Newspaper Page Text
THE GEORGIA TELEGRAPH,
BV MAY & MOSS,
COUNTY AND STATE PRINTERS.
per annum.
•aid that,in the taco of the country, in California
a more eonvrnient national boundary could be
found prrhapa, a few minute, aoutb of the com-
promise line. If tbia be ao. let it be adopted. I
.tick!* only for ibe right, which can ho protected
br <he Unpuasa of the art.
r ?]j'aU*-l‘ , ortbt> paper strictly in advance ,«S3iJ j And now. Mr. president. let Jj’*
other aide assign their reaaona tchjr the aoulhern
bnuiidarv of California ahould not be contracted
i aspropored. It will give to the new State a
border of five decreea of latitude on the Pacific,
reserving about four for the aoulhern territory,
and it will leave an open way to the ocean for fu
ture State# which may be urecled.
So much. air. in repard to that part of the bill
which provide* for the admiaaion of California.
The next proposition in the bill i», that Texas,
fora grant ormoney, thall cede to the United
State, all of her territory lying north and we,t ofa
line to be drawn from a point near the 32d parall
el of north latitude to the 34tb. The intent, as
the controverted
M ACO N-
TUESDAY MOItNING, JUKE 18, 1850.
SPEECH OF HR. MASON, «F
(concluded r*oM tiitn r*er)
30 minutes was against the formation of a Stair
government at all; that the people who reamed
south of that line were in f"™ « territorial
government, and npain.t* > Stale government; and
It it further stated in the debate, by a gentleman
who took part in i* when tbit question wil before
the convention, -hat the votea of those who Were
from the territory south of that J PiB
iimtea) were given to a man alleged, is thereby to settle
repreaentat
line (33 degrees 30
a-ain.t tlio formation <>f a State government. I
should say. then, viewing ibis question, not aa
one of political expediency, bat as one of justice
and propriety, that tho Senate of the United
State*, to proscribing a proper tonthern bounda
ry for State of California, ahould restrict that
boundary to tho parallel of 3G degreaj 30 minutes.
To do this would enable the pe. p'e ol living east
of the great chain of mountains to havo access to
the Pacific CO,a:, and would be conformable to the
wish of the large and stable population rending
south of that line. ... ,. _
Mr. PretifsW. ithaa beeo naked in tins Senate
more than once, with what view we would con
tract the boundaries of California T It haa been
asked of gentlemen from tho aoulhern State*
whether, if they did coutract this boundary, and
op-n a way an that they could carry their slaves
ihrre, it would over Ik* donot Tho Seuator from
Mv.sachnaetM, [Mr. W(abater,] aomo time ago. de
clared thatalavory would never go there; that
this Wilmot Proviso Wo* written on every rock
and in every plain; that Nature h.ul ordained that
slavery could not exist there, ntul that it was idle
to attempt to contravene the ordinances of Na
ture. Sir, any gontlaman who will inform him
self of tho statement* made and acted on in the
California convention, aa shown by the debates,
will fiud that if the southern State* had been at
liberty to take their slaves there, tinder what I as-
aumo to bo their conititutional right, they would
have boon taken into the Territory by hundred*
of than sand *, auJ that at thi* day the larger por-
lion numerically would have been the population
of alave* held by the southern slaveholders.—
Sir. what could ho a more valuable n to of that
labor than in working those mine*I Every body
ran onderstand that for bimaelf. But it is proved
■ m' tlifos
by the fact that, after the convention of California
had determined upou the exclusion uf slaves
from tho Territory, a proposition was made that
the constitution should exclndo the African race
in every form, bond or free; and tbo reason given
for it wasihnssummed op: Yon have excluded
slavery. Now, nnlesa you exclude the African
race altogether, the conseqneoro will be that the
Territory of California will he inundated by free
negroes; because ao valuable would bo their ser
vice* to their master*, that the owners of slaves
would take them there by thousand* and tbon*.
and,, upon contract that they should serve them
ouo or two years, and then be manumitted. It
wa, said that by adapting this course each slave
would be worth from two to five thousand a year
to hi* master. These, then, are facU which I pre
sent in answer to gentlemen who contend that
there is uo roots for African slavery there. Now,
who can any that tho samo rensonin^ doe* not np,
ply to the southern part of California 1 It is said
that gold has not been discovered there, and that
it never will be. Titoae who have said ao rosy bo
right, or they may bo wrong. Gentleman say that
the climate, the soil, aud the desert wastes which
are to bo found there afford no inducements for
stave labor. In that, too, they may be right, or
they may be wrong; hot I say that, under Ibe
coustitution. we have a legal right to have the
door left open, and to Imvo it kept open, in order
that wo may enjoy it, ao long a* it remain* a ter
ritory, in any way we may lltiuk most expedient.
But apart from any question.of constitutional
right or obligation toward* the southern Slides, a
glance at tho map will show that everv motive of
public policy, and jn*t equality in the Territory
requires that tho immense reach of country lying
eastward of the Sierra Nevada, or the proposed
eastern boundary of the new State, should not be
excluded from ibe commerce end trade of the Pa
cific. We are told that it is idle to attempt to
E rovida access for that country to tho Pacific coast,
vcaase tboy are separated from it by vast ard
impassable mountains. I again refer them to the
map, which shows that the mountain* subtida
south of tbd parallel of thirty-five degress; and I
refer.also, to the declarations before.adverted to,
of one of the elder member* of tbo convention,
who indicated at tho ultimate policy of the coun
try the erection of ais States in tho Territory, each
of whiab should front and bind on the Pacific
oceiu. It ia an adsantage.of value inestimable to
future Stales, that they should have a share in tbo
great commerce of th-pacific. and it is our clear
duty to provide it furthem. by taking care that the
entire coast i* not pre-oecnpled and engrossed by
those who bsppen to have been tho first comer*.
Look sir, at the great valley* of the Colorado, and
the Gila, both to a great extent unexplored, hut
the latter giving evidence, by tbo color of its wa
ter* and the tradition* of Ibe Indians, that item-
braces a highly valuable and fertile country. Na
ture has opened a way for the acre** of the inhab
itants of these great valley* to the ocean; aud we
era called upou to cut it off for no reason undvr
Heaven, that I can conceive, nulesa it be expressly
to exclude onr southern people from the whole
territory.
And uow. air, as to the adjnstment of the dlfii-
cullies arnnml us. I beg to say, that theleadingand
cootrolling objection to the bill under considera
tion, so far as the Territory of California is concern
ed ia this extension of southern boundary. I
think I have shown that every consideration of
national policy, and of justice to the immense coun
try behind theuew State, require* that she he re.
Strained from engrossing the entire border of the
Pacific; I think I have shown from the language
or bar public men in convention., that there.ia no
urgent reason affecting her condition, why this ex
tend boundary should be allowed; and I have
shown further, that the people to be affected by it
•outh of the line indicated are xolicituoua and aux-
tout to be excepted from the limit* uf the now
Stale. Bat I insist more than all, that it violates
the terms of the compromise of 1820. It opens
anew, and in an aspect of prophetic warning to
theSonth, the dangerous purpose* of those who
claim the right In limit aud restrain the extension
of the institution of slavery; and it will compel
the Statea where this institution exists to rely on
their own resources and strength to arrest the ex-
ereiaoof the power, whatever consequences may
ensue.
Bot. air, to tbo contrary of all this, determine to
abide by the settlement of this controverted^ ques
tion as made on tbo odmisaion or Missouri, and
Iba horizon cirarooff atouco. Great na we view
tho concession made by that settlement on the
part of the South, it has been done, and we are
willing yet to abide by it. So determine and we
admit California at once, and upon the proclama
tion of tbo President, if such form be most accepta
ble, upon information satisfactory to him that tiia
inhabitants within the prescribed limits have in
the proper forms contracted' their southern boun
dary as indicated and have limited their represen
tation at present to one member. Arid we will do
tbia in the earnrst desire to restore tranquility to
the country, and harmony and efficiency to the
public councils, although to do so we must over
look tbo gross usurpations of the executive con
nected with tho subject, along with all the irregu.
lari ties attendant upon tbo constitution of that con
vention ; and if in all this there can be aeon no
•pirit of conciliation, then I fear that nothing will
satisfy the majority, but terms that import ruin to
the South.
I submit this proposition, sir, to tho Senator of
Kentucky [Mr. Clay,] who has asked tho senator
of Louisiana [Mr. Soule, wbat it wastheSontb
wanted, and wbnt we would take. I offer ns the
mode of adjustment, the line of tbo Missouri com
promise— that upon which the country haa repos
ed far the last thirty year*; adopted in 1820, when
Missouri was admitted, and re-nffirmed in 1845,
on (be annexation of Texaa. I believe myaelf,
honestly believe, that the aouth most unfortunate
ly erred ia assenting, even by acqaiescencr. to
the establishment of this line of partition. We
are reaping now all the bitter fruits of that surren-
der. It was done, however, in a spirit of conces
sion. and fur the sake of peace. It was called then
• " compromise”—meaning. I presume, a joint
agreement of tho two great sections of the coun-
M to divide a Territory in dispute, rather thao
bring to extremity this isano made on a question
of constitutional power. Compromise ia a danger
ous resort to those in a minority, as we have sadly
experienced. Kar belter Tor a minority to try the
right when first questioned than to evade it for the
aako of repose. And where do wo stand now?-—
Precisely where we stood in 1820, except that the
majority baa inert-need, and the minority diminish
ed, by tho operations of well known causes in the
tide of population. The South cannot retrieve the
step then takon, without an open rapture; ard
this we will avoid if the North will allow it. Sir,
the proposition of the southern States to stand on
the Hiiuwri eotri premise lino throw* the whole
responsibility of the future on the North, and the
country will so understand it. Odiona aa tbia has
aver beon, and to noua more ao than to himwlo
m.w addresses yon. I will abide by it at a sacrifice
to the psblic peace. But notone hair’s breadth
will I, m q representative of Virginia, every)*! i
b- iow that line n* a mutter of right in the Nortl .
1 qualify it 8 * 8 matter of right, because it :*
question of boundary between Texas ami an much
of New Mexico as ha* iicen reded tu tbo United
States by treaty with Mexico.
I shall not now go into tbia qncstion of boundary
as oneof right between Texas anil, the United
States. My business*!* to deal with it in tbo bill
as it ia propoaed to operate on the question of
compromise or adjustment of the alaveiy question.
In lliis view, the first effect of it certninly is, to
take off so much of tho territory _ as belongs to
Texas, now subject to the institution or shivery,
and to muke it the property of the United State*.
At presoot, slaveholders with their property can
go there, and hold it under the jurisdiction of
Texas: cede it to the United States, and who. ia
credulous enough to believe tbnt tho institution
will be allowed thcro one day after tho title is
passed! . • , .
Tho next effect ol it is to withdraw the ceded
territory from tiie operation of tho compact of
annexation. That compact ia in tho following
word*:
New States of convenient air.e. not exceeding
four in number, in addilinn to aaid State of Texas,
and having sufficient population, may hereafter
by the consent of aaid State be formed out of the
territory thereof, which shall be entitled to
admission under the provisions of the federal coo
stitution: and such States aa may be formed out of
that portion of Mid territory lying south oiSGdeg.
3flmm. north latitude, commonly known aa the
■Missouri compromise line, ahallbe adraitlrd into
tho Union with or without slavery, as the people
of each Stnte nskiiig admission may deaire ; and
in ench Stato nr State* aa ahall be formed ont of
odd teiritury north ofsaid Missouri compromise
lino slavery or involuntary servitude except for
crime*. shal| be prohibited.
That ialo aav, new States that are formed ont
of the Territory of Texaa south of that line shall
bo admitted into the Union “with or without
slavery,” &c. But if the cession he made, the
tarritory ceded ia no longer the ••territory of
Texas,” butit becomes tho territory of the United
States, aud is in all respect# on tho footing of any
other territory ofthe United State*. When, there
fore, new States are formed out or the ceded terri
tory, they will be formod not ontof ••territory of
Texas,” butout of “territory” ofthe United States.
In other word# the obligation of the compact is
binding on the United States in respect to territory
ofthe State of Texaa.but the obligation cease* wheo
the leiritory reases to bo the territory of Texas.
But whether this be the true legal exposition or
not of the edict of that compart,. ike experi
ence of the sountry give* ua sufficient warning
what the actnal construction will be, should the
question ever arise.
The last effect that I' shall notice i*. to violate
the faith pledged by tho compact with Texaa,
a* to the condition of new States that might be
formed ont of her territory south of36deg 30min.
The southern States admitted Texas into the Union
on the faith that the question of alaveyy or not
sonth of that line, should be left to die people
inhabiting the country. Tho bill will take it
from them, and leave it to the Congress of the
United States.
A* things stand, it is fully conceded that the
terms of the compact are mandatory, and require
new States to be admitted south of that jine
whenever Texaa assents, and there is sufficient
population—the qnestion of slavery or not to be
determ ned by the inhabitants of a territory
where slavery prevails. Pas* thi* bill, and the
mandate gives way to the discretion of a majority
in Congress whilst in the mean time tho territory
passes under the aolejnriadiclion of Congress in
all respects whatsoever. And what, sir, is the
amount of territory to he thns surrendered f
Why. a fraction less than 123.000 sqnare mile#—
n territory abundantly large for two medium
ailed State*. Let it bo dona, and it reqnlre* no
prophecy to foretell the result. Two non-slave-
holding States will take their position north and
west of the State of Texas.
The actoal effect of thi* bill. then, will he
ist. In the Territory of California to prohibit
the institution of slavery on tbe whole Pacific
border, and iu latiinde down to the 32d parallel.
21. To take from Texas 123 000 square mile* of
territory now claimed as here, and subject to ilin
institution of slavery. and to place i*. a* to the
continuance ofthia institution, at tho. discretion
nr Congress—thns removing tbe barrier of the
Missouri compromise, incorporated into the com
pact with her.
And aa an inducement to the southern States
to vote this hilt wbat ia offered ill 'return ? Why.
a proposition simply, informing government a for
the remaining Territoriesarqnired from .Mexico,
to refrain from enacting the Wilmot Proviso, held
hv all the •nuthean State# a* so direct an invasion
of their right* nnder tbo conatitntinn, as to justify
resistance on iheir part “to tho last extremity
and nt every hazard.”
S'r, I do not wish to speak harshly, bnt it is
difficult to speak wilh forbearance.
To eeenpc(I think dial is the troe word)’for the
present, and for the present dny only, from a law
thns characteaizrd by the southern Stales, they
i-r to assent to the prohibition of slavery in one
ofthe Territories fonr degrees and n half below
the Missouri line, and to release 125.000 sqnare
milesof slave territory'in one of tbe aooihern
State* to the discretion of a majority eonati'tPed
of representatives from the non-alaveholding
States.
To state the proposition, air, is to insure its
repudiation by tho Sooth.
Sir. if we were to do this, (which Heaven
forbid ever ahould be done by aoulhern vote*.) it
would be but a temporary respite. Notwithstand
ing flics voice of peace which we have oecaaionly
heard, ihis Wilmot Proviso is “not dead, bnt
aleepeih.” We have had warning enongli ton run re
even the dnllesl ear, in the speech of an eminent
and influential representative from tho Slate of
Maaanchoaetta, delivered in tho other wing or
the Capitol, on a proposition to lay the "motion"
on the table during the present session. His lan
guage wa* this:
But it remain* to be seen whether the great
principle* of the ordinance of '87 have loat any
portion of their vitality : whether they have not
aa strong and living a bold on the hearts of onr
northern end western men a* on that of tbe hon
orable member himself; and whether, on tbe
proper occasion, if a real necessity or reasonable
demand for their assertion and maintainance
-hunId arise, they wonld not be asserted, and be
maintained by aa lnrge a mnjority in thi* body
a* they ever have been berotefore. I believe
they would be.
Who ran doubt that the “real necessity or rea
sonable drmand for their assertion and mainten
ance," oracnlorly hinted by the speaker, wa* the
existence or uon-oxistenco of any prrviona Isw in
tho Territory abolishing slavery, and thns dis
pensing wilh a new enactment! No, sir; the
proposition to refrain note fmm passing tbia Pro
viso, and which we are to purchase at so dear a,
price, is no abandonment of the principle on tbe
part of the majority. It ia bnt to postpone its ex
ercise, became as they believe there exists in
these territories no “real necessity or reasonable
demand for its assertion.” and this is ail.
1 haro thus, Mr. President, endeavored to lay
before tho Senate the objection* I entertain to the
bill nnder consideration, as it baa been reported by
tbo select committee: noris there any amendment
which can remove them, unless it were to change
the principle upon which it is founded. I hare
ia doing this indicated the line of tbo Missouri
compromise as the only gronnd upon which, as I
believe, abe qnestion can be settled in such way
as to doatroy agitation and restore) harmony to tbe
different sections of tho Union. Ron that lino
ont from the State of Texas to tbe Pacific ocean,
and I feel the strongest assurance that tha entire
Sonth will acquiesce in tho decision. Certainly
it will have whatever weight will be carried by
any recommendation of mine. And, sir, that we
may have a diatient proposition before the Senate
aa a anbstitnte, believed to carry the consent of
the Southern States, I here propose itto the coun
cils of the country.
CotimcTioir.—In the communication of our
rnrrrapoudrnt, Jackson, published in our last
work**, iaat'e for 1819 road 1814-
csr We thank curable corrcapoudeut, “South
erner,” for bit lucid aud able article iu opposi
lion to tbo “Compromise.” It shall have a place
in ournext.
The Debates in the Senate. j FROM WASHINGTON
The speeches of Messrs. Davis, Soule, Mason, [correspondence or the Georgia telegraph.]
WASHINGTON, June 11. 1850.
Speech of Mr. Jackion—The Cuba Inva
sion—the lnvadcr»*-The great Qucs
lions, etc.
Mr. Jackxon, of Georg
th
Extensive Sale or Dkt Goods in Charles
ton.—We would direct public attention to the ex
tensive sale of Dry Goods, advertised for side in
Charleston, on account of tbe Underwriter's, in
another column this morning. This sale will be
witbont reserve, and continued from day to day
until the entire stack is disposed of.
fj* The Hon. Tbo*. C. Hackett, member of
Congress from the Fifth District, we regret , to
learn, paaaeil throngh Augusta on bis way home,
on Weduotday last, in very feeble health.
* Mr. Mtiaon’a Speech.
We give in extenso, in tbia morning's paper the
speech of Mr. Maaon of Virginia, pronounced in
tbe U. S. Senate on the 27th ult., on tho Compro.
misa Bill. This speech is concise, argumentative
and to the point. Wo ask evpry reader of onr*.
every Southern man. who feels an interest iu tbe
controversy now pending between the Nurth and
South to give ibis speech, a serious aud attentive
perusal.
Mndioino Bishop’s Concert.
A largo number of Ladies and Gentlemen, had
the pleasure last evening, of listening to the first
Concert of this celebrated Prims Donna, and cei*
toioly, wo never beheld a moio gratified aud en
tbusiastic audience. 11 woulJ be tuperflocs ior us
to attempt a critisfism. particularly upou the per
formanceuf Madame B. t when every thiug she
did, every notesho sung, diplayed tbe finished ar.
tiste, in tho highest perfection. Wo believe we
shall uot be accused uf extraragauce, when we
express tho opiuiou, that- tbe coucert given last
evening, was the most excellent ever given iif Mu'
con. Of Mr. Bochta, wo would, if onr limits per*
milted, say considerable. Tho Harp in hi* bauds
gives ullereuce tu such sweet sounds, that you lose
sight uf Bochsa, and only hear and see the instru
ment. Ilia performance displayed ptuch genius,
aud elicited the must marked aud decided exprt a
aiuns of applause. By special request they give
another Coucert this evening, and we exhort all
who “ have music iu their souls,” no matter whe
ther they hare it in their ears or nut, tu gu to tbe
Cuncert Room or tho Lanier House, to-uighL
The Nashville t onveulion.
This Convention after a session of seven days,
adjourned on the 12th iust., to meet agaiu at Nash
ville, iu six week* after tbe adjournment of the
present Congress. We lay before our reader* to
day, the resoi Jtion* adopted by the Convention —
The Address we have alto received, but'at tuo-
late an hour to give it iu Ihia weeks issue. Tbe
Address ia particularly strong and good. The Mis
souri Compromise to tbe Pacific, ia recommended
astbeiastandutmostcoucessiou. The Resolutiun*
and Address, were adopted uuanimonsly, with tbe
exception cf one delegate, (Mr. Gohison of Vir.
ginia. Tbo almost harmony aud good will pre.
vailed throughout ils aittiog. Its deliberations uo
less than iu decision*, were manly, diguified. con
ciliatory bnt firm, and it only remaiua for tbe peo
pie of tbe South to give the recommendations of
the Convention a hearty second, to secure their
rights and preserve the Union. But we have no
room to finish all we have to offer on tbi* subject
in the present number, We will tarn toil next
week. Meauwbile we call upon the IrienJt of
Southern rights, and equality of all parties, up
on all men. that would uot debase themselves by
a cowardly surrender of every thing uuder Heavlo,
that the enemies of the South would demand, to
rally upon the Nashville platform.
Clemens and Berrien, in the Senate, have thrown
a flood of light on the question* iuvolvetl. in tlio
measures,now under di.i-oaaion ill that body. Wo
regret that we canuut publish these debates entire.
But the limit* of M weekly paper will not allow na
to do so. The beat we can do under such cir.
cuinstance*, it to make extract* from them. Mr.
Soule's speech in opposition to the Compromise,
are unanswerable, and we only wish a copy of it
could be placed in the bands of every southern
man.
The following extract present* tlio difficulty
that embarrasses the aoulhern mind, in relation to
the existence of the law that i» now in force in the
Territories acquired by the treaty or Hindalgo—
Wbat laws are in force in these territories ! A cor
respondent of the Mobile Register, pointedly asks T
“Isilthe Mexican laws.nris it our laws! Isslavery
already prohibited in these territories, or are they
open to the introduction of our slaves? Do not
moat of the advocates of the eompromue loti, sup
port and defend it because in their opinion, slave,
ry haa no existence in tho Territories? On this
point, Mr. Soule aav*:
•‘I would now cal) the attention of the Senate to
so much of the remarkable speech of tho honora
ble seoator from Kentucky (who opened the de
bate npon the report and bill qf the committee)
na relntes to the Mexican laws prnhibing slavery,
remaining in force in tbe ceded Territories. With
the senator's usual manliness and candor, he avow
ed that nntesa he had been convinced that the
Mcracau faws prevailed in the Territories, and that
by virtue thereof, slavery bad no existence or pro
tection tfaere.be could, never have brought himself
tu cast a vote iu favor of the territorial bill as it
stands. He went further; and l n»k tho deliber
ate attention of southern Senators to the prophet
ic warning* ho put forth: lie not ouly announced
kit own conviction that these law* remained in force
there, but while we want flatteriug ourselves that
quite a different conviction might be wrought in
in due season in a certain quarter, he ventured the
iinp.'.-ing ainuiinccim-nt t!> it a vast mnjmitv. nut
only of tho people, hut of the jurist* of the States,
concur wilh him in opinion tfpnn that question.—
Well sir. il that he tho case—if it is gravely an-
uniiuced by one whose own opinions-always carry
with them ao much weight and weild so much in-
licence, thaf a vast majority of the jurists of the
country are already with him U|>oii ibis important
constitutional legal issue—how can tlio honorable
senator ask us ol the Sonth tu vote with him, and
iu the wa v of a compro'miae, too, based upon tho
acknowledged exiateuceof prohibitory iawsagainst
the institution of slavery, which are absolutely
i- ... i m.1.
recently addressed
House of Representatives,!!!Committee of the
California for Slavery.—The Weat Ten
nesaee Whig, noticing the arrival of a gentleman
in Jackson, from tbe gold mine* of California says:
“Tbi* gemleman says that not one man ont of ten
in California, oversaw the late Constitution which
tiiey have adopted and that, in bit opinion, there
ia a largo majority of tho present population of
California in favor ol negro slavery. We think
this tale very likely ; for thonsands, and thousands
of those who are now in that State, are there hun
ting gold, and have no idea of making it their home
therefore have taken no trouble to inform them
selves in regard to tba provisions of tbe Constitu
tion of California.”
I ST'Never court the favor ofthe rich by flattar
ing either their vanity or thair vices
Georgians in California.
We clip the foiluwiug paragraph from the Cali
fornia correspondence of the Rome Southerner :
Col. Johu H. Watson, from Muscogee county,
Ga., has been elected out of ibe Circuit Judge*;
be bad jnat resigned liisseat as a member of the
low er House ef Representatives. C«l. F. H. Sau-
ford.of Georgia, is also electod one of tbe Judges.
Among mauy old acquaintance* I found here, Col.
S. R. Bonner, well know-u in many portions or
your State. Rev. Dr. Boring aud family, have
just arrived here iu the steamer Teuucaaee—all iu'
good beallfa.
Settling the Question.
Let those who flatter tbrmselrcs that the pas
sage of Mr. CUy's bilk of unconditional capitula
tion will settle tbe agitation it is intended to qaell,
ponder ibe following extract from a late Washing
ton letter in the Pennsylvanian. We will only
prove onrarlves the verrieat dupes, il we are whee
dled into the belief that free toilism is not to be
made a teat qneation in future 1’ieaidential elec
tions, though twenty sneb compromise bill* at
Mr. Clay’s thnold pass Congress. Compromises
will not loll it tq sleep, aa onr past experience
abundantly prove*, mneb les*extinguish it.
We have said, and we repeat again, that Con
gress cannot permanently settle tbi* matter, ami
we regard it as criminal to pursuade the people of
tbe Sonth, that that body can do ao. The power
of tba South in Congress, is becoming relatively
weaker and weaker every day, while the strength
of Ibe free toilers i* becoming greater. This the
northern people fnlly understand, aud to expect
them to be more just to ns in proportion as their
power for miaebirf ia increased, is to become obli
vions to tbe past and hope against hope. Let Con
gress pass Mr. Clay’s compromise bill, and not
one month will roil by, before w-e will wituesa a
more thorough organization of tho opponents of
slavery, than ever, and a fixedness of purpose in
spired by this triumph, that will nerve them on
to consummate their schemes.
Washington, May, 1850.
“I think I may venture to assure yon, that in
less than three months, we shall have a now Free
soil paper here, with Mr. F. I*. Blair in the edito
rial chair, which shall bo devoted to tbe work of
elevatiog Col. Benton to tbe I’resideucy. “con
science” whiggery l«-ing one of the elements npon
which it is to real. Efforts to get up such an or
gan in Waabingtob, are in course of progress, with
every reasonable prospect that they may succeed.”
[y Tbe Richmond Whig says, that oneof tbe
correspondents of tlio New York Sun is very in
dignant with tbeabolilion Senator*, for not support*
iug the Compromise. It refers to the (act, that
the New York Tribune haa changed front aud now
avow* it* willingness to take tbo scheme to sav e
Texas; bnt tbe Sou’s correspondent thinks it i*
too late, and be expresses a sort of malignant pleas
ure, that they will lose Texas forever by their op-
position to the compromise.
Well, if the object was, and it would seem from
this writer tbat it was. to smuggle a large portion
of Texas off to the Aboliliionists, nnder tbe cry of
•• cotnpromiae" and “ Settlement”—all good men
ought to rejoice that tbe unfair game will fail. 7 ’
odious to ua, aud which tbe 10th section of this
bill not only recognizes, but render* irrepealable!
1 ask every sontbutner who listens to me, how lie
can vote for this bill without virtually conceding
a power in Congress to impose the Wilmot promao
upon these Territoriea. whenever it choose* to do
s<>! And. indeed, as this section gives to Congress
an absolute veto upon all laws winch may emauate
from the territorial legislature, while it does not
impose any restraints w hatever upon itself, w hat
assurance ia given, what security have we, that
eveu if we yield up our objections to tbe unex
ampled sacrifices which this exacts of us, under
the promptings of a love of nuion, mid a desire of
pence, and cuuaeut to it* passage—I repeat whnt
security have we, whnt obstacle- wuuld be iuter-
poaed agaiust the introduction, on the next day, anil
the final passage of a bill imposing tbe lVtlmol
proriao upon these lVrriluries? Nevertheless, we
are told that this lull ia to be the panacea for all Ibe
disturbing evil* tbat annoy ua; ami In! the very
secticu we are debating put* and leaves every
thing in doubt, every thing in danger,'everything;
yea verily, every thing—iu darkness! Ouly be
hold! Here is the eminent chairuinu of the com
mittee proclaiming from his place in the Seus.te
that these Mexican taws'are nowjn furce ip the
Territories; aud yet hero is the'bouorablo senator
from Mississippi. I Mr. Foote.] ou whose motion
this committee was raised, and a staunch auppor-
ter of Ute measure* it I'euouimeuds, declaring from
Ilia place that these laws have been superseded by
the constitution of the United Slates, and that
slavery catiuot be inhibited from going there!—
Yet, while these opposite and claahiug interpreta
tions are given to the mono features uf tho same
section of the same bill, by its own friends, we are
urged aliko by both Senator* to give it our support,
and without reference al all to tho obscurities
which musk it meaning from its own champions!
Uuder whose Iwuuer shall wocrnsndef Under
which construction shall w-e wage the war? Is it
fur Southern right* or Sontheru wrong* 1"
Tin- Fugitive Slave Bill.
Mr. Foote who. with Mr. Ritchie, has been act
ing in the capacity wet nurso to Mr. day’s Com
promise Bi l.ha* without iBa**lt*I t», elicited more
than one good argument a&aiusl tho scheme. Ofthi-*
character ia tbe following extract from a letter
written by James Lyon, Esq!, of Richmond, iu re
ply toons addressed to him,by Mr. Foote, request
ing hit audorsemeut of the compromise.
Mr. Lyon is a whig, and one of iho most emin
ent and distinguished lawyers in Virginia. He ex
poses the chicanery and trickery of the provisions
of tbe bill, relating to tho recovery of fugitive
slaves, as follows: _
Then, as.to the fugitive-slave bill. To rrftise
to pats a proper hill is to resort again to the trail*.
cemletital code, aud to deny In the constitution of
the Uuited State* the faith and duty which ore
yielded to a tieaty with a foreign nation, or nti or
dinary -law. - A striking illustration of this has
recently occurred. There iaA treaty with Spain,
and a law of Congress forbidding any one in this
country to n>ake an effort to overthrow a friendly
government. "Lopez, a Spaniard, attempt* over
turn the government of Spain in Cuba, and an-,
editor in New York support* the project with his
pen, and instantly both are arrested as malrlau
tors. The constitution, which is above both the
law and treaty, guaranties tbe protection of our
rights, ami the redelivety cf onr slaves, ami it ia
not only set at naught, and violated with impunity,
but the violation is by some considered a* merito
rious, aud it is a great tmnu to pass a law to pre
vent Ibe violation, and eive effect to tbo eouatti-
tntinn. Suchis the difference of the’treatment
which 'transcendental mortality aud pslriotirm
weald extend to citizens or the sainecuuutry, pro
tected by tbe constitution, and foreign govern
ments by an ordinary law. But allow me to sug
gest, my dear sir, that the fugitive bill should be
amended, aa Mr. Davis aod Mr. I’ratt propose, be
cause, if the law as it now stands he with us, (and
I have not a doubt il is.) and the territorial legis
lature be inhibited from passing any law concern
ing slavery, it cannot |w*a laws to protect slaves
as property, or punish them as persons; aud yon
know that partaking as they do of holli qualities,
pecaliar legislation is necessary. Tbe requisition
for record evidence of title and trial by jury ought
also to be stricken out. This provision of the bill
requiring record evidence is not cumulative as it
now stands; for it is “upon this certificate, and
other evidences, if necessary, subatautiatiug it,
the person si escaping tnnot be delivered up.”—
“Tbi* certificate.’’ then, must be produced, and
the •‘other eridence” may or may not. Now, it
will be very difficult,if tint impossible, to get this
record evidence. Our interior courts sit only
once a mouth, onr eircuitcoorts ouly once in six
months, and the court of appeal haa no original ju
risdiction. Now, suppose a slave runs off, or ia
Whole, on tbe California question. It was his first
effort, and nobly did Iio acquit himself of the duty
imposed upon him. His voice is very agreeable,
and o r sufficient capacity tu fill the Hall; perhnp'
tho largest in America, in other words every into 1
nation wa* heard with perfect distinctness, and
this is more than can be aaid of at least one-hal^
of the members. The attention of those who ga
thered around him, showed that he was not regar
ded as nn idle talker; bnt as a statesman of warm
heart, lofty patriotism, and with no ordinary pow
ers ns an oratnr. He appealed to the patriotism of
the North. The sentences fell gratefully upon all
ears not closed to tbe pleadings of justice; but
alas! these were in the minority. The majority
will not heed. Fortified by the consciousness of
their atreugtb, having the might of the giant, it is
to be feared that they will if they can, take a fir
mer hold of the pillars, and with a convulsive ef
fort, tear onr temple into fragments.
Mr. Jackson’s speech will be published in the
Globe, the official organ of the House; and as you
will, no doubt, transfer it to your columns, 1 will
not attempt eveu a-synopsis. It is sufficient to
say, that tbo south has iu him a stannch, and un
wavering advocate—one who. in the purity of mo
tive. and the strength of a good cause, boldly pro
claims the truth in a manner to command respect-
If every man from the alnveboldiog States was
as efficient, we would not hear the distressing ad
mission, by southern men, that tbe south do no (
stand heart to heart, as oue man.
To-morrow is the day,. when the vote will be
commenced in the Committee of the Whole on
the California question. If they shall get it before-
the Honse, tbe minority can fight off a fiual vote to
to the end of the session, if they choose. Tha
abolition spirit is so strong, that the south have lit
tle, if any thing to look for. The devil ueverhelpa
the Christian. The Senate are still hammering
at their •• adjustment,’ miscalled compromise.—
There js uo telling what will be done by Congress.
The only certaiutyfia uncertainty.
The city was startled and inflamed yesterday,
in the so-called “ teligraphic intelligence,” that
General Campheil, our Consul at Ilavanua, had
been seized and imprisoned, for interfering to pie
vent two huudred California emigrants, who ware
seized and brought into tbat port by a Spanish ves
sel, for being detained nod cast into prison, to be
tried aa •• pirates.” The official papers of Ihia
mortiiug contradict the rumor, aud prououuce it a
hoax. This, however, does not prevent the citi
zens, and temporary sojourners in Washington,
from coming to tho conclusion that tbe couducto'
tbe Administration, in its zeal to carry out the law
of 1848. haa run with electric speed far beyond
the proper bonnd*. The Spanish Minister near
this Government* and the Duke of Aicoy.have ac
ted ou the belief that General Taylor and his Cab*
net, were perfectly willing that all euapecled per.
mius should feel the veugeance of “Her mns;
Christian Majesty.” Protection to tbe Americau
citizen, amount* to uotbing uow-a-days.
The Administration is willing that the South
shall bs diddled out of a portion, if not all of the
teiritory acquired from Mexico, by “thecommon
blood aud treasure,” and in relation to the Cuban
expedition, tbe American passport iatto protection,
from violence. If the Government longer refuse*
the people must rush to the rescue of their fellow,
citizens. We must, iu this case, approach a little
tiearer to true democracy.
The Hiiuae^ias been wonderfully industrionsof
late, sitting uuli|-a late hour at night. About oue
hundred aud ten speeches have beeu made on tbe
California question, and at leas*, fifty gentlemen
will not have hit opportunity to blow off their stir
plus steam, and ail have to reserve it for . another
occasion, at with the termination of debate to
morrow, tbe freedom of speech will not be cot off
r*ir the mmm.1i, on thi* ■ol.jMeL A desperate eft.
fort will be made to come to tome practical under
standing ou the agitating subjects before the close
of the month. * /. '
Tfie*.Missouri Compromise line is daily growing
in.fuvor, as tbe provisions of Mr. Clay’s compro
mise, are being exposed in the Senate, and if the
Sontbern people will unite and make tbia tbe ulti
matum, they will get it yet. But if there ia tu be
any backing out among you now, you must con-
tent yourselves hereafter, with any thing yon can
get. METROPOLIS.
“IteBd.
M. to
rr *pecii„
Important Vote in the Senate
We give below, the yeas and naya. on tta„
meat proposed by Mr. Davi. of gfUti^
that portion ofthe Cimprotnise bill,
territorial governments for New Mexico
form'd. a
The amendment of Mr. Davi* simply prnbrw
orotacV the citizens of all the States, in thifc - ^
or property of every kind, and was ns
Provided. That nothing herein cnlain-d B h"iM
construed to prevent said territorial le.i.l “*
from passing such laws as raay be nece*,, " v 1
the protection of tlio rights of property
kind which may have been, nr may be h ' "V - ’-!
conformably to tho constitution and laws^'r' er *
United States, held in or introduced int 1,19
territory. • 0
The question recurring on this araemlm.„,
rejected as follow* • nl '
_ Yeas.—Messrs. Atchison, Badger. Rpti
riait. Butler, Clay, Clemens, Daiii, n r r *
Dnwson, Dickinson, Downs, Foote H '' l8, ->
Hunter. King. Magnum. Mason. Morton n D,lon >
Pratt. Rusk, Sebastian, Soule, Turuev
wood—25. ’ t-tiQer.
Nats.—Messrs Baldwin, Benton O-.j.
IsmaIiI Pass Phnou Pl..i-lr« Cof
- r Pr ' UorwiQ
FROfl NASHVILLE.
[correspondenceor the gkoroia telegraph.]
NASHVILLE. JUNE 8, 1850.
In these (leys of faltering, it is refreshing to
come in contact with independent journalists thnt
car. look danger in the eye. nud "without fsar of
the South” dare to announce boldly to her people
the truth. Fora few .lays here we have been prnt . c v the citizens ofalfthe States’
flooded with journal* that have gone clean over to
the enemy, or were still taking counsel as to
“where shall I go 1” and I assure you, parched up
and iruu-like as is this huge city of brick and mar
ble, it was this evening made to me a green spot
by the presence of this week’s Telegraph, and
‘-Columbus Times,”
I know tho warm and generous patriotism of tho
South as well as the very timid liuture or proper
ty are powerful motives to nerve up our assailants
in the bold attack they are now making ou the last
bulwarks of our existence; aud uuder the strate
gy of auch leader# aa Clay, Ritcbie and Foote, I
know it will be uo child’s play to blow up their
mines, and spike their guns; but with the invinci
bie weapons of justice and equality we may well
occupy our outworks without fear.
If tho bare preservation of tho Union could
maintain the present quiet and prosperity of our
peopleiu tbeir pursuits, nay, ii it could but half
do so, there might be some 6hnw of sense in laying
down peaceably under the weight of the burdens
sought to ba imposed on us—; but no auch result
can not follow the prostration of our rights,—the
Uuion bas uosuch miraculous conservatism—the
demolition of outrights is tho stump both of onr
infamy and misery. No people can either pros
trate or maiutain tbeir welfare while it is the pri
vilege of nn enemy at will to be the master spirit
of both her external and internal organization ;
and such, and no less, ia the degrading offer now
made na; for, not satisfied at hemming us in front
a just share in that extension uow to be given to
American Institutions on the shores of the I’acific,
they insultingly propose to begin tbo work of
ginaucipntiuu where ft has beeu maiutaiued firm
thoTuuuilation of tbe Government till uow: let us
uot be mistaken, from the right tu seta negro free
because he is carried to tbe Dist. of Columbia, it
is but oue step to set him free, because he is al
ready there, and but two because he is uot there
but istumewbere.
But it was my business in beginning this to
tbauk you for standing at once in line with those
that “fear not,” und giving you a word of the
progress” here.
Tho Committee have reported Mr. Campbell’s
resolutions, with some trifling modifications per
haps, and with it au address to the Slave States.
I hope to see the last resolution so altered as to
indicate plainly to the people that it is time they
were all up tbeir post. The address like tbe reso
lution* discusses tbe oggressiuus of Anti-Slavery,
but more iu detail; and especially exposes tbe
deformity of tho Committee of Compromise—
mid concludes with a recommendation to the
tilavo States to make this Convention full during
its adjournment: aud 1 suppose an adjournment
may bo certuiu, and likely to Georgia—Macon Is
spoken of, but I understand tbe members general-
ally indicate a location higher np, say Atlanta or
Marietta.
We have been requested not to send ont tho reso
lutions and reports as there are inaccuracies iu its
priming, but off to-morrow which isthe mail day
your way, and when it will be published I will
enclose you a copy if it can be duue properly.
said
Bright. Cass. Chase, Clarke,
Davis of Massachusetts Dayton, Dodza 7^. D '
cousin. Dodse ol Iowa, D»uslass Fetch ?
Hale. Hamlin, Jonea, Miller. ’ Norrii'
Shields, Smith. Sprnanre. Slnvenn' r'c* r< ^
Walker. Webster, and Whitcomb—3fl. ’
It will thus be seen, that upon thi, > me nd men .
which simply proposes to protect'the pa op!o
the slave-holding, us well as of the noDsl, T ^t ?!
ing States, in tboir rights of property of every d;
cription in these Territories, every Northern SvnitT
with the exception of Mr. Dickinson, of
York, virtually denies tbe right of the leg!,!,',™
proposed to bo organized, for these Territories hr
Mr. Clay's bill, to do so. - Truly, tha South h/,
cause to tbauk aud praise these northern friendi
bf •* compromise,” who have been exlollrd by th 8
Washington Uuion. and kindred priutn.as the rnott
reliable and best friends we have in Con-reu
We consider every man who voted agaiutt Mr*
Daria’ amendment, as effectually i a the nab, 0 f
the Free sutlers.
A 3Iotiuf uiu of Gold.
Tbe Pacific Nows uf 29th April has a very sin
gular article in relatieu to an alledged discovery of
a mountain composed entirely of gold and silver.
The first meutinn made of tbia roost -marvellous
■f Nature’* nrodactions. wet in a letter written to
the N. Y. Commercial Advertiser, which at tbe
time was thought to be a clever parody on tbo
wonderful accounts from California. Subsequent
ly a party of emigrants, fitted out lor a spot about
sixty miles east of Pueblo do loa Angeles, hav
ing beard of the existence of vast quantities of
gold in another diceotfon. changed tbeir destina
tion. We coutiuue with the relation given by the
News:
The route lay in a Northeast direction from tbe
plapeof departure, and full of difficulties. ^Stri
king the Mahahve river, they followed its course
some distance, crossing and recrossing as necessi
ty compelled, some day* as often as fifteen timet,
leaving it where it makes a bend to tbe southeast,
toward theColorado. into which it empties. Ob
stacle* were encountered at various parts of the
journey almost insnrniuiiutable, ill the i-hape ol
mountains ot rock which they had to climb, and
mountains of snow vvbirh they could not avoid .
narrow gorges through which they bad to pass,
nod still narrower cliti* along whose crests nothing
bnt a mule could pass with a prospect of safety,
and where the slightest mis-step would land rider
and all hundreds of feet below ; hut they poshed
on about 230 miles from the Pueblo, the point for
which they started. Here, among the eastern
spurs of the Sierra Neveda, they found the object
ol theirsearch—gold—and silver too; and in such
qualities as they had not dreamed of—a perfect
mountain of rocks with silver ami gold mingled
andcomingled in solid masses, weighing from one
The quartz proved to be exceed-
Tbe Voice of Xliasiisippl.
While Messrs. Foote and Walker, are endeavor
ing to manufacture public sentiment in ibe south
ern States, iu favor of Mr. Clay’s bill of surren.
der. by adoptiug the policy and petty tricks resor
ted to by Mrs. Jervis, MYIms'lIe Restelletidomne
ptneua. to bring their viilaniua* compounds tutu no
tice, the leading presses of tbeir own State, of both
parties,arc rebuking their course with d£cisiouaml
emphasis. The Holly Spring* Jqckaonian, says, the
Hon. R. J. Walker, ha* written a letter to Gen
Foote, endorsing the report of the Committee of
tt i'tecn. Gen. Foote has had it published, wo
suppose, for the purpose of influencing tbe people
of Mississippi. This cannot be done by any auch
letter*. A people that disregarded tbe censure of
ail the WHIGS. GAMBLERS, STOCK-JOB
BERS and FUND MONGERS in the world when
when called on to pay an 'unjust debt, will not be
COERCED. FLATTERED. OR COAXED into
the support of a report that is uotbing more no r
less than a capitulation to the ignorant fanaticsantf
abolitionists of the North. They will advocate
wbat it right, and oppose what it wrong, in spite
of ail tbe letters that Walker can write or speeches
that Foote can make for the next thirty years
They are not men worshippers, and this will be
fouud out by soma of our public men to their son
row. ' v , - •
The Vicksburg Sentinel, one of tbe ablest aod
most influential democratic journals in Mississippi,
makes the following remarks, with regard to the
position of the Senators froth tbat StateL “It will
be seen hy tbe Telegraphic reports from Washing
ton that our Senators are at variance in tbeir coarse
nn the slavery qnestion. We believe that General
A Sail-Picture,
The Norfolk Argus well aaf a that it is ia v»i n to
attempt to conceal tbe present poatnre of the a f
fairs of tho South. The sceptre has Uspa r! ,i
from Jndab, and from all appearances tha ffasth
may hereafter wield their power without challenge
from the children of J udnb. Instead of dematd
ing that security which tbo Coustitntion has pro
vided against oppression, the Sooth have yielded
their rights and interests to tbe moderation aud
justice of the majority. That is the very estenco
and definition of slavery. What a degraded poli.
tical condition, in which one portion of the Cou-
federacy, instead of reposing with confidence and
the consciousness of freemen upon the guaranties
of the great charter of our liberties, ie dependent
for the enjoy tnent of its most delicate rights upon
tbe clemeucy of a hostile interest I Such ii the
humiliating state of things wbirb at this tide ar.
tually exists. Our Northern foes confront us with
the acknowledgment of eternal hostility to them*
stitution of slavery. Those whom tha people
naturally look to as sentinels on the watch tower—
'nur political chiefs nt Washington—are dieplaying
the moat melancholy evidence of weakness aod in-
competency, exhibiting tbe must glaring examples
of tergiversation, abandoning without reaerveand
without consideration those sttro and stable foun
dations—those great principles nn which our got.
ernment alone can rest with safety. Wiib nhit
-ineffable delight must tbe freesoil faction at tha
North behold the angry desseutions in the Senate
ofthe United States, between coliragaes from
the Sontbern States in the- discussion of this sub
ject—controversies among .friends in the sugtist
councils:of tbe uiitinn, ’while tbe enemy is knock
ing at the gate—ijros.erpending the the treasons
of that moral force which arises from concerted
action. At home, so fnrfmm finding strength or
support, all endeavor* at a vigorous defence of our
rights are contradicted end controlled by our own
people, whose tame acquiescence under wrong, cr
whote sympathies are with the purposes of our
aggressors. What ia to prevent the. Sonth fmm
becoming victims or anrntistftutinnal usurpation
and object* for contumely and outrage so long is
they remain divided—divided npon the paltry ccm
cents of party politics—sad sacrificing their birth
right in tbeir eagerness to serve men! Thespirit
of onr ancestors has ceased to burn in onr Ixuomi.
and we are preparing for our children lbs heritage
of an inglorious vnsahUge.
Proposed New Description or"Railway-*
Mr. E. E. Merrnll. C, E., of Camberwell, in a
letter to tbe Railway suggests the con-
structiou ol a railway lietw’d'eijrL'md'it) and Lrvsr-
po-'l, mi a novel aud giguntiu scale, which putt ail
our present practical details of railway traveling
entirely in the shade, add even tbe broad gauge
is but a pigmy to li'spro|>osil)»)i). His plan is to
construct a single line of railway from London to
Liverpool, with a twenty feet gange, without
turnings, sidings or crossing*, except at the two
termini, and a passing place in the centre, aud no
curve to be less than four miles radios- Tbs
rails tu be nf suitable thickness, laid on transverts
ninl Innsitudinal sleepers, on which only one car
riage is to travel at one time ; this carriage it to
b 200 feet long. 25 fret wide, and 15 feet high,
o . ten wheels, two in the centre and four at each
end ; the lower part, between the wheels to ba
Foote ia misrepresenting the feelings and wishes of | . oust uletl similar to the hold ofa ship, aud ap-
Extraordinary Marriage.—A Mr. Hopkins
of Lowdea county, Mias., aged 56, recsntly mar
ried a Mist Mathews, aged abont 35.
Wbat renders this alliance ao extraordinary is,
tbat both parties are ao afflicted with Rheumatism
that neither have walked a step for 25 years, and
tbe bride is unable to dress or nndress herself.—
Tbe reoson assigned by Mr, H. for marrying Miss
M., is, “that aomo two years ago he married a wo
man tbat could walk, end she ran off with a stage
driver, and ho wanted a wife tbat be was certain
couldn’t get off."
Growth or Louisville, Kentucky.—'Tbo pop.
nlalion of tbe city is sat dowu at 50.000—abont
two-third* tbe amount of St. Louis. In 1840 the
population of Louisville was 20,000—showing an
increase since that year of 150 per cent. Every
branch of business is represented to ba flouriah-
ing. 1
_ to many tuns. ^
stolen from us, at they frequently are, in the night; | ’‘’S'y hard, to snch n. decree that, dot ing their
how are we Ui“roakeprool” tbet ho haa run oli', short stay, all their implements, raado lor this
or been stolen, and that he ia nut dead, aud yet. : particular purpose before starting, were com-
more, that he has “escaped iuto another Stale,” I pietely worn out in the operation of drilling and
until wo find nut where he'is? And iberi bow blasting.„
can we prove it, except by ilia oath of the matter, ! strangest part of the whole discovery ia yet
who alone can testify that he did not give him to be told. Tlieae large boulder* of gold, silver
permission to go? Thi#wJiole provision is hh un- ' n . H “ Quartz have tho gold iu the south end and tho
warrantable obstruction to the recovery ot our stiver in the north end* No exceptions were found
property. Then, as to tbe trial by jury. Why ’ n their examination, the silver being tho most a-
•bcnld Congress dndertako to interlere in this ' bundantof the two. In the person who was on
matter? Every mao ia entitled to the benefit of; the spot, “there issilver enough there to sink every
the writ of habeas corpu*. Aud in Virginia if any ; *h'P in tho harbor.
person, held as a slave, shall complain to a msgis- j Possibly somo may look upon this account as a
trato that ho is illegally held, a warrant is issued j'^b and so far as the practicability of putting tba
agaiust the master, and he ia compelled to give discovery to any u.ent present is concerned, it ia
bond, with security, in double the value of the J *°* All the water to he found for miles and miles
slave, to have biin forthcoming at the next supe- I ar °ui>d is highly impregnated with salt or saiara-
rior court, and allow hint a trial, when tbe court or both. Not a singlo drop of water free
is bound to assign him counsel, who is bound, from ono or the other of these properties did one
without “fee or reward.” to take charge of his , of tha parly obtain during the ten day* of thair
case; and if. upon themerestatement of the esse, J * 1 ®y The whole region is a perfect waste, and
the counsel shall certify that there ia probable ' oiaeaae and death must inevitably follow any pro-
-■ 1— • •*-*--» — * ' 1 ! — longed stay. On their return they met a large
company going to tho same spot. A true statement
df the difficulties and dangers of a further prose
cation of the expedition induced about two huu
dred to turn back—fifty went on.
Tho gentleman named, from whom these facta
have been obtained, is now in this city, with spe
cimens in his possession, brought from the mother
mountain. They are themost singular and beauti
ful we have ever seen, aud one need only se. them,
nd hear him, to be convinced that nothing has
right in the slave, be is entitled to a trial by jury,
unless be shall deem thecnmplaint frivolous, not
withstanding thecertificateof counsel, which is ne
ver the case. What more then this is wanting?—and
why ahonld Congress undertake tu legislate npon
this subject? Has it a right, under the constiiu-.
lion, to do more than require trim to be tried by
tbe laws of tbe State from which be fled ? If it
has has, may it not destroy our tenure, or at least
harm** na very much by requiring a particular
quantum of proof to establish tbe title ? •
ACalculation.—In the late census act, tbe
nnmbor of mile* travelled over by Assistant
Marshals, is to be calculated as follows :
been told but the troth.
Rich,—The Lawrence family of Boston are a-
boni to publish all tbe family correspondence
■Multiply the square root of the nomber of I S rowin 6 0,,t of lhe woomg, wedding and bedding
hocsea visited, by tbe square root of tbe area in
square miles of the District.”
Will any of onr mathematical friend* analyze
this rule, so aa to demonstrate its rationale.
of their hopeful son and Miss Sallie Ward, tbe
belle of Louisville. Harry it up! the Forrest
correspondence has grown stale and pruriency is
whetting its sppetiteimpa'.iantly for another meal.
the people of this State, as expressed iu Conven
tion, aud the Legislature, in bis eagerness to cou-
vey away tbeir rights for tbe sake of empty “com
promise,” to lead ouly to fresh concessions at a fu.
tore day, aud that not distant.. We weigh well
our words wheu we say tbat some of tbe Senators
best frieuds have been surprised aud mortified nt
bis recent course in tbe Senate. An eagerness to
“compromise” away onr right* ia not tbo way to
maintain them.
When we come to review the report of this
“committee of thirteen,” (as we shall in a few
day*,) we will have mure to say on tbe subject—
meantime we shall receive tbe full report of the
debate to which we have referred. We deeply
regret that any variance, however slight, should
have arisen between Mississippi's delegation to
Congress, on a question ao vital. We remember
that Gen. Foote signed the letter to tbe Governor
in January, declariug the admission of California,
under the miserable batched up farce enacted
there, equivalent, to ail intents, to the ndopliuu of
the “ Wilmot Proviso.” He subsequenly assailed
their “ Convention.” and showed that it was con
ceived in iniquity, and practiced a fraud. How,
then,dues he reconcile bis present courso wiib so
recent professions ? We remind him, in nil kind
ness, tbat the eyes uf bis constituents are on him
and that tbeir most Altai rights arc at issue in the
questions pending.
Tbe Vicksburg Sentinel of tbo Ctb, uses tbe
following language iu reference to tho recent
course of Seuator Foote:
“The Yazoo Democrat, tbe Misaissippian, tbe
Free Trader, tbo Mississipi Democrat, and all the
other Democratic papers of the State, so far as
we bare seen, speak in most decided and unequi
vocal terms of condemnation of the course of
Senator Foote. To say nothing of tho glariugin-
cousiitency he lias shown, we charge that be is
acting in utter and wilful violation of the senti
ments and feelings of the people of Mississippi
ns expressed by public meetings, by the State
Convention, by tbe press and by tho Legislature,
on a question involving her most vital rights and
interests. He is at variance with all his colleagues
from this State—with all tbe Senators and Repre
sentatives from the South, except such as John
Bell, Houston, Clay, and the like. He is support
ing a scheme of settlement far more odious than
that urged by Benton, and Taylor’s administra/
tratiou, for whilo they advocate the immolate ad
mission of California (granted by Clay’s bill.) they
do not at the same time exclude the South, as that
bill does, from everything else. The Senator’s
course opto the inception ol this mirerable scheme,
had won-the admiration of many who opposed his
election. But we tell him in all sincerity, that his
recent conduct has raised an irrepressible feeling
of indignation against him throughout tbo Slate.
In the same spirit of sincerity, wu beg him to pause,
retrace his steps, and cut loose from the insidious-
flatterers and advisers who have bewildered him in
to measures at variance with his own recent course,
and destructive to the dearest interests of tbe
people who have confided io and bon-irad him.”
propnatfd to luggage, of which a liberal quantity
>• to be allowed each passenger. The upper part
of'hr carriage to contain a Tubby, at about tha
ii id-Jle. from which a door leads into a grand
sa!o<n. fitted up with ail possible elegance, similur
t the state room of a ship, witb a staircase lead
ing to the roof, which -is to be a grand promenade
with a light, but strong railing round it, say Svs
feet high, resembling the deck of a large steam
ship; ou the other side of the lobby is to be a
relie.-hmeut room, where refreshment room,
where refreshments of all kiuds are to bo supplied
at moderate rate's, with a small office parted af,
where a ticket clerk takes mouey instead cfat the
stations. Next is a Indies' room, fitted up with
similar elegance to iho saloon, and beyond this
another largeapartment, wiih beuches aud tah'es
f r the lower class faros. This mamoth vrbicls
is to he propelled by a locomotive of corresponding
power, capable of carrying fuel ami water for jtbt
whole journay. which fa to bo performed in tatr
hours. For carriage* to travel each way per dsy»
starting from both termini at the some hW
passing each other at the turnout in the roidal*.
and the fares to he one penny and two-pence pef
mile (nr tbe first aud sosoud class passengers t*‘*
| actively. One or two guards will j>® stationed
■>nthe roof, to see all safe, manage signals, As-'
and the propnnuder thinks that iho enormous
saving in engines and carriages, and clerks, sna
porters at stations, which are to be merely P'.* '
forms fur passengers to stop on or from, will .nt*
duce captalut* to find the money for forming
such a passenger line, the existing lines being re
tained for merely luggage train.—Mina'S j0 ' a '
- . Rtmiuiloa Bridge,
The bridge which Mr. Remington has been
building in this city, and which has excited m uc -
curfosify aod speculation, was coropistcJ on
Saturday nnd the acuffuld ing knocked away, under
the direction of Mr. Remington, in tbe prasenc®
a large concoursa of people aud among 'h® 41
many doubting Thomases. The result was z 00 **
triumphant for tbe inventor.
The beautiful strnctnre, apparently too •rejpJJ*
to sustain its own weight, proved *11 tbat has “
claimed for it. It was immediately put to ta
severest test. Hud red a of people paaaed over™
and it was conceded by the most sceptical tbs
oulil stand and snswer all practical porpo* *
The bridge, which tt a little distance resemcel*
slight ribbon or shaving of wood axteoded o v *
ravine beneolh, four or five hundred feet iul* D S
though looking aa if it would not bear tbe Pf*
ure of a bird, is found to endure immense watg® •
in fact, it appears, all that can couve
placed upon it. It is without hand rails. 436 •
r.pan, 10 feet wide. The planks, which are »*
abutments about six inches thick, fine a**7
each end towards the centre, to about one , “ cn ‘
an inch nnd a halt, and are firmly joined by
impervious cement, tbe invention of Mr. **#> 6
ton. The principle is regarded as eminently •
cessfnl and in all sections where Inmheris a
of momeut, must prove of incalculable value.
* t ll. Hi ll/e
EF* A Census of Boston is now needy com
pleted, and the Boston papers are very much >*
appointed at its re*u!st. Tbe poptila'rcn wi.l
roach 140,90.')