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OLIVE'R H. PRINCE.
{VB\V SERIEJS—VOli. II. NO. 27.
ttfiOR&iA
—PUBLISHED WEEKLY—
r o p r i e t <)
macon, Tuesday morning, march
o
•Jj
1846.
WHOLE NUMBER 10U*
THE GEORGIA TELEGRAPH,
PUHLISHED EVERY TUESDAY i)Q£N)Xq
BY O. H. PRINCE,
aT THREE DOLLARS per annum.
UfVARlABL Y IN AI> VANQE
inVBRTISEMENTS arc inserted at §1 OO per
AU far the first insertion, and 50 cent* per squnrr for
M*J?V e rtion thereafter.
**\-eisoteble deduction will be made to those who adver-
,i *5^M l, lt Je s» r iejof LANDS, by Admitfistntor*. Kzecn-
r Outrdiana. are required by law. to be held on the
,4f T eadav in the month, between the hours of ten in the
Hr** T “ Ind three In the afternoon, at the Court-house, in
tweno" • h ,|, e land is situated. Notice of these
*• C "n"it be given in a public gazette SIXTY DAYS pre-
•* ' .| ie fi*v of sale.
of NEOROES must be made at a public auction
i fi,.t Tuesday of the month, between theuaonl h mrs
„n the nr . f# 0 f pu hlic snles in the county where the
tfsaie.at wrv o f ^4 m |ntajatioii or Ounrdianship,
letler ,‘"l b‘ "n granted. first giving SIXTY DAYS notice
may "* , 0 fthe public gazettes of this State, and at tho
thereof.' j, oart .t,no*r. where such sales are to beheld,
doornt t ^ <(l , f n f Personal Property must be given in
, Entice days previous to theday of sale.
V.rtire to 'he Debtors and Oreditors of an estate must bjs
•"vlI^te < tlnt 0 applic«^ l,oy '> , will he made to the Court of Or-
Ji^’tr leave to sell LAND, must be published for
T ^«!ce'for h*TvL to sell NEGROES must he published
FOUR MONTHS, before any order absolute shall l>p
1. thereon bv the Oonrt.
Citations for letters of Administration, must be publish-
A thirty dag«—for dismission from ndministrstton.moofA-
Jr «« month'—for dismission from Ouardiaasbip, forty
Rotes for the foreclosure of Mortgage must tie pnbliahed
monthly for four month'—for establishing lost papers./or
f H n if tier of three month'—Cor compelling titles front
R»r-utors nr Administrators, where a Bond ha* been given
bf the deceased, 'hr full 'naee of three month'.
■publications will always be continued aceordingto these,
die 1,^1 requirements, unless otherwise ordered.
REMITTANCES BY MAIL.—‘A postmaster may en-
rlase money in a letter to tlio publisher of a newspaper, to
psrtbe subscription ofa third Person and frank the letter if
written bv himself."— A mo' Kendall. P. M. O.
W. T. & A. H. COLQIIITT,
WILL practice Law in the several counties of the Flint
Circuit.
Office over the store ef Charles Day k Co., Macon.
W. T. Cot.qtJtTT, Lagrange,
A. H. Coujuitt, Macon
December 9, IfllS.
GE0R3E W. FISH,
ATTOTIfJSY AT LAW.
MACON. GEORGIA.
Wiii practice tn the counties of Bibb, Baldwin. Jones, W tl-
" kiinou. Washington. Twiggs. Pulsski, Dooly, Houston,
IYcvj Fireproof Wave-House.
MAC OS, GEORGIA.
il tf
a it .1 Macon.
Aay professional business intrusted to his care, will uaUft
* wilh prompt ami faithful attention.
OFFICE on Third Street, opposite the FLOYD.
January 27. 1816—18-ly.
WISt RLY L. SIIBCIiLliV,
' attorney at law.
Will practice in the following Counties : .
U«*o„ Pike. Monroe, Jims, Crawford, Houston, IJalilwin,
* r ’ ltihb. J.mes, and Twiggs.
All hu.ines. «.iru*lcd to hit care will meet with prompt
itMnlinu. Offloein Dr. Tlioinsoo sbuilding,opposite Floyd
T House, Macon, Georgia.
'‘EX. Cliirlf? I McDonnld. Msrie^u, 9f.
lion. Hiram Warner Greenville G*.
Hun. A. M. D. King- borsvlh. Ga.
Hun. 0. H. Strong. Perry. Of.
” Dr. M. S. Thomson, I
Dr. A. Pye. I
Wheeler & Hsrro.M. f
PainuelJ. liny Jc Go. J
p’rhraary 111, 18sl>.
I rpilE qndersigned naving erected a
a Fire Proof "Y^qip House, situated at
tile bead of Cut|oq Avenue, tenders his
________ servings to his frjends and the puhlic gen-
S^. 8 t^"L , l'nr,’&"or COTTCT *
Cominisiiioii .Business
in nl '.its branches, pledging himself to use every exertion tp
pmti.ote the interests of, and render satisfaction to, those
whi- may confide business to bis charge.
. The storage and sale of Cotton will be under the dimv
tjon and control of Mr. John Jones, who baa long been
kbowninthe Ware-House business, and will give particu
lar attention to the sale of Cotton and tlie filling of orders
for goods. Liberal advances will be made on Cottou in
Store or to he shipped.
RAGGING, ROPE, AND TWINE,
together with nny other articles, will be furnished custo
mers ntthc lowest ms iket price.
N. B. Storage and Contmlssisns nt customary rates.
Jut e 18—38—tf JERRY COWLES.
15 11. MOULTRIE,
WAREHOUSE .5- COMMISSION MERCHANT.
.7I.ICO.V.
Til E subscriber willcontinue the Warp
Kous'g apt) Commission Biiiinru.t the old
stand of Moultrie (Campbell, near the
lower end of Cnflop Avenue. tjp **ill
make liberal advances os Cotton stored
with J)ini. and afford every facility hi the planter ip disposing
of it; and will also attend to all orders for Qoods, ab'ppng
of Cutfoo, 4rc.,thai may be necessary for the convenience of
his customers. He solicits the cqiitinoance of the patronage
of the customers of the old concern, and the public generally*
II. II. MOULTRIE
August Id. 184? ... ... ^y\f
~ BEJVNETT BE 1X7
WARE ilOITSK AND COMMISSION pRCIUNTy
EAST MACQN,
Opposite |hc Central Kail Rpatl Sepoy.
HAVING leased the Store ant) Wary-
House, formerly occupied by Henry j£.
Carter, would respectfully tender his ser
vices to Flamers and others and will
promptly attend to the receiving of Cotton
and Merchandize entrusted to his cart.
Also will give hit per'ona/ attention to felling Colton of
other produce, fitting orders f>r goods. gud fbjpping Coycjjj
tq Savannah, Charleston, or New York.
Hoping his best exertions will give satisfaction to all who
may favor hint \vitli their business.
Macon. A"gust 13. 1643. 46 tf
WILLIAM T. WILSON,
WARE HOUSE .$■ COMMISSION MERCHANT
$Iacon, Cteorg).).
THE undersigned having rented the
Ware-House recently occupied by J. B.
BOSS,(nearly opposite Mr. J. M. Fiklo’s
WnreHom-e.) is prepared jlo receive Cot-
t'-n in Store- Hjs personal attention willbe
devoted lu the business. All orders promptly attended to.
'Aiivancks will In- nude on Cotom in store. He solicits the
patronage of hi.*, fiieuds and the publt.c.
Very iiestiecifully.
W- •v. WILSON.
Macon. October It, 1815. 3 tf
JIOROLO$Y ?
rtprs in New York, and is now prepared to repair
iioa, As tup
: best n-ai.;
tmportprt
\yatphes and Clocks of every description,
np.’ and on the most reasonable terms.
AH Witches entrusted tn his care will rereirp his person
al attention and be warranted to perform to the satisfaptigu of
the otynp.% or the money refunded. All kindaof Jewelry
neatly i e|iairpd. Gold and Silver work made to ordpr.
He would also ctjl) the attention of the puhlip |p hjs npyr
stock of Watches, Jewelry 8ilver Plated and Brittannia
Ware, and Fancy Goods, embracing almost every nrtielp
usually found in bis ling,all cf which willbe sold at die very
loircst prices. 1
Also, just received a large Ipt of Brass Clocks, f.ora the
mist celebrated manufacturers. Alio) which arp tested by
the subscriber, and warranted to perform yvpll. for sale Ipw,
by the ease or single, at his New Stnrp, in th® Ne|f Bri(.-k
Block, Eastside of Mulberry Street, opposite his old stand.
C. K. WENTWQRTH.
Watch Maker i Jttfcllrr.
Macon, Nov. 34,1845. J if
CONGRESSIONAL
. Macon, Gs,
34 if
.7. J. ,J ones
COMMISSION DKALRH. AT THE MACON CAR
RIAGE DEPOSITORY.
W HERE he woul’J be pleased lo see his old customers,
and all others disposed t«» favor him with a rail.—
Persons desirous of orderin'* Carriages from the North,
may rest uMuicd uf having them bui’t by the best Manulac-
turers in NewatK, Uridgeport.or New Haven, aud on terms
to plense.
iduotui, ,Oc^ her 7. 8
At Cost,
TKIO close sooiisignment. Three one horse Rocktwayi;
ff one Coachee. aid one F.an,laurette. -
J. J. JUNES. Commission Dealer,
at Macon Carriage Depository.
Macon Oct.7. 1845. 2H
PAINTING.
S HERWOOD k PATTERSON, Corner of Second
and Oak Streets, would inform the public that they
are prepared to execute
HOf/SE, SIGN AND ORNAMENTAL PAINTING.
CjKAIlVIIVG.
Irritation of Wood and Marble, Glazing, and Paper Hang
ing ; Picture Frame* made and Gilded.
O L it C II AIRS
Re-bouomed, Fainted and Gilded; Furniture Varnished
and Polished.
BELL HANGING
dong in the best manner, material; fqriijsbed and warranted.
In elegance and despatch, it ia their determination not to
bp surpassed by any establishment at the South. Persons
in want of soy of the above wojk will piffise give us a
call cud examine specimens before engaging elsewhere.
February 1?. W.&- 31—ly
MACON CARRIAGE DEPOSITORY,
Be luoacisc nsid Wilcoxson,
B ETWEEN the FtotD Hodsk and Washing™* i
Hall, and opposite Mr. G. A. Kimberly's flat Store,
on Mulberry Street, have on hand a fresh and welt se
lected stock of
CARR I AGI? S. BAR OUCHES, BUGGIES,
and llockaways, Saddles, Harness k Bridles, Trunks,
Vulices. Carpet bags and Satchella, Saddlery and
Harness Hardware, Skirtipg Harness, Bridle,
' Top awl Patent Leather.
Morocco nf every variety, and a beautiful assortment nf
Carriage trimmings, consisting of Cloths, Lsces, Tassels
Ajt^es, Hands Da;h-frames. Springs.fteps, Uowa. Lampi,
Brus-eis';n:i pil Gvpetings; Oils. Faints, and VarnWi,
Carriages of e very description built to order. ^ Repairs in
every t. ranch of the above business executsd with neatness
sud despatch. Prices to suit the times.
Mctcou, March 3.1846. 23-tf.
S P E E C II
OF THE IION. JOHN c! CAEKOlItV,
OF SOUTH CAROLINA,
Dvliyered ip the Senate of the U.. S., ou thtj 16th inst.’
On the Oregon Question.
The qaenion now under oriler for discussion, is whetlt-
er notice sban be giyen fo Great Britain that the convention
oi'joiut occupancy between us aud bershall terininate at the
end of the year. To that question I shall couffne my re
marks, limiting diem to that and to the question immediate
ly connected \titli it. i shall say nothing in regard to the
title of Oregon. Having been personally connected with
previous negotiations, in which that question was concern
ed, it will he see'u by all that il is proper that I should pass
il by without untice. ) shall abstain Irutn every thing ol a
personal character, and from every thing calculated to
wound the feelings of any gentleman'-, but at the same time,
I shall express luyselflreety, fully, and candidly on all the
subjects on which I shall consider it my duty to touch.—
With these lew prefatory remaiks, 1 shall proceed at once
to the question ol notice.
There is one point on which we must all be agreed, and
that is, that a great chtuge has takeu place since the com
mencement ol the session in the iinpc rluuce of this question,
and in its bearing upou peace and war. At that time, this
measure of notice was of the greatest and most weighty im
portance, involving as it did the question whether peace
with Great Britain should orshould not continue. Now, as
it has become 'one of comparatively minor importance, anj
may he decided either way wiiluut exerting any very de
cisive effect on those important iiite-esta. So great, indeed,
is this change, that the very reasons which are urged in the
Executive message in support of the recommendation tlmt
notice shall be given, have no longer their application. The
hearings both of the measure and of the several parties iu
the tieuate which have grown out of it, are entirely altered.
That the Executive recommendation to terminate the nonce
is founded on the couviction that, pending such a notice,
there can be no compromise of our difficulties on the Ore
gon question, must he, X think, admitted ou all aides. In
deed. the laugm-ge of the message is explicit lo that effect.
It expresses me President s conviction that no compromise !
could he effected which we ought to accept. It announces i
tons that he made the British coumiistioiiernn offer of the
parallel of 49 '’, but that, that offer having been rejected, be
ordered that it should be immediately withdrawn. And on
that same conviction Ire recommends to Congresi the pas
sage of this notice, with a vie .v to the removal of all itnpedi-
in Vi its jo the assertion of our right to the whole of the Ore
gon territory. Assuming''tliat there would be no compro
mise, the President tells us that, at the expiration of twelve
months, a period will have arrived when our title to that
country must either be abandoned or hrmly maintained.
Throughout file whole message there is not the slightest in-
tiimtion that a ny compromise is expected; hut, on the con
trary. the entire document assumes the opposite view.
Yet I admit that the grounds ou which the President ba
ses this, his conviction, uredetived from the negotiation it
self, and mainly from tho fact that bis otter ofa compromise
on 49 J was rejected 1 admit that, proceeding ou ibaj lo n-
dation, il is a fair inference that.it England shall renew oh
Iter part the proposition which, when made ou ours, she re
jected. there would be no impediment in the way to its ac
ceptance; at the same time the President intimates not the
slightest expectation that such an offer will be made ou her
part, or that any compromise will he effected.
-uch is the view which I have been constrained to take
a'tei the most careful exsiiiination which I have been able
to give to tile message of the President; and if I may draw
an inference from the opinions o those members of the Sen
ate whir believe in the soundness of our title to the whole
OJ. CHARLES THOMPSON
)iAS Itkcp Offiro next door to Payne's DRUG STORE.
Residence in Vinevlllo.
Any «mr.l left at .sillier place (day or night) willbe copv
municated by boy* for that purpose.
He hopes by attention to business. anJ an experience of
ipvfiiieeu *° merit ® patronage.
W**oo, 3y«rvli 17, lSifl.
JOHN CULMGR,
] loss sc as is el PainltT :mil Graiiici',
MACON, GEORGIA.
Drreinbei 33, 18X5. 13 lf
LAW NOTICE. ,
/IVIF. late Law Finn of Kxi.LT k Kill** having been examine
1 recently dissolved in consequence of the election of
Bin*. M. Kelly. Esq . to the office of State Reporter, the
pntJcfalgneJ have formed acopertnervhip iq the practice
»f Law under the firm and name ol KJLLEN k lXEN.
HARD. Thev will mrictly attend to the unfinished probes-
siauil busiues. of the late firms of Kelly A Rice and Kelly
A Killen; and all business confided to them will be prompt
lv Stieuded to ami brought v« aa speedy conclusion as pos-
OFFICE st PEHRV^ KILLEN.
]T—3mT J. 8. DENNARD.
Cherry Slrcct
SADDLE, DR IDLE, AND HARNESS
MANUFACTORY.
S. GRUMMAN & CO., respect
fully icvile qbestienuoit qftbeir cus
tomers and the public generally, to
their new end expensive assortment
of Saddles. Bridle;. hj.d Harness of
every description, Tranis. Carpet
Bags". Medical Bags. Valises, Col
lars. Whips. Ac. ke, whjrb they
will sell wjqolepsje paidygt,jl. ot pn-
that cannot fill lo suit those who
wish to pnrehare. A* <mr bushiess is done strictly on the
cbsh system, we are eijubled to sell goods at northern manu
factory prices „ ,
. We particularly invite planters aud merchants to call and
examine our >f*ck before purchasing, ns w>• ary determined
to sell at a vriv small advance from cost preferring smajl
Our work is manufactured on-
raw Nolice.
J OHN I*. POWERS, haring pernienontly located him
self in Perry. Houston county, will attend strictly to any
Cannes* entrusted ip hisc,re.
Jsnuary 27, 1846. 18 11
PEN \ ISIS
| O n It 4II I> .V PUT.Y.I Iff .would res
ctfolly say
PHI | . HHH ral patron-
»|* already extended; (while Floyd Jiouse.) they
_ tspeci
intheir friends in Macon, that fioin die liberal patron-
.«re sow induced to lo<*ale permanently, and have lak.cn
Operating Rooms over Strong k Wood a Store, on Second
5treet, tinee iloor. above the Mttrin.e and If ire Insurance
Bank. Business Imurs from 8 to IS M. and from 2 tin 5
>. M. KTAII operations warranted to giro entire tali'-
fartinn, and to .land the lest of lime.
Mseoii. January 1. 1846.
14—tf
I) B2 NT 1ST Rif.
D RS G. k J. VcDONALD gratefully acknnwJeege
the liberal patronage extended to them fertile last few
JTfft,by the citizens of Macon and vicinity, and would in-
/••nn them that they have removed their office to the brick
rang. north aide ot Mulberry street,over the Jewelry Store
efC.K. Wentworth.
They have so arranged their business, as for one of them
lo mike regular visits to the neighboring villages and cer
tain portions of the country.
Macon. Dec 31, 1846. 16
profits and quick returns,
d^r nor own inspection, expressly for tliit market ind we
can warrant il to be mnde of good materials and superior
workinnuship. Saddles, Bridles, and Harness, made to or
der." Repaii i'ig executed with neatness and despatch.
N. B. lust -eceived a large lot ofCor.ch. Barouche, Bug
gy ami Jersjy Harness, which'will be sold yt unusually
low prices,fm otsb. Cherry Street, Ralston Range,direct
ly opposite \V arts k Moulton’s store.
Navewbei 6,I8f5. 6 6m
Now ISoola and Sliocs.
w
IIITING k MIX respectfully in- j
Girons: <fc Wood,
H AVE received by recent arrivals from Philadelphia iu
adiiition to titejr former stock of Boot! and Shoes.
Gents Hue Call Water Proof Boots;
“ •• French Calf Light “
La<lies fine Bronze Gaiter Boots;
Half "
“ “ Blnck and colored GjiiterBortts;
•* “ Kid Slippers and Walking Slides;
Misses “ Morocco and 8eal Lace Bihiis. thick snles,
., •* •* *• Buskins “
Children's fine “ * Bo-.ls ••
Black and colored Mqroq.-p *n<l doth foxed
Boots, thin soles.
Also, various other kinds of Boots and Shoes made ex.
preaslv for retail, all of which they will offer at very mode-
rale prices, and invite all that wish to purchase to give them
ail. sign of tnj Big Boot,ou Second street, oppositejGeo
M. Log.in A C<i.
December 9,1845. 11 if
Staple rjssd 5>s*v I«oo(!n.
( PASSIM HUES, Satinets, Tweeds, and Kentucky Juans,
J Lo-uell Plaids, Kerseys and Linseys,
Rose . Whitney, Dulllc arul Point Blankets,
Red. While, Green and Yellow Flannels,
Black and Colored Aiparra and Bomhazi'ue,
Cnshinere, D'Eeosse anal Rep Cashmcro,
Mouiueliiiii de Laiues and Afghtyj Satin I,
Gala Plaid* aiiii small fig.'de Laities lor did Iren's
dresses.
Earlston and American Ginghams,
SO case* Calicoes, a great variety of patterns.
Bleached Sheetings from 4 4 to is 4 wide,
Bleached Shirtings. Cotton Flannels,
Linen and Cottpu (T;tl Je Diaper.
Scotch air'd Russia Diaper, '.‘Hunchback,"
Iriph Linen. Linen Lawns,
J iiptm Cambric ind Cambric Handkerchieff,
aconct Cambric, ^tripeand I’laiJ Jo.
Swiss. Tat If tap and Book Mtaslir.,
Corded ttnj Morseill.Cs Skirts, Grass Cloth do.
Silk Hose and Half liose. plain and ribbed.
Worsted and Cashmere black and colored Hose,
White. Slate. Black aud Brown Ho*9,
Misses' and Bovs’ Hose,
Kid. Silk and Option Gloves. Net Caps, '
(ij;np. Paris Cord, Cords and Tassels.
Muslin and Cambric Edgings and Insert ion.
Lisle Edgings and Inserting*,"Polk Lace,"
Tavtom'a and Coats’ Thread,
Silk HandjterchyMs and Cravats. Gingham Hok'fs,
Flagg and Cotton Handkerchiefs,Suspenders.
Damask. Me/iflo. Wool. Plaid and Net Shawls,
Ghecjs. Plaid syd Stripe Romcspuns,
Tickings, bro.w.n and wit Up Jeans,
3-d-4-4. and 5-4 brown Homespuns,
vile their patrons and the public I w ,*|h a great variety of other goods, which we have lust re-
generally to call and examine their hock eeived.and will sell wholesale niul retail,at the /owes/ mar-
nf goods manufactured expressly for this prices. RUSSELL k KIMBERLY
Washington Hall,
.’ll.1CON, GLOBGIA.
HAVING become sole Proprietor of this
well known HQTEL, repaired and improv-
, e,l its inter ior arrangement*, secured the ser
vice* of attentive servant*, and determined as I am to give
,1. it my own personal end undivided attention, the public
nay ryly upon every attention to tuei • wants aud comfort*
.that In* heretofore characterised this establishment.
The STABLES are well ami amply supplied with pro-
.vshder, snd atteutive and faithful O.tlera. '
In short, nothing shall be wanting tn make tho WASH
INGTON HALL all and more than it bsa been even in
*» palmiest days.
This Establishment has no connexion w^tb any other
"oose in Maccu.
WILLIAM A. MOTT.
Mseon, February 94.1846. ^- |f
TrT’cTh o t e l.
JOHN ROBINSON
llAVIHG rerentlv taken the BRICK HOUSE for-
w •'."'"'■yoerupieil by F. IlDRJCX. and more recently by
ralii W **HD«!TON. informs the travelling community gen-
I*® is prepared to entertain them in at good
fu,.*?*** 11 be met with in Georgia. Hi* table will be
the best the country aff<>rds. and his house
^J*'* w "h careful and attentive servants. His Stables
ll .„ w * n 'l well filled with provender, and a good Ost--
• ID *J W *>* h ' "'tesdauce.
sa«i«r.-*- * * *' , * re «f patronage, aa he can at least give
•"“'•'non in his PRICKS,
market. Their assortment consists in part
Of Gentlemen’s fine 'French L’alf qewyd llqali ofall qu*! J
lt *Gentlemet ’• middling fine,Calf ^>wed snd pegged Boou
ot all kinds.
Gentlentet \s double yolc Calf and Kip sewed and pegg
ed Root*. . _ _
Gemjemer.'a Calf, Goa* and Lasting Brogans orsllhinds.
Gontlemei ’.line Calf and Ktp pegged Brogans or aj)
Kinds and qualities
Ladies'colored and black Gattera of all qualities.
Ladies’ Ki! Buskin*, thin and thick soles of ali kinds.
Mi*«cs’ Gaiters and Half Gaitera. black and colored.
With a 1st ge assortment of children’s Shops of all kinds
and qualities. ... . „ ,,
Also a large assortment of Men s and Boy s course l,ro-
gans. double und single aoles. pegged and nsiled whieh wy
will sell ps low as the same quality can be hoyghj V W
Cl Also. Got Iger’s Patent Metalic GjuR> Elastic Over Shoe*
for Ladies u ud Gentlemen, a new article in (his market,
very low. ,.
Also Calf, Kip, Goat, Lining and Binding
Skit >, SAe Lea/hep, Pigs, Thread,
I’a cut Awls, Lasts, $c. very low.
Brihts ma.l j and repaired to order.
Macon, O. t. 31.1815
Macon, Sept. 16, 1845.
51 tf
4 tf
yi°yd duuuiy. Feb. 17,1846
rt\ a^ ea *oned laiiinber.
U\) 1 if l FEET of seasoned inch plank and ceiling,
• fhJVJ r Pr „ Ie b lhe nnderaigaed
.^•^ 16. ,843. U.MAUL8BV.
ire,
4r
BOOTS MD SIBOES,
In lhe Netr /trick Store on Second+lrect. at the *ign of
the Biff li aot • opposite Gforge M. lagan's Dry Good
Store.
8TRONG k WOODhavingramoved
tneir entire stock of Boots and ^hoes into
the above rpacious building, invite their
old customers and the public generally, to
_ give them a call, assuring them that good
articles at h»v prices shall at all limes be furnished. Their
/all and winter stock, whi.pb embraces every article in their
line, .is nou being rectived, and to which the attention of
the puhlic •» respectfully invited. Their assortment of
Plantation Itrogansia the finest ever offered in th'-* market,
itini'will, to.-ether with all other descriptions, be sold cheap.
They hive jo hand—
Double at d aiogl? anle nailed Brogans,
Double pn'J single sole pegged ' do. several qualities,
Kip Brogansolallqualities and Sizes,
Calf Brngnnsof alf qualities and size*.
Thick and Kip BooD. men and beva.
Calf peggod double and single ante Boot?.
A apleiafiil essorimenl of Gentlemeo’a fin.p sawed Calf
D Genu’ ft ie calf, sewed and lasting Brogans and calfbalf
Boots,
Ladies’line block and colored Gaiter Bools,
Black and colored belf Gaiter Boou.
Fine Botkins amt Tie Walking fihoea-ktd and calf,
Fine br..i ze and blank kid Slipper* end Husktiu.
Misses’ Leather and Morocco Boot*. Buskins. Slips, ami
half Gaiters, with a great variety of Leather, Kid and
Cloth Shoe* for children.
IsRH’bcrl.tist*, Tlirqnd- Pr-ys. t*C.
rCF Bo- ts and Shoes made and repaired aa.uaual.
Mason. October 8 18-15. » ,r
S PERM and LARD QIL;
Linseed Oil; ..
White Lead. No. 1,5. Extra and pane 8X10 and ION 13
Window Glaas. for*lh bv & KIMB|t||r -
October 28, 1845. 4 ,f
S3. & J. Cowles,
n AViNG removed to the new FireProof Ware House-
are now receiving a general assortment of GROCE
RIES, which they offer-for sate at a small advance, consist
ing o)
g io and Java Coffee,
1.1 Gov’t.
St. Croix and N. 0. Sugar,
Loaf Sugar,
New Orleans Molasser,
T^lne Cheese,
Socrin Candles. Soap, and Raisins.
^Kentucky Bagging. Rope, aud Twine,
•• “ very .^ea!vy—a neyr articlp,
*5raS3»?’
Scotch aid Iiiab Whiskey,
Thom Cliampaigne and Port Wine,
Tfie above liquors are of the fiqeat.qua/iiy.
Noreinber 4, 1815-
6 If
rjsr jajE-Tauff'ts si ana—
D. C. HODGKIIVS , ,
(Opposite the Floyd House, Mulberry Street.)
B EGS to inform all persons wlin are afflicted with Itup
ture, that he manufactures TRUSSES to suit ail
cases, an I warranu them of Superior duality, as die ac
companying certificate from a Physician of high standing
will foUy corroborate:
I take great pleasure in recommending Mr. D°dgkinx
to the public, as a judicious construgtfyqf -Tfussea. Hi*
Trusses are easr, safe and effectual.'
' ^' -AMBRQSE BABER.
. i territory, they concur in this view. Indeed, the grounds on
which they place themselves will not admit oftheir support
ing the notice Under any other assump iou. They go fog
the wiiole of Oregon, because they assert that our title to
the whole territory, even up to 5t J 4Uf, is clear and un
questionable, and they lliinU. it better that we should asset t
mat title by arm* than abaudou any pai l or portion of it.—
Hence it is must manifest that .if they thought the no
tice could possibly result in u compromise, they would vote
again* it.
And this view which I take cf the niesrage. and in
which these gentlemen concur, is as 1 believe, the view en
tertained by the country at large. Certainly it is, if we
are lo draw ourcouciusTona lioiii me general" tUneof the pub
he press; or if we are to took at what is, perhaps, u still bet
ter index of public opinion—the course of our intelligent
business men; fur the receptiou nf ilia message had the
must decided effect upon the public' stocks. N i sooner
was iu language beard than insurance immediately rose,
and, as our vessels returned from their foreign voyages, ill-
S.eadof tfieir being sent out again to sea, they were suffer
ed to remain inactive at the wharves.
Such, too, was the view taken by another portion of the
Senate—among widen I consider tny?elfas included—and
who were opposed to the giving ot this notice. They op
posed ilou grounds directly the reverse of those on which
tliese gentlemen advocated it. Those who advocated the
notice did so beca se they believed there would be nbcom-
promise and could be none. We were opposed to the no
lice, because we did not agree with them iu that opinion,
We believed, ou the contrary that a compromise might be
effected, aud a common ground assumed to which both na
tions would agree. We did not’ tlijuli that the American
title tn the whole of Oregon to be so perfectly cljeai ’as tq
be indisputable. We held lliul die title of neither nation to
the whole country was perfect; and, therefore, we could
unt, and did not. believe Uiat two powerful and enlightened
nations, such as Great Britain and the United Slates, would
go to war on such a question, so long as war could by p. s-
sioility he honorably and properly avoided. This w?* the
view of ad whu opposed me giving ol* notice at this time.—
We wished to give to both panics in this controversy a
breathing lime—a season lor calm and mature reflection;
under the .nlluence of which they might come to some just,
nnd honorable, yet pacific conclusion: anil because .we
thought that the immediate giving of such a noii-e 'as
was proposed would bring Great Britain in one or two
alternatives—either to acquiesce in the state of things in
which we had placed the question, so‘as 'to permit" us to
get possession of the territory by the gradual results of co
lonization, or to change the onus, and cast the blame of
making war from our shoulders upon Iters, compelling her"
to take the attitude of the aggryskoy. ‘
There were other gentlemen iu this body who acted
from different views. These vyere in lavor of a compro
mise. They, too, thought that our title wa^i "pot pyrlect,
but yet weie iu lavor of giving uotice, because they be
lieved, notwithstanding the tone aud lauguage of the mes
sage. that the two measures were compatible—ljutl wy
might give this notice to terminate 'the convention, anil yet
effect an amicable compromise"pf ell our difficulties.—
The grounds ou which they come to this conclusion yeem
to be llitee. In the first place, they think that the ‘lan
guage of the Executive shows that he still entertains the
hope uf compromise. They quote lif us Uis express lan
guage, wlirie lie says that he’hopes an aiuicuble arrange
inent may be made of the questions iu dispute.' 1 sinful
ly aware that the President does use ibis'language, and
that the some thing was said twice by the Secretary of
State, in the correspondence; hut it 3eems impossible to
me lhat, outlie plainest and jusiest rules of construction,
the message cait be considered as expressing tbut mean
ing. Jt is a most solemn and weighty State paper, ad
dressed by the Executive of the nation to a co-ordinate
lirsqch of the Government, and in which he is bound to
hold ibp'pjjUiieyt and most explich language—to state yr'ijli
the utmost tVaukiiys's (EJs'rValsehlihi.eiiis.'and lo'give the
reasons on which they are founded. This is liis duly, and
this lie ha* performed, And he says, very dearly, that he
recommends this notice in order that we may assert our ti
tle to the whole territory, und. if necessary, support that
title by arms. 1 cannot look beyond the message fur the
President’s motives. To (lo po would, in iiiy judgment,
be' to disparage tip* character uVthe President:
Another ground taken by the gentlemen, is, that the Pre- )
si,lent wants lo employ this notice as a moral weapon. no(
a physical olio But uo such idea is expressed iu the met- ;
(age. The message of the President is explicit to the con- >
trary. It look* net at a moral, but a phys cil termin*ion of ,
the"difficulty. But. admitting that lie warns lu usu. it as a | _
uiortlw spun, what does that mean? Ij niu -Lu^tru that 1 is iiiennl r.s y him to him to negotiaie for a compromise.,then
he wauls to use it lbrthe purpose of ii,fimi(ialinc- Now, | 1 ? i. tor Sp.eak-jng more plainly. I am most decidedly
l submit lo tits common sense of every gentleman, whether, I nfnmtfpif j-qo'ivocation in matters of sia’.e policy. Lyt us
if tltis notice should bejnrod in lli?t light, with a great | say blatnly what we mean to say. If we mean cijiqiZoBitiy.
an I powerful nation like'Great Britain, ii« effect,"instead j lr^ us say .'oinpn ntire; and not spud the Presidein a reso-
of leading to a compromise, would not he precisely tlie re- ju:ton on whiclt.he u.a, putjui-t nny iu'.erpit tration lliatpuils
verse. Jt wpuld he a direct appeal to her fears, (o induce- I l»m ; . - .
her tP yjeld. under such motive, what she would not yield
o.herwise.
The third reason is, that the convention of 19lj). and re
newed in IS27, was wrung from the heginuing; thut, "as a
measure of policy, it was a great mistake; that lurfi'fl wnjt
to letter the asset tiou of pur rights: and tlrat'it would hav ( e
been beuey, an laVas oyr",r^ts in tile.territory were cun-
c’eVticd, n there bad been mi eucbconvention nt all. In that
'(million f ca'i - 11 — 1
“Macon. 19th February. 1846."
M-accn, Febj.uary $4, 1846.
Family Flour.
BBLS extiaaoperfine, just received by
December 23, 1845.
THOMAS TAYLOR.
Hull’ll Buckwheat.
Qfk PACKAGES extra choice, just received bv
eJU THOMAS TAYLOIt.
December 23,1845. ‘ 13
For Eienf. /"
TITHE store recently oerupied by Mr..\JT. A* Robertson,
X on Cotton Avenue^ "Tertns moderate. Apply to T.
(5. peiiipsey at M fs. Cooper’s boarding-house ou Mulberry
Street, or to Messrs. Rea k Cotton.
January 20. ISIS. 0 tf
celled any previous credit to w hich he might have entitleJ
himself. - i . • •
Such was the sfajeeffthing* wlien this resolution of notice
was first inlrorliif (NT into the Senate. Sinre then, as I have
said, t :ere haf, been a mighty change, public opinion has
developed itself, not only on this, but on the other side of
the Atlan;ip; and that voice of puhlic opinion has uttlered it-
self most avn'lidy an • clearly in favor of a compromise —
Here, loo, the same change "has hern manifested, insomuch
that I hazard noihing when I say that c large, a very large
majority el tjiis body is at this m met.) in favor ol a entn-
pr noise—an honorable roinprpmis*. And does tint nil the
l.'ii c ii-ice and com'lnct of the British Gqvejntne nt itself clear
ly t’rmims! rate tbafitfi* infa'vop nf a gopipromisv: and sub-
atantinlly en the jiasjs we hare op* sejvfs oljei edY Si r? I
em that no intelligent ami tellecting mail rail read die lan
guage of Sir Robert feel in reply to LorJ John Russell,
ami not see that he i* prepared to act on a proposition sub
stantially the same with that which was rejected by Mr.
Pakenham. This declaration of tile Premier of Great
Britain was made with very great effect; Uis object in making
it was n *t to censure the able and very faithful representa
tive of Great Britaitiin )his country, but tn give einpha-isto
lhe assurance that he was ready tn make a just and fair
compromise nf the disputed question. I hope sincerely
that ou- Government has nut overlooked that declaration; it
was a direct step towardscoinprnnii.-e, ami I trust it has been
met in the same spjrit. I trust that intelligence lias, before
this time,'gone abroad to Great Britain to that effect, so as
to remove the only difficulty which now lies n the wi..
Under the views p>at I entertain, it is no longer n ques
tion whether our difficulties may be paci rally arraneed cr
not; nr r is it even a question as to the manner; it is simply a
question oflime. But there nupht to be no delay, because
the business of both nations and of the world require that it
should be settled. On great, and momentous, and delicate
questions like these, there are the highest public reasons
why there should be no delay. Once settle the question of
Oregon, and we may then settle the qnestinn of Mexi
co; but till then. Mexico will calculate tlie chances of a
rupture'between U3 and Gicat Britain, and if she sees
any chance of a war against us, the will gn over to I
the Bower which makes war upon us. Rem-.ve these
chances, put ah end to such iinpe. anii speedily Settle every
pending question between her and the United Slater; and
" then, 1 trust, that we shall deai gen ronsly with he-. She
in weak—feeble in the extreme— and I trust that we shall
adopt no harsh measures with l er.
I hive now explained the change which ha* taken place
in the hearing of thi* measure ol notice on the question of
peace and war. The change consists in this: Fiat when the
notice was recommended there existed no hope of* comprp.
luise, but now tbe highest and irios) confident hope is felt by
almost all Now. therefore, thefe is no gre'ijt jiitprcst con
nected with our deciding this question of cofire, one way «r
another. Just in prrpt j-.ion as the prospect of compromise
was final!, the importance of the notice was great; but. as
the prospect ef compromise increases, the measure of notire
becomes of less and less importance. We have now rea
died n poipt when we ran decide the question without
tnuglt feeling on either si dp".'
I now- proceed to inquire whnt is the bearing of this mea
sure on the po.-ition of the Executive, and what on the po
sition of the part’ex in this body.
The conduct of the Executive must now be greatly chan
ged. He must ;et Very differently pojy from y.ha| he would
have done when he rerrmT.ended the notice under the f er-
suasion that there could be no compromise, bat tliat pre
must assert our right by arms. That he can advise the
same thing now which lie advised then, ia impossible —
Then, he had not the remotest expectation ofa compromise,
lf now lie has a different view, and thi ks that Great Brit
ain ig ready to meet us with an offer such as we made. I bprp
say, that if he shall now decline that ('flee. I do not'en vy
him the consequences that shall fiillow. The change which
has taken place is not a change in the Fry idpnt; it is a
change in the state of thing*. So far from its luting any in
consistency, t is, on the contrary, the highest consistency tn
agree to a compromise when matters h .vp rearjied a poipt
which .was not contemplated wlieti he sent ps his messng.e.
There i* prevalent an ting us a great error in regard lo this
matte- of eonristeney. Sopie persons think lhat consistency
consists in a uniform mllieience to one policy, let the eir-
cumstanres of the country change or rot. Olliers think thaj
consistency lies in always hinking thp sspte way.afier a
man has seen the mosf cqg-nt reasons (or changing his or in
ion. Thg eppsijit-nrv of these persons is much like the
rnprsp of a physician "who. in the treatment of a maligm-n
fever, should give emetics and calomel at the beginning, and
then hold himself bound to continue tn give emetics and
calomel through every subsequent stage of the "die,ease.—
Consistency like this wop <1 kill tbe patient; and there is
no s)air?mBH worthy of .tlie name whu would bo guilty of
tho political quackery nf advocating always the same ceurte
of policy, th icgli the circumstances cf Ids country had com-
I letely titered.
But not only has tn i Executive position changed, jbut the
position of tlie parties in the Senate has changed in'no less
degree; and my friends h e T. e "who go for .all pf Oregon
/1 trends I wli call them, lor J have no other than the most
friendly feelings towards them) must end do feel that there
has been a change. So long as they thought lhat notice was
wholly inconsistent with any compromise, they weie its
warm ent|tppie?tic pdvocgt.ee ; bpt new, wlijen'Uiey begin to
discover lhaj. noiwitbatnndipg the giving ol the notice a com
promise may still be effected, they find themselves .without
the same reason for their former zeal; and 1 shall not be at
all surprised if. before this question is finally put, these veiy
gentlemen shall vote against the notic- altogether.
But I trust the friends fo whom I allude have undergone
a sliil further change b, sides that of their positiop, I trust
they now begin to see that there are some doubts in regard
to our title to the whole of Oregon. That il is unquestiona
ble they cannot now see; for it has been questioned with
great ability in 'help preicnce on this floor. 1 know, indeed,
that their convictions tiave'becn as honest ns they have been
stiung. But, admitting that our tide seemed to them ever
so clear, is not son ething due to the changes which have
since taken place ? ' Is nothing due to tke lact that a major
ity even of their own poliiical friends think that our titie is
not so clear but that a couiprunise may be honorably effect
ed J Is mjtljing dye to tfieir opinion 7 And doe? not thg
mere fact of such a division ofopinion among men perfectly
honest on both sides pieseipt ih.e strongest reason .why th,e
dispute need not nnd ought not to tije decided by force ? I
appeal to these Senators aa patri.ota, as wise and prudent
men. to say, when our content is with so great a Power,
whether they are willing to hazard all for a question ,on
yvhich the opinijns of (pod and Impost men all over their
country are undeniably ifivided. I appeal to them even as
party men, to say whether they will iji.-iston pushing this
question to such an extreme as.tn divide their party. '
As lo the other portion of the Senate, (in w hich 1 consider
mvselfas included! it is undeniable that a gieat change has
taken pl«ee. I fee! it myself. Nothing could onre bayp in
duced me to coiiseoi to the notice i (commendrd by the
President; but now it is very possible 1 may give my vote
for a modified notice in some form.
And this brings ine now, at length, t,o the direct qr,estio/i
Shall we give to Great Britain the notice proposed, dr shall
we not 7 The question is not free froni doubt.
.One reason in its favor is. that it will prevent the contin
ued agitation of this Oregon qura.imi being Kept up in the
country and .carriedinto the i,ext Presidential election :—
The measure of notice, if properly qualified, will, 1 rrust,
keep all quiet uulil the year has expired, and that then tjiei.c
will h.e no r.unii for any further difficulty.
Another reason in it* favor is, thaj in allgrobability Great
Br’tain will not makes final moye oinil.Cojtgiessshasl have
tried on the s,ubjccl; so that w e should, as Seen as possible,
do something in the matter. If it were not lor the force of
this c.dnpiileratiQn, l should bo for postponing the notice for
(lie presen?.
And now to the question, in what form die notice shall l e
given? 1 will vote, under no circumstances, for snaked
absolute notice. The circumstances of the case have great- .
ly changed. We ore not in the same stat f e .of jjah'C* which i
existed whep ihjs Exceptive jitesjage firsi came in; and I
rni pot vise' under the rcniolesi impression that there will,
bp ho coinprn,wi*e. If any gciilleiiinn once hoped r.o, and
would have gone for the ito.ice undey that hope,tlmt motive
has now passed away. ' ' "
Nor cun 1 vote for the res^pi.u:ioji which lias been sent us
fromllie ITcttse of Heproseiitatives. I have two o: jeclions
to jt. It i» equivocal pi its meaninp. JI it means to declare
dial the Tresideatjnay s.eitle lliiu difficulty by coinprombe
ii means nothing, lot the President lias that right; but if it
CaOsIldl Cllfcxe.
kfY Lj.fit. superior Go-hen Cheese.
4v/ul I 500 IbJ. Pine Apple Cheese, in store for sale
by ‘ THOMAS TAYLQR-
•" December23, I84J. ?3
opinion 1 cannot concur; I dissent from it wholly: 1 hold
precisely the opposite opinion; I believe tliat. but for the con-
ventibn, the preservation of our rights could have been ef-
fectedouly by an appeal to arms. We must either have
gone to war in 1818 and 1827. or must have acquiesced
tn the hostile claims of Great Br tain, (for in that case diry
would hnve been hostile.) If we could at that time have
obta ned the latitude of 49° as a compromise boundary, it '
would have be-n wise in us to have done so; but we at
tempted il in vain That attempt failing, w at other alter
native was left us? Either this convention nr war. The
c invention was a substitute for war; and, while it prevented
war, it at the (same time preserved our rights m Oregon
inviolate so long as the convention should cuuiinuc. I
think lhat those who entered into lhat treaty acted wisely.
It : has become'blit U)(f loaunbit at this day for us to sit m
judgtfiept na jhe acta'of our predecessors, and to pronounce
them tn have "be^p" iftijust, unwise, or yiijiatrioiic, while
we pass over lhc' ( fircuinslaiu'es of their dav, and under
which they acted. Look nt the men eojieetned. Loi k at
Mot-.roc—at ltush—at Clay; it would be hard, indeed, tu.
pronounce men like these to have been eilhpr unpatrioticor
j unw-jse. Or, if we look at tbe gieat names of those who
i have since ncquiesced in the measure they adopted—ut
Jackson, and at oihers since—it wool 1 be hard to ssy tliat
such men deliberately acquiesced in an arrangement, hostile
I to the best interests nf theif country. I do not name the
: prominent individual concerned; (understood to refer to
| Mr. Adams.) bemuse Ins course since that lime hat cah-
If wc.giva this ivptire at pi!, I ffiii.jc U'obnuM be given
substantially as lias been proposed by die gridIVntaii frcm
Georgia. If I conseiitjo the ini ice, it will bo a»T Here
said, to keep tlijj? ngii^iiou {• oni 11null g Ijito the next Fieri-
dentiid c'(y-.:i ,ii, and final y t.> teriuluale tl.c question ; nnd
if wv"give it at ail. let us five it pieciaety a* we intt-n i. ex-
pressing the opiuiuh that the difficulty should be aittlt d-ty
cuiniiruuiTse. So.much 1 feel inclined to vote for.
But this whole measure i.-» sui ordim.le to a "higher cr,I,
viz ; :uv. preservation of peace, awl.if« sc tlginei I <•! .our
difliridtie* willicut a resort to arms. My vote in record to
notice will rest on die question wlictbrr the retire will ad
vance Ihrt end or not. And I ,-hali, therel'oie, revei ve my
self until I shall he snt'sfied ori if at point.
I have thus Hated w hy I am lor a cmiipromi-r, and hnw
far 1 um in favor ol* giving notice. 1 vote on boil. *i,i jecls
under cifromstaores in w'lieh l tin,I myself-placed. ami for
which 1 am not iu the lepst rtspnnsibU-. 1 ym iloii g the best
I can where I find uijaelf, add to',n w hat I Tkrfghi fnive done
uuder different cin uinsjcia C-. I repeat that f r there rirc
cumstanee* f am h*H respons l.le. I early resis-e’d iliarrlste
of things which has now chine to pass. In 1843. this ques
tion for the first time assumed a dangerous.aspect. 1 ilien
saw, or thought I uw, w-liat whj Coming, and ] examined
tlie question under all jts aspects." Afirr '(he maturest re
flection I came to the cm.e'Osinn w hich 1 then stated. I saw
lhat there were two routes before us; one of them was !o
adhere to the Convention of l827.io do nothing to teimiuate
it, and lo adhere sti icll.v and rigidly lo it< provisions. I saw
that although f r a tin e that convention opera'ed I enrfidi 1-
Jy for Great Britain, .vet the peri.-d-was at hand wlien our
turn would come lo derive it* benefits. Its rpei aliens ilncw
into her hands the whole fur tra -e of that region, and we
Mood hy while the whole of that rich harvest w as renprd by
her subjects ; but I saw that we would soon derive the ino-t
important advanteges fiiom lire provisions of the treaty.—
The resistless increase of our population, and tbe gradual
; progress of tfieir enterprise, was bringing them fast tv tlr i
foot of the Bocky Mountains. The great South Pass 1 a I
b-*end scqy.cred, nnd I saw UnuHe >eutementot Uregon uy
A ner.cau citizens was rnpidly approa, hiug.
It we should only adiiPre strictly 'tii ih convention, tho
progress of things would eveiitually'dcride who should have
tho possession of the territory. ()*ur power to populate" tho
region, and thus to obtain' its, at-i'fial p'osser.sion, wns far
g,enter than that of Great Jirijain. Ira distance ftotn es
as juries*: tbe access to it wu* jiirJugh ati’open. grassy
c 'Un(ry, slid, p> men so active and Hardy ns ojr Wester r
pioneers, the jc.uiney presented ciinp’iirulively but film l
difficulty ; whereas to reach Oregon Irrqn Great Britain lot
qu t;cd # oircuinnavigaiion of twenty thousand' miles—q
space bpt little short of the circumference ef tl e globe. Of
l*t , n' 1 .' 8 , on Uie face of the earth, pr senm g to her tho
pcssbilfty ol colonization, Oregon was tke rnpst remote.—
'J he.-e were hundred of colonies that lay nearer,'it ml pre-enf
ted a |ie[:er soil aud climate. Even New Jf-'aleml was
neurer (if the shores of England. All. therefuiei'Uiat Wef
had th do wns to slick to tire convention, to observe all ils
r,r ivisf,.,is wijh the most scrupu’oua fidelity, and then let
the rpiffsttop of title be quietly aud gradually nett ed hy .ho
a-tuaroccupmi ill and possession ot"the "coantrv. 'in this
coarse thtre was hut one impediment: Great Britain might
gi.e the notice. But I had no such fear; for I had rea’d tho
■liscussiona ol" thi* question en her side, 4'atf I thought I
dearly uw she placed nog; eat value upo^' pregon. ad u
permanent posse, sion of the B'ritish crown, bufrather se-ir..
ed to conclude that, lioni its geographical position, the Uni-
ted Slntes must ultimately get the w hole of if. But, even if
her c^lcujation was otheiw : se, there were great impede
nreitis iu the way of Fier'giving notice to terminate the con
vention. She could do so if she pleased ; socruld we: this
wad an express provision i f the treaty, and could not. In it
self, he considered as a hostile r-invo nt'i.t ou either side.'—
But there was'another convention w hich Great Britain coni
tends to he still pi existence, but w hich we insist has expi-’
red, and_that is the convention of Nootka. This tieafy cif-
No Ilka is in strict analogy with our convention of 1618: "and
ir she should give us iio notice, it could not Fe set nsii'e uh-'
less its provisioiia 'vjfcru violated. We had observed thu
terms of our convent’Ah. a^fi this furedcsed hei fr m tho
possibility of such a movement. '
It seamed, jlipn. to me clear as the Fght of hegaep that
it wou d no'j ao far us to niakc a movement of any kind.—a
We might, indeed, give cur people some facilities in tern h-
ing the gountj-y ; and when they got there we might extend
"our laws over 1 them' personally, but not territorially. I
doubted then, stiff I sti / doubt, even the expediency of go
ing so far as that'; tut most clearly, we could not set-np ou r
laws tl.gre terrjio'rially; because the moment we sin ul I d-j
that, wri must establish a cu*t(.in-Lon*e. end levy anil c I ect
duties; aiid il there is any tiling can alienate the aflecti* n't"
of those people from us, it will he the c-.l ection of high ( t^-
lies. Our people have gone there as their fathers came to
New England at the beginning; and ore impr- tai.t e rl
they seek ia the enjoyment of free trade. They \ fieri ie nl
as earnestly for the free enjoyment of the trade ot tl e l'-.ci-
fiu as their anrestors (lid for that • f the Alhtutfc before the
llevoluiicn. If we levy high duties ou their infant trade!
they w ill soon find a neighboring Power who will rxteti<i tti
them greater advantages iu lies respect, and whore i fi •
•no4» icmj «J(v 4err«kiH-j frffm jxni. ' .. —.
been to let them ilipre aud gflrern ibemselves. That U
a’ buaiues« lor wfiifrii ’they's-tpi to have’ a tialiV* iftsjjncf,
tliat parks their origin. Let then, go tliere and settle lW<
coimfry. and then gradually, ai d with great judgment and
caution, extend our laws over them, as it mt y beer me ne
cessary ; lor here is the most delicate and critical point in
the whole affair.
The other course tliat lay open tp us was that pointed out
in the LjiJ of 1943, which provided for the practical assertion
of our rights in the teniiory. and (he exercise of our sove
reignty there to a certaiu extent, b.v the passage of certain
general laws. I thought this course not to be a fit and prop
er one. I saw very plainly wTiat won!J J,e the consequence;
and. indeed, it requircs'bui little reflection to perceive lliisi
To extend our settlements in Oregon, in conformity with
th.e provisions of that bill, would be in- opsistent with thu
tcj-giS of the cnuyeiqiuu, (ind would rpcerltly bring us either
to negotiation orjowar. J. apticipaieii toatihe result would
he negotiation. And what then? Negotiation must end
either in compromise or war. I never could believe in anrj
other result. 1 also saw that, if we compromised, it must
be o i the parallel of 4U' 5 . The past hioorv of the whom
mailer decided lhat: ami, besides, ns 49 J was the boundary
on this side the mountains, inch people would think it rea-
scuable and natural it should be tbe boundary on the otfiJr
side.
Rut I would go neither for nolice nor for compr niise. so
long as we could persevere iu what 1 ronceive to be tliq
true American policy. Hence I did resist tlie bill of 1843.
in common with many able men in both Houses. It passed
here by an equivocal majority ol one vme, (the Senator vo
ting under instructions in the affirmative) but it was lost in
lh.e other House. Since then the proposition for m t ee has
been repeated, with a view to taking possession of tbe wliolq
Country, j^ud so now we are where w<j are—a position
which all ought to have foreseen-^-wbere^yve mun compro
mise or fight. * V " f '
1 say, then, if there is spy responsibility att: <-bed :p tho
circumstances in w hich J fiu.l inyjelf. 1 stand acquitted of
any participation in it. Tli,e ri-snepsibility lie* among my
friends on the right. I doitji; pm they acted pnlrimiraijy,
hjit imp: l etiily—in .iJjrdicii-.-e to tlie impatience of their
people. They have suffered themselves to be uu.-lied iuto
their present position wilh.oui due reflection.
Now, being brouglp to the alternative by circumstances
over which I have no cqiptrol, I go for i.odipiomise and
against war. But in tbig coursp I fin actua.ed by >.o uq-
manly fear of copsequencea. 1 know tliat, under tlie exist
ing state (if the yvorld, vvt is are scmeliaaes necessary: thp
utmost regard lor justice and equity car.not always prevent
them. Ap 1 w hen war must be piei, I shi U i e among the
last to flinch: I may appeal to my past" history iu support of
this assertion. But I am averse from going to war in this
qurs ion, for’tlie reasons 1 have given. But n(t for tlipsp
on y. I have still higher reasons. Although wars may at
limes be necessary, yet peace is a positive good, and war ia
a positive qvil; and I cling tn peace so long, as it ran bq
preserved cohyTstently .with tffe national safety and bom g ;
a,ml I am aguinst war so long as it can be avoided w t'mt a"
sacrifice of either. I ant ojipof.eil lo .war in this case, bet
cause n,eUh,6r iff'lffefp exicdnc'.es exisi: it may be, as I con
ceive, avoided wiihout a.-i,crificiiig either the national honuc
or the national safety. Rut if these dangers did exist, to a
.certain.extent, war ip siiill.ighly inexpedient; becarse out:
rights in Or.egon cap b.e sustained with more than an equq)
chance of s.u.ixcfs wiihout war than with it- This is a gieat
and weighty reason against war. He who goes so stoutly tp?
war for-all of Oregon or none,” may possibly come outpF
il witli “none". I concede to my country men tbe possession
of all the Slavery, patriotism and inteli'genre which can bja
claiine'ff ,or them, but we shallgo into this contest wit)i gre at
disadvantages on our side. As long as Great Britain has a
large force in the east, and is mistress of tbe sea, sbe esu
carry on the war at much less expense.
There is another reason why I am opposed lo it; the w ae
would somiceage to be for Oregon ; tbe struggle would hit
for euipii e; and il wnuld be between tlie greuirst Ppwpr iit
Europe on the one side, and the greitest a ad meat gn.wii.g
and spirited people of the VVesl on the other. Jt wnulil bji
pressed on upon both sides with ail tlie inree, yigof, epet-
gv, nnd perseverance of two gieat aad hrnjrp nations; eni b
would strike the oilier in lhe mrtt vu!i.*-ra)>le point, aoff tho
blows would be tremendous. Amidst tbe uproar of surh a
contest, jOregon woulrl soou be/orgoiten— piterly forgotten s
to be recovered, if at all, ou the vostipccucies of success or
the reverse.
My next reason is. that, though i) is alleged that we must
fight in order lo protect our citizens in Oregon, inciead of
their protection war would ensure their utter destri ctioii.
Ilia the moat certain wav to icarifice them. This 1 will
never cousent lo do. They are American citizen:—our
brethren and kindred. We bare rncruragrd tJ'tjn to go
there ; and I never \vi:l "ive a vole the result of which must
be their utter ami sj eeuy dtilrmikn Jlut if »e ins ke n
cotn[ roraise on latiludy JLDel, Ipry k)|| be safe—for, if I ■«
lightly informed, tfier'e is I ot a man of them lobe found
north of that'line. This will carry all tbe points we kava
in view, iuslrad ofsn.crifii ing them all,
lam against war, ,too, fpr reasons coimnon to the whole
Union, fb'jlieve that the most successful and triumphant
war we could (jopsiWy w*ge—e«en if in icn vests wo
shqojd glii pll the most txttavagant advocate of war has
Hired to hope for—il we ei uld take the Canadas, am)
New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia, and every other Brit
ish iinssession, and drive her tins from the whole onIVinert!I
ati(/pro3.ecni.e nor advantage* till we had arm mplial ed tho
(fownfal* of the British throne, and she should y itjl uji
spear ai d shield ai d trident at our feel, it would be’to uk
the most disastrous event dial could happen. 1 ("o not oovj
all.ude lo the ravages and desolatb-i s i.f'Svarfa/ei'to tho
oceans of blood that tnuM flow, and the various inkerie*
that ever accompany the contest of arms; because I huvo
never observed that the statritieut of ifiese things liad any
great effect upou a brave people. No doubt the evils
would le vetv great, because there are I'd two natjma iu
t' e world who eaa do earn other »» tnni-h Jiifrm in wjr, ol
sn'mw. h good in pence, ns Girni Britain and the Uniieil
The devart itinn wou'd lie ttemendous on boib
lor this may all I ts
t red. The indou.itrblfi induilry. and enterpi so, ai d
teveraai-eof oar widett Spiead and'still spreadit g , u 1
so inn. h
8nt*i.
sides. But nil this goes for nothin
epai
persererar
multiplying population, will aofili jjikF wa>8 nnd means of
repajiing: whaierer me a lv physical disasters war caB in
flict. Hut war lias ftr heavier inflicriuns fora free people f
it works a social and political change in the penp e ll em-
,e!ves,niid in the chnrneier ol their institutions. A war
such ns ilii*. will be of vast extent; every nerve nnd muse lu
rn either slffe will be strained to the utmost; every coin-
inam'ahle di.JInr wi fBe pot in requisition, not a prtrtifin cl"
oiir eht'/e frontier hut will heci me lhe sret.e ol cotitesu—
It will he a Mexican war no the one side, and an Indian
war upon the' other, lis fl. me* v id be till around us; it
wilt litfa war on the Faeifir end n vthr on the Atlantic: it
will rhpe 'ou every side art# fill l lo- fi. n:!. Foppose Oi cgi u
shalf be aha'adoiied. ve tm si »n;-r seven Biinirc mil iwo
navies: »e tnuM raise and *q‘rip ah a my : garnn ilro Mex
icans; and lei no mnn sneer
Under the guidance and t
Mexican populath'8 o n I «
See what Britain has in.-dc
The Mexican* are iri :: vi r
will form the cHerpcitf of •>
and g(’“d pay. they ir.oy b
force. Then We must hav
* outberii frontier, and an -ill
tier, and another to operate
and slillanother tocov:r ot
ng i r
lert-d
cli a Pi/
tlie*-:?.
IV)