Georgia telegraph. (Macon, Ga.) 1844-1858, November 09, 1847, Image 1

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Newspaper Page Textrt*. “ ('HAKACTEtt IS AS MBCSWUAT TO A STATE AS jjV SAM I. J. RAY. TO A Pi:IVATI: INDIVIDUAL, AND THE GLORY OF A STATE IS THE COAEHON PROPERTY OF ALL ITS CITIZENS.” MACON. GA.. TUESDAY MORNING. NOVEMBER f), 1847. r v o It GI A T E L E G R A PII u u is PUBLISHED EVFltV TDHOAV Jionxisc BY SAMUEL J. BAY. TltltJI*. r*rthe paper in advauce. per annum, $2 50. utipsid!"«'*«»“ * 3 if not pai* 1 B “ ,il * l,e eu,lof ,hc J'°* r * 3 so - .. Moer iliscuutinood, except at llie option of the r Xl„Lr. until all arrearage* are pai.l. .„. r «T]jrasaTS at the regular charge, will I»o Cl * D * 0 f i'„ ii K r< or lr%n, for the first insertion, am! 'ibr eai'li *tih»c<jueut eontlanaaee. lglvurtisurs hv the year will be contracted with on *2, it la'iiw expressly understood that cou- lor reiirly mdvettwin*. rotate only to tho •mmnh- buaiucii of lb© iu.Iividual or parties junt/setm-. ' Ailrcrtineracnt* not specified as to time, vrih be pub- lUhed until fnrhiii m.d <b»rs«* nrconhnyly. uranium* and Obituary Notices exceeding Ttir u*» *'« >»' d>«Sw> •• advertisements. >• » Srlct of Las ns. hy Adiiirai*trntor«, Ex *?L.'2./i>isr,lisus,are required by law, to beheld Tunslsv in the month, between the hours | lilt* I) * in 11 tat ■ U¥U1 ft f (it.a •Ju 1 'A^Cih. EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT, ) Mn.txroEvii.EE, AW, 2, 1847. | Fellow-citizen* of Ike StmU and Haute of Ecpre- •entatwr*. Tlie menaorcs to wlncli it is my duty to direct vour at tention are lew and obvious. Tory stall be remedial of defect* m exalting law.., or *ugi>e?t,ve in'a new policy. I be pt< sent uioje ul taxatiou rents upon tile accuuut- lali ii fect.-lutioii oi nearly hull ,>i a century, mnid nil the vnryttijj c;rc instances ul na periodic?'! sa-pension* mid revivals, change ol our inatketnnie staples, in- Rase ul population ami rnlnr;Mii'-m ul territorial lights. The prolusion ot laws on this subject has made men execution eiu:«rras(.ng and iloubtnil. WiUuu ope-finrd oi Uie enure area of lire State, tlie clnssilicatii'ns oi'tiie qual ities ot the soil, with sp cilic di*criminatio:<» in the lax on each, amount to at least sixty. Even counties are subdivided into a series of cln»*mcalions in thia rm,«ei which are not uul .oriz'-d by the value of the Ir eh--Id oi its productions. Gcugiapti cut points constituting bums to which certain rat * ot taxation slurll extend, uud where uibers begin, are designated by names that are generally unknown and almost luigotu-n Smueiimes vague liingiuige isempUiyed as descriptive oi Uw quality unrl pusiuoti ut thelierbu,i|. Nor Ml lea to Is- noi.ee.. that that portion of rc.l property in tbc Slate, tying ■■ •rihwesl ol tlie Cherokee line, us demribrd ' Kg oatliuarvi I . ; utiiiw. -i ol the L's-roHec Ime, us demribni in is- lux el 10 ia the “"rrinwbkhtWlTi’",.*. *“« '***’ « indefinitely, certui^ wnh^ iMd!* '.Vdi«* « f •!'bp given in a public ' bal 1,r<c,SJ0 " "* *° v * rK, "‘‘*** *gj !lM «► cmcai.on us rustic sixty hays previous to the day of ado. pules of XKr.aoM must be made at a public aurt ion Ml the first Tuesday of the month, between the usual Luis of sals. at the place of public sale* iu the County srh.TS tlie Letter. Testumcutaiy, of Administmtioii „r nuardiandiip, may have been cranted, first giving Ilirr HIT. notice thereof, in ono of the public gmxettes of thi< jsiste. and at the door of the Court House, where .arli ssics arc to bo held. .Notice lor the sale of Personal Property must l>e civ- n*in like manner roRTY daya previous to the day ot **Sotice to the Debtors and Creditors of an estate must Upahlished forty days. Satire that application will be made to the Court of Orliasry far leave toaell Laud, must be published for ^siieefor leave to sell Neoroes must lie published hr roi'R mosths. before any order abaolute shall lie ■s<le iliereou hy the Conrt. CiriTloss for Letters of Administration, must be stubbed thirty hits—for dismission from adminis- Li ion. MasM/v six wosTHs—for dismission from Gusnlianthip. fobtt haT*. Ki'I.m for the foreelnsnre of Mivtcnee must he pnh- lishrd nosTHi.Y for four mosths—for establishing lost psi*n, Ibr the rci.i. space of tiirf.f. mosths—far ampellin? titles from Executors or Administrotors. where a Bond lias been given by the deceased, the iri.u stace of three mosths. Piihlirstioiis will always be continued according to tkir leeal requirements, unle.s otherwise ortcnid. # ,*AII letters directed to this Olliee or the Editor on hx'iww, Wist !>■’ POST rill* to ln«neo rt»""t!«n flu tier: A. .hllt*ti. Factor and Commission Merchant, Na. lid. Buy sitreet, Mnsnnnnh, (la. rtTTO. Will attend strictly to'the storage ami sale f Colton, Corn. Flour, and otlier Produce, and isnMv'will make liberal cash advances on goods cou- ii.-ord to Lis House. Ktftnneet—Mr. dames A. Nishct,') K. B. Weed, i dfocoa. J. H. It Washington, [ *“ Clrsvi s, Wood A Oo.J Dye It Holiertson, Avgusta. Il’-niioti A Youiir, Slorn-l-u Dr. Qeoree F. Pierce, Npir/ff. hlr 27 St—1v Joint Jfo-.ics & Son, It.ATT. JONES * IIOl.T.) tVarrhnu.c & Cowiub.lMl *l^rrlmnl«, MACON. GA. juua 22 30—6m Wareltunsc autl f :iunuissian Ktisi- acsis. BURCH A GUNN having taken the Ware- LvvE'tsho uo oa .Seeoud street, formsriy occupied h f v lv-»hi i n \ *• W 1I.S..N, tender their services lu their friends uud tbo public, tor tbo safe ash stuKaok or Cotton ink MEnrHASMZK peuerally. Lioeial advances ia cash will nt ul! times he made saCotton or Com in atore, or on shipments to their trivads in any of the Atlantic porta. Their best ellbrta ; s-.> ;,!r ! red io promote the ii terest* of their natrons; | ui tiny I eitu: vt fully solicit the palronago of their old Ihcuus uud tlie public. MORTON N. BURCH. WILLIAM GUNN. U.vvn, June 29. latT. SO Warohou-ic and CominKsiou IIn» i- «t*VM. THE subscriber will continue to carry on Jibe above business at theFlKE 1‘uourWist- *nocsc i a Cotton Avenue, wiicre he will atibnl ill the usual facilities to plautera mid otiierl ill the tto-s « of Cotton an i any oilier kinds o! couutry pro- «(T. ie.,sf«, Ac. Thu warehouse is ns site Ironi <lau- jw by fi-e as any other in the riliite, muf convenient to the business part of the city. All order* from his tanuav.s wiil meet with prompt attention. N. OU3LEY. * :19—ll)sn Macon. June '.’2, 1iM7. ffardtoKMi aurt Commission Busi ness. ; -'A THE undersigned having I'cmiue sole pro- l'-"lorol Ihe new FIRE PROOF WAKE- K * •" H0U.3K nmipitid the past season hv Dt-son * KlCltiRDsax, lu es leave to iufnnn the publie. that i* bss n.s wsled with h«m in business Mr. JOSEPH X COOPEIl, and Mr. WILLIAM M. ROBERTS, *«sse ability and experience entitle them m the precision ns lo varieties i<l toil afid s|» ctfu.Mi.on as to rates ol taxation which obtain in other |Kirtiuiis ol Uie Suite. Tliess- iiuperlectioiis require correction. Whilst in tbo act of amending uursysirm ol taxation, the conclusion must be rivctied on every mind by a candid exiimimtiou and ci'iup irimu u f uh its putts, that it is unequal and iniiust. 1'nH.fs will be ubun mmty lui- niriied, by considering tit-* price or piodnctivenem oi lands, irrespective of culture or staples, m dilleieut purls of the Stnte,.and the wide difference in the inlesm which they aie now iiswwsvl Equality oi puhiic bur thens, or at best its approximation, us n u esoeuiiai pan ol justice, and should nc co.istuntly in view in |>, iiiinii- i»g (lie tusk of revising the tax laws to as to make tliem simple and uniform. T he plan proposed to t)ic last General Assembly np- |H'nred to I* worthy of trial and wnliont jK-ril to Uie puhtic interest. It was intended to be the first in a series of measure that were to lead tinaity and aaleiy m the adi'plitni of the ail caloruin plan oi luxation. Hence a leading interesi—She trevtiold—was selected as exmb- iling the most perid-xing details and giossem inequal ities in luxation. Tlie iniiiie.liale adoption of the plan ol raising revenue by the valuation ul property liame to is* taxed, is objectionable lor me want ot statistical in- foniiafion, and exclude, tin-presumption or even proba bility that a rate could be lix-d on by wmeli the exactor even prox.inute rhumiiii oi revenue would be nused On the one h»ml, n ili-tiei- ney, woulJ je. p-irdnte public creilit, and on tlie other,an excess nngin uwaken popu- lartreling, always and properly active against unneces sary Inctlieiis. Accordingly, i respectfully renew »ub- stanlially the recoiumen uinui lelerred lo, and indulge the hupe that it may lie adopted. It ia not expected or designed to increase me public burthens, hut to equalize and simplify our system ul taxation. 1 therefore suggest, that the entire landed estate and tlie improvements thereon, shall la* taxed at a certain late on its valuation, to be returned on the outlt oi me ireelioid.-ni, w i ll spect- licauons of quantity, situation in requrct to counties, and quality ; tlie latter to lie divided tnlound des.guaied as swamp, onk and hickory, and pinr. It is believed that a lax of one-teuth of oie (icrceiii., ot ten cents on every iiundred dollar* <d the value of he real estate an.i Is improvements, with the other soutces f incunie, wou d raise tin incunie equal to the wants ot tlie govern ment. T'lis estimate is n is.il mi tiie supposed value ot the froelkiid and ns iiuproveuiems,estunated touinouni in il.e aggicgnte lo s.xty milhmis ot dounis. Tin* opinion will be advanced as l" prohable ceitatmyol re sult, by dwcriunnatuig between tlie r.-al eslnte ol cities, towns and villfg"s, an i tint ot the country, it dis crimination he carried even to the extern <H otie hun dred per cent. beyond the unhealed rate, it would still be a rcduetion of the lax •* of titose residing ot owning IrcehoIJs m the former piae -s. To guard against eva- sionsand impelled returns, suitable ysniuiliessiiuuld be provided, so as toensure a mil and xurexpeiunent of me plan. Indeed mor-' strmg--nt enacuuenta are recom mended, asm my opinion bring absolute!* necessary to gne clfct lolji" prov.s.oiw ot lire tax laws, lo tlteeiid lint til y tiny be nmversaily ?n:orc«-d, Tue p-rio.1 is:iu-|i.c ous to. tlie bt ginning of the p’o- prosrd Sis;.-Ill of tuxauou, Ilia promotes in lhe end, equality among all imervsts. 1 he exoe-s ol'r- Venae of j the present over the lust year, umoinits to 11R* sum ol j sdd.titai. Th e aui pi us m the 'i'reasmy ult:r delmyiiig nil .;ii-trg"s iige.nisi i* will exceed ssj i.ttoo. The bal ance i t the debt oi .Messrs, KeiJ. liv.ng ii Co., is le- unced lo an amount wnieh tiuasuipius cuii-u to ^5.ijUtat required to lie paid by tbo a-1 <d lild.an l payable out ot the ii couie ot the present year, wul clmiely extm- g lisll. Yet nii:i.i>t tiie p ospervu* e. -iiJiiio.i ot ojr lis- c-.l nthtirs,a reou' ttoaol taxes c .tnau >*• ivdely made. Attei exhausting ail the avuilabte tueansoi the Central tia.-k, stiii an cMiin tcd deficit exceeding 3200,UixJ 01 its loads will remain unpaid mid lot w.i.ca liur Slat.* Is lia ble mid should promptly pay. Moieovei, Uineii tRous- niid pounds ul sleihug bonds are outstanding. vvh.cu wercsoid hy Alcssio. tieid, living & Co., unaer Itleir agreement with the Elate, and vv inch it is important should Is- redeemed at the earliest convenience ol the Stare. In view ot these linbilntes.it is not per ceived that any emplua will be hi me Treasury at the end «l the next two years, unless the nuiuaiy claims on lb* - United States shuul 1 be paid, and Uie Ini Hi stuck owned by the Suite, but soiemmy pledged us a lurid lor the etlncation Oi the |ioor, snould be so.d. Even then 11 high duty w il n-mam to he peiioriiied— that of preserving public credit in its honorable position, hy the cteal.oiiot a sinkinglund lor me icUtinpnon ol the pubhcdelit. '1 he public debt of the State, ns generally understood, consists 01 IhiimIs trsucii at this IA |>aitiiieiil tor tlie con- etiucttou ol ihe Western unit Almiit.c Railway. At tins t nut- its aggregate amount any be stated to be 31, 57-'.H7,i til t-F winch si.UO.djd aie 111 Federal Bauds ,a J? Ir “I "'f ? rn , t ’ w ‘ len nn estimate is m- de I lots have been omitted lobe disposed ot by lottery or olthe price nt wIiTch tue bom,,, were Sold—the diflrr- | otherwise Some attempts have been made to grant •HT.n rJtc .'ST between this country and Europe, kits 01 die latter claw, but on reaching this Department, snd the cmurmss.'ons to ouragentsm London. In eve- th<' grants have been slopped, on the alleged uud obvi- ryvww 11 is important dial they should be redeemed a- . . . . s the rarinst moment. For this purpose it is respectful- ly submitted dial the Governor be authorized to effect 1 loan, not exceeding the necessary sum for their redemp tion. payable in five year*, or sooner at the discretion ot th* Execution, and bearing au interest of seven per cent, per annum. It mav be proper to limit the maxi mum amount to be paid so as not to exceed ninety 1 cent, ol the nomir.nl value of the bonds—b.-ing tl which wasongumily advanced on tliem, and about five per cent, more than was paid by the prvrs.-nt holders. Tilts arrangement ol -ourse can only ■ e ell-cted by the consent of ties*' now holding thisclaase of bonds, winch it is supposed can lie obtained. So tong as there is a single debt doe by the State, * earnestly ireonnneml that every unappropriated bal ance in tlie Treasury that may herealiei exist, be con stituted as a sinking fund apptccable to tlie redemption of ibr public debt, and that Uie Governor be authorized lo use it either in the payment ot liabilit.es that may be dms or llie putvlutse 01 such as may be in market; with tin* restriction that Unir 111.1,1,11 1 v-■ Iiu- u■ 1,1 ■ 1.1 h. payable at the Tieosuiy. X.btSX) in steiling bomts sold by Messis. Reid, living .t Co., previous to IfflS, ami A iS,lhu ii, also, in sterling tsmils, ns a buiniiceduc , ... to 1 Ins linn lot their advances made to the State ill ItOJ. ouWsne* of the people’. Ho Gicratiira hopes tosbaro I The seiiil-nmiual’divnlemis xir inn testas well ns me tiiWnl rh will mji mniiiYniu the ruutMcuro ! priiK-:|K*l ul Ok* wiul!* nit* |»ii)ar»i<‘ m IjOiiitui). oysei. All otvlcrs will receive promj.t attention, aunl | For Itnnc detailed tnioi matioli us to me periods wh.-n litrai tnviNtr.v made oil Cor ton instore. THOMAS DYSON. Mem. July 13, 1H7 sag 3 «■’»—tf nh thejs- Is,title were issued, their resp etive auiouma and other paiticuiais, 1 beg leave respecuuny lo icier you to a tnuuiar *U.tetncni compiled ny iih- Fmuueiai Committee m the last yrar, and appended lo Ilnur re port ; c,-piesul winch will be early laid betorr you. It slnmid be nt-served tliatm aiiivn.gaulie aggregate L'le restriction Mint Ukir lloiuill-l value should uot be exc«-eded. Shortly alter entering upon the duties of the Ex ecu tors otlice, 1 wo* icquiletl lo continue operations on tiie Western and Anauu t Kailioad. 'Fire means plnred a' my dis^sMed, w.-re an unexpetuded balance oi 327V,- Vtki, in six per cent. bond*ut die State, vvicli at the time were at a discount ot twenty-five per c -nt. but gradual- jv nise in two yeais witboui six to eignt per cent ol par. 'i’ll-- principal Imutatioii placed upon us expenditure wiis that it snould he econom.eally applied to die uses o the Railway <u the State. It was manifest that eith er in the sale ol the bonds, or making contracts lor work to bo perturuieJ on the road, au abaieiiicul equal to tue amount ol the discount on t >e nominal value 01 III.-nouns must hove been conceded on the pan ol llie 8tate. 'J'he plan of byputlicnkiig ihe bonds mr advan ecu made on tbrui.aiid me nuking the couiracts pays ble in spcc.ejor Us equivuicnt appeared ilte most te-isi hie an.l uitvamugi-ous lo ute puoiic interest. The result 01 this ucgnctatiutis was n-poitcd tu the last Legislature^ Willi vp.c.tie details as to the amounts, uud to whom pledged, us weU~us tlie ainouiitsaJvanced. So fur tiie nnt cipate.l etKin has been emized, both ill tespect lo the cne-ipiR'ss ol the eoiltracts 111 beluih Of tile load, and a gradual advanc-inciit iii tiie value ol the bonds. A la. ge amount 01 tliem ws.ili encumbered by the tenns 01 th; 01 ■-milliy|Hitheeali<>n. hi souieiiisinticrsbank- n.g iiistiiunoiis wuicu had maJe advaiwes, and held liuuds exc e.l.ug ibr auiouni 01 sueii x.ivJuees re.jini.il that t*ley snouid be redeiued. in oue emergency ot this kind 1 was enabled to tnuisier Irom the Buna of Charleston 1.1 the n.iijks in S.ivaonah the sum uf s75,- VOU—the latter having kindly giveu tlieir aid hy mak ing advances and acct j.ling bun k, on tlie terms that they were Held by the Uitik ot Cuniiesioii. lu oilier msuiwes i availed mya-dl o llie lun.ls id me Treasury wuicu were uot miaiediaudy wanted lor puhiic me. dly purjuse was to sustain pubic credit at every hux- atd. uud not permit these uuldic s.'curities to be expos ed tea compuha.ry sale, 'l’.ieamount thus drawn train the Fr.asuiy, covered in a p.irt a tranaaciiuii of my un- mediate predecessor With tin G—>rgia Ruliuad and B-mkmg Company, in which $dfi,OUO, bearing on iu- icresiot eight per cent, were involved. The bonds so r.ileeined were placed in the Treasury 01 Under ilsconuol, with the direction that they should be »-ld lor llieir par vatve. They have since been sold m tins place and Augusta, and tile Treasury has been ful.y reimbursed, Tlie amount disposed id nt par ex ceeded that winch was advanced Irom the Treasu.y; Uie remanider being leas Ilian SdbidUO, was sold at a discount va.yiug irom ode to two per cent. Tins luss 01 comae led mi die Rmltoad, was easny borne by the iicc.iniiilat.ngii leresto.i tlie bon is, and is compara tively ini iii lo leal winch would have resulted irom u I.need sale. Another udv-iuuge lias been derived from ibis operation, winch is lhe extrication ol boudstif large amount,excecdi g me advances made on them vvii n by pom. c ued. Til- se have been applied io u debt 01 io«ig staodmg lo the Georgia Railroad and flunking Company. e The m -aos used to sustain these securities and aven from the Railroad ul the State serious injury by a 01- timiutioti 01 itsasetts, wete lady debiik-d to me Fniati- ciai Committee wtuch nssembicJ 10 this piace last year ns motive mid necessity were, then explained—dull 0011s: J.-rvil the btmJs llmsiedeem.il as .11 nmcli mutk-y in tlie Treasury, and wuu.d be immediately convened into cash whenever tile public wants required tueir a ile or eve.1 S.RM.R1—und mat m either event Uierr destiny would be us sale in the uauds ot tire authorities 01 tire Stare as under all aulioncei’s liaiuuier. Its ■ 11J realiz ed iuy exp cmious' The Treasury lias suffered no saoi.iioe— me public creditor has cue jumered uu deni al or celar. Tne report of the Treasury made to this depirtment in compliano'with the act ot Idl3, xbtbtU its avails- b.e means on band to br«i63Aifi u J - Gi tins amount 3iti,7id id.coiisaiuigoi uie wxesot Ure present yeaz and lire pool school land, are a pul 01 lire resources 01 01 the TieOsuiy, mid ppphcable to lire warns ol lire gov ernment lor lire harm year just commenced. Tire last nieiitiolird auui may la* oddeJ tuat 3-fl,ba7, bt-uig llie estimated aiuouut aai-um dial w.U be required lo ure.-t me uudiawn btuances ol Uie S|M.ciyc appiopnauoii.— Tue uiiupiiropiialeu balance ill Ure i leasuiy, way be estimated lo exeei 323,000. l he rvpuitol lire Treasury also allows that the spe cific muds, pluced in some re-spec's under Executive control, have 110I been exhausted m any instance. The contingent tunds 01 die last two years, were burrhened with roc p .yuretit ol ®lIjaA) on account ol a subscrip tion uuihoiued to Ire made lor Cou.< s Anaiy&s. '1'Ik- secuilUea ot a lute denuding Treasurer ol Slate have been tw.ee sued, but 111 neither c.tae lias any por T don u. lire amount lepoitcdns as abstracted ttoiu Ure Treasury, been recovered. Whilst his debilcation is certaui to some amount, a rccoveiy lias been pieveuted, by a want id prool as o Ihe uiue wnen it occurred.— Alter suing <wu of Ins ootids witlnnn success, it became manliest uw t the ,7ime d.tnouuy would .recur m relauon to ibe otbets, and Ik-iicc t deemed It proper to Jesret.— The mnuUiil tiius ule-iracted lioui lire Tieasuiy.at.d te- |s*i >ed b> be about b-Xijiud, may be Considered a total mss (o the Eiule. i ue now oi *U,'XA>aii.i upwar.is was recovered by lire lust sun, oetng the amount ol taxes ■ mu reason that they had not reverted, and were always the property ol the State. I again recommend that all the ungranted lands acquired suree the year 1820, ex cept city and luwn commons that have been legally re served. be «>id under the direction of a Commissioner appointed for tiutt puijiose, who shall give bond, with ample security,for the t lithlul perfonuance ol his duties, which will be prescribed by you, und-thul he be allowed a certain per centage oa the amount of sales made by fo^.r-r^^.^Sdlo'rZ ^•“ptSn - 1 wusuontied by ,ho mustoring officer paid by eritaiU banks winch Ire had not a.-counk-d lor. and did not eoiupose ouy ponton ul his reported delai- to !H:troi». LOMBARD A PUTNAM hsvc again B — _ opened and enlarge I their Rooms in j amount ol tin- pubbe debt, l annulled tire same oasis Strone A Wend s hulidiue. kiv lire sr- | nwt.ligtlie value ol Hie pound sterling, which was at <=«"a>vl»b.Hi of their friend*, and would express a | loui .Ularsand eighty c nis—and ure re jsiiuii balance »rkimwlwJj'fnit'iit f»ppMt nmliilciicc awl jmt oi ibe liitti m , iui*aiiim.il ut*coiiiu reiulnwi »>y Kful. liv* feelimr ancnroil thnt thrirdforti t<» uivo |K»r- , in*! vSct’o.,o.» iht*«*iihol .Uarcliio! the prc?<i*iityear. ******1 aatiftfartiou l*«ve i*ot fnilcd to b* received mul j Within the lust lour >’*•«*> aggicgnu* ui«*ma •IJjnMcil by their fricml* nu«i the public fjcnemlly. ; thnt by the r financial y«.»nm*tuv, w IV All opermtion?i on the Teeth shouhl be caamin* j niaJc in extinsu:#«hiiiciiUi ol lhe pubhc liubU, or^ inure ^ tW oinrator at least twice a year. tinH for tbiii ..... .... Pan-osrcrar f« nn.»r pntrons are ALL Vcqnepted t«» call ‘‘‘"‘nn will (tossibly suit tlieircox»vet.icnoe. Oct i». 5—tf it. Rivers.] _ [Dr. H. J. Rotai.v. ItlVI’RS A- ROVALL, Sciror.os Dentists—Sarannak, (fa. OtHee North East corner of St. Julian *•*! Market Square. J»Pt 7 50—1 v **.'! R. ill.ike.] [Thomas F. Smith BURG & SUITt!. V trrORXlES A T I.A lr.—MACON, GA. y ILL sttviid to all prof-'ssional business entnist- ' ed to their cere, ia Bibb and the surrounduig waatiti' , • 8"Pt 13; 1847. ly pmlicularly the d«-hr uf Reid, lrvaigi. Co., lougs.nce due,amount lo fMlfiJl. Sine- y..ur last asre'inblage, the sum ol S’2UldiJi have (n-eu paid. The amount of sterling bonds redeemed daring Ure fiscal year just ond- cd. is A33.U00. They have been reertn d at this Dc- pailinetit, and are curler Jed. Tire coupons lor lire Slatch and Septaulrei dividends ul interest have Out been received,although the irecessaty hinds Iwvc been long since toiwnme i tu London lor lln-ir paymeul — The account of .Messrs. Held, Irving Jfc Go., already mentionol, states the teccipt ot Uie interest that Was due in .Man'll last. ... , r WiM'ti it wus arc-Trained thnt the sarpln* means of the Treasury would uuthunze an addhioua) |nynrent lOj the ann out ol S2d.<JWiand upWirds, ;.sa lurtner icduc- nonui the debt .me to Kent, living iCo., the necessa ry enquiry was made lor tlie pa cuase ol excoauge " About'the **nir time unwelcome intelligence ol th ir failure reached this country .which arrestee the contem plated payments, in coiiM-qurnce ot not knowing to whom it was to be made. .This niwtortuire to these h UwHnil CopttvtnerMliip. • U0 °M * OTIlOHKCKKll have fonne.1 a creditors .* Ure S^jynaersbip in the practice of Meo.c.ne «rd ^re^l'cre^Ue^tre’loan a sTu c- o. deep regret, ** kkoKr* or residence j *I^|L*prodn"XTeven hL*ire3 uu» catusttopiretu .luringtlicdavjat hia office i ^'^mlbUwe "hwISion of this firm will cone. uJe LTOa-T°l Messrs. owl. and at * , !,1^ W aseslaU.-;red by contract.spoctuc at LIpU * , ‘ Ul .uc j” *' ">e Floyd House. J. n. BOON 24 if E. L. STRUI1ECKER. . J. uTftn. Ii. Grefii .'Eremoved their ofiieo from Strong A Wood'* tire Metb- residence. 2—tf H 1 -".'o. t.ieir umeu in.u «fiktr? lck " ui * , li || tr. to the corner opjioiit.-1 ^umreh, tad adjoining Mr. Poe s reside tvivfc lt»»i»cri Pnltcrson HV permanently loentcl in thia place, ten- I'rnfeaaioual service* to the eittxena of hwit.ni x"*- virilli *. v ' He hope* that by prompt at 1 a-J* ““wue** to merit a share of public patronage. i* on Second street, in the buildiug w», • , ^"I'ied by the Macon Messcugcr. -7“ "".Jane 29,1847. 40—tf uiuio X,,n, *’ ,r !'• Hnmmly. o *“'* Hair Dresser, (late ot the Astor ''"/her Siiop, has opetn'd a Shojil in the ^ au Ilall Buibtinp*. troutiug «»u Mnllrerry farain'Tw wil1 be at all times ready to receive lS“ ".«• frien.U mid tlie j.ubUc. pSj Jtt| y 20. 1S47. <3 OIH on rinrk—Attorney nt Law, the agency l!i»l wasesnibu-.ieu oy BBILn—•• ft* aunectumry derails, fm the payment ot the aceruing dividends ot interest on the steilnijf bonds. A'ldiimn* al.y, it might be res ir.led as an a&nning mcjdeut, H the bonds, pledg' d lo them ns a areuiuy lor Uretr ad vances lo the State, and exceeding ibe amount ot llicae advances nhoul stioul I be put “ie market. The eswbitsiied mtegruy ol tma unn, liow- ever is a guaranty against such a faithless transaction. Their?iB<L MottlandJ-help* &.Ca, ol the City of New York, strengthen tins opinion in two ©otn- niumcnlions umler dale* "• the 8lh toepleiuber, and the •2thii ultimo, in which tlrey soggrat tnat lunJH iuay lre placed in New York, uud paid over ou delivery oi the Tire plan suggested would be a great convenience to tire Stab- by changing the place ol payment, and lor which adequate cnccwtonsshould be made bym, ow ing a liberal rate ol exchange and interest foe «h” c ‘* 5, ° 111 .ry period lor the transinis-ion ol funds toLoji mn. » tlici.v'ie rectamiretid an alteration 01 lire sixth section ».| the Ae.tof 1313 oti tills subject, which uroe des tor annual |aiyment* on this debt b. the balanc; h in ilieTreupury ; nml mcJU**?ol n ii»*lKienc>, then hy lean, *>»»todi*clwrge tlie mcihc jn-wluiciiw. The chaime proposed contemp'iitea Uiat tin* debt should U.uT" ' »* , , J ro tede W S y Hre^'^TLigLStare^ tl .Nt„rvrf e< * D * n “® ce io Mxcira, in the Second I deficiency ol nreiris in the Treasuty, that 1^*®** may to iw* ® n ' k House on Cotton Avenue, op- | iL^pli.l by a loan. Bat it isnot supposed that auen ** •)! timi. 'ifi* * Taylor s, win re Ire may be tonnd , B j, w ill exist, as the surplus and accruing h “P* ."V 00 *ha Circuit. He proposes j ut ^ Treasury are deemed luily ndcqua'e to *£«hLtf h "’ *' j°“ 1 ' n S Counties as business m.y ^.M^ceroara a,,propriaUon*,nnd tins debt NteT „ , The propoard alteration only transpusen the objecta S-g*" Dec. 22.1848. 13—tf I .kln-o mno la-antimrreed.andhaabeensug- A TTnuv"7. ,s,,,< ' V. lYnirrrove, A c,ro. E I AT LAW. Cros* Pr *t«. MnirasT Matray W >U pesetiee in tho couutias ot j ‘“wifi Il-T?' Ch »«<«T*. Flov-.l nn I Cato, and ol-1 Sb »v e Srpremo Court at Cassvil'e. 22-1y ! far which Ul" loan may be nutiioriaed, and has been sug gested so a* to meet every conringency. and l»riicuhu- ly to bring to an early conc.usion this old and perptex of X15B00. bereto&je mentioned m having been sold by Ried. Irving & Go. b«" “JS. terest of five percent, payable in I/m don, but exceed A suit has been commenced on the bond of J. R. An- ifeisuu, late Gasinvi ol lire Branch** Ure Dairen Bunk nt Milledgevule. and his securities in tire county ol Greene,and a verdict wastaie-y rendered lor vln/SM ,iiiil ,row .ms. The dt-reiidauis haveeuteted nn appeal. Also, another sun him been br- ughl and concluded a ranisl uie same inUividO*l, and his s. curitres oil their bond ill In* behul ,usB.«ik-ki'eper ol tire Central Bauk. A recovery ot auout blo/oxt has Oeeu ell.-eted. Tire two last iiieuuotied sums, or wuaisurver sum in-.y be finally lecoveicd by Uw action peuduig Ul Greene County, win tie a |iuit ot Uie rerou.ces oi uie Darien Bank, and disliuaiuible among its creditors. Tile amount tuat may oe recovered and paid will, 10 that extent, diiuunsb me liability ot lire Elate us a sb-ck- hotder. Oi uns liability t have spoken by my message tu Ure last Legislature. Tue op.ulou Uieu expiere- d, IS Unchang.-j. It was exp. cled Ilia 1 alter Uie gteai de lay, there would be 1111pa notice on Uie part u ure cred itors. Repleseutabuns nave been made by some ol them, complaining ol Ure hurdslujKi Uial Itave been sub lered, and indulging lire tiopc ot meir early aheviattou. All such ducuurenis, und indeed all ol eve<> quid per- lanmu u> me Dairen Bank, iiave been plaa-d under Uie care . 1 tire Director 0* Ure central Bank, with lire di- ieci.011 mat tin y Should eiUrer be lepoited to, or await Ure cnU"! tile ts gislaiute. Daiuiglusi year, the sum of $17,131 03 was receiv ed on accoumoi uie luuiwiy ciauns agnust Ure Uiuted States. Ihe otyecw lo wh.cn it was tippta.il are stared 111 nn acc-unt in Dial Department, with tlie State, wmi lirep«op<*i vouctrei*. lire delay wiueh aireinlcJ Ure rep-iyuiouloi c, ruin suua.a.'e* mat were made noui me Tuu-urv, during ure last year, lor ibe cranepoiratio,1, sale-c-l nce and laotiimg ol the regunelit required tor me .Mexican war, gave no hope lh.il a conespoudeiice would Hasten the payment «* these ci niin. Miuist urging U10 re-p lymeul 4 the advances tUetl recenUy ura-ie, i took occunuii to coll lire utU'iiliolii* lire Scc- reury at VV ur lo wnut he apily calls ill one 01 Ins H- teis, lire “ old ciauns 1 ol Uie auric. Indeed, Ure apple- nemuun was tell, mat the ucW might tad into uie same diUicdlty ol Ihe o.d cuuus. .... , It is proper that 1 should odd, that the pay incut above mentioned was made Without additional evidence, an J it is sippoorn that 11 mote ubera spirit ot jusi.ee and eqmtv itsiiti beretoioie, was hrotigiit to the ejutnuiotiou oi Uiese emiuis. The iHmcuuicsuireudiug ureir liquid ation. and i.dvetted to ut uiy urea-age to ure tost Legis lature, will constantly udaie. So long as the Depart ment nt Washington adlretes to the rigid rules Uial hive been udopled. these chum* may he considered as post poned in men payment. Additional legislation m rela tion u, them, by Congress, is deemed ueceotuy, and may preliably be obtained by your urgent remonstrance against fuituer delay m Ure payment ol these old C.iillllA, j Darnigthe post summer, Irom representations mode to uie, a number ot executions were ordered to be issued against certain Batiks, lor taxes due to the Slate. In tire absence oi eveiy kind ol evidence Uiat ought to have been Lund in me office ol the Gompti oiler Gcuer- nt. cotihdeuce was reposed ui the statement then made. Tins was strengthened alter reliable lulonuation bad .‘a-en received, uiat an execuuou Itad some years ago been named ng iun-t ihe lnsuisnoe Bank ol Co.u.nbus, but returned iii coireeqoeiice ol aoure irregutanty ai to the oiherr by whom issued. Toe para.nount iein cleared by the tax law of l*H,ha» breotghl ta couilret lire State and .Mr. James ifoilord, a creditor ol lire ut- snrance Bank ot Columbus. T he issue between them involve.1 many facw, aaserted on the one hand and tie- nteJ on tire other. 1 was reluctant 10 decide between Uie panic*, and at my request the question »’»» Y e *rvcd lor voardecu-iou. In the mean rune it was agreed that no steps should be taken toeulocoe the payment ot lbeir n-soeetive e|*»"* 1 submit herewith coptea 01 the UC UViULIJW. — — J ' sad detxmied in sffis Department. It awsitsthe colt "'lTs hrnevedthat a Urge qnvntity of land in this Stale bss never been surveyed: and tt surveyed, many of tfre public debt. 'Tpp Supreme Court, whose establishment was so long of qucstonable utility, in the opinion oi— several Legislatures, lias realized to tire fullest extent the expectations of its most siendfisl advocates. Its R-elulne-s has proven its necessity. It is retbnuiug the irregularities necewsuiiy incident to the old system of judicature, by impressing lire suuip of uniformity on allot its decisions. Throughout our liiu.is tiie rule is or can be made the same, whether in reference to per son or property, crime or comract. Jts organization, it is respecttuJIy suggesied, is defective in reqiecl to tire place* where its sessions are now Ireld. and should be altered by desqpiaiing five places only which are easi ly arceauble. The lore" ** tin- suggestion will prolia- bly be appreciated, by considering tire great and increas ing hbo -of Ibe Judges, whicli tlrey are required to per- forin with promptituue, without superaddiug the fatigue ol anhtoixN nunm-s to incutiveuient point*. Tire rr-t ictionon ihe Re|K>rter, by lo.hidding him to imcticein tire Courts of the State, may, in my opinion, re removed, as its justice ornecewty is not perceived. In some of the Courts eUewhere.of like power, tin* ill- terdict tloe*mu exist. The Reporter has iiirinstred the required immhrrof reports, wiireli await thedi ectioa of tlie Legislature. I recommend their distribution to th" several Stares, from waich this State lias received many similar proof* of kmdaeasanj liberality. A*c«mrected with'thejndieial term ot office,some em barrassment has already arisen, and may hereafter.-iriie, in my opinion lire Constitution fixes lire term of office according to the calriuiar, and not political or ti*cal year.—The dale when tire officer i* qualified is the be ginning of htsofficial term; butbeiore nsexpinition a -ucesrooris frequently appointed lu inch case tlie Gov ernor can wire a coiminssiuu only alter the one, imme diately preceding, has expired. lu j>u, mg ihe Mtiariea uf tlio Judge* of tho Su- jireiuc CoaiT, during the last fiscal year, it tvastlU- coveml that tlieir couimiMiou* i«Mmi on the 24 il December, 184.1, about tif.v <lay* utter the begin- dug of the li-cul yeaij luidthe act of ii]iproj)riutioii lecTareil their salaries to lit! the xauie as in the jireseut year. Tlie Constitution ul.ro declares that tlieir salaries shall be adequate to their services, establUbed by law. lu this cmillict i deemed il jirojior in i*.-ue warrant* <>* the Treasury reckou- lug only from the time wbm they were qualified nuJc'iimiuiii-ioued, and not from the t-nuiniciice- uieut of thu fiscal year of 1815. If in this, there Ue error, you will doubtless avail yoiiiselvesaiflhe e.irlied occasion to correct it. I, however, will it omit to remark, that according to the Cuireli- Ititiou, theircouiuiissMius will not ceu-o until the two, four and six yeurs, meutiuueil therein, shall have fully expired; uud ikuugh jrei toriniug duties after other fiscal years have commenced, still hey will be entitled to tml received the pivserib- id salaries. Indeed, ii is only u question as to time, wlieu the traction »f a quarters salary is to tie paid— either belbi e or after thd required judi cial services have been reudered. Tho flnuorable Judge of the Ucmtilgce Circuit has, iu compliance with the duty required of liim ( »ugg' sted a m alilicutimi of the peiiul code. Tue language of the penal one Ucscnpli.e of the puu- Ishuieut of acertaiu otTe.ice is indefinite, ami tire ion* construeti.in* iu iliti' ieut judicial districts Iggestthe propi-i'-tv of uuieudiug this detect.— Coji.es oi this letter are laid before you. The general di-uscinto wlncli the militia laws of the State have fulleu, uud the many iiielfeclual ef fort. made to revive nud enforce diem, may pro perly puweutlbo question whether tiiey should not suspended; 11.nl that inducements lie otiered fur f.irmatiou uf voluuteer corps. A reluctant mid compulsory service contrasts feebly with tiiat whi. h is voluntary aud energetic. The necessity of a military (mlice iu eertum localities has Been apparent, us to lead tu the organization of vol- uuleer c.mi|aitxie*, iriosjrecltve of the militia. The a lupted plan of prosecuting die existing war with Mexico, IS iiidepeiiileut of.he militia as cuutradis- tiugni-hed Iroui volunteers, and it is pi.-mined that th s jd.iu will be continued. Indeed, it may be ui- ,B rued as true, that llie practical operatiuu of onr military system, especially of that portiou which requires a compulsory service, has furnished but meagre proof uiju fitness tu impurl tliecustnuiary -qiudificatiou of a soldier, or even tu ascertaiu tho eiioctive military strength of tbo State. It i* iheiefure te-pectfnlly pr.qmstil that the militia lie disbauded tiy a au-peuaiou of the milita ry laws ns lo th. UI—dial this suspension -hullcon tinue until a ueees-ity for their revival shall exist, which shall lie judged of by tbc Coumiaudor-ui- Cfaief, and that lie ue auth-uised to oniui tlieir rc- orguniz-ili.iu.aud iu ca.*e of default, apjorut uud commission tho proper officer* for this purpose. As a substitute, il is recommended that volun teer companies lie encouraged, by exempting tlieir members from tlie peiforumuce of other public duties, and die dial, luutioii of arms from tlie publie arseuuL. The counties in which no volunteer companies exist should he pielemil in tiie allot- meut of arms, to llie end that llie plau as proposed may be universally adopted- By it a military force will probably be organized for imifiediuie uctioii, and amount to at least seven thousand etfeetivu A.ldit.ou d eiteuuragcuieul would be giv of the enemy, buorlly nlterwards 11 battalion of mounted men wns required. It was promptly tilled, and is uow marching under the command o ' LieutetiantColouel Calhoun, by Executive appoint meut. It is proper that 1 should aJd, that fins last b ittali ni basu supernumerary company, owing some irregularity in the mustering officer. In which at my request was retaiued iu service by the Secretary of War. The Executive'appointment of Lieut. Col. Cal houn, is a departure from 'be precedent heretofore established, but made under tho necessity of the ns well as a broader military education a. qu.ied. by providiug that wireu a number of voluuieer cuuqianies may I'uiu themselves iulo batmlious, regiments, brigade* or divisious, they may be un itialised to ap l Kiiuf the apjilopi late otlieeis ill eon- fortuity to the exinlmg laws of the State Tins would lead lo encampments, iu which it is thought th- education of the soldier is much advanced. Tho enumeration ol'ine militia of ihts State is palpably defective. \\ itbuut mterleriug with Ihe plau which has Ih-cu projKised, it may be made uiare nceurale tlirough ibe ageucy of llt.r Justice* of the I’eacu who, ni atldiiiau tu the duty now required of them tu deliver to the Receivers of lax returns, lists 01 jiersuu* subject to be taxed in their di-tricls respectively, should ul.-o ho required to render other lists ot jiersous liable to perionu mil itary duty. These lists, alter liemg duly ecrlilici, should be lrni.»m.tled lo tne Executive Depart meut, aud uuder the siipcrvisi.ni of tfip Goveruur consolidated, ns to cuuuties, brigades or division*, an.l forwaidcd to tbo Adjutant Geueral uf the army ul' the Uuilod States. for this service, suitable compensation should lie given lo the Just.c. < uul exceeding tiie rales al lowed to those engaged lu takiug the last census, fur every soldier eurollcd. itislurther suggested that the ciiuiiicrnliou according lo the j.r.qKiaed au.sie may be rcqirud lo be mode only at tho eud ..I'every fourth successive year. iu ihe ui.ni.ti of May of ibe last year, the Presi dent of the United Stales made it requisition ou Georgia, fora regnueut of infantry of volunteers, tu aid iu the proscenium ol ttie war with Mexico,uud to serve tor twelve mouths, unless sooner discharg ed by Uie aullioitiies at W.islnuglou. The ipjH-al then iiia.te was proiuplly iesjHi.ide.1 to. A liirce exceeding that whicli was req tiretl was vol- uut-iiily leudclcd. lu less throi a uioutli alter tlie call w.<ii made, the rvgitne.il was organized and immediately uru. hod 10 -Mexico. After fu.tilling illo term- of .li.tr enroluieut, aud jterforiunig all tu . - uiay become soldiers, they were houorubly discharged. . During tho past Spring another requisition came from die saute source tor a battalion ol iuf.tntry ol Vulautcers, vv h.i h I regret to say, lias uot been so promptly raised. This delay, may iu part be at tributed tu the recr.uliug eslabiisliuie.it* m many sections of the State, where ml uuequal compet.- li.ni existed, iu couseipieuce of the bounties paid to recruits by officers of the army of the United Stale*. This State having appropriated uo thuds far tins purpose, couid not reic-ouubly be supposed til be a* prompt iu action, as those representing the Federal Government and provided with gi enter facilities. Moreover the service ul the volunteer aud recruit wiil probably he thu same and con tinue a* 1'iug as the war. Nuiwi.haiuudiug the existence of tb:se embar- rassmeu'*, 1 atu gratified in staling that tbe bat- laliuu bas lately Uceu completed, after four cuiu- j .allies composing it had marched uuder tiie order ol the Federal Government to Mexico. Isaac G Seymour, Esq., uu the 3tlih of last mouth, was np- jaimled its commander, with tbo rank aud title of Lieuteuaut Colonel. The reasous operating on tho Executive arc set forth 111 Iheurder fur his appoint ment, aud more fully adverted to m tlie instance of Lieutenant Colouet Calhoun, hereafter mentioned. Duriug the past summer the President made au additional requisition for a company of mounted uieu. As in the case of thu Regiment ul iufaulry, great competition existed. The selection was mode by accepting the services ot Cupt. Loyall, ol Newton county, mul his command, who first ten dered their services. They or# now in the country tiie United States, that a part of the battalion, be fore it was fully organized, had left the State. 1 hud 110 authority to recall litem for the purpose electing a commanding officer. Nor wus itdeeui- -d proper that a part should elect for the whole. Thu only obstacle encountered was the precedent ib.it had beeu established aud uniformly acquiesced in. Without this precedent, I should have regard ed the le.-al competency of the Executive, under all circuuislauces, to make the appointment uuder cousidei aliou, ns explicit aud unquestionable. In view, .herelbre,ufrecoucil:ug, in my opiuiou, this coutlicl between usage uud laws, 1 recommend when tho militia or volunteers are called iuto ser vice by thu requisition of the Federal G •ver.mreiit or otherwise, that the Governor be vested with the authority of appointing the fi-ld anil general offi cers, according to the Knee that may he assem bled. Following not less inclination than tho example of other States, it is dci-uicd proper and just that fit testimonials should be awarded to the sous of Georgia who It ivu distinguished themselves by tlieir skill nud bearing on the sauguiu.try battle fields iu Mexico. Tbo performance of duty, and its appropriate reward, should be iuse|Mirable.— lienee 1 commend these brave men to your care ami justice. The extension and early completion of the Western ami Atlantic Railroad limy now be com mended with great confidence to your considera tion. Tbe doubts heretofore embarrassing this work of State euterprize ate merged into its great usel'uliressund national importance. Tbe produc tion* of tlie country through which it runs have ■ucreased iu quantity aud value. As tt necessary ctmsetjiiei.ee the freehold iuterest bus felt its quick ening intliiences. Even the Treasury has indirect ly received subsidies from it, by reason of the con- slant and earnest enquiry ut'ler tho reverted lauds of the State iu its viciuity. Virginia, Tennessee and Alabama, iu part, have adopted it as the most convenient mode of reach- iug a Southern Atlantic port with tlieir production*. By it new commercial relatiou* have been estab lished, and social intercourse happily promoted. Tho navigation of some of tlie Western rivers here tofore deemed difficult ami almost impracticable has been proven by -he energy and enterprise which have been awakened by your great work of iuterual transportation. Similar works com municating or iuteuded tu couimuuicate with it have been roiiuwed, or ytartdl iuto existence.— Nor should it be overlooked that it is an important and necessary link in the ebaiu of internal improve ment that is to couuect the Southern Atlantic jau ts with the middle valley of tho Mississippi river. These illustrations and imliiceui.-uts urge Geor gia forward to the perloi uniiice of her duty aud ndvmiccuieiit uf her interest*. A space of less than forty mile* is her allott.-d part of til's great work. Au outlay of $371,000 will complete her task, and improve a previous expcudiuiro of more than $100,000 that are now lying idle and unprofit able. The load fur a hundred miles has bee.i fin ished and put iuto successful operation, when your hliaucc* were disordered and public credit de pressed. These embarrassments are uow only partially felt. Moreover,Tennessee, at my inquest, has promptly and liberally extended your char ter for the completion uf your road within tho next twenty-six mouths. In addition to these suggestion*, I am gratified in laying before you tbe ujieratious of ihe road for tlie last year eliding iu September Inst. The total receipts, as reported by tho " Chief EiiHin.fr, am.iiiar.il to $33.-133 72; and nett profits $37,800 93. The expeusea of Ihe last fiscal year, paid w itliiu this, amount to $t>,1Ut), aud lln.se of the present year to $41,453 07. Tire appropriation unde by ill" last Legislature of $130,UU'I lias l» eu expended with the exception of $'28,100 The sum of $4,100, has beeu applied to the redeuiptiou of scrip, iu cuiypliuuce with a remarkable provi sion of the act of appropriation of llie lust General Assembly. 'J'he unexpended buluuce, just men tioned, is liable to be reduced by debts against the road; though it is reported that after puyiug all outstanding liabilities, still a balance will remain. Tho indebtedness has arisen from tiie difficulty iu the sale of bostds of (hat class, w bich were order ed by the ln.st Legislature. The report of the Chief Engineer has been or dered to be printed and laid before you lu part ing with the Chief Engineer and the agents em ployed 011 the roiitl, 1 willingly give uiy evidence to thu fidelity and promptitude with which they have performed their duties. A contract at tile present time exist* with the General l’o.-l Office Depart mint for the transporta tion of the mail ut one huudred dollars per mile per annum This contract w ill eud 011 the first of De cember next. I was unwilling to conclude nu agreement that would run through a (leriod ol fuiir year* without llieairh iritvol thu Legislature. In sulimitliug this subject to your consideration. I ■dinuld remark that the J’ost Master General In* recently proposed tut alteration iu the wail-sche- dule on tile State roud. which contemplates the departure ot* the cars from Ailautu at half past twelve o’clock iu the day. It* etfe-ct will be to cause their arrival at D.dtotvat eight o’clock in the night. Mail service in the night is usually enti tle. I to a higher c.uupcusutiou thuu that performed 111 the day. Thu marketable productions of that section of Ihe Stale, which the railroad |reuetrates, ami those that are contiguous, are mostly bieaii-stiitfsiu some form, of large bulk, ami incapable of beariug the expense of a long transportation, unless the foreign demand usually the effect uf scarcity should en hance prices. To any great extent, therefore, the foreign markets cannot be relied on, unless iu tbe supposed caseofdefieieucy of fMMj.Themostauiform customer* will be found, among those who are di versifying the iudustry of the State, by tho estali- linbmeiit of nuimifuctorie*. By increasing the number of these, the agricultural productions of the State will lie also increased, uud iu a great measure cotiMimedal home. It is then respectful ly submitted, w hether the fostering care ami hirer- ality that have beeu exhibited by the State ou her works of iuterual tnmsportatiou may uot be ex tended to tile encouragement nud growth of the inecliauical mist If not inseparably, they surely are intimately cnuuccted. Au iucreased nu'iouut offreigbl will enhance the value of the State rail way, but without a market neither railway uorug- ricultunil industry mu tlourish. Other cousiderutious of equally grave import, cannot fail to attract your utteution in coiiueclimi with the industrial pui suilsof the State, and the pol icy if not necessity of etfecliug some modification* iu them. Tho great defect is the want of diversity in our labor. It Inis been concentrated on tbe rear ing of one great staple, which w ith the contribu tion* of other Slates uf a like production,lias.'hrongh a series of year*, so accuuiidafed iu tiie market* of the world, asscuicely to leave the planter remu nerating profits. In the meantime au exhausting system uf tillage lias reudered the soil less produc tive. Firmly couviuced that the amount of labor, as now and herttofoie directed is greatly diniiro- portiouate to the other industrial processes of life, aud its teudeucy is todecliue aud ultimate decay, 1 would suggest as a remedy, the iucorporatiou of m uiufa tu.ing companies, with the most liberal charters. Tlie grout of these cannot injuriously affect other iuterest*, but ou the contrary promote litem. The charter* will be inducements lo new investment*, and as they may divert capital and la bor from other employment*, eijiecwlly from agri culture, to thnt extent the planter will be removed from a competition that has beeu dragging down the price of his staples. Like all tbe great works of iuterual improvement, the plan iu view contemplates that there should be joiut eflbrt and co-operation. A wise policy will awaken tbe inventive id action, and irn- |a>*e no restraint that will retard it* progress or mar it*success. Au exemption from taxation, or tlie imposition of 11 small tax for a specified number of years, aud also an exemption of the private pro- -diversified as to supply geueral wants, and those which are coufiue.l to tho production of a few rich staple* to tbe neglect of llie common uecessaiies of life—the geueral efioct of that tn.de, iu which rire raw materials are returui-d iu manufactured fabrics at increased juice*, varying from two to five hundred jrer cent.; ami an impartial examination of the iiat irnl advantage* iu motive power, climate uud a home market. Nor will this subject in relation to the exemptiou of the private 'protierty of the corporator be dis missed without adverting to the probable effect of suvIt pulley, ltxvill beau invitation to foreign uud domestic capitalists o invest in manufacturing com panies, aud *0 far from Indu.-rug an abuse of it, wilt operate as a restraint uli credit. Unlike the bills of a Imik, which pas* by delivers, aud for tbo time being constitute tbe h.Llcis hereof lire creditors of the bauk, the contracts of muuulactu- riug eoinpauies are usual! v special aud restricted to the original parties. 1 Tiie prudence of lhe cred- itor in such instance*, generally guards him against injury or loss. As an equivalent for this privilege, X recommend that each incorporated company be required euder a specific penalty to give to each iiuieuted apprentice lire opportunity of acquiring, free of expense to the apprentice, the rmliuieuU of nu Euglish eduea^oo. lu this asp-rel lhe plau 1*' fraught with philanthropy. Oar euticati.iunl *>>- lent is iu some resjrects deficient, by reason of die spursciress of the p ipnlatioii, and tire distance of the pupil* from places of instrucliou. lty the pr. - posed scheme, classes will be assembled and tire facilities uf uieulul improvement be afforded, with out publie aid. At tip) same time, .he apprentices will be acciistoaied to iiabu* of iudustry, so that on reaching lhe end. of their apprentice ship, they may go flrrth furnished with tire nreaus of success in life. It is lire) combination of mental vulture and habits of bodily l ilxir, which lias produced tire most energetic aud successful men uf tho mufieru age. Socially it is worthy of trial, if expotieuco may bo presumed to teach the same lessons every where—individually it teeure with promised bless ings, ns it disarms [Hiverty of want, and rescues ignorance from folly. The objection that the pop ulation of manufacturing districts in other coun tries is usually dwai fidi nud dependent, cannot be supposed to exist with 11*, unless we overlook thu proofa of experience in othcn States. The people of the Eastern Stales in which >hu mechanical arts mostly llourish, ure currying their pursuits into, and impressing in some degree their opinions ou every part of the Uuiou. S.i far then from crea ting a class of dependants, tfie reverse may be af firmed lo be true. What condition of life, however humble, lias not famished its quota of men, who have illustrated that neither ignorance nor jiovei'ty can repress the successful aspiration* for wealth or honor 1 The genius of our institutions forbids that men should (re a dependant, w hen tempted or traiued to exercise his body aud mind. A wise forecast partaking ul’ the general freedom with which we are sutrounded, should apply the in centive to bote. A resolution of the last General Assembly required the Executive to appoint two commissioners oil the mt of Georgia to meet such as might be appointed by • iorida, for the purpose oi definitely settled ihehoun.la- ry between llie iwo States, with such restriction as tile Governor might deem necessary to impose. The pow er granted to this Department was extraordinary, aud may be regarded as a strong proof ol the suhe lu.le ot file Legislature ol the State, to bring this protracted controversy to an early and amicable adjustment, in tbe execution 01 this authority it at once appeared that 1 could not overlook the'Constitution ol file Stnte, by which our territorial limits had been declared. Apart Irom tills controlling consideration, I was desirous ol examining llie question of right, .separated Irom this re striction to tlie end that it the.Coiistitutioii asserted a claim to territory inconsistent with file one that was |>araiiiouut on the pai t vt Florida, 1 might fin in re commend tor yuur consideration a removal oi tiie 'ob stacle. In respect to the merits of this question as they have VOL XVI —NO. 7, y,fz T?iqif of similar favor* received of th-xn. To enrh of th* countin' n copy hnn bran or wilt be forwwtferl nnd de livered to the Inferior Court* rcsftootij^lv. The iabora of Mr. Bonner wercurdumi* and prdonsH for the space of eighteen month?.—Whether in n^}**ct to hip toil or «*f l»!f» work in n public view. I cm opinion That th** subscription already mentioned i* not anade- hj'ste recompense, to him, and cheeriuliy recommend additional compensation to -u h amount as may com port with th" justice and liberality of the Legiriavare. The ad litioual building near this pi ce, for’the recep tion ol i Ijm* and lunatics, Iris be it completed. A more thorough classification can now be made of the inmates of the asylum. The appropriation* made far their com- fort and supjiort during the two last years have beeu found insufficient, by ry.t*on or the increase ot pauper patients.—In thisemerg -ucy. al'cr exhausting, the spe cial appropriation* for these objects, recourse wus ii*d oil the contingent appropriation made q*the year 1813. lo obviate lulure .1 theulties ia tins regard, I again re commend that the counties which inayxend pauper pa tient* to th" asylum should he required to defray a moiety of the expense ireoessary lor tlseir maintenance, i hirtv dollars annually fir each would probably be re garded as the proper sum to beqiaid. This would he an abatement of at least one half ol file amount necessary lor the maintenance nnd care of eacli pauper lunatic or idiot if the asylum were not established. II tlie Treas ury be not 10 some extent relieved of thia burthen, which is constantly increasing, it may be reasonably ex pected that this pui.hc charity will Soon Ipecomc oppress rive. Indeed, since theeatriolislimcut of the asylum, it i* apprehended that hrsomc counties the benifice'ntiawa in I-'had of the p.*>r have been suspended or relaxed. Tiie report of the Trustees of this institutionhas been made to tin's dejiartinent, and is subject i- U- nt the Gcuetal Assembly. According to ttie report of the Commissioner for the indigent Deaf. Dumb nnd Blind, the education of this unfortunate clast of our race, at tlie Hearn Manuel La bor School, in Ihis State, has been successful. The betieficiaries wire were at Hartford, in tlie Stare ol Con necticut, iv.ue removed to tlie School in Floyd county early in the last year. They have increased to tlis number of fourteen. In any respect.it U thought, that nothing lias lieen iost by tlieir removal. It is certainly true that this char.ly of tlie State has beeu more extend ed and economically administered. 1 beg IcaVc to present iu a tabular form, the condition of tbc Central Bunk, a* compared with its condition bout lour year* a go: * LiabUitii4 on gth member, 1913. Circulation,... $673,322 00 Suite 3 per cent. Bon. Is, 520,1 U 60 Dvpositvs, IlWjSdd IS . $1,294,511 7» Liabilities on let Xottmler, 1847. Circulation §22,1-16 00 State 3 per cent. Bonds, 479,440 80 Dvposiivs, 48J53S 45 $510,275 21 Reduction *744,279 50 To which may be added about $200,000paid on account of interiest, and expenses of Bank. The opinion is re- peated, that the estimated deficiency, niter exhausting the available assets of file Bank, will be more than §20l).t)t)t). The Director of the Eankjias lately made a report to till* Department,that contains detailed information re lating to the unavailable assets of file lustiluiion, and other information useful to the Leg’isSature. lu respect to theworfiiless assets, in note* and bills, he estimates their aggregate amount nt $367,27.3 89; to .which may be added the amount of tjll.460 10, previously carried to profit and loss. it is thought that the time haa arrived when its asset* " may be turned over l» the Treasury, and tlieir adminis tration directed by tlie officer presiding over that De partment. It is recommended that lie should be allowed an Assistant Clerk, who, before entering on the duties of In-office, should be required to give bond aud secu rity for the latihwl perloi mance ol tue trusts rejmsed in him. .» if on this occasion, and another similar ns to time and circumstance, l have abstained from the discussion of ledersl measures of present and existing concern, it is not because us an individual llmve no opinions 9:1 them, or would aeek. to conceal them. Th • path of duty is marked by tiie Constitution,whicli I cheeriidly follow; preseme'i tliemselves, after aeatcnuig with some care i preferring at all limes practical to aistiact fegisiation. ^ ' ■ a correct cuttem- | To the zealous advocate ol the rights ol the blates, this cou?sc cannot !>e objectionable. Local nnd domestio alliiirs claim our ti.-'i eaie; for strength at home is strength abroad- Then contemplate carefully the posi tion thnt your'Statc should and may occupy among her confederates, or cv. n in tire op moti ot Christendom.— Her cap ibihin a are- efebiimfiy expanding, nnd measur ed m some degree by the tri:-t with which you have been invested. A wise policy, combining remote and pres- sion, add thereby reconcile conflicting claim*, avert the exasperation and strife consequent •« a divided jm is ac tion between sovereign authorities, 1 regre-t that 1 mu not prepared to make eudi a recommendation. The claim of Georgia rests firmly, l believe, on the treaty made between l»e United otaus and Spain in 1795, which, it should be remarked, is coocurreut in this rcs- dtrcl with the Constitution of this State. - , e . Without re-stating file reason ot this opinion, I beg i ent mterests. vvill ensure presr'til enjoyment nnd tuturo leave re-.p' Ctlul.y tu reter you to the instruction* whicli ' .prosperity. 1 ni* is Ii"' essence >u Civilization. 1 hen were <uven to .Ucsers. J. ii. CouperandJ. Cmwlort, 1 promote social intercourse.encourage indnstiy, advance Coumusriuneis ou the part ol Georgia, and their lejxirt • education,adruinister justice,an?I preserve Rjiofieso pub- to this Department, uud their cotreepondeuce with tile lie t ilth. Nor oujiit it to lie forgotten, that; wrhntaoevcr ci’limn.*.j"li"fs ul J'i.ani.i. Cop: s of these are here- I i* expressed or acted hy 111 iii, socially or individually, with suhuutted. 1 should nut omit to observe that the ! bis eye Cl.in 't o*; too ollen aorl tuteolly turned to last proposition ma de by the couumssiwiera of Georgia lo lh..*e of Fiondi —that is, to tun the hue eastward to the highest point on the principal branch of the St. Mi ry’s river, 111 wh.ch its tributaries accumulate sutficient water to cause a pernmiieiu tiow in a well defined channel—aud, if accepted—would liuve met inv appro val, ami the necessary steps taken to establish tbe boun dary accordingly. in eveiy asp-et of this as yet amicable controversy, prudence and ine dly ueighboi howl demands it* cany setfi.-iuint A conif.ct ot authuuty between the con testing States may be soottel or la ter expected. It will probably arise from die decision ot a jumcial question. Resistance to its execution may toliuw. torce against torce may be employed, and thus the two States may be embroiled 111 angry stnte. The afiatis of die t’enitentiaty lor the two last years have been as aoccesstuliy tnantiged by its present otli- cient Frincipnl Keeper as they were dating the two year, immediately preceding. Uuder his benign yet film admintsttation, it is beueved tiiat the geueral good conduct ot the convicts may cliadcitge a companion with those tiiat have preceded ’it. in file dire'ctiou ol their lalmr lie has been eminently suocrsehii. Notluug ha? been drawn from the Tteasury lor its supjiort With in two years, but on the contrary, its null profits iiave amounted to $19,573 86. Recurring to the period when be came into office, nearly four years ago, he found me work-imps and loots hnd been lately destroyed by tiie. Their estimated value by his pieJeccssor was placed at a?30,000. They have been replaced, and liieir appraised value fixed at $21,96136. tor these objects uhly $t0jJ22i",, iiave been drawn from Ihe Treasuty. The difference be tween these last uiemioneU amounts should properly Constitute a credit to the institution, el*- the law is Without rneatmig or effect wlncli Ueciares that wlieO work is done lor file State by the convicts, t snail be so charged ; or that winch ia equally contradictory, when woik is performed by file convicts lor file State, nud by tlie direction of the Legislature, it is ol no value, iu adverting to tins inequitable mode ol staling the ac counts ot this institution, it is uot for the purpose ot rc- iqa-nuigadutcussiotion transact uns of years passed by, but of snowing die auioum that uas been dtawu Iro.u the Treasuty, and its mure mail full and fair equivalent a- received oy the Siate. The items composing the account of this officer for the last two yeare.are happily live from previous difficul ties.—Tlie cash on liana an.l the note* and accounts, can be estimated witfi reasonable' accuracy, reo atso may the manufactured article*, fortunately tew, and ot comparatively small value. These will be shortly re potted ou by a committee appointed in accordance with a law ol the last Legislature, us well os the uimiuituluc- tured materialsou hand. Tin* report, when tecetv d, wilt be subject to your is dcr.—1 beg leave to repeal my rccumuieudauou to Uie lust Legislature, tiiat me seta* Heaven Ibr guidance and guardianship. GEO W. CRAWFORD. Arrival of thu 1 kiua 1 fine'IVigiite returawl from he Mac cdom ax.—This mission of relief to tbo stnivjug people of Ireland this day—commnu- dor officer* aud crew all well, 110 accident having occurred rinriug h r voyage, thoutriectof which i* ■lulv appreciated by tlie people tire lias vi-ited. We I. •itru ilt it a detailed stateuteut of her mini in • in pr. ji-iratiou and will be jnil>lt*hed shortly. ’ Wherever Aie liss gone the people of all Clascal seemed to vie wiili eidi other iu their eudenvor* tu show their grateful sense of her benevolent mis sion. Tbi* morning the Macedonian anchored off (hr Battery. John Sullivan, seaman, fell from tho main yord on deck and received some considerable' injury. Letter* from Cork ns*ert thnt nine thousand per sous iu that district alone have been raved from death by starvation, by the timely succor brought out by the M ii'edimbiu. The Mocetlouimi has had tolefaljly good weather excepting in the Channel, where she encountered Ihe heavy September g.ile, which wrecked almost every th'Ug afloat. She whs beating oat of th» North Channel, but was obliged to wear oltijr aud make alee under Arran l.-luud, where pile came to with loss <>f jib. furetomnust st?iy-?uil and a new fore topsail, rinse-reefer), bt'ihg blown completely out of the bolt-ropes.. Tho pilots assert that her safety is attributable to the very careful tpaunerin which.'he had been ball.istr-d before leaving port. A*. Y. Com. AJv. 22j ult. perty of the stockholder f om liubil tv for tbe ilebt* of tlio company of which he is a member, would iu my opiuiou conduce to tbe establishment of exten sive manufactories, and ns a consequence give au impulse to all the useful mechanical art* aud their tram uf attendant blessings. Of those, in a paper like this, it can scarcely be expected that I should address you nt largo, except by suggesting fur your cou'iderariuu, a comparison between tliu?e com munities, however extended into Sto’us, Empires or Kingdoms, in which the pursuits of labor ars so aud that authority be given lor the employment master workmen at higher salaries,m the vanuus trades a* overseers. 1 transmit herewith a list of Executive warrants drawn on the Treasury lor the last two year*; also copies ot' Executive orders relating to various subjects. The motives of tlieir passage ate expressed in each. Some relate the appointment oi oiiiceis to till vacancies, aud will fiterriore claim nccvssariiy jour attention. The hill contrnipiati g theatt.-rai.ouof the Constitu tion, in tespect to the time ol holding cor lari elect-oil*, was so erroneous ui its reference to tue art.uie uud sec tion intended to he changed, that a was uot deemed proper to publish it. 1 return herewith to tlie respective brauches of tue General Assembly in winch they originated, sever -l hills which wore presented lor my revision and approval. Notes are appended to each, m winch are briefly de clared the reasons tot withholding my assent to them. Resolutions Iropt several St ites, and tclauug to dtfier- em subjects,are transmitted herewith. Wulun file last year life city 01 Columbus has been Visited by several destrucuve fires. The injury to, and destruction of property wete so extensive as to induce the department to issue at; order to suspend the collec tion o| the debt due to file State by that city, for the pur pose of* re-builitig a bridge that connected its trade end intercourse with Alabama. '1 he order was passed at the request of the inu licipai authorities v( Columbus. It operated only as a suspension ot the payment ot tbe debt, according to the arrangements maue by my 1111- IvcitJtASKD Sptkn ox Railways.—The latest English papers give * one account of au eugiua which ha* recently beeu invented for tbe mainte nance uf high speed ujkju railways of narrow gauge. It lias beeu put 111 operation with the ful lest snore**. Tbe peculiarities of the engine con sist chiefly in tins disposition of tiie wheels, which permits them to support tho wear nud weight of locomotive njiparatu* of far greater jiowerthan any previously treed, while at tbesame time tho weight of it ?o ilirtriliuted tiiat tho centre of gravity is placed much lower than usual. To.theso advan tage* me added lire cyrrespotiding power of using driving wheels of miy diameter, together with tho great advantage of bringing the largest portion of tire outlie weight of theougiucs to bear upon the tivine wheel*. jTliu engine bas run thirty miles ve mpiii ties of the Fiincipal and Amhu Keeper* be increased, ; j tl)ir , v . t | ir( . e mfmte*, including the time‘lost “in ^ ,ur ,he emniovnieju o' ,pet.l”aud In s’lowly coming to rest. Many of lli'-eo miles wore gnue over at the rate of oixty-livo miles per hour. A mail train of sixteen carriages, weighing together about eighty tons, wa* takeu from Camden Town to Tring, up hill nearly the whole way, a distance of thirty miles, in lorty minutes, including the stoppages, ur at au average ajieed of forty-five mile* per hour, which i* equal to about fifty-three inilo* per hour average speed oua level.—A’. T. J’ost. Sandwich Island* and I’ttau.—Thomas E. ®I- dridge, E?q , bas beeu uppoiutedCliarged'Affaires for the iSandwich Island* to the .Government of l’t-r.i. These Island*, recently redeemed from barbarism chiefly through the ageucy of Mission aries from thiscmintry, iiave been acknowledged au independent nation by the Uuited Slates, Eng-- bind, France, Belgium nnd Denmark. We aro uow happy to ndil Fern to the number, and hope this laudable example will bu followed by other Governments of South America nud of th > world. -V. Y. Jimm. of Com. How they Live.—Dickens, who receives such inimru.il sum* from hi* publisher, barely keeps - n - — ? — liiuiself out of prisou. E igeuo title spends thous- Ufedutc predecessor,andcoattfyued bytli- Lcgc-int re i and* every year in paintings and statuary, aud o>1813. The period tortile resumption of pay uicuui is j object ile tsrtu. Thiers wastes his great income a subject for your consideration. Tms debt once constituted a part of the capital of the Central Bauk. It wus withdrawn by the Legislature to be paid by instalments into the Treasury, it is there. lore proper in the settlctneut ol the accounts' ol the Cashier of the Central Bank, that he should be credited with an amount equal to <t. A map of fire Stare of large aize, has lately been made bp-Mr. William G. Bonner: Il comprises more topo graphical accuracy titan those that have preceded it, nnu was intended to he a correct delineation of the sur face ol the State. To this end all attainable iniortnation was collected and placed at the disposal of the artist. His success has been generally admitted. One hundred and rainy copies of the tasp were sub scribed and paid tor. To each of tho States of tbc Union a copy haa been sent—being in some measure a requital from hi* w -. -*, in riving mtgnifi cat parties iu bis splendid hotel iu lire Flare Bt George—xtirl Vi. . ;r linen, who wo* made l’eer two years since by the citizen King, ldvixbes the fruits of Notre 'D-tme and other great masterpiece* on ohl gothic furniture, and other old rnbhiffi. for his mamma in the Place de Royaie.—Exchange paper. — A Bi:Atmvut I’lCTt R.:.—A iDthertoichincirat chibl to pray, is an obiect ut once the most subiiifi* and lender the iui.i:riiration can coi?;. ive. I-.. *\u- tedu'.iovo earthly things she seems like 01.- of those gmtrdiau angel*, the camiia.ifra of oar earthly j,ii- grimnge, through wlnw mitii.tnvlion wo ?.:« H dined to do good and tar

Georgia Historic Newspapers

Georgia telegraph. (Macon, Ga.) 1844-1858, November 09, 1847, Image 1