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THE &EOH& ()I jVISIl H. PRINCE. VOL. II. \Q. 14. —PUBLISHED WEEKLY— 10 cl i t o r <& Propriet'o. MACON, TUESDAY MORNING, DECEMBER 30, {845. \V r | If c/i IV FT11 o dd i nno v v is. - x 1 _-*s .ilPj *v the GEORGIA TELEGRAPH, ,, pobi-isheu every Tuesday morning by O. H. PRINCE, T THREE dollars per annum. t Y J* A Ji l A B I' Y_I X A D VAN C E ..p^TISEMEXTS are inserted at SI fn’rtbe first insertion, and 3i> cent, pei . iherenlter. OO per square for ssddj* ^'Xlc deduction will be made to those wbo stiver- ^les of L ANUS, by Administrators. Execu- .jjsrdisns. are required by law, to be held on the «**'* dav in the month, between the hours often in the first T# e * J t hree in the afternoon, at ihe Court-house, in (jW ,iSon, • vehich the land is situated. Notice of these ,be -; v( . n | n a public gazette SIXTY DAYS pre- s.!«* ,0 *L ,i«y of saie. rissttat" must be made at a public auction Sii**. * ( j s y of the month, between the usttal h >urs ,a the fi r , 1 , 0 f pnblic sales in the county where the ,f sale-»t I** of Administration or Guardianship, !r«rr.nftM'» m ' n ” l r ' Jt first giving SIXTY DAYS notice hs»e tKr “'J. . nu v,ijc gazettes ofthis Stale, and at the tkrreof.tu bou«e. where such sales are to beheld. ,)»nr of the Court-. cp eri0 **l Property must be giTenin Xotice for *'** Y - previous to the day of sale, like manner, h »»» 1 I < a j-editori of an estate most be Kuiiseiothe Debtor, sad U. ^ l‘•aiiiin will mills to Ul6 CoorT of Or- j devoted to the businc-,--.. nil uiucio pivinpinr mcmitu iu. 9otitf0tli«t ■ LA v Dt m ust be published for • Advances will be made on Cotton in store, lie solicits the patronage Qf his friends and the public. *0uR M 0 . 1 it wponnirs nm.l be nnbli.bed Very ReSPeCtfull V, \V. T. WILSON. Macon. October 14. 1345. 3 tf WAUfi-JJOUSE. _ THK undersigned will continue the f" 7 J? WARE HOUSE AffP COMMISSION Nv,,.!;., ,-SW BUSINESS, at the stand occupied by fi g,/’ tbem for the last two years an.i formerly '■~r . ucrupied by E. A T. N.BelL TheyhaVC also rented another Ware-House in a retired part of the city, and near the one they occupy, and which from its location will probably be as safe from fire as any in the city. They solicit the patronage of their friends and the public, and pledge their constant personal attention to the business. OU5LEY A JEWETT. Macon, July 15.1845. 42 Cm WINN & SEYMOUR, WAREHOUSE .f- COMMISSION MERCHANTS Macon, Georgia. . -j THE underpinned having fnrmrd a co- 7 ^ jfi pattnerthip ;r, ti e above business, would I ^ inform their friends and the public, that } V they " id be prepared for the reception of ^SIwS - Cotio:,. early in the coming sesson Our Ware House is conveniently situated on Poplsr and Sec ond street*. near Ji bn If. field's Ware House. We promise in the snle of Colton to u.e our best exer tions to obtain the highest market, and shall at all times con sult the interest of those who entrust their business with us. All orders from custotnera will meet with prompt attention. Advances will be made on Cotton, in store, at customary rates. We hope by our exertions to give entiresatisfaction to all who may favor us with their business JOH I). WINN. JOSEril X. SEYMOUR. September 2, 1845. 49 4m WILLIAM T. WILSON, WARE HOUSE .{• COMMISSION MERCHANT Macon, Georgia. ^ w THK undersigned having rented the % \"" \ ^ Ware-Hnufe recently occupied by J. H. occupied pgt'^r^ : H06S.(nearly opposite Mr. j. M. Field’s ! C Ware-House.) is prepared to receive Cot- j - tiutrfc ton in Store. His personal attention will be sines*. All orders promptly attended to. IV .E W GOODS JUST RECEIVED AT E. WOODRUFF'S. jusireceived a tme assortment ofbl x. satin stripe s watered with satin stripe, light and dark fancy eol’d.do. scar let Florence do for lining; silk velvet ribbon of ail col’s for 1 trimming dress; calicoes, some entirely new patterns and very handsome; 12-4 bleached and brown sheeting; bl’k w hite and slate col'd. hose, green baize; bl’k. cord and tas sels. mazarine and light blue kid gloves; fine leghorn bon nets. The above articles together with the .large slock he bad before on hand, are now offered at a small advance. K. B. 100 ps. moua. de. laines and cashmeres, irom 18} to 50 cts. per yard, some very fine and pretty; also 200 9-4 I blankets at any price to suit the purchaser.* The .above goods were |ui icliased on advantageous terms, and must be sold. All who wish to get the full value of their money will do well to call befote purchasing elsewhere, at the 2d door from Washington Hall, ou Second street. Macon December 2.1845. 10 tf R E-P O R T OF THE SECRETARY OF THE TRItfASuine. (CONCLUDED ) V- , -e for leave m sell NEGROES must be published fOUR MONTHS, before any order absolute abail be ,<,.rean by the Court. , , r ratios* for letters of Administration, must be publish- for dismission from administration, month- ,iit iasfAs—l*» r dismission from Guardianship, forty ttsiEi for the foreclosure of Mortgage must be published “ it. for fan r monlh»—for establishing Inst pitpers./or Zf.il ips'cr of three month'—for compelling tijtles from tr.ij.nrs or Aliministralors. where a Bond has been given t l x .^\Wce"eA.the full'pace of three month*. \ ■. t j rsMtcattons will always be continued according to tljese, requirements.unless otherwise orderra: RF«ITTANCE3 BY MAIL.—‘A postmasterrasy en- Aw m.nev in s letter to the publisher of a newspaper, to ... tk , IU |,’,nription of a third person nnd frsnk the letter tf r/r-cn [ir liimsclf.”—Amo* Kendall. P. M. O. rc/3 aSa ss iyh, r„liionnblc Ores, .linking KstnI»Ii»hutent. MulUrry Street, over John I.. Jont»’ Store. Orfr-sf.tr DRESSES. RIDING-HABITS. *. Ac. exe- j cutel in ike latest and most fashionable styie, and at the : ■hortewt notice. T»vr. COLQUITT sC- A. !*. COLQUITT, V1LL practice Law in the several counties of the Flint Circuit. O.Ice over the store of Charles Day hi Co„ Macon. W. T. Colquitt. Lagrange. A. H. Colquitt, -Macon. Dft-etnber 9.1845. 11 tf ■"jPOKTItAlT PAINTING. W. McKINNEY RUSSELL. Parlrnil Painter, Macon. Georoia. TTAS removed hia room lo tha O • directly over Win- ll ship'.store.Cotton Avr nadiea and Gentlenten ire respectfully invited to call tr<»m 11 and 12 A. M.,autl fnw 1( m -Jj f*. M. Likeneasea warranted to please. December d, lt?45. NOTICE. THE subscriber having bought out the I stock of Joint J. Jones, consisting of Car- ' riages, Harness. Saddles. Carriage and Harness Trimmings. Ac. Ac., begs leave to inform the public that he wi'l sell on > terms to suit the times, he is prepared to build or repair Carnages on snort notice in a neat ano workmanlike manner at re duced prices. A share of patronage is respectfully solicited. H. P. WESTCOTT, At the stand formerly occupied by John J. Jones. August 18. 1845. 46 tf ilflacoM Carriage Depositsry. wjjj BETWEEN the Floyd House and j Aew Hooks! iYciv Hooks! AT BOARDMAN’S. St gat of the Large Bible. •‘Indian Side" of Mulberry Street, Macon. THE subscriber has just received a large supply of Books J. suited to the approaching season, comprising all the popular and approved Annuals, which wili, he is confident, ; be f.uod superior in design and execution to those of any previous year; also, an extensive assortment ol illustrated : works of a less epltcmeral nature, equally well sailed to the j wantsof the “gay and gallant." and pleasing to the fair and refined. Nor aietlie wants of ‘-the man of elegant l.-isure” I overlooked; Ac will find on the table, the -‘Table Tall” of j the scholar and the critic, and “Bubbles from the Brunuen,” | as “sparkling and bright” as those of Champagne; -‘words | that burn’' upon Burns cooled by breathings “from the shad, 1 ow of Mont Blanc,” with other dainties tempting to all tastes not even forgetting (hose who deem the “oblivious nap” the | last luxury ol those “who bravely dare to dine.” It would | be useless to attempt an enumeration, nr descant upon the varied beauties so abounding; besides, it might defeat the ob ject, as some might jbe satisfied with n glowing description, and forget to call and see for themselves. J. M. BOARDMAN. November 25.1845. • 9 6t HOROLOGY. - THE SUBSCRIBER UKTOlUiD respectfully inform the citizens of Macon, ard V T the adjacent counties, that he has recentlv supplied himselfwith an excellent stock of Watch materials from the importers in New York, and is now prepared to repair Watches and Clocks of every description, in the best tran ne.- and or. the most reasonable terms. All Watches entrusted to his care will receive his person al attention and be warranted to perform to the satisfaction of the owner, or the money refunded All kinds of Jewelry neatly tepaired. Gold and Silver work made ui order. He would also call the attention of ihe public to liis new stock of Watches, Jewelry Silver Plated and Brittannia Ware, and Faucy Goods, embracing almost every article usually found in his line, all of which will be sold at the very hires! prices. . Also, just received a large lot of Brass Clocks, fiom the Washington Hall, and opposite Mr. George j mist celebrated manufacturers. All of which are tested by - - _ A. Kimlierly s Hat Store, on Mulberry j the subscriber, and warranted to perform well, for sale low, streep. has just opened with a fresh and well selected stock by the esse or single, at his New Store, in the New Brick of Carriages, Barouches. Buggys and Rockaways, Saddles Block, East side of Mulberry Street, opjxwite his old stand 11 tf iriNFUEY I- SIIOCRLEY, ATTORNEY AT LAW, Will practice in the following Counties ; UPSON, HOUSTON. PIKE. BIRR. MONROE, BALDWIN, BUTTS. JONES. CRAWFORD. TWIGGS, A’! ha.iness entrusted to his care will meet with prompt •tinman. Office in l>r. Thomson's building.oppositc Floyd Hnse. Macon, Georgia Ml. 5.1845. ___ Harness and Bridles, Trunks, Valires, Carpet Bags and I Satchels; Saddlery and Harnesi Hardware. Skirting, Har- j ness. Bridle, Top and Patent Leather; Moroccos of every variety, and a beautiful assortment of Carriage Trimmings, consisting of Cloths. Laces, Tassels. Axles, Bands. Dash, Frames, Springs. Steps, Boughs. Lamps. Brussels, and Oi! Carpetings; Oils. Faints and Varnish. Carriages of every description built to order; repairs in every branch of the above business executed with neatness and despatch. Prices to suit the times. J. DELOACHE. Macon, October”, 1845. 2 tf 34 tf Mill. DEMISING A: SON'S, COMM 1SSION '! EUC11A -NTS, CHARLES JON. S. V. September i. 1845. 49 6m JOHN CULMF/K, Heine mill •‘•Ifrn PniiiMTRnd Gmincr, MACON, GEORGIA. December UJ. 1445. D tf flEHOVitls. HOLT has removed to the residence recently ^ ocrupieJ by B. H. MOBLTWK. where te maybe at night: and in the day. at Ids office over Mess-s Wtnship A Pope's store. ■tcim, April 16. ,-i * tf FLOY OH OUSE. MACON, GA. THK 9ub*cribi*r, in announcing to hi« friends find the public, by whom be has been so liberally patronised, hia mnlinnance i»f the above Establishment, bee* leave to assure them of his determination to sustain the well .¥. J. .Bones, COMMISSION DEALER. AT THE MACON CAR RIAGE DEPOSITORY. IT/'HEBE he wnul-1 be pleased to see his old customers, vV and all others disposed !•* favor him with a call.— Persons desirous of ordering Carrisges from the North, tnav rest assured of haring them bui'lbv the best Manufac turers in Newark. Bridgeport.or New Haven, and on terms to please. Macon. October7,1845. 2 tf At 4-o*t, tO close a consignuienL Three one horse Rockaways; one Coacbee. and one Landaurette. J. J. JONES. Commission Dealer, at Macon Carriage Depository. .Macon Oct.7.1845. 2 tf T TAR.l I f ore rhcri-y Street SADDLE, BRIDLE, AND HARNESS MANUFACTORY. S. GRUMMAN Sc CO., respect fully invite the attention of their cus tomers and the public generally, to their new and extensive assortment of Saddles. Bridles, and Harness of every description. Trunks. Carpet Bags. Medical Bags. Valises, Col lars, Whips. &c. &c.. which they will sell wholesale and reiaii. at pn- res that cannot fail to suit those who , wish to purchaie. As oar business is done strictly on the established reputation of his house. Instead of n falling off ■ rns [, ,y St ein. we are enabled to sell goods at northern manu- tksre shall be a progressive improvement; and if n liberal , factory prires. wtlay.a well furnished table, with every delicacy this and I \Vr particularly invite planters and merchants to call and «her msrlic, c»n supply; clean beds, comfortable rooms, •ttutive servsn's. and the will to please and accommodate •ill merit patronage he expects to obuiu it. B. 3. NEWCOMB. On. 7.1845. a—tf. Tedtrsl Union please copy. WASHINGTON lIALIi, MACON, a A. , , rTMl i? undersigned have bought out the in- 3 lereBt oi* Mr. St. Lanier in this well known establishment, and design making it Bltlgg worthy of the libe ral patronage it has hereto- (ore obtained from tie public. Every exer- '« will be made to make the sojourn either toe perms- «fn-. ar transient boarder pleasant ana agreeable. J lie •Itrsing apartments are comfortable and eo/i>modions, and ap with neat and clean furniture. The tables will be ■rniahed with every luxury our own market, and those ol ktrionth can supply ; and no efforts spared to make the kwte deterring orpublic patronage. MOTT & NEWCOMB. October 7.164.I. a ~ tf -Sew Fireproof Wave-Mouse. If <CON, GEORGIA. .-,-tllE undersigned naving erected a > | t'-re Proof Wat e House, situated at I lb. I,.'., 1 of Cotton Avenue, tender* bis • ",o 'tja friends and the public gen- ■ - eIor *? e of r COTTON and ^KCHaNDIAIS, and the trgns' c " on °j Commi**ioii Business *•1’. its branrkea, pledging himself to use every exertion to F*»ote the interests of, and render ealisfa l tIon to, those **■> stay confide basinets to hit charge. . ,, Tke storage and sale of Ccuoo will be under, lie oircc- J* sad control of Mr. John Jones, who hna long been ‘■urnin the Ware-House butineas, and will giro onri.'cu- ■''mention to the aalo of Cotton and the filling of o.rder* ^tanda. Liberal adrancea will be made on Cotton >n **ts or to be shipped. Ragging, rope, and twine, “Wte, with any other artielea. will be furnished cuato ••J at the lowest ms!hel price. I *• U. Storage and Commissi ana at customary rntes. I laselS-ojLtf JERRY CGWLE3. examine our stock before ptirrhasing. as we are determined to sell at a very small adranco front eojt preferring small profits and quick returns. Our work is manufactured un der nor own inspection, expressly for tills market and we can warrant it to be made of good materials and superior workmanship. Baddies, Bridles, and Harness, made to or der. Repairing executed with neatness and despatch. N. B. Just received a large lot of Coach, Barouche, Bug gy and Jersey Harness, which will be sold at unusually low prices,for’eash. Cherry Street, Ralston Range, direct ly opposite Watts ,k Moulton's store. ’ November 1,1845. 6 fitn Macon, Nov. 24,1845. | HHD C. K. WENTWORTH. Watch Maker «S* JcKetler. 9 if Stuart’s refined Molasses. For sale by RUSSELL A KIMBERLY. December 2,1845. 10 tf lOYlftik LBS Swedes Iron, assorted sixes. For sale lt£UUU by J. N. SEYMOUR. November 18, 1845. 8 tf JIacIicrcL A FEW halfbhls. “Extra Mackerel” put op expressly -.A for fami'y use. Just received, November 25.1845. _____ 4I3i! Gov. Java. •)|j BAGS "choice'’ Old Gov. lava Coffee November 25, 1845. J. H. OBEAIt. 9 tf J. II. obear. S f E3. & J. Con ies, n AVING removed to the new Fire Proof Ware House- ate now receiving a general assortment of GROCE RIES. which they offer for sale at a small advance, consist ing o| Rio and Java Coffee, Old Gov’t. “ 8t. Croix and N. O. Sugar, Loal Sugar, New Orleans Molasses, Fine Cheese, Sperm Candles. Soap, and Raisins- Kentucky Bagging. Hope, and Twine. “ “ very heavy—a new article. Fine Otard Brandy, " Holland Uic. Scotch aad Irish Whiskey, Thom Champaigne and I’**rt Wine. The above liquors are of the fittest quality. November 4, 1845. 8 tf Fov Sale, T HE Farm on the Ocmulgee River, opposite the Wick ed Shoals. 6} miles above Macon,known as the former residence of Abner A. Lundy. November 4,1845. WILLIAM LUNDY. 6 6t JB Hew Moot* and Shoes. CM7TIITING & MIX respectfully in- T v viteibcir patrons and the public renerally to call and examine their stock •*“* of goods manufactured expressly for this market. Their assortment conSislsin part Of Gentlemen’s fine French Calfaewed Boots of all qua) itiffl. Gentlemen’s middling fine Calf sewed and pegged Boots ol all kinds. , , Gentlemen’s dooble sole Calf and Kip sewed and pegg- Gentlemen’i Calf Gon> and Lasting Brogans ofallhinds. Gentlemen’s fine Calf and Kip pegged Brogaus of all kinds snd qualities. Ladies’ colored and black Gaiters of all qualities. Ladies' Kid Baskins, thin and thick soles of alt kinds. Misses' Gaiters and Half Gaiters, black and colored. With a large assortment of children’s 8boes of all kinds and qualities. Also a large assortment of Men s and Boy’s course Bro gans. double and single soles, pegeed and nailed which we will sell as low as the same quality can be bought in the city. Also, Goodper'a Patent Metalie Gnm Elastic Over Shoes for Ladies and Gentlemen, a new article iu this matket. very low. Hoots ami Siioes. S TIiE subscriber is now prepated to of fer to tbe public a general assortment of Boots and cMtoes. which he has just re- —*** ce'ved from the manufactory at the north. 5fc» which he will sell at the lowest prices, at bis stand on Cherry street, next -loor to Clark A Experi ence. and two doors above Watts A Moulton, amongst which are the following kindsi Men’s best black Brogans, Boys’ ’• " do. Youth's Seal and Morocco Brogans. TREASURY DEPARTMENT.} December 3, 1845. J Mininums are a fictitious value, assumed l>y law, instead of ttie real value; and the opera tion of all minimumss may be illustrated by a single exaaipfe. Thus, by the tariff of 1842. a duty of 30 per cent, ad valorem is levied oa all manufacturers of cotton; but the law fur ther provides that cotton goods ‘‘not d\ed, col ored, printed or stained, not exceeding in value twenty cents per square yard, shall he valued at twenty cents per square yard.” If, then, the real value of the cheapest cotion goods is but four cent a square yard, it is placed by the law at the false value of twenty cents per square yard, and the duly levied on the fictitious value raising it five times higher on the cheap article consumed by ihe poor, than upon the fine article purchased by the more wealthy. Indeed, by House document No. 306, of the 1st session of the 28th Congress, this difference, by actual importation, was C5 per cent, between the cheaper and the finer article of the 20 per cent minimum, 181 per cent, on the 30 per cent 'minimum, 48J per cent on the 35 per cent, minimum, 84 per cent on the 60-per cent min imum, and 84 per cent on the 75 per cent min imum. This difference is founded on actual importation, and shows an average discrimina tion against the poor on cotton imports of 82 per cent, beyond what the tax would be if as sessed upon tiie actual value. The operation of the spec.fic duty presents a similar discrim ination ugninst tiie poor and in favor of the rich. Thus, upon salt, the duty is not upon the value, hut it is eight cents a bushel, whether | the article be coarse or fine—showing by the j same document, front actual importation, a dis- i crimination of 6 per cent, against the cheap, ! and in favor of the finer article; and this, to u ! greater or less extent, is the effect of all spe cific duties. When we consider that $2,892,- 261 74 of the revenue last year was collected j by minimum duties, and l,U85 46 by | specific duties, the discrimination against the J cheaper article must amount, by estimates desire no more, at least through the agency of ’•i ' enhancement is ceia! to fu; ditty; and if Lb»rnftnn more Iv here than abroad, the duty is inoperative.— Tiie great argument for the tariff is, that f.tr- i‘ign ialtor bein. cheaper itni'n our own, the cost of fi.reign pr *d -ct on, it is s ,i,i, is lessened lo tint e.Mi-n' ; and ilt.it we must t.-ake up this difference by an equivalent duly, pud a corres ponding en'iaiuvment of p tv, iu our own market-, bulb of ihe tWeigti art c!u and of its rival domestic pro net —thus r ti.icring the du ty a t.i on ad consumers, for the b me fit of the p olected cl tsses. If the M nsiial were sent by ihe fedwial government to t-oilect a direct ttv ujion the whole people, to be paid over to iiijiiti.'iicturjng capitalists, to enable them to sus'a it their business or real zc a larger profit, it would lie the same in effect as the protecive duty, which, when analyzed in ils simplest el ements, and reduced to actual results, is a mere subtraction of so much money from the people, lo increase the revenues of die protected class es. Legisl .lion for classes is against the doc trine of equal rights, and repugnant to the spirit of our free institutions, and* it is appre hended by many, may become but anoiher form for privtl -g<*d ttfdcrs, under ihe name of proieolion, instead of privilege—‘indicated here not by rank or title, but by profit dividends, extracted from the many, by taxes upon them, for ihe bent fit of ihe few. No prejudice is felt by the Secretary of the Treasury against manufacturers. His opposition is lo the pro tective system, and not to clusses or individu als. He doubts not that the manufacturers are sincerely persuaded that the system which is <*r source of so much profit to litem, is benefi cial also to tiie country. Ha entertains a con- trory opinion, and claims for the opponents of the system a settled conviction of its injurious effects. Whilst a due regard to the just aad equal rights of all classes, forbids a discrimina tion in fivor of the mnufncturers, by duties above the lowest revenue limit, no disposition is felt to discriminate against them by reducing such duties as operate in their favor below that standard. Under revenue duties, it is be lieved, they would still teceive a reasonable profit—equal to that realized by those engaged in other pursuits; and it is thought they should of fjfeh! founded on the same document, to a tax of ■ governmental power. Equal rights and profits. $5,108,422, exacted by mitiimums and specific i st} f’ ar a3 j aW;S are niade, best conform to the duties annually from the poorer classes, by raising thus the duties on the cheaper article above what they would be if the duty were as sessed upon the actual value. If direct taxes were made specific, they would be intolerable. Thus, if an annual tax of thirty dollars was assessed on a*l houses without respect to their actual value, making the owner of the humble tenement or cabin pay a tax of thirty dollars, nnd the owner of the cosily mansion a tax of hut thirty dollars on their respective houses—it would differ only in degree, hut not in princi ple, from the same unvarying specific duty on c leap as on fine articles. If any tliscrimina- princ'ples upon which the constitution was founded, and with an undeviating regard to which all its functions should be exercised— looking to the whole country, and not to classes or sections. Soil, climate, and other causes, vary very much, in different countries, the pursuits which are most profitable in each; and the prosperity ofall of them will.he best promuteJ by leaving them, unrestricted by legislation, to exchange with each other those fabrics and products which they severally raise most cheaply. This is clearly if ustrated by the perfect free trade which exists among all the States of the Union, tion xlioulii i*e mutle, it should be tiie reverse an j foy die acknowledged fact that any one of ol the specific duly, and of the minimum prin- these States would be injured by imposing du ties upon the products of the olbcrs. It is ciplo, by establisning a maximum standard, above which value the duty on the finer arti cles should be higher, and below which they should be lower on ihe cheaper article. The lax upon the actual value is the most equal, and can only be accomplished bv ad valorem duties generally conceded that reciprocal free trade among nations would best advance the interest of all. Hut it is contended that we must meet the tariff of other nations by countervailing re striction?. That duties upon our exports by As to fraudulent invoices and under valuation, ; foivign nations are prejudicial to us, is conce- tbese dangets are believed to be arrested efi'ec- tu.tllv by the stringent provisions and severe penalty of the 17t!i section of the tariff of 1842; and now one-half the revenue is collected from ad valorem duties. At least twe-tbirds of ihe taxes imposed by the present tariff* are paid, not into the treasu ry, but to the protected classes. The revenue fiom imports last year, exceeded twenty-seven millions of dolhts. Th s, in itself, is a heavy tax; hut the whole tax imposed upon ihe peo ded; but whilst this injury is slightly felt by the ! marmfnclurers, its weight falls almost exclusive- ! iyupon agriculture, commerce, and navigation. If those interesis which sustain the loss do not | ask countervailing restrictions, it should not be demanded by the manufacturers, who do not feel the injury, and whose fabrics, in fact, are not excluded by the foreign legislation of which i they complain. That agriculture, commerce, I nnd navigation are injuied by foreign restric tions, constitutes no reason why lliey should bo pie by the present tariff, is not less than eighty- ! subjected lo st.ll severe treatment, by addition- one millions of dollars—of which twenty-seven do. do. do. do, do. da Men’s best Calfsewad Youths' Kip Bovs’ coarse Men's kip Men’s fine Calf pegged Ladies. Morocco and Seal. Ladies 1 Morocco Buskins. Ladies' Cloth half Gaiters. Ladies' Morocco and Kid Slipper! and French Ties. Bojrs’ kip Boots, Youth’s do. Gentlemen's fine Calf sewed Boots, Do. double sole pegged Boots, Do. Pump Hoots. [tr* Also Boots and Shoes made and repaired at the shortest notice and in the best style. A share of public patronage is respectfully solicited. 1 A. 0. PARMALEE, Agent. November 25.1845- 9 if Terrain destroyed I WITHOUT FAIL IN ANY INSTANCE S OLOMON LEVI & CO., respectfully offer to the pub lic their self prepared, well tested and highly effectual preparation for exterminating Rata, Mice, Cock-Roaches Ams, and Bed-Bugs! S- Levi k Co . promise those of the pnblic. wbo msy be annoyed by these destructive vermin, that after using this ...j _ , well’testetf and highly effectual preparation for a few days. Also Calf, Kip, Goat, Lilting and Binding i thev will experience a complete riddance ofall this vermin. Skins, Sole Leather. Pegs. Thread, This prcparation possesse. the sirgular property, that Patent Aids, Lasts, Sfc. very low. Boots made and rt-paired to order, y.'acnn, Oct. 21.1845 4 BENNETT BELL, VUE-MUSB AND COMMISSION .MERCHANT, EAST MACON, Oppsailn'hc Centro' lCnil Kstnl Depot. HAVING leased the Store and Ware- j without being actual poison, it will not only kill the Rats. Mice. Ac., but will, in consequence tf the smoke it produces, positively compel those that do not partake of it, precipi tately to leave the house. This preparation has now been in use in Gerrosny and France about three years; and been pronounced, by every one who has given it a fair trial, the best remedy they have ever used for the extermination of Rata, Mice, Ants, Cock- tor, sssa ire. C—s Roaches, and Bed-Bop. The n-ticIe»»*‘'n>po_singihiacomposition are in themselves iw B * n - MOULTRIE, * hc HOUSE 4. COMMISSION ME1 sar ■ _ ■UVBIIVVO UH W>“ I il-t? , facility to the planter in di» attend to all orders for Goods, ah ; '' ,V - V necessary for the conven 0 >tka e _,, *Ia solicits the conlinoanee of the pi lotoer * °i the old concern, and the public ge ! ****•> l*. ttu RCIIANT. .pi./f o.r. ■■pH THKtubfceriberwillfontinuethe >> are Hoaseami Commission IJusinef-at ihe old stand of Moultrie & Campbell, near the lower end of Cuuon Aeeutie. He vill make liberal advances on Cot ten Moro«l isposing ifctpfdflg i b® necessary for the convenience oT v. **• lie solicits the conlinoanee of the patronage generally* B. H. MOULTBJK 4T tf JIOOTS AIYD SIIOES, In the Ncir prrek Store on Second-street, at the fign of the Big Bool.flppottle George M. ljugan’t Dry Good S’j’JRONG A WOOD having removed tneirent. :re uwck. of Boots and 3boes into the above tpacious building, invite their old customers a.nd tbe public generally, to ■ —— t VT'i'i'f.!.g ",i t' '! snd will effect nothing thereafter, so that there can be no Honse, formerly occupied by Henry K- , arl ; c | e , 8t 1„» prices shall at all times >.^ ! danger in its use under any circumstances. Carter, would respectfully tender his srr j-^jj n|ll ; w j, )ter stock, which embraces every arucie in their vires to Planters nnd other* and will | now being racaived, and to which the attentmo of lriu - promptly attend to the receivingoFCotton rn - pubfir is respectfully invited Their assortment of j Merchandize entrusted to hia cart. . Plantation Brogans is the fines’, ever offe.-ei. :r. th.s market, will give in rsonal attention to selling Cotion or an j w i(|. together with all other descriptions, be aolil cheap. ^Produce, titling order* far .r ' Is. and shipping Cotton They hs'vebn hand— fs'tntuh,Charleston, or New York. . Double snd single sole nailed Brogar.s, hit best exertion* will give satisfaction to all who Double and * n»lr sole pegged do. several qualities, ^avorhim with their business. Kip Hrogsns of all qualities and sizes; -^SJAuCun 1*. 1645. < 6 tf Calf Brogan* of nil qualities *nd sizes. Thick snd Kip Boms, men and boys. Calf pegged double snd sinele sole Boots. A splendid assortment of Gentlemen’s fine sewed tair Boots, Gents’ fine calf, sewed and lasting Brogans and call hair Jloots, Ladies' fine block and colored Gaiter Boots, Block ind colored halfGaiter Bouts. Fine Bm-kins and Tie Walking dltoes—kid anti calf. Fine bronze nnd black kid Slippers and Buskins, Misses' Leather and Morocco Boots. Buskins, Sups, and half liters, with a great variety of Leather, Kid nnd Cloth Shoes for child ran- _ _ LcaibcrLnslSi Tjwead. Pe»:s. «c. IO* Boots and Shoes ntade and repaired aajueual kfaeoa, October 8,1845. millions are paid to the government upon the import?, and fifty-four millions to the prolecled classes, i>i enhanced prices of similar domestic articles. This estimate is based upon the position that the duly is a ided to the price of the import, and also of its domestic rival. If ihe import is enhanced in pi ice by the duty, so must be the domestic rival; for, being like articles, their price must be the sumo in the same market.— The merchant advances in cash the duty on the import, and adds tiie duty, with a profit upon it, and other charges, to the price—which must therefore be enhanced lo tnat extent; unless the foreign producer had first deluded the duty from the price. But tin's is impossible; for such now is, and long has been, the superabun dance of. capital and active competition in Eu rope, that a profit of six per cent in any busi ness is sufficient to produce large investments of nvnev i» that business; and if, by our tariff’, a duty of 40 per cent be exacted on the pro duct of such business, and ihe foreign producer deducts that duty from his previous price, lie must sustain a heavy loss. This loss would atai soon extend beyeml the stiles for our con- sump-ion to sales to our merchants of articles, lo he re-exported by them from our ports with a drawback of duty, which would bring their price throughout the markets of the world.— But litis the foreign producer cannot afford.— The dutv, therefore, must be added to ihe price and paid by the consumer—the duty constitut ing as much a part of the price, as the cost of production, if it he true that, when a duty of forty per cent is imposed by our tariff’, the foreign pio- ducer first deducts the duty from the previous price on the sale to our merchant, it must be equally true with a duty of one hundred per cent., which is exactly equal to the previous verv innocent, and contain not a particle of poison; but when ' • , , , , , , ; . combined create a gas. which explodes ll.-ti stomach, anil j price, and when deducted, WOUid reduce the consequently destroys life in a tew boors. As soon as it has effected tbe storr.acb. the articles become nentralized The directions for osing the preparation accompany eve ry box. snd are cheap and simple. S. Levi A Co., guarantee the Expulsion of Vermin from any plate where their preparation is used. It has never yet failed For sale in Macon oslv by M. BARTLETT December 16, 1845^ 12 ft. lVOTItlE.—I forewarns!! persons from trading fortwo j • promissory notes made by myself and payable to Daniel McLeod or bearer, for seventy five dollars each, both dated July 29th, 1845; one due the first day of January 1816; and the other due the first day of March 1846. as ti.e consideration for which said notes was given has entirely failed, and I am determined not to pay them tinless com pelled. J- A. SHINE. December IS, !S45. 12 3t 3 if For Kent* T HE store recently occupied by Mr.XV. A. Robertson, on Cotton Avenue. It will be rented in two divisions or separately. Terms moderate. Apply t" T. C. Damp sey at Airs. Cooper’s boarding house on Alulberry street, or to Messrs. Rea A Cotton. November 26,1645. 9 tf price lo nothing. The occasional fall in price of some articles afler a tariff’, is no proof that this was the effect of the tariff, because, from improved machine ry, diminished prices of the raw material, or other causes, prices may fall even alter a tariff, but they would in such cases have fallen much more but for the tariff. The truest comparison is between the present price of the same arti cle at home an J abro ad; and to the extent that the price is lower in the foreign market than in our own, the duty, if equal to that difference must to that extent enhance the price, and in the same ratio with the lower duly. The dif- ferenco in price at home and abroad is general ly about equal tn the difference in the cost of production, and presents in a series of years, the surest measure of the effect of the duty— the enhancement in price being equal t" that difference if the duty be higher than that differ ence or equal to it, or if the duty be lower, then al restrictions and countervailing tariff’s enacted at home. Commerce, agriculture, and naviga tion, harassed as they may be by foreign re strictions, diminishing tho amount ofexchangca- ble products which they could otherwise pur chase abroad, are burdened with heavier impo sitions at home. Nor will augmented duties here lead to « reduction of foreign tariffs; but the reverse, by furnishing the protected classes there with the identical argument used by the protected classes here against reduction. By countetvailing restrictions, we injure our own fellow-citizens much more than the foreign na tion at whom we purpose to aim their force; and, in tho conflict of opposing tariffs, we sac rifice our own commerce, agriculture, and nav igation. As well might we impose monarchi cal or aristocratic restrictions on our govern ment or p -ople, because that is the course of foreign legislation. Let our commerce be us free as our political institutions. Let us, with revenue duties only, open our ports to ail tbe world, and nation after nation will soon follow our example. If we reduce our tar.ft', the par ly opposed to the corn laws of England would soon prevail, nnd admit all our agricultural pro* ducts at all tint- s freely into her ports, in ex change lor her expoits. And if England would now repeal her duties upon our wle at, flour, Indi <n corn, and other agricultural pro ducts, our own res'rictive system would cer tainly be doomed to overthrow. Ifihe question is asked, who shall begin this tvork of reciprocal reduction? it is answered by the fact, that E“g- land has already abated Iter duties upon mt»t of our exports, yite, has repealed tiie duty upon cotton, and greatly reduced the tariff upon our breadstuff's, provisions, and o her articles; mid Iter present bud harvest, accompanied by a ro- I duction of our ttuiff, woulJ lead to the repeal of i her corn laws, and the unrestricted admission, at all times, of our agricultural products. Tiie manufacturing interest opposes reciprocal free j It opposes tho i ■: • •• r >—not an hc- iris for an equal a ty barter, where a s m; equal to t’te value of ttieir exports was us< ti io purchasing here an equal amount m value of any of our products; and die shipment m i !e abroad of these products, upon the same principle under which a draw back of dunes is now allowed on the re-expor- tatio.i of foreign it:;- *rts. This would be less simple, and in n..t rucommendt d in lieu of that absolute reduction of the '.'.ties, which will ac complish t io .--u.t.o object of unrestricted ex change. B;it such a provision would he a self- t Xccuting reciprocity law, nnd -hon'd be desired by those b- lieving in countervailing tariffs against foreign nations, but in reeiproc.d free trade with all—thus enabling our farmers and planters to sell their products for cheaper fo reign nianufictures, getting more for vvliut they sell, and [laying less l'or what they purchase in exchange. It seems strange, that while tho profit of agriculture varies irom i to 8 per cent., that of manufactures is more than double.— The reason is, that whilst tho high duties se cure nearly a monopoly of the home market to tho manufacturer, the farmer and planter are deprived to a great extent of the foreign mar ket by these duties. The farmer and planter are to a great extent, forbidden io buy in the foreign market, and confined lo the domestic articles enhanced in price by the duties. The tariff is thus a double bent-fit to ihe manufactu rer, and a double loss to the farmer ami planter —a bent fit to the former, in neat ly a monopo ly of the home market, and in enhanced prices of tbeif fabrics; and tho loss to the latter, in the payment of those high prices, a: d in total or partial exclusion from the foreign market.— The true question is, whether the farmer and planter shall - , to a great extent, supply our peo ple with cheap manufactures, pumntsed abroad with their agricultural products, or whether this exchange shall be forbidden by high duties on such manufactures, and their supply thrown, as a monopoly, at largo prices by high tariffs, into the hands of our own manufacturers.— The number of manufacturing capitalists who derive tho benefit from the heavy taxrs extract ed by the tarifl'from twenty millions of people, does not exceed ten thousand. The whole number (including the working clusses engaged in our manufactures) deriving any benefit from the tariff, docs not exceed 40,000, of whom not more 400,000 have been brought into this pursuit by the Iasi tariff. But this small num ber of 40,000 would atill have been in the coun try. consuming our agricultural products; and in the country, consuming our agricultural pro ducts; and in the attempt to secure them as pur chasers, so small in number, and not consuming one-half the supply of many counties, the far mer and planter are asked to sacrifice the mar kets of the world, containing a population of eight hundred millions, disabled Irom purchas ing our products by our high duties on all they would sell in exchange. The farmer and planter would have the borne market without a tar.ff; and they would have the foreign market also to a much greater extent, but for tbe total or partial prohibition of the last tariff. \Ve have more fertile lands than tiny other nation; can raise a greater variety of products, and, it may be said, could feed and clothe the people of nearly all the world. The home mar ket, of itself, is wholly inadequate for such pro ducts. They must have the foreign market, or a large surplus, accompanied by great depres sion in price, must be the resuit. The States of Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois, if cultivated to their fullest extent, could, of themselves raise more than sufficient food to supply the enlire home market. Missouri or Kentucky could more than supply it with hemp; already tiie State of Mississippi raises more colttn than is suffi cient for all the home market: Louisiana is rap idly approaching the same point as to sugar; and there are lands enough adapted to that product in Louisiana, Texas, and Florida, to supply .vith sugar ond molasses neatly all the markets of the world. If cotton is depressed in price by the laritl’, the consequence must be a com parative diminution of the product, and the raising in its place, to a great extent, hemp, wheat, corn, stock, and provisions, which other wise would bo supplied by the teeming pro ducts of tho the West. The growing West, in a series of years, must be the greatest suffer ers by the tariff, in depriving them of the fo reign market, and of that ol the cotton-growing States. We dementi, in fact, for our agricultu ral products, specie from nearly all the world, by heavy taxes upon al! their manufactures; nnd their purchases from us must therefore be lim ited, as well its their sales to us enhanced by price. Such a demand for specie, which we know in advance cannot be complied with, is nearly equivalent fo a decree excluding most of our agricultural products from tho foreign markets. Sucli is the rigor of our restiictions, that nothing short of a famine opens freely the ports of Europe for our breads:;.ffs. Agricul ture is our chief employment; it is best adapted to our situation, and, if not depressed by the ta riff, would be the most profitable. Wc can raise a larger surplus of agricultural products, and a greater variety than almost any other na tion, and at cheaper rates. Remove, then, from agriculture all our restrictions, and, by its own unfettered power, it will brock down all foreign restrictions, and, our own being remov ed would feed the hungry and clothe the poor of our fellow-men throughout ail the densely- peopled nations ol the wot Id. .But now we will take nothing in excbnnge for these product-* but specie, except at very high duties: and nothing but a famine breaks down all foreign rcstric- tion-', and opens for a time the [toils of Europe to our breadstuff's If, on a reduction of our duti'-s, England, repeals her corn laws, nearly all Euro| e must follow her example or give to Iter iitHiiufictiireis advantages which cannot be trade with foreign nations. Zull Verein treaty; and it is feared that no other j successively encountered in most of tiie mar- treaty producing a reciprocal reduction of our kets of the world. I he tariff did not raise tho treaty producing a reciproc own and foreign tariff's will receive its supp >rt. If that interest preferred a reciprocal oxcltange of our own for foreign fabrics at revenue duties, it would not have desired a tariff opetaffng. price of onr breads'tiff England does—gi\i feign tnaikct which times, bv thill rep s’ but a b ui harvest in us for the time that fo- : would s ton l.avo nt ad >f the corn laws which without exception, against all nations that adopt must follow tho reduc t em iif our dut es. But ed low, as well as high tariff's, nor would it have whil* bn mi-suiils rise ■ with a baa’ h irvest in opposed every amendment proposing, when the Engl. wK cotton iiluit ist invariably t .ils; be tariff of 1842 was under consideration, a re cause I he iticte s d si rn w 1,it'll, in ti nt event, duction of our duties upon the exports of such Engl »nci inu.,t |>i\ lb : utir br< adstufl we \v 1 nations as would receive, free of duty, our fiou 1 take, nol in niant.facj ires, but only i i specie; and other agricultural products. It that inter and i otli aving it to A ' • - ile s down, est desired reciprocal free trade with other na even lo a Lif t t-xt nt , the prico ol a r cotton tions, it would have desired a very differ 1 lenc e Ihe result, i. at ; ba . harve-tin i: tgl ind ent tariff from that of 1S42. It would have redtit es t. : e aggregate ui- o of *-tir t ,\j «>::>. * i sought to etc;fine tho Inch duties to those en tu rns the rxrl am > : Y : st U S <•:.! J vil 'f cases where tlie foreign importer would s< 1! .d- vur.s >eeie abrv d him : Y. r\ t.. ; v» imports for cash only; and admitted a drawback on or r pr •!■• *!* ' . F j eign na;ions c t; net loi of one-half of the duty where American exports a series of years tmpo t more Ilian tbe v export