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“ CUABAOTBK. IS AS NECESSARY TO A STATE AS TO A PRIVATE INDIVIDUAL, AND THE GLORY OF A STATE IS TIIE COMMON PROPERTY OF ALL ITS CITIZENS.
BY SAM’L J. ItAY.
T'HK
GEORGIA TELEGRAPH
13 PUBLISHED
EVERY TUESDAY MORNING,
BY SAMUEL J. RAY.
MACON, GA., TUESDAY MORNING, APRIL 11, 1848.
VOL XXU—NO. 34.
Tnuns.
For the pAp er > n advance, per annum, $2 50.
If not paid ih ndvnnco *3 03.
If not paid until tlio end of the year 63 50.
No paper discontinued, except at the option of the
fjblisner, until all arrearage* arc paid.
Advertisements nt tb,e regular charge, will bo $1
a square of fen fines or less, for the first insertion, and
SO cents for oach subsequent continuance.
Advertisers by the year will bo contracted with on
liberal tenns, it being expressly understood that con-
tracts for yearly advertising, relate only to tl^e immedi
ate, legitimate business of tho individual or parties,
yontracting.
Advertisements not specified ns to time, will ha pub
lished until forbid and charged accordingly.
Mirruoes and Obituary Notices exceeding TElf
LINES, will be charged as advertisements.
£7* N. B. Sales of Lands, by Administrators, Ex-
ocutora, or Guardians, are required by law, to be held
on the first Tuesday in the month, between the hours
ot 10 in tho forenoon, and ^ in the afternoon, at the
Court-House, in tho County in which the Land is situ
ated. Notices of theso sales must be given in a public
gazette sixtt DATS previous to the day of sale.
Saleaof Negroes must be made at a public auction
eu tho first Tuesday of the month, between the nsnal
hours of sale, at the place of public tales in the County
where the Letters Testamentary, of Administration
•r Guardianship, may have been granted, first giving
sixty days notice thereof, in one of the public gazettes
of this State, and at tho door of the Court House, where
such sales are to be held.
Notice for the tale of Personal Property must he giv
en in like manner fo.rty days previous to the day of
sale.
Notice to the Debtors and Gradient of an estate mast
be published forty day*.’
Notice that application will be mado to the Court of
Ordinary for leave to sell Laud, must be published for
I’OUR MONTHS.
Nutico for leave toaoll Negroes must be published
far four months, before any order absolute shall be
made thereon by tho Court.
Citations for Letters of Administration, mnst he
pnblishod THIRTY hays—for dismission from adminis
tration. monthly six months—for dismission from
Guardianship, fort^ DATs.
Rules fqr the foreclosure of Mortgage mnst be pub
lished monthly for fo.or months—for establishing
lost papers, fist tho full space of TiinEE months—lor
compelling titles frqiq Executors or Administrators,
where a Bond hM been’giveq by the deceased, tho
JCLL Sf ACE of THREE MONTH!.
Publications will always ho continued according to
these legal requirements, unless otherwise ordered.
••All letters directed to this Office or the Editor on
business. mnst be post psin. to insure attention.
Kahcrt A. Allen,
Factor and Commission Merchant,
No. Ili, liny Street, Mnvnniinh, On.
v Will attend strictly to the storage and sale
|xf Cotton, Cam, Flour, and other Produce, and
•will make liberal cash advances on goods con
figned to his House.
References—Mr. James A.Nisbct, J
E. B. Weed,
J. H. R. Wasliington, f ** aco *-
Graves, Wood A Co. J
Dye X Robertson, Augnsta.
Branou X Young, Marietta.
Dr. George F. Tierce, Sparta.
Jaly 27 ~ 44-ly
JBJBJLDEIV Jk CO’S
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL HAT AND CAP
EMPORIUM.
The undersigned having purchased from
aSw F- K. Wright his entire interest, in
HAT .$• CAT ESTABLISHMENT
on Mulberry street, hcg'Icavc to announce to the pub
lic that they are now receiving, direct from their own
MaNDFapTort, a large and w'cll selected stock of
HATS A\D CAPS.
Consisting in part of men’s and boy’s
Fashionable Black and Drab 3caver Hats
do do do Nutria ilo
do do do Silk do
do do do Brash do
do do do Cassimcr do
do do do plain Russia do
do do do Augola do
Broad Brim Black and Drab Beaver do
do do do En^sh ' do
do do do plain Rnssiado
do do do Cassimer do
Men’s Pearl Sporting Hats
do Ashland do
do Tampico do
do Knickerbocker do
do Black Glazed , do
Alaijre assortment of Men’, and Boy’s Black and
Draii WOOL HA TS, dr every desenption.
Men's and Boy’s prem. Otter Caps a splendid article
do &r.o Fur Caps, new style
dp fine Nntria do
do Muskrat do -
do fine Cloth dp every variety of pat’s,
do Navy do with covers
do oil silk do
do Glazed do
Infant’s Fancy do
Together with evoiy other description of Hats and
Cars now extant.
Poaseaaing facilitiea for obtaining their supplies, c-
quailed by no other establishment in thia section of
Georgia, and anrpasaed by none in the State, and de
voting their exclusive attention to the liat business
tho sabscriliers are prepared to sell every article in
their line at the lowest trices, and to warrant giving
satisfaction to their customers. Purchasers are re
spectfully invited to call and examine their stock and
Pn®®*- , BELDEN * GQ.
Store in Mulberry st. sign of the Mammoth Hat.
ang 31 <9
do
do
do
do
do
dp
do
.. Bull Bond House.
{iOpposite Central Rail Road Depot, East
I, Jr; , | Macon, by S. M. LANIER, late of the Floyd
- - 3 "L House- Macon, Ga.
feb 1 24—ly
Peter J. Williams
| HAS taken the WASHINTON HALL, and
requests a continuance of public patronaoe.
L Macon, Dec. 8. 1840. 11—tf
Pianp, Fortes.
The _ subscriber respectfully informs
ithe citizens of Georgia; that he has the
(Agency for the sale of PIANOS from a
(From Blacktcooi's Edinburgh Magazine.)
The Bunina Empire.*
Russia is the most extraordinary country on the
globe, ill tDe four most important particulars of
empire-^-it* history, its extent, its population, and
its power.
It has for Europe another interest,—the interest
of alarm, |be evidence of an am».:iou which has
existed for a hundred aud fifty years, cud has nev
er paused; au iucrease of territory which has nev
er suffered the slightest casualty of fortune; the
most complete security against the retaliation of
manufafetofy u. New Yc.rk—the article offered, is 0 f European war; and a government at oncedespotic
the best workmanship and materials, and the latest ““d popular; exhibiting the most bouudlessau-
atyle very superior at low prices. Persons wishing to thority in the sovereign, nud the most boundless
purchase, can see one of these instruments at the sab- | submission in the people; a mixture of habitual
obedience, aud divine homage: the reverence to a
monarch, with almost the prostratiou to a diviuity.
Its histoiy has another superb anomaly: Russia
gives the most memorable instance in humau an
nals, ol the powers which lie within the mind of
iudividual man. Peter the Great was the restorer,
or the reformer of Russia; he was its moral creator.
scriber’s residence.
febl JAMES VAN VALKEXBURGH-
WOOD Jk BRADLEY,
MANUFACTURERS AND DEALERS IN
CABINET FURNITURE gt
C h aYr s . F5p
Spring Style of Straw Goods.
- BELDEN i CQ. have now on hand direct
§Jj[ from New York, 8 dozen extra fine Panama
Hats, fancy Dimmed ; 2 do Iufant’s donnep Top
Pedlar Half, do dp.; 1 dp do Rice Pcari do.
1 dax Infant’s Pearl'Jockey Capa
1 do do Coburg Straw do do
1 do do Triangle do do
1 do do Victoria do do
I do do Pearl Feather Trimmed Hats
4 do Boy’s Leghorn Hat!
4 do keen’s Drab Reaver Hats, a »uperjqr article
Also an extenaive assortment of Straw H'ats, which
will be eold low for cash, at tho old stand of G. A. Kim
berly, on Mulbernr street,
fen 29 28
medical Coi»sirti«cr.«iliip.
Drs. McGQLDRICK X (iUINTARD,having
' funned a copartnership for tlie Practice of Medi-
, cine and Surgery, respectfully offer their services
(o persons wishing either Medical or Surgical atten
tion in cither branch of their profeaaion. They qrc
provided with qll manner of instramenta and are pre
pared to perform all operations in Surgery and pledge
themselves tq show the most unremitting attention to
theirpatients. R. McGOLDRICK,
C. T. ttUlNTARD.
Macon, January 1, 1849.
jon 4 Sfl-tf
ITIctlicnl Notice
Dr. E. S ALDRICH, having formerly prac,
'tised his profession in Macon and its vicinity,
, for a short pcripil, again tender! his services to
(he Citizens in'Medicme, Surgcjry gpd pbstetrics. He
lolicits a slifrc cf the public patronage, and trusts bis
ppst experience in n large private practice, and also
as acting Surgeon in t!)p regular army, will entitle
|g» to confidence. end cqable him togive satisfaction.
N. B. Residence and office in the penfral Railroad
Bank, opposite the Floyd House. ’
feb 9 85—tf
Da. W. B. Rivers.] [Dr. II. J. Rotall.
\ It IVII KM A ICO YAI.L,
Surgeon Dentists—Savannah, Ga.
^ JTTTT Office Ndrfli Eo^t corner of St. Julian
ftree' and Market Square.
»Jpt 7 80—ly
B. I,. BURYETT,
/Ssrrirfsg Partner nfthcflrmnfC.K. \YenlwOf1h Ar eo
Will continue the business of the firm in his
own name. Tliqnkfgl for tjie liberal patronage
ihereftjfqre extended to him, he hopes that his
mg will still continue their favors. He may be
and at the old stand, next door to Deloach X Wil
Carriage Repository*
B. L. BURNETT.
-19 10—tf
\V. T. Ik A. II. Colquitt,
ATTORNIES AT LA IV—M^CqN, GA.
W ILL practice in Bibb and all the adjacent coun-
lici. AU business entrusted to their care will
meet with prompt uttentiqn.
^tT’Olfico over the Store of !jlc?»rs. C. Campbell
feb - 28 27—tf
Itobcrt S. I. tinier,
4 TTORNEY AT LAW—Macon, Ga.—Will eon-
If. tinuethe practice in the counties of Bibb,Monroe,
yiae. Crawford, Hooaton, .Jones and Twixga.
All basiuess intrusted to his ctro will mcof with
prompt attention.
Refers to Messrs. Scott, Carhart X co.; Maj. James
beta, Samncl J. Ray, George M. Logan and John J.
Bennett, Ksqrs.
Maeen, Janaary, 1848,feb 1 24—tf
Bam’l R. Blare.I IThomas P. Smith.
BLAKE A SRI1TII,
ATTORNIES A T LA IF.—MAPQN, GA.
V4T1LL attend to all professional bnsiness entrust-
Jf ed to their cure, in Bibb and tho surrounding
poouties.
Macon, Sept. 13, 1847.ly
Cnvlcr W. Vonii(i,
A TTORNEY AT LAW—Office next to the Tel
egraph newspaper. Cherry-street. He having
removed to Macon, will promptly attend to all law
business entrusted to him, in Bibb aud the suironnd
tag counties. feb 29 28—tf
Charles J. Williams.
A TTORNEY AT LAW.—Columbus Georgia.
II Practices in the several counties of the Chat
tahoochee Circuit. AU business entrusted tp his care,
ffjjl be strictly and promptly attended to.
nov 9 7
Thomas c. Hackctt.
ATTORNEY A TLA IF—Rome, FlotdCo., Ga.
P RACTICES in all the counties of the Cherokee
Circnits, in the Supreme Courts at Sit con. fleeg-
tsr. Milledgeville and Cassvillc, and in tho United
put os Circuit Courts at Millcdgcvillo and Savannah.
^11 business entrusted to his care wil, meet with
jironjpt attention.
dec I?
17—ly
A Card.
WILLIAM H. MAYNOR, General Land Agent
t f for New Alabama. Office at Salem, Russell
•oooty, Alabama;
dec 81 18—tf
c -'.ass iiuu in Livy, wn. an.taits* ■
—'4 Kirtland, will continue the business at hia old
atand, under the firm and style of MIX * KIRT
LAND. They will at all times keep on hand, a full
supply of the best and most fashionable stock of goods
in their lino. Tho former patrons of the late firm of
Whiling X Mix, together with purchasers and the
public generally, are respectfully invited to call and
examine their stock. Our SHOES and BOOTS ve
fresh, of the beat materiali and Workmanship, and we
pledge ourselves that nothing shall be wanting on
our part, to please all those who may favor us with
their patronage. MIX X KIRTLAND.
Macon, 31st May, 1847.
N. B.—Mr. E. Kirtland ia daly authorised to re
ceive and receipt far tdl monies die the late firm of
Ayhitihg X Mix, during tqy absentc from the State.
Jtinp 1 36 " ALBERT MIX.
W OULD most respectfully inform the citizens'of 1 , He found it, not as Augustus louud Rome, nccorrl
Maroo, and public generally, that having avail- I ***0 *° the famoui auago, ‘ones, and left it marble:
ed themselves of the services of some of the very best he fouud it a liviug swamp, aial left itcovered with
Workmen, and haying a supply of the best materials, tiie fertility of laws, energy, aud knowledge: he
are prepared to make to order any article in their line, found it Asiatic, and left it European: he removed
S in addition toourpresent stock, sach as Dining, Tea, it as far from Scythia, as ifhebad placed the diame-
Quartette and Sofa Tables; t er of the globe betweeu; he fouud it not brick,
usstassf&stasac’^ss: “—■ -n- •«-«.»»
0«; De.k. and Book Cases; L«lie.’ WoA Boxes *»» munificence of empire,
and Portable Desks ; Piano Stools ; Looking Glasses Russia first appeals in European history in tho
and Gia>a Plates of all sizes; Gilt, Mahogany and | middle of tho ninth century. Its chinate audits
'Nal-jut Frames of all sixes for Pictures and Portraits; soil had till iheu retained it in primitive barbarism.
Cane seat Settees and Counter Stools; Mahogany and’ The sullenuess of its winter had prevented invasion
Walnnt Chairs, Plush and Hair Cloth Seats; a great by civilized uatious, and the nature of its soil, one
variety of curled Maple and Walnut Cane seats and immeuse plain, had given lull scope to the roviug
other kinds .Rocking Chairs of patters too_ numerous habits of its half famished tribes. The great iu.
to mention; Mahogany, Walnnt, curled and plain Ma- vasious which broke down the Human empire, had
Feathers, Feather Beds ; Mattrasses of carted Hair ieft nothin* Lit remnants of claus behind. Rus-
Cotton and'Moss. sla nad no Sea, by which she might send her buld
We have many articles not heretofore introduced savages tu plunder or tu trade with Southern and
in this market. Western Europe. Aud, while the niuu of Scaudi-
To Manufacturers—Forsale, Furniture Varnish, uavia was subduing kiugdums, or carrying back
Mahogany and AValnut Plaiik, Mahogany Venicrs and spoil to his northern crags and lakes, the Hussiau
B xr o OS S" , ..... . I remained, like the bears uf his firest, iu his cavern
^' U jrn. r8 . repaired neatly and with dispatch, during the long winter of his cuunfrv; aud eveu
Cfoth°oK;we re seated or covered with Hair wheu ° tllu su „j5ier came, was still but a" melaucholy
Macon,' Nov’ 1, 1647. savage, liviug like the bear upuu the roots and
E7“The Journal 3c Messenger. Albany Courier, At- rn,iu ol hia “U|euial soil,
lanta Luminary, Marietta Helicon, and Mountain Ea- It was to oue of those Normani, who, instead of
_t :n _t •—— steering his bark towards the opulence of' the
south, turned his dreary ad veil U re to the north,
that Russia owed her first connexion with iutelli-
I geut mankind. The people ut' Novgorod, a people
I oftraders, limiiug'theuiseivesovtr-powered by tbeir
glc, will please copy,
nov 3
6—tf
Griswold’s Cotton Gins.
T HE subscriber is better prepared than ever be
fore for manufacturing a superior article of Gins,
having procured better materials, better workmen,
better machinery for doing work, ind added all new
improvements suggested by past experience. _
The previous celebrity of these Gins since his intro
duction ol the patent water boxes, lias increased their
sale to over one thousand ip a single season. No ex
ertion wiQ bp remitted, necessary to render them
worthy of a still higher reputation.
Engagements emu be made'on accommodating termf
cither with his agents, who will call onplanters gene
rally, or hy letter directed to him. at Clinton. Jones
county, Goorgia. SAMUEL GRISWOLD,
march 14 30—tf
Groceries', vV<:. Ike.
S T. PROIX, Porto Rico and N Grlenns Sugar
Crashed, pulverized and loaf do
Molasses, Syrup, Whiskey, Gin, Rum. Brandy
Rip and java Coffee, Tea, Pepper, Spice, Ginger
Candles, Soap. Indigo, Madder, Copperas
Spanish Brown, Tobacco
A great variety of Naila, Hoes, Trace Chains, Axes
Coffee Mills. Ac. Ac. in store and for sale cheap for
cash—at the store recently occupied by J W Howard.
" J. S. RICHARDSON, Cotton Avpnae:
feb 28 ' 28—
Bacon. Lnrd, Flour and Meal,
LBS. choice Georgia cured Bacon
UUUU 1000 lbs Leaf Lard
Flour and Meal, in store for sale
J. S. RICHARDSON, Cotton Avenue,
feb 29 28—
Notice to Merchants
T HE subscribers take this method of informing the
Merchants of Middle and Sonthera Georgia and
Alabama, that they are making at the Flint River
Factory, in Upson county, a very superior article of
SHIRTING, seven-eighth* wide. They offer this »p:
tide to tho friends of Southern enterprise and indus
try. as cheap or cheaper than it can be obtained from
the Norfh; whj[e it if ip every respect much superior,
it ia remarkable for the strength and reundness of the
thread and for the evenness of the doth. Specimens
mav be seen at ROSS A BROTHERS’ in Macon;
RICHARDS A JEFFERSON’S, Columbia; and «
HERRINGTON’S, in Griffin.
Merch rats and others wishing an artiole of the kind
and who are disposed to patronize Georgia labor and
capital would do well to call and examine the Goods.
It can be bad low, and if necessary, on time.
FLINT RIVER MANUFACTORING COMPANY,
feb 22 27—eow6t
New Millinery nud Fancy Goods.
_ MRS. CAREY begs leave to call the atten
tion ofthu Ladies to her new stock of Millinery . . p
and Fancy Goods, just received, and ip dpingsp. barbarian neighbours, solicited ihe aid of Kilric,
would assure them that her present stock is superior Baltic chieflaiu. ami, of course, a pirate aud a rub-
°°J..iI n st ^* e an< * q^l'ty’ any heretofore kept. ber. The name of the Norman hud earned old re-
Silk, velvet, satin and plush hats of the latest style, | uuwn j u the norih. Ruric came, rescued tiie city.
French flowers aud bndal wreaths, very bend- hut paid himself by the seizure of the surrounding
“” c ; territory, aud founded a kingdom, which he trans
braid!, misses cud cliildred'* ’straw and Tusc« flats, unttedtolnsdesoeudantsaud uhich lasted until
Pamela, and Coburg braid Ac'., a beautiful asaortment **»“ middle of the sixteenth cenfory.
of ailkSs plain and satin atripea t plaid and plain satins^ * u ttuuatjcjueiit reigu \^’e too pfiect of the
gimps, and fringes Ac., an elegant selections of ribbon northern pupilage; and an expeiiitiou, iu the style
velvety for neck ribbot-s, spool twist, steel heeds and of the Baltic exploits, was seut to pluuder Con-
clasps,"'thread lace, embroidered capes, lace and nius- stautiuople. This expedition comisted of two thou-
hn caps, elegant French worked capes, collars and | sand cauoes, with eighty tboussud men oil board
chemiaets.
Macon, Oct 19,1847.
4—tf
The axpeditiou was detested, for the Greeks had
uot yet sunk iutu the degeneracy of the later limes.
They fought stoutly for their mpitul, and roasted
J the pirates iu their owu canoes by showers of the
I famous • Greek fire."
Those iuvasious, however, ware tempting to the
Just Bcccivctl.
in addition to former stock, a foil supply of
Drugs, Medicines,Chemicals, Due Stu.fr*, feints
Oil, Varnishes, 'Lamp Oil, Glass Ware. <yc.
fi^etber with many articles usually kept in Drag I idleness aud poverty, or to tiie avarice* auU ainlii-
Store*. Our stock ia large and well selected, and will tiou of tho u u ^ ll>; au J Coustautiuople continued
be sold as low &a at any q ~ p to be the great object of cupidity aud assault, for
N. B A large lot of Letter and Cap Paper, of an ex ‘hree huudred year*. But the city of Constantine
collect quality, will be sold at onnsuilly low price* to wa » tulo » tnighuer pouqueror.
close the lot. Also, a gopd article of Shaving Creams, btill. tfie iiorOieru burbar.au had now learned
per dozen or retail,
march 7
W. G. A S. L.
the read to Greece, aud the intercom so wus mu-
, tually beneficial. Greece found daring allies iu
her hold plunderers, nud iu :he eleventh century
I she gave the Graud-duke Vladimir p wi(V, in the
person of Anna, sister of the emperor Basil II.; a
g ift made more important by its being accompanied
y bis couversiou to Christianity^
1627, embracing the comities of Lee, Muscogee Troup I A settled suucessiuu is the gicat secret of royal
Cowets snd Carroll.” “shsll lake pet their grants on j peace: but among tbnse bold riders of the desert,
beforethefirat day of October. 18f4, or the same tiotUiug was ever settled, save by the sword; aud
shall be forfeited and considered ss reverted to the , b ac| ofj ,„ lUe ou tl J e d ecense of tbeir
yean shall have expired after Ihe drawing of *uch test u “ 3 J®Wl«d ua their gra\ea, aud the last aurxi-
orphan Qr orphans, nor tp illegitimate person or per- vor quietly aaceuueil the throne,
sous, lunatic, deal and dumb, or'blind peraons.’* No- But war ou a mightier settle than the Russian
tie'e is therefore given, that on the 9th day of June Steppes had ever wituessed, was now rblliug over
next, tweuty one years will have expired for the grant Ceutral Asia. The cavalry of Geughiz Khnti,
ing of lands drawn by the dasaes of persons enumcra- which came, not iu aiiuadruui, but iu uatious, aud
ted in the Bbove recited set. and that from and charged, not liko troops, but like thundercloud:,
the 10th day ofJnne next, any person * citizen of thi* . ° to pour down upon the valley of the Wolga.
cssatafird:s
rtatc, a want in his. her or tbeir name to any nngrant- triumph* of the great Tailor cfiiet turn, a migli-
ed lot of land in the counties aforesaid: from sod after Uer conqueror stopped him on his way, mid the
the 15th day of Jane next, by paying into the Treasu- Tartar died.
•, thesnm of fifteen hundred dollars; from and after | His sou Toushi, intho beginning ofthe thirteenth
Executive Department,
Milledgeville 16tli March,
B Y virtue of an act of the General Assemblyofthis
State, assented to 21st December, 1843, declar-
e first day July next, by paying into the Tressnry, century, burst over tho froutier at the head ofhalf
!C thousand dollars; from and after the 15th day of a million of horsemen. The Russian princes,
ijyi^'^^by^paying^into the Tre**nry, t 1 le iom of j hastily making qp lljei£ (jnarrols, udvanced to meet
one
July
SStKSJ I iavmfer but'iheirarAiy «,, iuatonUy tramplml
one hundred dnliara; lrom and after thclst day of Sep down, and, before the middle ol the ceutury. all
tember thereafter, by paying into the Treasury, the U»o provinces, and all tbe cities of Russia, were
sum of twenty five dollars; from and after the 1st day prey of the uieu of tho wilderness. Novgoreu
of October thereafter by payiug into the Treasury the aloue escaped.
Mm of ten dollar,; and finm 8nd »fter the Ut day of | The bUtory of this great city would be highly
October thereafter by paving into the Treason-, the
sum of Ten dollars; and from and after the 1st day of
November thereafter, by paying into tho Treasmy.the
earn of fire dollars.
' GEORGE W. TOWNS. Governor.
By tho Governor,
Chas. H. Rice, See. Ex. Dcp't.
march 28 32—lot
Invnlunblc Family Companion
S IX Lectures on Causes, Prevention and Cure of
Consumption, Asthma. Diseases of the Heart,
and aU Female Disease*. 234 pages, 28 Engravings.
Paper 50 cents; Bound 75 cents. Mail to any part
Shoulder Braces snd Chest Expanders, 82. Mail
to sny part. 30 cents postage. Inhaling f u[>e!. Sil
ver. 83, by Mail, letter postage. Abdominal bnp-
portera, perfect, 88 to 810, for all ROptorcs. Falling
of the Bowel, and Womb, and Weak Back and Chest;
sent by Exprei! pveiywhere. E(* 8races or Sup-
lortcrs, or Raptors Supporters, give height trogi
lead to foot, and circumference of person next tho
surface, just above the hips- If Rupture, mention
vrhich side. A8 ent * wanted for the sale of the above
goods. Addreis Dr. S. S. FITCH, ‘07 Broadway
New York, post-paid.
march 28 3g —
_ Tailoring Estal»lisliiiient.
DETER JAUJSTKTTER have just received
#■' tud now offer for sale nt the lowest cash prices, n
and splendid stock of Goods in tliclr line, consist-
of fine English and French Cloths, Cassimcres,
* JJtinga, Ac. suitable for Gentlemen*® wear—all of
*'nch tliev arc prepared to make to order in the most
isshioasblc style, and at the shortest notice.
•ept 28 1—ly
? Sliotwrll A Gilbert,
V recent arrivals from New York, have received
full and complete assortment of Drugs, Medicines
VfcrrnicaU, Paints, Oil*, Dye .Stuffs. Ac. Ac- aii of
jjjhich arc now offered to the public very low, for cash.
T’ ic y also keep an extensive assortment of Patent
Nadirmci, among which ar«? Dr. Boon’s justly celehra-
leu Ague and Fr,vcr Pills, which rarely i/ ever fail to
effect a cure. Also liis Compound Cathartic Pills, dll
^valuable family Medicine.
_ August31. 1847.
< lollis autl Ca^iineres.
*I*I1E uqdcrsiamed have just rereited and opened fi
rr large and desirable lot of plain ami fancy r.n-
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T HE holders of certificates lor lots or fractional lots
of land, sitnsted in the 12tb snd I3th Districts of
Ware county, sold in compliance with an act of the
General Assembly of this state, passed on the 23d day
of December 1813, upon which the pnrch|ue jqqney
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Apyroved, December 30th. 1847.
GEORGE W. TOWNS. Governor.
By tbe Governor,
Cuss. H. Rice, Sec. Ex. Dep’t
march 2? 32—l it
Hcatl-Quartcrs, On.
Milleogeville, Feb. 23d. 1818.
T O the Colonels, or Commandants of Regiments,
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Whereas, a vacancy has occurred in the IstBrigadc
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scribed by law.
By order of tbe Commander-in-chief,
FRED. H. SANFORD, Aid-de Camp.
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September SI, 1847.
interesting, if it were possible uow to recover its
details. It was tbe chief depot of the northern
Asiatic commerce with Europe; it had a govern,
meut, laws, aud privileges of it* own, with which
it suffered noteven the Kbuu of the Tartars tdiri-
terfere. It* population aqiognted to four hundred
ihousand—theu nearly equal to tho population of
a kingdom. Iu the thirteenth ceutury it connect
ed itself still more effectively with European com
merce, hy becoming a member of the Hanseatic
League; and tiie wonder gufl pride of the Russiaus
were expressed iu the welf-kuowu. fialf-profaue
proverb, ” Who can resist God, nud the great Nov
gorod)"
There is always something almost approaching
to picturesque grandeur in the triumphs of bar
barism. The Turk, uutil he was fool enough to
throw away tfie turban, was the most showy per
sonage iu the world. Tho Aruh», under Mahomet,
were the most stately of warriors, aud tbe Spauisb
Moors threw all the pomp, null eveu all the ro
mance, of Europe into the shade. Eveu the chiefs
of the -‘Goldeu Horde" seemed to fiave bad as
picturesque n conception of supremacy ns the
Saracen. Their oiily city was a vast camp, in the
plains between tho Cuspiau and the tVolgn; and
while they left the provinces in the hands of the
native princes, and enjoyed themselves iu tho man
lier spurts of huuting through the plains and moun
tains. they commanded that every vassal prince
should attend ut the inij>erial tent to receive per
mission to reign, or perhaps to live; nud that, even
when thev 6eut Ifiejr Tartar- collectors to receive
the tribute, the Russian princes should, lead the
Tartar’s horse by the bridle, and give him a feed
of oats out of their cap of state !
But another of those sweeping devastators, one
of those gigantic executioners, who seem to have
been seut From time to time to puuisb the horrible
profligacies of Asia, nmy roso iijmn the north.—
Timour Khan.tbe Tamerlane of European story,
the Inviucible, the Lord of the Tartar World,
rushed with his couutlesa troop* upon the sovereign
ties of Western Asia. This universal conqueror
crushed the Tartar dyunsty o r Russia, aud theu
burst away, like an tuuudation, tp overwhelm
other lands. But the native Russiaus ngaiu made
head against their Tartar masters, nud a ceutury
and a half of sanguiiiury warfare followed, with
various fortunes, mid without any other result tfjsn
blood. .
Without tonching on topicspxclosively religions,
it becomes & matter of high interest to mark the
vengeances, furies, and massacres, of beatheuisui,
iu every age of tho world. Yet while vve believe,
and have such resistless reason to belipvp, iu the
Providential government, what grounds can be dis
covered for this sufferance of perpetual horrors!
For this we have oue solution, and hut one: stern
as the inflictions are, may they not be in mercy?
mav not the struggles of barbarian life be permit
ted, simply to retard the bendluug course of bar
barian corruption? may there uot ^be excesses of
wickedness, extremes of national vice, an accumu
lation of offences against the laws of moral nature
(which are tjie original laws of Heaven.) actually
incompatible wit.i the Divine mercy? Nothing
can be clearer to the understanding, than that there
are limits which the Divine Being has prescribed
to Ifs endurance of the guilt or mail, nud prescrib
ed doubtless for th6 highest object* of general
mercv; as ibero nre offences which, by human
laws,"are incompatible with tho existence of so
ciety.
The crimes of the world before the flood were
evidently of un intense iuiquity, which precluded
the possibility of purification; aud thus it became
njccssary to extinguish a race, whose continued
existence could only have corrupted every future
generation of mankind.
War, savnge feuds, famines, and pestilences, mny
have been only Divine expedients to save the world
from another accumulation of intolerable iniquity,
by depriving nations of the power of utter self-
destruction,oy thinoiug their numbers, by com
pelling them to feel the misteries hf mutual aggres
sion, and even by reducing them to that degree of
poverty which supplied the most effective autidote
to their total corruption.
Still, those snfl'erings were punishment, but
puuishments fully earned by their fierce passions,
savage propensities, remorseless cruelties, aud
general disobedience of that natural law of virtue,
which,' earlier eveu than Judaism or Christianity,
the Eternal bad implanted in the heart of his crea
tures.
In tho fifteenth century Russia began to assume
a form. Ivan III. broke off the vassalage of Rus
sia to the “Golden Horde.” He fiacf married
Sophia, the niece of the Greek emperor,' to which
we may attribute his civilization; and he received
the embassies of Germauy, Venice, and Rome, ut
Moscow. His son. IvanIV. took Novozorod, which
he ruiued. and continued to fight the Foies aud
Tartars until he died. His son Ivan, in the mid
dle of the sixteenth century; was crowned hy the
title of Czar, formed the first standing army of Rus
sia, named the Strelitzes, aud established a code
of laws. In t598, by the death of the Czar Feodor
without children, the male line of Ruric. which
bad held the throne for seven hundred and thirty-
six years, and under fifty-six sovereigns, became
extinct.
Auotherdynasty of remarkable distinction ascend
ed the throne iu the beginning of the seventeenth
century. Michael Romanoff, descended from the
line of Ruric by the female side, was declared
Czar. His sou Alexis was tbe father of 1’eter the
Great, who, with his brother Ivan, was placed on
the throne at the decease of their father, hut both
under the guardianship of the Priucess Sophia.
Bat the Priucess, who was the daughter of Alexis,
exhibiting an iuteution to seize the crown for tier,
self, a revolution took place in 1689, in which ihe
Priucess was seut to a convent, Ivau, who was
imbecile iu niiud aud body, surrendered the
throne, aud Peter became sole sovereign of Russia.
The accession of Peter began the lust andgreat.
est period of Russiuu history. Though a man of
fierce passions am} barbarian habits, he bad form
ed a brgh conception hf the value of European arts,
chiefly ihro igb an intelligent Genevese, Lefort;
who had beeu his tutor.
The first object of the yonng emperor was to
form an qrmy; ’bis uext was' to' construct a fleet.
But bolli operations were too slow fur bis rapidity
of conception; anti, iu 1697, he travelled to Hullaud
aud England fur the purpose of learning the art uf
ship-buildiug. He v^as forced to return to Russia
ufier ap absence of two years, by the revolt of the
Strelitzes iu fuvour of the Priucess Sophia- The
Strelitzes were diabauiied aud slaughtered, aud
Peter felt himself a monarch fur tbe flrot time.
The ccssiou of Azof by the Turks, at the peace
of Caijowit? iu |69Q, gave hill! a port on the Black
Sea. But the Baltic acted ou him like a spell; and,
to obtain an influence on its shores, ho hazarded
tbe riliu of l|is throne.
Swedeu, governed by Charles XII., was then tbe
fi rat military power of the north. Tho faiue of
Gustavus Adolphus iu the German wars, had given
tiie Swedes the example and tbe reuuwii ui their
great kiug; aud Charles, bold, reckless, and half
luqatic, despising the feebleuess of Russia, had
tu rued his arms agaiust Denmark and Poiaud. But
the junction of Russia with the “Northern League"
only gave him a new triumph. He fell upuu the
Russian army, aud broke it up on the memorable
field of Narva, iu 1700.
Peter still proceeded wit|i hjis original vigour.
St. Petersburg was founded in 1703. The whr
wus prosecuted fur six years, uutil the Russiau
tguops obtained a degree of discipline which ou-
uhled them to meet liie Swedes ou equal terms.
Iu 1708, Charles was defeated iu tbe memorable
battle ui Pultowa. His army was utterly rained,
aud himself forced to take refuge in Turkey. Peter
was iiow ut the head of northern power." Frederic
Augustus was placed on' the throne of Poland by
the urnis of Russia, aud from this period Poland
was under Russiau influence.
His son, Alexander, ascended the throne amid
universal acclamation. His firs: set was peace with
England. In 1805. his troops joined the Austrian
army, and liore their share iu the sufferings of the
campaign of Austerlitz. The French invasion of
Poland, in two years after, the desperate drawn
batjtle of Elylnn, anil the disaster of Fried land, led
to the peace of Tilsit. Alexander then joiued the
Continental system of Napoleon; but this system
was soon found to be so ru uuus to Russian com
merce, as to be intolerable. Napoleon, already
marked for downfall, was rejoiced to take advan
tage of the Russian reluctance, and instantly
marched across the Polish frontier, at the head of
a French and allied army amounting to the as
tonishing number of five hundred thousand men.
Infatuation was now visible in every steo of his
career. Instead of.organiziiig Poland intoa king-
dam, which would have been a place of retreat tu
casoof disaster; aud, whether in disaster or victory,
would have been a vast national fortification agaiust
the advance of Russia, he left it behiud him; aud,
instead of waitiug for the return of spring, com
menced his campaigu on tho verge of winter, iu
itself,and madly ran ail the hazards of iuvndiug a
boundless empire of which he' knew nothing, of
which the people were brave, united,and attached
Co their sovereign; aud of which, if the armies had
lied like deer, the elements Would have fought the
battle.
’ Napoleon was now infatuated in all thiugs, infat
uated iu his diplomacy ut Moscow, and infatuated
iu the rashuess, the hurry, aud tho confusion of
bis retreat. His army perished by brigades and
divisions. On the returning spring, three hundred
thousand men were fouud buried iu the snow; all
his spoil was (ost. bis veteran troops wore utterly
destroyed, his fame was tarnished, aud his throiie
was shaken.
He was followed into France by the troops of
Russia and Germauy. In 1814, the British Army
under Wellington crossed the Pyrenees, and liber
ated tbe southern provinces of France. In the
same year, the Austrian, Prussian, and Russian ar
mies marched to Pari-, captured the capitol, and
expelled Naboleoti. The battleof Waterloo, iu tiie
year after, destroyed the reuiaqt of his legions iu
ihefield, threw him iuto the hands of the British
’overnmeiit, atjd exiled him to St. Helena, where
leremafued a British prisoner uutil he died."
Alexander died in 1825, at lineage of forty-eight,
nud, leaving no sons, wqs succeeded by' his bro
iler Nicholas, the third sou of Paul—Constantine
having resiguedltis claims to the throne. We pass
over, for the moment, the various events of the
Peter now took the title of “Emperor and Auto
crat of all tjie Bussias.!’ Iu 1716 he again travel,
led iu Europe. In 1723 ho obtaiucil the provinces
on the Caspian, by an attack ou Persia. But' bis
vigorous, ambitious, and siugularly successful
career wus uow come to a close. The death of a
Russian prince is seldom attributed to the course
of uuture; and Peter »|ied Ht the age of fifty-two, a
time vvlieu the bodily powers are sti|l uudacayed,
atid the mental lire iu the highest degree of activity.
The day, still recorded by the Russians with the
interest due to his extraordinary career, was the
28th of January, 1725. Iu thirty six years he had
raised Russia Irani obscurity to a rank with the
oldest powers of Europe,
We hasten to the close of this sketch, and pass
by the complicated successions from tho death of
Peter to tbe reigu of the Empress Catheriue.
The Russian uriny had made their first appear
ance iu Germauy, iu consequence of a treaty with
Maria Theresa; uad their bravery iu the “Seven
Years' War.”iu tjje middle of the last ceutury, es
tablished tbeir distinction fur soldiership.
Peter III. withdrew (rom the Austrian alliance,
aud concluded peace with Prussia. But his reigu
was uotijestiued to be joug. At once weak in in
tellect, aiid profligate iu habits, he offended aud
Manned his empress, by personal neglect, and by
threuts of seudiug her to a convent. Catheriue, u
German, aud not accustomed to tbe submissive-
ness of Russiau wives, formed a party against him.
The people were on her side; and, what was of
more imiHirtance, the Guards declared for her.—
Au insurrection took place; the foolish Czar, after
n six months’ reign, was dethroned, July, 1762.
was seut to a prison, nud within a week was no
more. The Russians assigned his death to poison,
to strangulation, or to some other species of atro
city. Europe talked for a while of the “Russian
Tragedy!” but the Cmperor left no regrets behind
him; uud “Cutherina, I’fincess of Auh-lt Zt rbst,"
handsome, young, accomplished, and splendid, as
cended a throne ofwhieb ber subjects were proud;
vybicb collected rnutid it the elite of Germany, its
philusphers and bolclicce; which tho empress con
nected with the beaux esprits of France, and the
orators aud statesmen of Euglund; and which, dur-
iug her lung, prosperous, und ambitious reign,
United tbe pomp of Asia with tho brilliancy aud
power of Europe. The shroud of the Czar was
speedily forgotten, in the embroidered robe which
Catheriue threw over the empire.
But the greatest crime of European annals was
committed in this buld and triumphant reign.—
Russia, Rmsaiq, and Austria, tqiqpted by the help-
lessuess of Folaud, formed a league to seize upon
portions of its territory; and the partition of 1772
took place, to the uttor astonishment of Europe,
hut with scarcely a remonstruuco from its leading
powers.
Poland had so long been contented to receive
its sovereign from Russia, its religious disputes
had so utterly weakened the people, its nubility
were so prqfligate, aud its peasantry were so poor,
that it had lost all tl;e sinews ot national defence.
It therefore fell an easy prey; aud only wailed,
like u slave iu the market, till tbe bargain tor its
sale was complete.
In 1793, a second partition was effected. In the
next year, the polish troops took up arms under
the celebrated Kosciusko; but the Russiaus ad-
auced ou Warsaw with a force which defied all
resistance. Warsaw urns stormed, twenty thou
present imperial reign. Its policy has been con
stantly turned to the acquisition of territory; aud
that policy has been always successful. The two
great objects of all Russiuu cabinets, since the days
of Constantine, have beeu the possession of Turkey
uud the command of the Mediterranean. Either
wouldf inevitably produce a universal war; and
wh'ile we deprecate so tremendous a calamity to
the world, aud rely on tbe rational aud honorable
qualities of the Emperor, to rescue both' Russia
nud Europe from so desperate a struggle, wp feel
that it is uuly wise to be prepared for all the con
tingencies that may result from the greatest mass
of power that the world has ever seen, moved hy a
despotic will, aud that will itself subject to the
common caprices of the mind of man.
The v'qlumes to which we shall now occasional
ly refer, are written by un intelligent ‘observer,
who began bis study of Russia by un office under
her government, and who bus, since that period,
been occupied iu acquiring additional knowledge
of her habits, finances, population, and general
systeqi cjf administration. A Frenchman by birth,
b"ut a German by descent, he in a very considera
ble degree unites tbe descriptive dexterity of the
oue with the grave exectuess of the other. His
subject is of the firstimportnnee to European poll
ticiuus, and he seems capable of giving them the
material of sound conclusions.
The authorcominences with the reign of Alex
ander, aud gives a just panegyric to the kindliness
qf his disposition, the moderation of his temper,
and his sincere desire to promote the happiness of
his people. Nothiug but this d'spositioii could
have saved him from all tho vices of ambitiou, pro
fligacy, aud irreligion; for his tutor was La H arpe,
one of the snvans of the Swiss school, a man or ac
complishment and taieut, but u scoffer. Rut the
English'readier should'be reminded. 'that when
nieu of this rank of ability are pronounced hostile
to religion, their hostility was ml to the principles
of Christianity, but to the relieimj of France; to
the performance of the national worship, to the
burlesque miracles wrought at the tomb of the
Abbe Parisi and to that whole system of human
mventions and monkish follies, which was as much
disbelieved in France as it wasuisdaided in Eug-
land.
Iu fact, the religion of the gospel had never come
iuto their thoughts; aud when they talked of reve
lation, they thought only of the breviary. The
Empress Catharine, finding po literature iu Russia,
afraid, or ashamed of being known as a German,
and extravagautly fond of fume, attached herself
to the showy pamphleteers of Frauce, and courted
every gale of French adulation in return. She
even corresponded personally with some of the
French litterateurs, and was Frencji iu everything
except liviug in St. Petersburg, and weariug the
Russian diadem. She was even so much the slave
of fashion as to adopt, or pretend to adopt, the fan
tasies iu government which theFreuch were now
hegiutiiug to mingle with their fantasies iu religion.
She wrote thus to Zimmerman, the author of
the dreamy aud dreary work on “.Solitude;" “I
have been attached to philosophy, because my
soul has always been singularly republican. I con
fess that this tendency staiids in strange contract
with t|ie unlimited power ot ipy place."-
If the quiet times of Europe had continued, and
France had exhibited the undisturbed pomps of
her ancient court, Alexander would probably hnve
been i Frenchman and philosophe ou the banks of
the Neva; biit stiriug tl'mos were to give him more
rational ideas, the necessities of Russia reclaimed
him from the absurdities of his education.
La Harpe himself was a uiau of some distinction,
a Swiss, though thoroughly Freucli and revolution
ary. After’leaving Russia, i;e becamo prominent,
even in'France, as an abettor of republican princi
ples, and was one of the members of the Swiss Di
rectory. La Harp e survived the Revolution, the
Empire, aud the Bourbons, and died iu 1838.
The commencement of Alexander’s reign was
singularly popular, far it began’ with the treaties
on every side. Paul, who had sent a challenge to
nil tho sovereigns in Europe to tjgbt him iu person,
had alarmed his people with the prospect of a uni
versal war. Alexander was the universal pacifi
cator ; ho made peace with England, peace
with Frauce. and a commercial treaty with
Sweden, Ho now seemed resolved avoid
all foreign wars, to keep clear of European
politics, "and to devote nil his thoughts to the
improvement of his empire. Commencing this
rational and meritorious task with zeal, he narrow
ed t);e censorship of the press, and enlarged the
importation of foreign works. IJe broke up the
system of espionage—formed a Council of State—
reduced the taxes—uboli»hed the punishment by
torture—refused to make grantsof peasants—rcon-
stitqted IheSenateinto a highcourtofjusticeilivid-
ed into departments,in order to remedy tho slowness
oflaw proceedings—established universities and
schools—allowed every subject to choose bis owu
profession; and. as the mqst important and char
acteristic of all his reforms, allowed Ip 8 nobility to
sell portions of bind to theirserfs. with tho right of
personal freedom: by this last act laying the foun
dation of a new aud free race of proprietors in Rus
sia.
The abolition of serfdom was n great experiment
whose merits tho serfs themselves scarcely appre
ciated, bn t which is absolutely pecessary to any
elevation of the nstiomd character. It has always
been nposed by the nobles, who regard it as the
The French war ( becked nil those projects of
improvement, ami the marc i of his troops to tho
aid of Austria in 1805, commenced a series of hos
tilities, which, for seven years occupied :he resour-
cesofthe empire, and had Hourly subverted bis
throne. But he behaved bravely throughout the
contest. When Austria was beaten and signed a
treaty, Alexander refused to join iu the negotia
tion. When Prussia, under the influence of coun
sels nt once rash aud negligent—loo slow to aid*
Austria, and too feeble to encounter France—was
preparing to resist Napoleon in 1S05. Alexander,
Frederic William; aud his queen Louisa, ma re a
visit by torchlight to'tbe tomb of Frederick thq
Great in Potsdam; and th re. on their kueco, tbs
two monarchs joined lb n ■ Lands over tho tomb,
and pledged liiemselvek to stand bv each other to
the last.
H lien Prussia was defeated, Alexander (.till
fought two desperate battle:; and it was not until;
the advance of tbe French wade him dread the
rising of Poland i.i his rear, that !;e made poaco ia
1802.
At this peace, he was charged with bartering
his principles for the extension of his dominie 1:3 by
the seizure on’urkey, and even of the extravagance
of dividing the world vvitj. Nap.iicon, biut lbeso
charges were''never proved.
We, too, have onr theory, r .„a j t i s> that the tear
of seeing Pol'iiu in insun eciiou alone compelled
Alexander to submit tu the treaty of Tikit; hut
that he felt all the insolence of the French E11 pe-
ror, in demanding the clo.-ing of the Russian ports
against Euglaud; and felt ll e treaty' as a chain,
which he determined to I ren!: on the first prt vo
cation. ' We think ft probableThat the know ledge
of the "secret articles ol (hat treaty was convey
ed lrom the'Russian Court to England; and, with
out pretending to know from what direct hand if
came, \ve_ believe that the seizure of th? Danish
fleet, which was tho iron ediate result of that
knowledge, was as gratifying to Alexander cs it
was to the Euglhii cabiuet, notwithstanding the
diplomatic wrath w i.: li it pleased him to affect on
that memorable occasion.
But other times wore ripening. It has beeu
justly observed that the Spanish war w as the true
origin of Napoleon’s ruin. He perished by his own
perfidy. The resistance of opuin awoke the re
sistance ol Europe. All Germany, impoverished?
by French plunder, and indignant at French in
sults. lunged to rise i;i anna. The Russians then
boldly demanded the emancipation of tbeir com-
merce, and issued a relaxed tariff in Idl'l Bri
tish vessels then began to crowd the Russian ports.
Napoleon was indignant ai d threatened. Alex
ander was offended and remonstrated. Tho
French Emperor iuatantly launched one ot his fiery
proclamations; declared that the House of Roman
off Was uudoue; and, on the 24tli of June, 1612,
threw hit* midhtv nrmv nr.nxc tlio NiL*tn*»n ’•
saud gallant men were slain jn its defence, Suwur- 1 actual plunder or their inherritance; hut Alexander
niff wus master of the unfortunate capital; and, in L 1 m- —•»— m,......... —a .1
1795, the third and last partition extinguished the
kingdom.
Having performed this terrible exploit, which
was to be as terribly avenged, the enroer of Cathe
rine was closed. She died suddenly in 1796.
Paul, her, son ascended the throne, which ho
held for five years, a mixture of the imbecility of
liis father, anil the daring spirit of his mother.—
Zealous for the honour of Russia, yet capricious
honorable exhibited his more humane and ratioua
views on the subject, whenever the question came
within his decision.
A nobleman oftho highest rank had requested
an estate “with its serfs,” a,- an imperial murk of
favor. Alexander wrote to him iu this style: “The
peasaqfll of Russia arp for the most part slaves. I
need not expatiate on tho degradation, or on the
misfortune of such a condition. Accordingly, I
have made a vow not to inc
to thia end 1 have laid do
threw his mighty army across the Niemen.
We pa.-s over the events ofthat memorable war
as universally kuowu; but justice is not done to the
Russian Emperor, unless we recollect how largo a
portion of the liberation of Earope was doe to his
magnanimity. To refuse obedience to the com
mercial tyranny of Napoleon, where it menaced
the ruin of his people, was an act of personal mag
nanimity, for it inevitably exposed his throne and
life to the hazards of war with an universal con
queror. On the declaration of war, he determined
tq jnjil jt is armies in the fiqld, another act of mag
nanimity, which was prevented only by the re
monstrance of his generals, who represented to him
the obstacles which mnst bo produced by the
presence pftlie eiqpeior. But, when the invasion
of France was re.olved cn, and negotiations might
require Ill's presence, he nm Instantly iu the camp,
and was of the highest importance to the final iiuc-
cess of the campaigu. Ho threw vigour into the
councils of the Austrian generalissimo, and, with
the aid cf the British ambassador, actually urged
Olid effected tjie ’{March to Paris."
I11 Paris, however, his magnanimity was unfor
tunate, his generosity was misplaced,’his chivalric
feelings had to deal with cruit, and liis reliance ou
the pledges of Napoleon ultimately cost Europe
oue of the bloodiest ofirs campaigns. A wis
er policy would have given Napoleon over to tho
dungeon, or sent liitn before a military tribunal, as
he had sent the uufurtnnate Due d’Eughicn, w ith
uot the thousandth part of the reason or the neces
sity, anu the peace of the Continent would thus
have b£eu secured at once. But a more theatric
policy prevailed. The promises of a man who had
never kept a promise were taken; the stimulant of
an imperial title was kept up, when he ought to
have been stripped of all honors; nil independent
revenue was issued to him, w hich was sure to be
expended in bribing tl;e officials nud soldiery of
France; and 1 , hy the last folly of a series of gencr-
oti3_al:snrdiiies, Napoleon was placed in the very-
spot which he fiimself would have cjjoecu, und pro-,
bably did clioosp, for tho centre of n correspon
dence betweci the corruption of Italy and the cor
ruption of France.
The result was predicted by every politician of
Europe, except the politicians of the Tuilerica.—>
France wsqspeedily prepared for revolt; tho army
lmd their triculoured‘ cockades in their knapsacks.
The Bourbons, who thought that the world was
to be governed by going to mass, were forced tq
flee at midnight. Napoleon drove into l(i« capital,
with nil the traitors of tlio army and the councils
digging to his wheels, cost France another “March
to Paris," the loss of another veteran army, and
himself another exile, where lie was sent to linger
out his few wretched aud humiliated years iu tho
Africau Ocean.
The Holy Alliance was the first conception of
Alexander ou the return of peace. It „ ma
sqddeuiy to exhibit either ;> good or its evil. It
has been calumniated,^ because it has been m is un
derstood. But ilseeii:^ to jiave been a nobie 1 on-
caption. Fiance, vv|nch l:mgl.3 at eycryibingj
laughed at ihe idea of ruling Europe ou principles
of honour. Germany, which is always wrapped
in a republican doze, reprobated n project which
seemed to secure the safety of thrones by estab ish-
ing honour ns.1 principle. And England, then gov
erned by a cabinet doubtful ol puldic feeling, uqd
not less doubtful of foreign integrity, shrank front
■ill junction with projects which she could notcon-.
tnw, and wit]; governments in which she would iio(
confide. Thus the Holy Alliance perished. RtiR,
tile conception was noble. It* only fault was, that
it was applied to men before meu had become, an-.
gels.
Tfio author of the volumes now before us is ev
idently a republican one—of the “ J^ovccvent,"—1
one of that class who would first stimulate man.
kind iuto restlessness, and then pronounce the rest
lessness to he a law of nature. Metternich is, of
course, his bugbear, and the policy of Austria is to
him the policy of tfie “kingdom of darkness."-^
But, if there is no wiser maxim than ‘Ho judgo of
tbe tree by its fruits/' how much wiser bus that
great statesmau been lli&uttll the bustling innova
tors of liis Juy.mul how much more substantial is
that policy by which he has kept the Auslii&u em
pire in happy und grateful tranquil itv, while tiiq
Continent lias been convulsed am nud him!
No man kuows better than Prince Mutterr.ich!
the shallow ti css, and even the eh abb in ess, of the
partisnns of qyerthrow, their utter incapacity for
rational freedom, tho utter perfidy of their intern
tions, mid the selfi-h vill&ny of their objects. He
kuows, as every man of 6ense knows, tfiat
Solons and Culos bF revolution are composed of
lawyers without practice, traders without business,
ruined gamblers, and the whole swarm of charac
terless and contemptible idlers, who infest all the
citiesof Earope. He knows from full experience
that the object of such men is, tc» procure riehte
for tho people, but to compel governments to buy
their silence ; that their ouly idea of liberty, is lib
erty of pillage; and that, with them, revolution in
ouly an expedient for rapine nud a license for re
venge. Therefore be pats them down; he stifle^
their declamation by the scourge, be curbs their
theories by the dungeon, lie cools their ppiitic.-il
fever by banishing them from the land ; and thus
governing Austria for nearly the last forty years,
he has kepi it free from popular violence, from re
publican ferocity, from revolutionary bloodshed,
and from the infinite wretchedness, poverty, and
shame, which smites a people exposed to tho
swindling of political impostors-
Thus, Austria is peaceful and powerful, while
Spain is shattered by conspiracy; while Tort Hfi:4
lives, protected from herself only under tho guns
__ of the British fleet; while Italy is committing' its
the number; aud | feeble mischiefs, and frightening its opera*huutiug
he principle vvt to j potentates out of their senses; while every petty
•Secret History of the Court and Government of
Russia, under the Emperors Alexander and Nicholas .
By H. Scbniukr. Two rols. Bentley: London vol.
Lxni
that he has hoTefuge among them incase of jis
aster. Paul was believed to be'mad, and madness,
on a despotic throne, jus'ly startles* a nation A
baud of conspirators br“ko iuto his palace at micl-
_ tbs wiuds, he first made war upon tho French ... . _ . „ , - ,,, , .
Republic, and then formed a naval league to dc- S' v « way peasants as property. province of Germany lias us ocminuKag cqnspi-
troy the maritime supremacy of Euglaud. This i The Emperor sometimes did striking things m rators; and while the f rent li king guards himself,
measure was his ruin; England was the old ally of his private capacity. A princess of ihe first rank by b istions and batteries, and cannot take an eve-
Rnasin,—France was the new enemy. The nation j applied to him to protect her husband from hi* mug s drive without fear of the blu
bated the arrogance and tbe atheism of Frauce, and creditors, intimating that “the emperor was above
resolved oil tbe overthrow of tbe Czar. Iu Russia the law."
tbe monarch is so fur removed from bis people, | Alexander answered, “Ido not wish, madam, to
" ■’ put myself above the law. even if I could, for in all
the world I do not recognise any authority but that
which oomes from tbe Iacv. On ihe contrary, I
feel more than any ou£ ejse tfie obligation of
night, strangied the master of fifty millions of men, | ing over its observance, ami even in cases
and the nation, at morning, was in a turn zlt of joy. ethers may be indulgent, I c:r only be jast.
