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COL. BAKKK.
C’ol. Biker, of'the Illinois Volunteers, who j
returned from Mexico, in order to have an op-
portunity of making an appeal before Congress
in behalf .of the Volunteers, made an admirable j
speech on the 28th ult. His remarks attracted
un versal attention, md hemado an able ex
pose cf the sufferings and privations of the Ar
my in ‘ Mexico,—the necessity for reinforce
ments, nnd of pushing the war to a close, be
fore the rainy season sets in. The following is
an abstract of Col. Baker’s romnrks:
Mr. Baker, Colonel of one of the Illinois re
giments, and who still claims a seat on the floor
until the 15lh of January next, obtained the
fl >or. He said that Congress did not appear
to be well informed as to the condition of things
in Mexico, and he would present a few facts.—
It was his desire that members act immediately
and efficiently. The army needs more men
and more money. He was informed by Maj.
Abercrombie that the*effective forces do not
exceed 11,500 fighting men. With these there
were many posts to be garrisonod. Whether
we fight at San Luis, Vera Cruz, or under the
walls of Mexico, we cannot hope lo succeed,
according to our present desires, with eleven,
twelve or fourteen thousand men to conquer
eight millions of people. It bod been said that
there was no necessity for reinforcing the ar
my, because peace was no nearear now than
when we first engaged in the war. We ought
to have thought of this before we declared war,
or contemplated an invasion. Three import
ant battles havo been gained, and our army
have advanced thiee hundred miles into .Mexi
co. In his opinion, this had not crippled or
weakened the power of jhe Mexicans, who
were now more concentrated, and stronger,
and were making heroic efforts to defend their
country. He was certain that nothing we had
done had convinced the Mexicans that we are
able to conquer them. The Mexicans retired
from Monterey with almost all their arms—
they left what they least wanted, and can ob
tain most readily. “Conquer peace” is yet to
be done. And how? He had understood the
President had recently called out nine or ten
additional regiments, and that the regiments in
Louisiana, North Carolina, Virginia, and Mas
sachusetts are not formed. Supposing them
nil to go, what then? There would be about
seven thousand additional men. Get them
there, and what then? Santa Anna, we are
told, has twenty-five thousand men, in a fine
state of drill. The church, the clergy, land
holders, men of the old revolution, the Mexi
can women, all have a burning desire to repel
the northern invaders from their shores.—
Whatever, therefore, is to be done, must be
done this winter. How many of those who ne
ver saw a battle are sleeping their last sleep
on the banks of the Rio Grande! There lie
the bones of nearly two thousand men, who
never met the enemy! It is one of the most
sickly climates on earth. His regiment was
composed of eight hundred and twenty men;
young, hearty, gallant and patriotic. Rive J
hundred of them had lived on the proceeds of
their labor, when at home; seven hundred could
earn more than three times as much as they re
ceived as volunteers. Nearly one hundred
sleep peacefully on the Rio Grande, and two
hundred had returned to their firesides, skele
tons and in decayed health. This was true of
the Tennessee, Kentucky, Alabama, and In-
diana regiments—and of every other regiment,
and in consequence of the climate, and the
change of water and food. Ho did not men
tion these things by way of complaint. In
what the volunteers had done, they were stim
ulated by the hope of glory, that they might be
honored while living, and mourned when dead.
What can be gained by delay? How is peace
-to be attained? Are we to go forward, or re
tire? If we must retire, let us do it now; if we
must go on, act at once. Send our men com
fort and assistance—it is cold-blooded cruelty,
if you refuse. Let them be well provided with
help, and necessaries, that they may advance,
and spread our banners over the city of Mexi
co. He did not for a moment think that Mexi-
co can be easily conquered. The climate fights
for the Mexicans. The Mexican soldier gets
fat on what would starve our soldiers to death.
Their horses require no food. He meant, they
required nothing in comparison to what ours
did. Every bushel of oats consumed by our
horses had to be conveyed two thousand miles.
He was sure of one thing—he spoke of his own
regiment particularly. Our volunteers pant for
battle; they think we ought to reinforce them;
they desire to strike effective blows before their
twelve months expire. The regulars and vol.
unteers desire, but deserve more than they de
sire, more comfort from us than they have yet
received. In the Senate a bill had been re-
ported, giving them three months extra pay
and allowance. Ho hoped it would be done;
the volunteers and regulars needed it now.—-
The sullen chargedhigh for what they sold.—
A gallant young man, reduced to a walking
skeleton, paid a sutler fifty cents for a pound
cf cheese, to moisten his lips; sugar was fifty
cents a pound; bakers' bread ten cents, and ev
ery thing in proportion. Volunteers, it has
been shown, are equal for any emergency, af
ter doing what they had done at Monterey, and
suffering what they suffered. He addressed
his remarks to gentlemen on both sides—they
should dbcurd all political questions in this
contest—in the army we are all whigs and all
democrats, lie begged gentlemen not to in
dulge in crimination nnd recrimination about
the causes cf the war. Let not the army suf
fer—give them uid and comfort, now; let there
be action, action, action. He was just fresh
from the volunteers, and had witnessed their
suffering, though it had been his misfortune not
to be engaged in a battle. He hoped the sym
pathy of the House would be manifested in tlie
support of a resolution which he designed to
offer. It was written by the Secretary of War.
(Cries of “Read,” “read.”)
Tlta Clerk then read the resolution—That the
Secretary of War be authorized to be delivered
.to any officer in command of a volunteer regi
ment, clothing for the men. to be delivered to
each non-commissioned officer, musician and
private, at government prices ; to be entered on
the pay roll and deducted from his pay.
Col. Baker remarked that the clothing of the
{volunteers had been in use six months. They
had slept in it, and it was now .worn out. They
are poorly, miserably provided. There is no
frothing that can be purchased on the Rio
Grande or at Tampico. There ai.c* in tlie de
pots of the United States, large supplies—clo
thing so furnished, will be received by volun
teers as a portion of their pay. General Tay
lor desired this, and it was among the objects
lor which Col. Baker " its ordered to Wash ng-
lon. II•: wanted our men, while hurling defi
ance to tiic Mexicans, to look decent. Tho
resolution merely proposed clothing, instead of
money. Let the resolution be pasted to-day,
that the Senate may act on it to-morrow. He
s.iokc o! nothing lie had seen in the way of
lighting. He had come from the m det of the
gallant army. He could pledge himself that
the army would do their duty ; they want to
fight before the walls of Mexico. They want
to conquer a speedy peace. If we do not ob
tain this desirable end in four months, the time
would be far distant.
Col. Baker’s speech effected the passage of a
resolution, instructingthe Secretary of War to
provido every volunteer in Mexico with cloth
ing, at the actual cost of it to the United States.
THE GEORGIA TELEGRAPH.
Macon, Tncsday Morning, Jannary 19,1817.
07 The undersigned will attend the Adjourned Torm
of Houston Superior Court, on Wednesday. 20th iniunt f
prepared to settle any business appertaining to the Txle-
GRAnt Office. Those indebted in that county, will please
prepare to settle the same, | >W. 15. HARRISON.
tt/ 4 * The sad relics of the lamented HolmeSj
whose death at Monterey it was our painful du
ty some time since to announce, reached the
city yesterday at one o’clock, by the southern
train of cars, in charge of Mr. George Robin
son, the friend who accompanied them from
the Army, A committee from the Columbus
City Light Guards, the Masonic and Odd Fel
low Lodges of that city, the Lodge at Thomas-
too, and a committee ofgeutlemen front this city
who went up in the nine o’clock train to meet
them. They were met at the Depot by the
Macon Volunteers, Lieut. Conner, the Floyd
Rides, Lieut. Denton, who, together with a
numerous concourse of citizens, followed the
body in mournful procession to the late resi-
dence of the deceased, where it will remain un
til 11 o’elock this morning. The funeral will
take place on Thursday at 12 o’clock from the
City Hall.
ft/ 5 * The Savannah papers of Thursday last
announce the death io that city on the 13th inst.
of Col. Everahd Hamilton, formerly a citizen
of this place, but for the last five years a resi
dent of Savannah. Col. Hamilton once filled
the honorable office of Secretary of Slate of
Georgia, and was esteemed through life a
sincere Christian and an upright and honorable
man.-
05 s * It will be seen by reference to our ad
vertising columns, that Mr. Hard? gives an ex
hibition of Ventriloquism at the Apollo Saloon,
on this and to-morrow evenings, when all who
desire to witness his astonishing performances
should attend.
THE- NEXT NEWS.
The next steamer from England will be the
Hibernia. She was to have left Liverpool on
the 4th inst., and will bring dates, one month
later than the last accounts. Her advices may
be expected by Thursday or Friday.—They
may, however, be anticipated by the New York
packet, to sail from Liverpool on the 6th, or by
other sailing vessels to someof the Atlantic ports,
making short trips, under the influence of the
late prevalent easterly winds,
INCREASE OP THE ARMY.
The Washington Fountain of Wednesday
last has the following paragraph :
“ We leaj n from the highest authority that
the President, in executing the law for the in-
creaeeof the regular Army, (if the bill as it pass
cd the House yesterday shall pass the Seuale)
intends to accept volunteer companies and reg
iments, and to grant commissions to the officers
of their own choosing, instead of resorting to
the slow process of enlisting recruits and ap.
pointing officers of his own selection.”
MEXICO.
We see no reason to change the opinion
which we have nil along entertained, that the
termination of the war is far off, unless it is
waged with a vigor, which will enable our
army to carry every thing before it. By a let
ter from the Squadron, dated the 28th ultimo,
published in the New Orleans papers of the
11th in$t., we learn that Santa Anna has been
elected President of Mexico by Congress, and
Gomez Fatias, Vice President. The writer
adds, that Congress had been up to the date of
the last accounts from the capital, entirely oc
cupied with the election, “one or two speeches
have, however, been made upon the state of
the national finances, and the means of raising
money lo carry on tho war. It is estimated
that a loan of a million is indispensable to fur-
nish arms, and it is stated that Santa Anna is
urgently calling on the Government to supply
him with arms and munitions of war. The
corps of the National Guards of Mexico are
very poorly supplied. There is no indication
that the peace propositions of the United Suites
will receive any favorable consideration. The
subject lias not yet been broached by Congress.
LOUISIANA REGIMENT.
This regiment, says the Delta of Friduy last,
is now located at Fort Johnson, and hourly ex*
pected to start for the seat of War. We are
informed that Gen. Brooke received orders
from the War Department, some days ago, to
send this regiment immediately to Mexico, and
lliat the delay has been solely owing to tho
want of vessels for transportation. This diffi
culty, however, we are happy to learn, has
been obviated, and it is more than probable
that to-day, or to-morrow, this gallant body of
the citizen soldiers of Louisiana, will, for a
time, bid adieu to their homes and firesidest—
God speed them on t-heir mission.
THE PALMETTO REGIMENT.
The right wing of this Regiment leached
Mobile on the 15th inst. The lef: wing was at
Montgomery to follow the next u iy. These
troops are said to be inline spirits and eager
for the fray. f
Gj^Tho U. S. Adjutant-General publishes
the new law, requiring all enlistments in ti e re
gular army to be made for “during he war,”
or for five years, at the option of the recruit.—
A bounty of $12 is allowed; the pay of privates
is $7 per month, with rations and -clothing.—
The sum of $2 is paid to any one who will bring
a recruit to any recruiting station.
M LLE BLANGY.
Mademoiselle Blangy, the celebrated dans-
ease, has just concluded an engagement in New
Orleans, which, judging from the papers of that
city, was not less flattering to herself than ac
ceptable to the refined taste of the gay and |
sprightly New Orlcanois. She started the
extatics among the Editors, Tho Mercury
says :
“ Mile. Blangy is quite etherial and witching
enough for the dancing part of this fanciful le
gend, and in the pantomine she is even more
exquisite. She has the advantages of a face
singularly expressive, and of great and ready
mobility of feature. In form, if she has not the
voluptuous roundness of Trabattoni, sbe has
far more delicate and nicer chiselling; nervous,
clean, compact, refined. A fine height, full,
rounded bust, and good proportions, give, with
her animated face, a most commanding and
pleasing presence. A superb length oflimb
and elasticity and freedom of muscular action,
give her dancing an air ofoase and lack of exer
tion peculiarly fascinating. She is as graceful
and light as a bird, and one almost expects to
hear her break forth in song.”
05 s * Wo heartily concur in the sentiments of
the following article from tho New Orleans Del
ta. The past history of the government and
people of Mexico proves that such a course is
the only one that will avail us anything. To
adopt a different policy would be not only to
protract the war, but to weaken the moral influ
ence of our wrongs. There is but one way
now, by which we can reach the common ob
jects of the war—reparation and indenmity.-<-
Another Cortez must tread the fields of Mexico,
We must enter at once upon the path, which
leads to conquest, or submit to the deepest
shame and dishonor. Parsimony and tempo
rizing must be left with shavers and pedlars if
we are true to ourselves, until we have con
quered a peace as glorious as our cause is
righteous and just.
THE MEXICAN WAR.
The proofs are thickening that this is to be a
long, protracted and severe war. Our Govern
ment moves too slow. Much of the winter is
past, and although much has been done, much
yet remains undone.' We have only penetrated
the outer rind of the Mexican “pear.” The
immense plateau of rich and populous States
which cluster .around the Capita], are yet many
hundred miles distant from our advanced posts.
We must push forward, and faster. We must
not waste our strength and vigor on tho frontier.
We must penetrate the heart of the country.
We must possess their Capital, And this con
summation, so devoutly hoped for, is, we be
lieve, about the easiest and most practicable un
dertaking which is now proposed. It is cer
tainly mere feasible and advantageous than the
march on Sau Luis. Vera Cruz can be more
easily taken than Monterey was. A land force
of 8,000 or IO.U0Q men marched against Vera
Cruz would secure the city without a blow. The
enemy are ready now to evacuate it, at the first
indication on our part of a determination to
take it. When we have occupied Vera Cruz,
we are then masters of the most direct am: fen-
sable road to the city of Mexico. In a straight
line, the Capital i« not more 200 miles off.—r
There is a road which has been several tiqie.s
marched by the Mexican army, much more prac
ticable, shorter and better adapted to military
operations, than that which girts the sea coast,
and wheels to the left through Jalapa. This
latter route is travelled by the diligences, be
cause it passes through a more settled and less
dangerous country, so far as robbers are con
cerned. It is, however, infinitely more direct
and practicable than the road from Tampico, or
from Saltillo to Mexico. Let the new levies be
collected and transported, not marched, to the
vicinity of Vera Cruz, aud co-operating with
the naval force, let them commence an imme
diate attack on that city. Place Scott, Taylor
or W ortb at the head of them—give hint a carle
blanche, but order him to push forward with
all vigor anti rapidity,towards the Seat of Gov
ernment, This movement will avail more than
all the Lieutenant Generals and Commissioners
that Mr. Polk can send to Mexico.
We trust the Government will not repeat the
follyof collecting large forces of volunteers, and
keeping them for months in camp, idle, sickly
and discontented. Volunteers must be kept on
the go. They are not adapted to the trying
and monotonous duties of the camp. Their
zeal, courage and ardor must be kept alive by
continual action. The Government should not
receive them into service until it has a present
and directobject to send them against, and means
to set them in motion. If they are to be kept
inactive, it would be far wiser to do without
them altogether, and raise a regular force to
carry on the war. The volunteer force is tlie
most expensive in the world. Tho highest dis
cipline is required of troops conducting an inva
sion of a hostile country. The immense cost of
disciplining a volunteer force, which will prob
ably be disbanded when it has attained anything
like efficiency, is a great objection to this des
cription of troops.
Whatever the Government determines on,
we trust it will act promptly, and discarding
“the penny wise and pound foolish” principle,
which has lidretofore characterized many of its
operations, will direct at once the whole power
of the nation to the accomplishment of the ob
ject of the war—*lhe conquering an honorable
peace,
MONEY IN NEW YORK.
The New York Tribune of Tuesday last,
says—“ The money market is easy, upon good
securities, at C and 7 per cent. In the street»
first class short paper is selling at 7 per cent.’
and is not plenty.”
The Legislatures of both Virginia and
Louisiana are now in session; so that the va-
cancies in the U. S. Senate, occasioned by the
death of Barrow and Pennybacker, will at
once be filled. Pierre Soule, Esq., for many
years a leading member of tho New Orleans
bar, is spoken of as a candidate to fill Mr,
Barrow’s vacancy.
NO WHISKERS UNDER GEN. WORTH.
A correspondent of the New Orleans Delta
writes from Monterey:
“Gen. Worth has issued an order in Saltillo,
that all officers and soldiers under his command
must appear at the next dress parade without
whiskers. Many a face that has not come in
contact with a razor for months, must now como
to the scratch. The barbers of Saltiilo no
doubt think it a very judicious order. Captain
BlanchnnJ, being a volunteer, and c/ier ami of
Worth’s, was at first excused from (he general
shearing, but was like to raise a mutiny; and,
with tears in his eyes>satdown to the operation.”
THE SEMINOLE INDIANS.
From intelligence received at Tallahassee, it
appears more than probable that the people of
that Staio are again to have more difficulties
with these Indians. They have passed the
limits assigned them by the Government and
are driving off the cattle and other stock of the
whites, firing the woods, &c. This invariably
precedes Indian hostilities. The subject is be
fore Congress and the authorities of Florida
and the National Executive, should at once re
spond promptly to the call of the citizens of the
frontier counties threatened with these out
breaks.
03 s * The New Orleans Mail came through
yesterday as late as due. The following
from the Evening Mercury is the only item of
news we find in our exchanges:
LATER FROM THE GULF.
The schooner Louisiana, Capt. Eddy, which
arrived this morning from Havana, reports the
arrival there of the U. S. steamer Mississippi,
with Com. Perry on board, on the 4th instant.
Bv this arrival, we learn some particulars in re
lation to the movement in Southern Mexico
and Yucacan, in addition to the Dews brought
by the prize schooner Amalio.
Tho Campeachians were marching for Me
rida with an army of 3000 men, and there was
no doubt, that Merida would be compelled to
submit to the declaration of Campeacliy, in fa
vor of the independence of Yucatan.
The Government of Gautamala was claim
ing territory as far north as Tabasco, which
would include the State of Chiapas, South as
far as the Isthmus of Darien, and had sent 4000
troops under Gen. Carerro to occupy the Mex-
ican territory claimed.
We are indebted to Captain Eddy for the
above information, who obtained it from the of
ficers of the Mississippi.
Senor Arago, who was sent to Havana with
letters of marque, and blank commissions, as
well as naturalization papers, was unable to
dispose of them. He offered to furnish the
British steamer Arab with them, hut the captain
declined the offer.
The officers of the Mississippi confirmed the
report relative to the election of Santa.Anna
and Farias to the Presidency and Vice Presi
dency of Mexico.
The Mississippi took in coal at Havana and
sailed immediately for Norfolk.
The British mail steamer of the 1st instant,
from Vera Cruz, had not arrived when the
Louisiana sailed.
THE TEN REGIMENT BILL.
The Bill repot ted to the House of Represen
tatives, by the Committee on Military Affairs,
authorizing the enlistment of ten Regiments—
one of Cavalry, and nine of Infantry, for five
years or during the war, passed the House of
Representatives on Monday last, by a vote in
the proportion of three to one. It has been
sent to the Senate for concurrence, where it js
understood it will pass with some slight amend
ment.
DELAWARE U. S. SENATOR.
Presley Spurance, Esq., Whig, has been e*
lected by the Legislature of Delaware to the
U. S. Senate, in place of Thomas Clayton,
whose term of service expires on t}ie 4tli of
March next.
Q3^ The Kentucky Legislature convened on
the 7tli inst. Gcn’l Leslie Coombs was elect
ed Speaker of tho House, by a vote of 65 to
35. The choice of United States Senator was
thought to be between Ex-Governor Letcher
and.Judge Underwood.
LAGUNA.
This town, lately captured by Com. Perry,
is of considerable note. It is situated on an is
land in the Lake Terminos in the State of To*
basco, about 60 miles from the city of the same
name, with which, and the neighboring towns
and cities in the interior and upon the Gulf, it
has considerable commerce.
03 s * The amount of Treasury Notes outstand
ing on the 1st instant, it is officially stated,'was
$3,784,080 97.
NORTH CAROLINA VOLUNTEERS,
On Thursday last, one hundred and thirty ar
rived in Wilmington from Edgecomb county,
by .the cars, and a few more from the same
couuty came down afterwards, all under com
mand of Gen. Wilson. They were here form
ed into two companies, and mustered into the
United States service by Lieut. Fremont.-—
The officers of Company B, are, L. D. Wilson,
Captain; J. S. Pender, 1st Lieut.; W. H. Moye
and O. A. Buck, .2*1 Lieutenants. Of compa
ny C, W. H. Duggan, .Captain; L. H, Moye,
1st Lieut.; Wm, McKerrall and Benj. Staton,
2d Lieutenants.
On Monday the Wayne band of 50 men came
down by the Rail Road. The officers are Hen
ry Roberts, Captain; J. N. Andrews, 1st Lieut.
S. Singleton and Z. Thompson, 2d Lieutenants.
The company was mustered into service on the
same day.
The Volunteers raised in Wilmington, num
bering 33, were also mustered in on Monday.
The officers are W. J. Price, Captain; W. B.
Planner, 1st Lieut.; J. C. McRae, 2d do.
All the above mentioned Volunteers have
been sent down to Smithville, where they will
occupy the barracks of Fort Johnson until rea
dy to embark. They have comfortable quar
ters.
Those who have joined at Fayetteville, from
fifty to sixty we believe, are expected to arrive
shortly, by the way of the river.—’Wilmington
Commercial.
TELEGRAPH TO NEW ORLEANS BY WAY OF
CHARLESTON.
W- B. Ll°yd, Esq., the Agent of a new Tel
egraph Company, is now in this city. This
now company propose to connect with the
Northern lines at Baltimore, direct to New Or
leans by the way of Charleston, and other of
the principal cities on the route. We pre
sume it is unnecessary to say one word as to the
importance of the enterprise; of the utility of
jtlie Magnetic Telegraph we have daily expe
rience, and as to the profit or revenue which is
now beingderived from tlioseeslablished North,
we are toid that it amounts .to twenty four per
cent, on the actual cost, despite all the delays
and accidents incident to a new invention.
Mr. Lloyd will remain in the city but two or
three days longer, and it is essential that a meet
ing of our citizens should be held as early as
possible.—Charleston Transcript, 15th inst.
Fashion.—“Why in such a hurry,” said a
man to jtn acquaintance. “Sir,” said the man
“I have bought a new bonnet for my wife, and
fear the fashion may change before I get
home!”
CALIFORNIA.
The following paragraph in relation to Cal
ifornia, we find copied into the New Orleans
Daily Mercury from the Californian, a paper,
the publication of which has been commenced
at Monterey, siqce that State lias been taken
possession of by the American forces:
The People—The Ladies—Intemperance.
—The great mass of the people of California
are a quiet, inoffensive people, and but for those
ambitious leaders, would remain on their ran
chos a contented and happy community, and
under a good government would be valuable
citizens; many of them are men of fine sense,
and high moral worth, though from the very
nature of their government, they have been de
prived of the paeans of educa;ion to a great ex
tent.
T|te ladies, who are numerous, are hand
some, and some of them beautiful, very spright
ly, industrious, and amiabls in their manners,
affectionate to their relatives and friends, kind
to their neighbors, and generous even to their
enemies, and we are much tn hopes that their
mild and genial influence yill go far to bring
about that amity of feelings which is so desira
ble between the old and tin new citizens of
this highly favored country.
Destiny of Country.—Jhe destiny of Cali
fornia is fixed—she is to become a free and in
dependent state—a membeiof the North Ame
rican confederacy. She s no longer to be
subject to a foreign arbitrary power to domes
tic revolutions or military rile. She is to make
her own laws, manage lierbtvn resources, and
found those institutions in which her children
are to find a happy home.
California has hitherto possessed but very
few advantages for developing her resources.
Her lands have been in the hands of but few
individuals, whose enormous grants discourag
ed emigration. These lands, without disturb
ing legitimate titles, will now find occupants.
They will be purchased by a thrifty population,
trained to habits of industry. Golden har
vests will wave over hills and valleys, where
now only the briar and bramble are seen, and
where only the howl of the wolf is heard; the
gloomy silence of the wild cascade will be bro
ken by the thunder of factories, where art and
industry will roll out upon the public their rich
est products. Commerce will enliven every
bay, tind penetr^tp into the gorges of the d ls -
tant mountains.
Population.—Port Stocldon•—Indians.—
The population of California is estimated at
about 10,000, exclusive of Indians, and proba
bly less than two thousand of that number are
foreigners, most of these originally from the U,
States. The latter was rapidly increasing by
immigration, while the natives were, if increas
ing at all, but slowly. The fact became evi
dent to a few men, that under the present state
of things, this tide of foreigners would soon fill
up the country, and probably change the very
nature of their institutions.
This (Fort Stockton) is a handsome fortifica
tion, situated at the Northwest corner of this
town, on an elevated point of land, so situated
as to command the town and harbor. The in
tention is at present to mount ten heavy guns
on the battery, four of them 6S’s, in all, thir
teen guns, and so arranged that they may be
moved and brought to bear at any point. The
whole will be surrounded by a ditch seven feet
deep. The position and plau was directed by
Com. Stockton, and is now under the direction
of Capt. Merviue, Mr, Cecil constructor.
Lieut. McLane; of the }st Dragoons, was in
town yesterday. The company has just return
A-
LOUISIANA.
A correspondent of the Boston Advertiser
writing from New Orleans, under the head of
“a winter at the South,” gives the followin'*
graphic description of tlie evidence of taste and
opulence thet strikes the eye of the traveller
descending the Lower Mississippi:
“As we approached more Southern latitudes
the appearance of things was changed very
much for the better- We had, for a time, inov.
ed onward, arm in arm, with Kentucky and
Missouri, with Tennessee and Arkansas. \V e
had finally left them behind, and werenovv with
in the borders of Louisiana. The evidences of
a prosperous cultivation were.more frequent
and of a higher order. The signs of a com.
pleter civilization were continually presentin'*
themselves. We had got beyond the planta
tions of cotton, so often unsightly to the eye
from the naked, girdled trees which stand upon
them, and the log houses, in which many of
their owners, and all their workers. live. \V e
had reached the finished and beautiful, not to
say the magnificent plantations of the sugar
cane. The contrast to me, a stranger; was in
describably striking. Within the space of
three days’, we had passed from the snows of
the Ohio, anti the seemingly interminable wil
derness of Missouri, into the su’eet influences
of a summer sky, and on each side of us were
green fields of waving cane, and costly resi
dences surrounded by orange groves, still bend
ing under their golden burdens, and ever and
anon, the perfume of flowers and the voices of
birds were borne to us from the gardens on the
shore. I cannot recall any bther section of the
<U. States, or any passages in European travel,
where so great and so gratifying transitions are
made in so short a time. Nor do I believe that
any hundred miles of public travel can be nam
ed, more abounding in the substantial proofs of
wealth and magnificent expenditure; more
thickly bestrewn with elegant mansions, and
richly cultivated fields, than the hundred miles
along the Mississippi shore, above the city of
New Orleans. I had heard much of the rich
planters of the South, but I had heard more of
the savage ways of hfe at the Southwest. I
was hardly prepared for such a phenomenon of
elegance, and beauty, and apparent luxury.—
The country bad all the appearance of ancient
cultivation. There was, moreover, a foreign
and even Oriental air about much of it. The
houses looked foreign, the fences, and the ve-.
hides, and the horses, and the saddles, looked
foreign, and the language was foreign. The
live oak, the gorgeous magnolias, the beauti
fully flowered Pride of China, 3ml the lofty ce
dars, from which, in funeral festoons, the dark
most was hanging, had all, to me, a strange, an
unusual appearance. And then those spacious
white edifices, large enough fpr a prince and
his retinue, surrounded by 4 two-columned ve
randah, a form of ornament very frequent here,
had something of East Indian aspect about
them.”
DEATH OF HON J. S. PENNYBACKER.
The death of Judge Pennybacker, one or tha
Senators of Virginia, who breathed his Inst,
this morning, has been a source'of the keenest
regret to every one, who knew his virtues as a
man. and respected his excellent character as
a senator and a statesman. This is tlie secoud
blow which the Senate of the U- States has sus
tained during its present session. In both ca
ses, death has loved a shining mark. On this
day fortnight pqor Barrow, of Louisiana, was
the victim; and now Pennybacker follows hint
to the tomb. And soexiraotdinary is the course
. . - . . .. - . of eyenls, so far beyond tlie ken and sagacity
ed from another Indian excursion to the n<oun- f tbul if senatnrs ha(1 bee „ aetaettd,
tains. The Indians are beginning to find who . frnm fl ._
inning
has the country. Thev havedivided into small
parties, which renders it next >0 impossible for
a company to find them. The only effectual
means of stopping their inroads upon the pro
perty of tlie country will be to attack them in
their villages, in tlie California mountains,
Mail Proposals —Appointments—Military.
—Proposals for carrying a mail from Monte
rey to Yerbqbueno, there and back, once a
week, are advertised for.
Civil magistrates are being appointed in dif
ferent parts of California, who will constitute
the inferior courts; the functions of a superior
tribunal are vested for the present in the magis-
trajion of Mouterey. This court also takes
cognizance of all cases that come’within an Al
calde’s jurisdiction. It has two justices, and
performs these double functions until a more
extended system of jurisdiction can be estab
lished. The magistrates of Monterey sit daily,
and give a patient attention lo all cases that are
brought before then); on them devolves the ci
vil police of the town and district. • Their,in
vestigations ore thorough, their decisions
prompt, and impartial. Their office is open
from 9 o’clock, A. M., to 4 o’clock, P. M.
T. H. Green, Esq., has been appointed col
lector of the port of Monterey.
A correspondent of the Neyv York Herald,
writing from Monterey, adds the following in-,
formation:
“The whole state of trade is on the change;
goods falling in price, produce rising. Do
mestics that four months ago paid six dollars
apiece duty,can now be purchased from a whale
ship at the same price. In June, Mr; Tho. O.
Larkin purchased a cargo of N. E. domestics,
and paid two hundred per cent, duties on the
cost. This day this cargo could not be sold
for money sufficient to pay the duties. A
piece of Lowell blue drills in May sold in this
town for sixteeu dollars. It can hqw be pur
chased for eight dollars. A house lot of 100
yards square, worth in May $100, sold in Au
gust for $400. Ranchos worth, six months
back, one hundred dollars a square league, are
now five times that sum. More available ran
chos were worth something more, and are now
worth one thousand dollars per league.
A sloop and sclioonor built in this vicinity are
now coasting under the U. S. flag; mills are
building, Yankees stirring,schoolmasters sought
for, and the whole of California looking up.
The Brooklyn, from New York, lias landed
her passengers in San Francisco, Part of the
emigration from the states have reached tlie Sa
cramento; many more are \vithm a few days
travel.”
SAINT'S BONES AT AUCTION.
An auction came off recently at Paris, of the
ancient kings of France, amassed together at
the violation of the Saint Denis tombs. The
following holy fragments figure among them:
Bones of Pepin le Brif, Phillip III, and Jean | ed by thedeceased, armed with a heavy hicko-
Triste.sons of St- Louis. A hand of Louis XII, r y club. The proof left is somewhat doubtful
heir of Marguerite de Province, fragment of a how the encounter commenced, but jpost pro
robe of Madame Louisa of France, daughter of bably the deceased attacked the defendant with
who, from their sunny faces, and massy frames,
tkeit palmy health and admirable spirits, would
seem, at the commencement of this session, iq
have been among the last destined to be the
victims of death, Barrow and Pennybacker
were apparently the very first who might be en
titled to this immunity.
About twelve months ago, Mr. Taylor, 4
member of the House of Representatives, from
Virginia, was hurried to the tomb;' and now
Judge Pennybacker, from the same State, and
the saipe county (of Rockingham) participates
in his fate. Gov. McDowell of the House of
Representatives, who succeeds.Mr. Taylor,
and comes from the same congressional district
us Judge Pennybacker, has now to rise in his
place, and dedicate his eloquence in a noble
tribute to the virtues of Pennybacker.
His death throws an additional duty upon
the present Legislature of Virginia. They are
already preparing, on the Ujiii in®, to elect
qnp Senator of the United States in place of
him who pronounced the affecting tribute nf
this day in the Senate Chamber over the me
mory of Pennybacker. His loss leaves anoth
er Vacancy in the Senate to be filled by tho
Legislature. In making these elections, we
trust thejtwill select two other sons who are
worthy of her principles and worthy of the dis
tinction to which they will be elevated.—r
Washington Union, Jan. 12.
A paragraph is in circulation from the co
lumns of the “Washington Fountain,” hinting
that the Department of State has received in?
formation going to confirm the rumor of the
massacre of the American troops or marines iq
California! This, we understand, is a mistake.
No such information has been received by any
of the Departments at Washington, and the re
port is regarded as apocryphal or extravagant.
—Ibid.
EXTRAORDINARY TRIAL FOR MURDER,
In the Superior Court of Tennessee, last
week, a murder case was brought up, which is
amongst the most extraordinary on record.—-
The accused, Mrs. Mary Copeland, was con
victed it) the Qyejtpn Circuit Court, of the mur
der of Ruth Dougherty—both of them belong
ing to highly respectable families. The proof
in the pase showed that Mrs. Copeland was
jealous of Miss Dougherty, and, ns the conse
quence, a most embittering state of feelings was
engendered between them. Threats of per
sonal violence were proved to have been made
by each, but on the part of Mrs. Copeland her
threats had ceased for many months before the
fatal encounter—whilst on the part of Miss
Dougherty, they were proved to have been re
peated down to the time of her death. The
killing occurred on the Sabbath, Mrs. Cope-
Jand was on her way to church, evidently seek
ing to avoid coming in contact with Miss
Dougherty—but on her way she vyas intercept-
Louis XV, and tho skull of the Abbe Segur.
A Good One.—-The following is about the
best thing in the anecdote line, w,e have seeq
lately:
An Indian chief being asked his opinion qf
a cask of Madeira wine, presented to him by an
officer, said lie thought “the juice was extract
ed from women’s tongues anti lion’s hearts; for
when he drank a bottle of it he could talk for-
ever and fight the devil.”
the club, and gave her two blows, one on the
head and the other on the arm. Tlie parties
then- closed, and in the scuillo the defendant
stabbed the deceased with a knife, which caus
ed her immediate death. This is the conclu
sion to which the Supreme Court arrived, and
the Court was of opinion that the killing did not
amount to murder, but either to manslaughter
or justifiable homicide, and of consequence the
judgment below was reversed) and the cause
mantled for a new trial.