M, DEN T ISTS, {From Western Netc York.) W OULD say to tlie citizens of Macon nml vicinity, that they are now established at the Flotd House, here they will be happy to wait upon those who may favor below New Orleans by a hostile *orce would^etxibafross, if i rations; and by fprmer experience and the tmj.ny late jm- not stagnate, tlie whole export ttade of the Mississippi, and J provements in the profession we have no fears tit warrant- offipettbe value of the agricultural products of the entire I jug entire satisfaction to any availing themselves *f our alley of that ipigluy river and its tributaries. I professional services. It has never been our policy to maintain large standing J Natural teeth in the first stages of disease can be prevent- armies in time of petce They are contrary to the genius 1 ed from farther decay, by filling wi h pure gold, end arlifi- of our free institutions, would impose heavy burdens on the J >2tul teeth inserted on pivot or fin.e gold plate, iff a manner as people, Mid be dangerous to public liberty. Our reliance | to be seldom noticed by the strictest observer for protection and defence on the land must be mainly on our citizen soldiers, wjio will ever be ready, as they ever have been ready in times past, to rush with alacrity at the call of their country to her defence. This description of force, however, cannot defend ourcoast, harbors, a ml inland seas, nor protect our commerce on the ocean or the lakes.— The^emust be protected by our navy, Teeth necessary to be extracted will be taken out with Chevalier’s late improved forceps, and in every instance warranted not to fracture or in any way injure lbe jaw. We shall be happy to receiye calls from any wishing ad vice io regard to the disease? of the tnuuth, and to such no charge will be made. Ladies calling at the •'private entrance’' of the Floyd Considering an iocrensed naval force, and especially of I House will be rgadily shown to our Rooms, team vesrels corresponding with our growth and impor— I * AnpIicQtJo/is in regard to advice. wiB Lr sauce as a nation, an 1 proportioned tu th.e increased and ins residences (if icqnested) free of charge, tcreasing naval power <»f other nations, of vast importance a j Macon, November 27,1*81“ regards our safety, and tbe great and growing interests to be protected by it. I recommend tbe subject to the favora Me consideration of Congress. The report of the Postmaster Genera! herewith cominu uica-ed contains a detailed statement of the operations of his departments during the past. year. It will be seen that the 10 tf NEW GOODS JUST UEUEiyED zVT E. WOOPBUFF’S. fi^HE subscriber would respectfully inform his custo- -M- mgr* and all wishing to purchase Dry Goods that he has Abbott, IBrs. Sarah Atwell. P. P. Alford. Axim Andrews, Hon. Garnet Amasqn, Warren I£i' za beih A. Adams, Janies Avant, Lewis S. Bulb, Jesse &. Brown, Charles W. Bledsoe, Miss. Sarah 2 Burnett, Mrs Martha G Bishop, Greer Bond, Mrs. Sophia Barnes, L. H. Barron, Green Bartlett, Jesse Bartee, Jesse Bear, Charles Blankenship Thus. Bowden, Vincent Beuzly, Allen Bowen. Geo. W Beckwith, Amos N Beeks, VVm. A Barnet, Charley Brandy* John H Brown, Miss Eliza J Bracy, Sarah Bennett, Miss Ann O Beethelot, Jno. F BrantJy, Miss Sarah R Bivins, Rolen ” Bishop, Mis. Levi tha Butler, Miss Elizabeth C Beermat) A Camel Miss Eliza E Crittenden, L Carson, M rs. S T Clark, Joint Cooper, J H 2 Chesnul Uriah Calhoun, Seaborn Qobb, Jesse Cooper, N J W M Cox, Haywood Craft, George Church, S. P. Comb, Miss Lucinda Conolies, James CtflVy. James Carver, Mr. Crawford, Miss Sarah L Chandler, B Clendennin, Mrs R |i 3 Cherry, T Coleman, Mrs. Mary B Cook, Mrs. Martha A Cook, Win. A Chapman, W W Chapman, Ambrose Coxwrll. Pitt Cnlhogn, Ex Judge Clark, LiBtebpjry Curry, Wm. Cunningham, Robert Calhoun, Miss Emeline Davis, Benjamin Dickson, Joint Dari*, Mrs. C E D«»ylp, John Davis, W J Daniel Miss C Dodd. Rev. C 3 Dickson, Josinli Druwhorn, iVin Duncan, Levin Davis, James M Ftewelieu, Miss A 2 Fort, Mrs. B A Fagg.PJ Freeman. Miss 11 Fickling, Mrs C Gilbert, J C Glass, John D Green. Jno. 2 Gerald, Mia. 3usan Green, Wm Griffin A Purse Griffin, W tn c Gentry, l’leasont. Gray, Mrr. Luveinge Goilt’rex, Mrs. Nancy Hunt, \V W Higluower. Mrs. M Harris, z\lfre<l Howard, H H Haf'er, Joint A Hightower. Witj. Haeeity. Win. ji Hunt jno. ‘ Hannan, A K. Hawfield. J zV I{ul,cl)kUs. t'uni'l. Il Hues, Wm Ilubbs, Mrs Martlia Iluichinson, E 5 Henry. John lline, James Harris,Miss Emily Hill. Charles Hanlv. Joint income from postage* will fall short of the expenditures for j us t r.ceivad a fine assortment of bl'k. satin stripe silk, bl'k. tbe year between one and two millions of dol ars. Thisde-J watered witli satin stripe.light and dark fancy col'cl do.sea, ficife'ncy has been caused by the reduction ofi the rates of ( l e j Florence do for lining; silk velvet ribbon of all col's, fin postage, which was made by the set of the third of March trimming dress; calicoes, some entirely new patterns and last. No principle has been more generally acquiesced in | very handsome; 13-4 bleiclied and brown sheeting; bl’k by the people than that this department s hould sustain itsei | white and slate col'd. hose, green baize; bl'k. cord arid tas hy limiting its expenditures to its incenie. Congress lias I sals, mazarine and light blue kid gloves; fine legliotn bon never sought in make it a source of revenue for general pur- nets. T| ]e above articles together with the large stock be poses, excef*. for a short period during thejlast war with had before on hand, arc now offered at a small advance. Great Britain ; nor should it ever become a charge on the N. B. 100 ps. mous. de. laines and carbmeres, Irom 1SJ general treasury. If Congress shall adhere to tins princi- «» 50 cts. per yard, some very fine nnd pretty; also 200 9 4 pie, as I tliii k they ought, it will be necessary either to blankets at any price to suit the purchaser. Tlie above curtail the present'mail service, so ns to reduce the expen- goods were purchased on advantageous terms, and must be ditures, or so to mod ify the act of the third or March list as | »°.1'1- All who wish to get the full value of their money to improve its revenues. Tbe extension of the mail service, wi H *1° well to call befoie purchasing elsewhere, at the 2d and tn. additional facilities which will be demanded by the J door from W asbington Hall, ou Second street, rapid extension and increase of population on our western I Macon December 2, 1845. 10 tf Hill, Robert J Hunter, H A Hanley, M ichaf] Hamine'sly Mr*. M Inslee, Wfn Jes.sup, Isaac Jarvis, Miss E A Jones, Geo. W Jamil, L F Johnson W C Jones, Cintliia .lines. Evin Johnson, Joshua Kibbe, Win 2 K itebins, Miss E J Persons calling for any ofthe above letters, will pie state that they dre advertized. W. G. SMITH. V At Decetubex 2,1843. 10 Kitebins, Charles ^ Logan, \Vm M Leland. Dr. A W Lowe. Win. H Lowe. Mrs. E T Leigh, Henderson Lamar. Miss Sarah E Lowe, William Lambuson, Tenses 2 Lumpkin, F M Lowe, Capt. John Lowe. James S Leddon, A Alitchell. Benjamin Mallies, Edward Morris. Jno C 2 Marfes. Rev. K T Mitchell, C T * More, Miss C«irolif;a McArthur, 3aij)'l McDonald, R R 51ason, M Myrick, Jamps McDanjel. 6 \f Murray, purarit Mitchell, Mjss Margar^ Mitchell, Mrg AJ Molsby, Johjj Mitche.l. Levin Morris, W H* Mclver, Mr Morg.'m, E T Miller, Edwin J McGraw, Allen J McGraw Bezekisi) McArthur, Allen Martin, Micager Mitchell, H W Parker <fc Co. N P Pettis.John Patterson, J Payne, James H or 2 PntcJjpll, jujpes J { Pope.M»s. Mqrv ji Peeples, Uepry^ PJiiJ;m, Michael Parrott, James Parker, Wm. P peck, Edwin Pgrrow, W tq George Parker, Anderson Peck‘nioQ, Jc Co, Parker. J sines Kosst}, Jijcob Robinsqn, Wjj). Robinson, j^dpnr) Randolph, Mis. Marv J Rainey, Isham Hav ley, Abner Rol i ijon, John Richardson, Johp S Root, Mrs. R T Randal, Thc.s. Fiinford. Mr#. Anp i*bel!, \Vm. B 2 flatter, Miss Martha Sage, Mrs. Mary Beef. G W 3*oti, Rev. J J 3miih, Geo. W 2 Skipper, Jacob Shear, Wm Sievpna. Rev. S L 4 Stiles, Joseph Sherman, J udy Smith, lohn Smith, Win. Smith, Martha J Smith George Stubbs, A P Sqqiies, Wm. Shirley, Thos. Slibbs. Edwin Sims, Mrs Eliza Sexton Jno. Sallmarsli, ——- Schofield, John S Thompson, Wm. B 4 Tow, M G Trotter, Thos. R Tate, M L Turman. R Q Taylor, H Tharp, V D Tharp, Vincent Tin ley, Miss Martha Tiem, Wm. B Tharp, Rev. C D Wright, Mrs Mary 2 Williams, V L Watkins, L A Waddell. Rev. J Wood. C J Wilder, Mrs. Margaret Wood, Amos Wright. Miss Martha Wells, David (Ward, Uriafi Wiif/jt.A A Ward. Miss Sarah Williams, Patty Woodson. Jno. Whatts, Reuben Wood, James Wise, Wm White, Wm R Wright. Hemy Wish, Win Walker, Mrs. C E Washington, 3ar«b A Woods, Thos. Wilson, Wm. C Young, Win. A Young, Miss Martlm 2 Young. Lucius A rEpmUli It. K. A- ISK’Gt L'O.; riAYANNAir. Dec. 3. 1845. j T I , U® annual election for nine Dirertms t« innnace the I siffaifs of this ifislitntMui. wiil be held at the Banking House in this city, ou Monday the 5:h of January next, be tween the hours of 9 A. M and 2 V- M. Rv order. GEO, X 1SULLOCII, Cash'r. December 9. 1845. 1 1 4 t ‘~Patten & Taylor, n AVB just received and are now opening a well select ed assortment of DRY GOODS, among which are- Fancy and F urn it u re Prints; 44 Dark Gingham*; Casdtiqej-es, Cash. d’Ec«sso- Mouselaip de ^aines^, Plaid, Striped and Fancy Silks; Bk*ck G;o- ds Swi§§, Lqsirii^ r.ad Smcjicp.-; 44 Satin Aprons, very rich; A finea^wrtineut of Shawls, Fcaey Ha.id kerchiefs and Scarfs; Bonnet. Can and Neck Ribbons; Plain Tafftta Latliesand Gents best French KfJ and TI. S. Gloves; 44 Black Qp4 vyhite Silk Gfove^and Mitt? 8 ; 41 While and colored Silk, Cotton and Wool Rose;. Black. White and Fancy Silk Girdles; Thread, Lisle, Victoria, end Bobinette Lat es; Jaconet and Swiss Muslin Edgings and Insertings; Revigr, Hemstitched and Bordered L. C. Handkercliie&r Lace and French Worked Collars, Chemisettes, Grass Cloth and corded Skirts, French Skirts; Sijk Worsted and Colton Fringes; Gents. Black and Fancy Italian C.*avat$; Fine Irish Linens aud Lawns; Swist, Jaconet, and Mull Muslins; Lace striped and cross barred •• Cambrics, Bishop Lawn, Giuips; Fine Linen Table Diaper; 44 44 Birds-eye *• 44 44 Towels, Crash, Black Silk and Tabby Velvets. Gents.Merino and Cotton Shins and Drawers;: Plain and figured Bombazines and Alpacpas; $u| erior Black Drop D’Etc; Zephyr Worsted, tul colors; White and colored FlatmeL; Brcwn and black’d Canton 44 f4 ft Shirtings and Skeetiugj; Apron Checks, Ttckir^gs. Drijliogxj ' Plain and fancy Casstmeres; Sauineis. Linaeys. Kerseys; Plains; Kentucky Jeans; Duffil ami Rose Blankets, £lc., Ac. Macon, pec. 9, T&45. tf tf Groceries, S T. Cro*x, Pofto Rico, Muscovado and New Or!ean§ Sugars, Woolsey tjnd best steam refined Loaf and crushed Sugars; Rio, Cuba. 3t. Domingo. Java, and Mocha Coffee; Hyson.young Hyson and Gunpowder Green Teas; Powcboug nqd Oclong, best black ,4 New Orleans and West 'ndia Molasses; Otard, Dnpuy & Co., and Sugnitte’s Brandy; Best Holland ami Swan Gin; Choice Old Port, Madeira and Champagne Wince; Genuine old Havar.na and Principe Cigars; Sperm Candles, Starch, Soap. Powder and Shot; Best M. R. Raisins in boxe atrd half boxes fresh: Mackerel, Cod Fish, Chewing and Smirking Tobacco; Pepper. Spices, Cloves, Nutmegs. Cassia, Szc. &c. Ac.; Just received by PATTEN A TAYLOR. Macon Dec. 9. 1845. II tf Flour. 50 BULS. Cana! Flour. Just received. December 9, 18-15. J. H. OBEAR.. 11 tf Fresh Halagra Fruit. 1 flTfk HALF and Quarter Boxes Raisins, received*.to«* lW day-' J. H. OBEAR. December 9* 1845. 11. tf; Apple*. BBLS. ‘'choice" Kusseiis. Just received. J. H. OBEAR. December 9, 1845. 11 tf Cranberries. FEW Bbis. received to day, December 9,18-J5. J. H. OBEAB. 11 if Sperm Candle*. BOXES Snertn Caudles, on consignment. Jr H. OBEAR. December 9,1?45. it tf 50 J. If. OBEAR. 11 if Potato?*. 25 HliffS. Potatoes. De-ember 9,1S45. Butter. 12 KEGjS Pnnie Northern Butter, o*: consignment. December 9, 1845. J. H. DBEAR. 11 if Fresh Sage. JITil PAPERS just received bv GEORGE PAYNE. Druggist under Fined House. Macon. Dec 9, 1845. [j. ct- Pulaski Superior ComI, October T> i tn, 1 t-li. iJOOt. [copy NUTK.] Ha\vkinsvii.lk, Feb. 25, 1837. Pour Months after date tee promise to pay to the or. dcrof Daniel MaUhctcs, Four Thousand and Four Dol. lars at the liankuf Harr tan s vitlc.for value rcccird. .'/.IN. A- WILLIAM GERMA.W, Endorsed—Daxiki. Matthkivs. T. H Hot'Cti, Dela-. MAIi ClaTToN; (pay J. JlEVVA.NS, Casb't. ot order,) ijCOTT (IltAr. Agent. I T being represented to the Court, that the copy no;* alcove described and sworn tu (by Johti Neal.) is a copy in substance nt an original which is lost; and it further ap pearing that Thomas H. Hough, an endorser on said origi nal note, left the State wi.hin six years after the date ofsaid note, aud lias not since returned; that all the parties there to, except Daniel Matthews, resides out of the State. Jt isqrdgred, That all the parties to said note shew cause on the 1st day ol the next term of this Court if any they have, why thy sairj copy should not he established in lieu cf the original so lost; ami that thi*. rule be personally servrd on tlie parly .lo be found in the State, and also published iu. some uu hi; e gazette in this. {State for three mouths before i;i* uexttcr/n of this Court. JOHN RUTHERFORD. PUT*. Att*y. A true extract from the minutes ofthe Court, this Oc tober 1843. JOHN V. MITCHELL, c. s c. December 9, 1815 JJ 3m (Borgia, Morn or county. T ^HE parties interested who reside out ofsaid State, nre hereby notified that Davis and Ins wile Milly Davis, formerly Milly Moore, widow of John Moore, de ceased, of said county, will apply at ijje next term of tha Suj eri<»r Court to be held on the first and second Mondays in Man fi next, for said county, lot tbe assignment of tne dower of ihe said Millv in the lands lying in said county whereof the said John Moare died, seized BO: P, TRIP PE, Attorney for Applicants. Dece*)b£r 9, 1845, ll Jt* 1