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13V JOSEPH CUSBY
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T l,c Bond Street Murder.
* And withered murder
bv his sentinel, tlie wolf,
howl’s his wntch, thus with a stcaltliy
toVardshisdesiRn
^veilikceCliost-
r the first lime in this paper we arc rc-
•1 to record a deed, which though not reg-
r 5 1 iitlin the scope of our task, is of such
rjnount and fearful interest, that all tasks
Harder h** been committed in one of our
tic streets, upon a man of wealth, and
r-noirn in Ids profession, which is attended
^‘stances of such special horror, that
■ f arrested the attention of the entire cotn-
, 0 {he exclusion of all other topics.
"rider ordinary circumstances, the mere
1 .. away of a human life is not a circum-
i “to command prolonged regard, nay,
[-tic death of thousands by flood or fatn-
[ "fi"or sword, or other natural or over
turnin'* cause, is not a calamity which can
* than comparatively affect the seasoned
1rlfish imagination of mankind ; but cap-
r.i lifehy dark and bloody means; sur-
r,’,. s in4c corpse with signs of mid-night
[ Mdcr and let the manner of the crime leave
Lntc'ry around the deed, and you inflict an
t-i upon every heart, and send half the
ftmnnity shuddering to their beds-. An un-
i doable terror is in the air; a hideous shail-
Uj«rs your footsteps, envelopes your form,
I j.° 0VC r every shoulder, and by its cold
Lsencc penetrates your very marrow, with
I dear that a like danger continually over-
yourself.
In another department of our paper wo
ne riven, iu brief, the main details of the
; isination of Dr. Harvey Uurdell. By
s-, it appears that, while in his own house,
,1 in his own room, he was assailed by mur-
Cun, who, failing to strangle him avith a
E nl. dispatched him with a knife, and left him
Eith his head toward the doo£—toward which
[. had evidently strained for an escape—dead,
Vjj weltering in his blood. The body was
[uoplctely dressed, ns if the deceased had just
Uai 1 in and the fact that nothing was taken
i the person, proves that the crime was not
xtrated bv robbers, or for the purposes of
Liicdiate gain. What, then, was it done for?
uj who had any motive to put the unfortu-
liii man to death ? Who was in the house ?
L on people; and from the testimony taken,
t is fair to presume that among them laid the
riot. These seven persons were the lady of
I the house, Mrs. Emma Cunningham and
to grown daughters, Helen and Augusta; a
lr Eckel, who seems to have been the para
ng of Mrs. C., a Mr Snodgrass, a mere boy
If nineteen, who seems to have been the lover
I Miss Helen: the servant Hannah, and the
|>n. Daniel Ulman, whom we mention last,
she merely occasionally occupied a room on
lie third floor and was not properly one of the
jatlj.
I Now, who is Mrs. Cunningham ? A wo-
|ue, to say the least, of very questionable
[patation. who succeeded in ingratiating hcr-
ti with Dr. llurdell, and in obtaining from
in a lease of his house at a very easy rate.—
Ivn after her domestication on his premises,
Lrcvcr, she takes into her family a Mr. Eck-
l between whom and herself, an intimacy of
r unmistskcsble character grows up. Their
jwpiiig rooms connect, and the lady never
[roots cither of her daughters to be her night
spunon. The Doctor notices this state of
ings. and not only at once changes his de-
euior towards the lady, but with drawsfrom
I r table, and takes his meals at the Metropo
lian hotel. He is not only jealous of Eckel,
j.thc is afraid of him. Nay, ho expresses
»< far of both, to two or three persons, and
p no pretence will he taste food or touch
pak in the house. Under this state of things,
t has frequent casual disputes cr quarrels
[ith Mrs. Cunningham, and among other
' ajs. accuses her of plundering his safe of
nable papers to wit: an evidence of debt
piast nersclf, of several hundred dollars.—
* he is free in making this charge against
t, she commences suit against him laying
r damages at $10,000, but this dispute is
'promised without goinginto Court, and the
p tor gives her a bond, guaranteeing the
•esc to her till the following June, and binil-
I; himself not to injure or interfere with her
pun. This is the state of things iu the house,
[o. 31 Bond-street, on the afternoon of Fri-
PJ. the IWth of January.
I At five o’clock on that afternoon, Airs. Cun-
veum says she saw the Doctor go out. She
'.n the evening at home with her daught-
rs. Mr. Eckel, and Mr. Snodgrass. At half
id nine, the two daughters retired to their
l ’-is on the fourth floor; and Mr. Snodgrass,
r tr ?*' n B to the cellar for a pitcher of wa-
f, retired to his. At ten o’clock Mrs. Cun-
accompanied by Mr. Eckel, went to
U>ii’ an ^ or( l® rc d the servant Hannah
r . oc;wien ten and eleven, she says, she
f, from Eckel; and, a few minutes after
tv’,*® 0 ' |o his door, and handed him a note,
J-i Lad been left for him that evening.—
■'bnnga matters down till nearly eleven
c, ’»*.??’ / ronl " iat time, none of the iu-
I ‘ f. ?' *“ Bond-street were disturbed by
hs ightMt noise. A neighbor on the oppo-
■I , 1Ue toe street, however, at a quarter of
I ,‘ ho ,ram P of feet, and tlic cry of
f JiMdcr!’’ repeated twice, in a half-stifled
6- n I’O' 10 *® seemed,hetaid,too>mcfrom
l'.J-j s * 10usc > and he hurried to the
L and looked over the way. But
L. hf 0 j c . casct b and judging bis car to
, cn ’hceiven by some street affray, he
LI,' bad went to bed. Two other neigh-
L ., ' 10 sm ®M ^nrning woolen at
1 !„ through that rough and gusty night.
Jtfiin,w ra0roi ,VS at half-past eight o’clock,
£ r J was discovered by the Doctor’s oflicc
Krj' (< 19 . on , ce pave the alarm to t lie family,
fcl if„. n i Uln . atn ’ on hearing the news, wept
•irsti i 6 1 ia,r ’ hut Bhe did not go down
a ' fhc corpse. Mr. Snodgrass
inut.,; W 8,cian * and Mr. Ullman came
l^lj. ’ hut Mr. Eckel, in answer, as it
tit S Ca V^ 1,10 note left for him on the
1? B°no out before breakfast, a
Uly ,i ho had never done befofe. l’rcs-
k.,, j-oroner and cfiicers came, took
krth, r,- 1 ?. “Ouae, and made a tliorough
rtearl, "OCtov’s body, in addition to
pai'i» u he hgature,Jthat was internl- l t..
Found* y c I°, ^ f,cen deeply incised
of which had severed the ca
lf. on, v:, |-i u 'ho neck, and in one broad gush
lf:tly s : . e * .'ho blood spirted on tin- wall
* tinnier ^ ^ r*’ 1 an .^ "Mist have drenched
'•hem■i 1 « rs ' ' cr 'heir dripping skirls track-
Jttt f^'-or they went. Marks.,f bio..<1
iMehe, i„ ! n , adjoining elorct where the
h‘ce 9 enf l ,| WaEl,c<1 'heir hands, and from
r stair., 16 warder, the blood was trac*
P jrf -rooi n r ° '°nrth story, in a soit of
l T **antnJH• ^ Rothes; from thence into
t'uobofn ,n 1 ^ ront . There was blood on
Iherc «•>, i,. ie , r ’ niu ' ln s pota on the floor.
•Tin »k,.i r . e ’ a '*°t n grate partially burnt
«t, 0 f| jnr 'here seemed to bo somefrng-
^ ^ have 1„. > C< ^ w °?'on,_ and the fire appear-
ft on it .. n oxtingnishcd by pouring wa-
[flii «n,. r° njantelpcicc was covered with
^heeicnTM.* 1 ? 1105- 't he blood on tlm floor
tvti. p. , ear efa!ly with drops e.' sper-
I drln.,;,^" 1 * 110 four ‘h story to the basement
iKdiaij,, ? Stwninnta had made their way
I ' * r water.) and the basement door
flifit 'he assassins liad cither
^‘^P<SriIy 0r < S ened U ‘° 1Ct 0nC ° r
VOL. XXXI.
MACON, TUESDAY MORNING, FEBRUARY 17, 1857.
•NO. 29.
AovERTirFMr.sTS at the regular chargo will be One
Dollar per square of 10 lina or less, for the first in-
tion, and Pif'st Cents for each subsequent insor-
n. AH advertisements not specified as to tirtio.
will bu published until forbid and charged accord
ingly
Okituauy Notices not exceeding ten lines, will
be published gratis ; but cash at the n-.te of One Dol
lar for every ten manuscript incs exceeding tlmt
number, must accompany all longer notices, or thoy
will bo cut short.
EypTIio TEr.Ecr.Arn goes to press at 3 o’clock,
Monday Evenings. Advertisers will oblige by band
ing in their favors, as early ns Saturday, if possible.
These were the signs of the crime; and on
tins basis the Coroner began his investigation.
In turn, Mrs. Cunningham, the servant Han
na i, . Ir. Eckel, and Snodgrass testified that
they hail heard no noise that night ; and Mrs. C-.
after giving in her main testimony, produced
a certificate of marriage, dated 28th of Octo
ber, made between her and Dr. Burdcll, by
the Rev. Uriah Marvine. Dr. Marvine, on
being called, however, did not clearly identi-
fytlie body as that of the man who married
Mrs. U, and tlic servant of Mr. M., who saw
the ceremony, was likewise not positive in the
matter; b}!Ii thought the man wore larger
whiskers and looked differently, and an im
pression was thus left on tie public mind that
EJckel had personated Dr. Burdcll,' and that
the plan was to put him to death at the first
convenient opportunity, in order that Mrs. C.,
as his widow, might fall into possession of his
property. This hypothesis seems to bo
strengthened by the fact that the Doctor
took receipts from Mrs. Cm subsequent to the
date of making her his wife; and the presump
tion of Eckel’s guilt and complicity with lier,
is also further strengthened, by the finding in
his dressing-case the very papers which the
Doctor had accused Mrs. C. of stealing from
his safe.
This is the scope and picture of the evi
dence, and wo do not hesitate to say that evc-
ery atom of it points with fearful distinctness
to Mrs Cunningham and Eckel as the perpe
trators of the crime. Burdc'l was killed within
the walls of that house, by parties who knew
the road to every vacant room, and fifteen
minutes before eleven was the time when ’tlic
horror was performed. Mrs. C. and Eckel
arc proven to have been about the house till
nearly or quite that time, and j’ct never heard
the scuffle, nor the fearful cries which reached
the ears of a neighbor over the way.
There is no need of stifling our thoughts any
longer in this business. The whole commu
nity have agreed upon a verdict, and every
mind unites to charge the horrid act upon this
wretched woman and her paramour. Our
judgement goes the same way; and if wo had
space, we could fortify that view with many
little proofs, which, thus far, seem to have
been overlooked. Our theory of the crime,
however, is, that the iutention to take the life
of Doctor Burdcll had long been determined
on by Mrs. Cunningham and Eekcl, and that
poison would have been the means, had not
the Doctor wisely refused to cat or drink in
the house. Finally, that Friday night was
fixed upon for his dispatch ; that after sending
the family to bed, the two murderers beard
him come in, and either sprang upon him from
some concealed recess in his room, or entered
while he was seated reading his chair. The
first attempt was to strangle him, with the
view, doubtless, of hanging up his body, as
that of a suicide, but failing to dispatch him iu
that way, in consequence of the desperate
struggle which be made for his life, they were
obliged to attack him with the knife. The desper
ation of his efforts to escape, may be seen by
his {jetting so near the door, but as he stretch
ed his arms to reach the knob, he received the
blow that let out all his life, and left them at
liberty, smoking with murder os they were, to
exchange a mutual glance of horror, and shud
der at each other.
We say, that in common with tho entire
public, we believe that the stained and drip
ping miscriauts who thus stood over the mur
dered body of Harvey Burdcll, oil that horrid
Friday night were Mrs. Emma A. Cunning
ham and John A. Eckel. If we are wrong may
heaven forgive us for the thought!
Railroad to Eufanla.
Tho Eufaula Spirit of the South gives way
to very excusable glorification over the sub
scription of $325,0U0 by the people of Bar-
hour county, Ala., to secure the extension of
the Southwestern (Ga.) Railroad to Eufaula.
Quoth the editor.
Tlic good sense, industry, enterprise and
liberality of our worthy citizcus have sur
mounted all obstacles, auil secured for them
selves and posterity the incalculable benefits
of this important enterprise. Wo live in tho
centre of the great cotton region, surrounded
by an abundance of rich lands, with health,
fine water and pleasant country, populated by
a great people—fall of enterprise, sense, hos
pitality and all the true elements of manhood.
With such a country and such people, who can
be too extravagant iu prediction or unreason
able in expectation ?
And then what a location is Eufaula for a
city. Situated on a bluff one hundred and fif
ty feet high, overlooking the valley of the
Chattahoochee for miles in Georgia—with a
perfect level >f about one mile sqare—high,
dry, fine watcr und uninterrupted health—with
a population distinguished for morality, sobri
ety, intelligence and general soundness. No
man can cast his lot iu a better land or among
a better people. Wo throw opcu our doors to
receive you; como and do it speedily; you
may be crowded out, for wc anticipate a gen
al rush.
So it seems that subscriptions have been
raised within a few weeks, adequate to sccuro
tho extension of the Southwestern Road—from
Sumpter City first to Cuthbert, in Randolph
county, and thence to Eufaula, on the one hand,
and to Fort Gaines on the other. Cuthbert
being the point at which the branches arc
thrown off. These extensions will add about
seventy-five miles to tho Georgia Railroads
The board of Direction of the Southwestern
Company will meet the parties representing
the subscriptions above referred to, iu Macon,
to-morrow. We presume that steps will bo
taken for on early commencement of the work.
Georgian of Wednesday.
Riparian Proprietors.
A controversy arose sometime ago between
the State and the riparian proprietors on Luke
Jackson. The matter in dispute was as fol
lows :
Since the sale of tho lands by tlio Govcm-
nienc bordering on tho Lake, the waters have
receded, leaving a considerable margin in
some pi sees between the present and original
lino of tho water’s edge. These lands were
the subject matter in dispntc. The State con
tended that they belonged to the United States,
and directed her agent to survey and locate
them for tho benefit of the State, under the
act of Congress, donating the swamp lands.
The adjacent proprietors protested against
this, and the matter was referred to the Com
missioner of the U. S. Land Office at Wash
ington. The Commissioner, we learn, h:is de
cided in favor of the riparian proprietors.—
The United States having parted with their
title to tho water’s edge, lay no claim to tho
lands in question. Tho adjoining owners on
cither side, according to the decision of the
Commissioner, arc entitled to tho soil or bed
of the Lake to the thread or central line of
the stream. Some of the proprietors have se
cured by this decision from 500 to 1000 acres
of land, a portion of which is very valuable.
Should the lake go dry, they will gain thou
sands of acrc3.—'J’allahassec Sentinel.
From Washington.
Washington, Feb. 10th.—The Senate ro
ferred the credentials of Mr. Fitch, Senator
elect from Indiana, together with the protest
of a portion of the Legislature of that State,
to a committee.
The House tabled the hill for establishing
Collection Districts, and referred the Subma
l ine Telegraph bill to the Committee on the
Post Oflicc.
A marvelous Conjurer.
The Russians have long exhibited a remark
able taste for juggling and all that smacks of
the marvellous. Conjurors, professors of nat
ural magic, ventriloquists and tlic entire race
of mountebanks, who in France and England
astonish the gaping crowds at races and coun
try fairs, ever find a ready welcome and liber
al encouragement among tho higher classes in
the Russian cities. About the beginning of
the present ccntnry, a species of Cagliostro, or
rather a snperior kind of Wizard of the North,
made his appearance at St. Petersburg, and
astonished the nntives by his marvellous per-
formanccs. His name was Pimctti, and his
fame is yet retained in the memory of those
who witnessed his unrivalled talents.
The Czar Alexander, having heard Pirnetti
much spoken of, was desirous of seeing him,
and one day it was announced to tho conjuuror
that he would have tho honor of giving a rep
resentation of his magical powers at court, the
hour fixed for him to make his appearance be
ing seven o’clock. A brilliant and numerous
assembly of ladies and courtiers, presided over
by the czar, had met, but the conjuror was
absent. Surprised and displeased the czar pull
ed out bis watch, which indicated five minutes
after seven.. Pirnetti bad not only failed in
being.in waiting, but he bad caused the court
to wait, and Alexander was not more patient
than Louis XIV. A quarter of an hour pass
ed, half an hour, and no Pimctti 1 Messen
gers who had been sent in search for him, re
turned unsuccessful. The anger of the Czar,
with difficulty restrained, displayed itself in
threatening exclamations. At length, after
the lapse of an hour the door of the saloon
opened, and the gentleman of the chamber an
nounced Piructti, who presented himself with
a calm front and the serenity of one who had
nothing to reproach himself with. The Czar
however was greatly displeased; but Pirnetti
assumed an air of astonishment, and replied
with the greatest • coolness, “ Did not your
majesty commend my presence at seven o’clock
precisely?”
“Just so!” exclaimed tlic Czar at the height
of exasperation.
“ Well, then,” said Pimctti, “let yonr ma
jesty deign to look at your watch, and you
will perceive that I am exact, and that it is just
seven o’clock.”
Tho Czar pulling ont his watch violently in
order to confound what he considered a down
right piece of insolence, was completely amaz
ed. The watch marked seven o’clock! He
looked at the clock of the saloon which liad
been twenty times consulted during the space
that assembly were kept waiting; the clock al
so marked and struck seven o’clock! Iu turn
the courtiers drew out their watches, which
were found as usual exactly regulated by that
of their sovereign. Seven o’clock ! indicated
with a common accord all tho clocks and
watches of the palace. Tlic art of the magi
cian was at once manifested iu this strange re
trogression in tho march of time. To anger
succeeded astonishment and admiration. Per
ceiving that the Czar smiled, Pirnetti thus ad
dressed him : “Your majesty will pardon me.
It was by tho performance of this trick that I
was desirous of making my first appearance
beforo you. But I know how precious truth
is at conrt; it is at least necessary that yottr
watch should tell it to you, sire. If yon con
sult it now you will find that it marks the real
time.’
The Czar once more drew forth his watch—
it pointed to a few minutes past eight—the
same ratification had taken place in all the
watches of those present and in the clocks of
the palace. This exploit was followed by oth
ers equally amusing and surprising. At the
«losc of tlic performances, the Czar, after hav
ing complimented Pirnetti, brought back to his
remembrance that, in tlic course of the even
ing’s amusements, he bad declared that such
was the power of his art that he could pene
trate everywhere.
“ Yes, sire, everywhere,” replied the conju
ror, with modest assurance.
What 1” exclaimed the Czar, “ could you
penetrate even into this palace, were I to or
der all the doors to be closed and guarded? ”
“Into this palace, sir, or even into the apart
ment of your majesty, quite as easily as I should
enter my own house,” said Pirnetti.
Well, then,” said the Czar, “at mid-day
to-morrow I shall have ready in my closet the
price of this evening’s amusement—one thou
sand roubles. Come and fetch them. But I
forewarn you that the doors shall be carefully
closed and guarded.”
“ To morrow at mid-day I shall have the
honor of presenting myself beforo your majes
ty,” replied Pirnetti,who bowed and withdrew.
Two gentlemen of the household followed
the conjuror to make sure he quitted the pal
ace, they accompanied him to his lodgings, and
a number of the police surrounded the dwell
ing from the moment lie entered it. The pal
ace was instantly closed, with positive orders
not to suffer, under any pretext whatever, any
one to enter, were he prince or valet, until
the Czar himself should command the doors to
be opened. These orders were strictly en
forced,—confidential persons having watched
their execution. The exterior openings to the
palace were guarded by the soldiery. All the
approaches to the imperial apartments were
protected by high dignitaries, whom a simple
professor of the art of legerdemain possessed
no means of bribing, ln short, for greater
security, all the keys had been carried iuto the
imperial cabinet. A few moments previous to
hour fixed for Pirnetti’s interview with the
Czar, tlic chamberlain on service brought to
his majesty a despatch which a messenger had
handed him through an opening in tho door.
It was a report from the minister of police that
Pirnetti bad not left home.
“Aha! he has found out that the undertak
ing is impracticable, and lie has abandoned it,”
observed the Czar with a smile.
Twelve o’clock sounded. While tho last
stroke yet reverberated, the door which com
municated from the bed-room of the Czar to
the cabinet opened, and Pimctti appeared
The Czar drew back a couple of paces, his
brow darkened, and after a momentary silence,
while fixing a suspicious look on Pimctti, he
said, “are you aware that you may become a
very dangerous individual ?” •
‘t^es, sire,” lie replied, “I am only an hum
ble conjuror, with no ambition tlmu that of a
musing your majesty.”
“Here,” said the Czar, “are the thousand
roubles for last night, and a thousand more for
this day’s visit.”
Pirnetti.- in offering his thanks, was inter
rupted by tho Czar, who with a thoughtful air
inquired of him, “Do you count on yet remain
ing some time in St. Petersburg?”
“ Sire,” bo replied, “I intend setting off this
week unless your majesty orders a prolonga
tion of my sojourn.”
“No,” hastily observed the Czar. “ it is not
my intention to detain you; and moreover,”
he continued with a smile. “I should vainly
endeavor to keep you against your will. You
know how to leave St. Petersburg as easily as
you have found your way into this palace.”
“ I could do so, sire,” said Pernetti, “ but
far from wishing to quit St. Petersburg stealth
ily or mysteriously, I am desirous of quitting
it iu the most public manner possible, by_ giv
ing to the inhabitants of your capital a striking
example of my magical powers.”
Pirnetti could not leave like an ordinary
mortal; it was neccessary that lie should crown
his success in the Russian capital by something
surpassing his previous efforts; therefore, on
tho evening preceding the day fixed for his
departure, lie announced that he should leave
St. Petersburg the following day at ten o’clock
in tlic morning, and that he should quit by
all tlic city gates at the same moment, Pub
lic curiosity was excited tho highest degree
by this announcement. St. Petersburg at that
time had fifteen gates, which were encompass
ed by a multitude eager to witness this mar
vellous departure.
Tho spectators at these various gales all de
clared that at ten o’clock precisely, Pirnetti,
whom they all perfectly recognized, passed
through. “ He walked at a slow pace, and
with head erect, in order to be better seen,”
said they, “and ho bade us adieu in a clear and
audible voice.” These unanimous testimonies
were confirmed by the written declaration of
the officers placed at every gate to inspect the
passports of travellers. The inspection of Pir
netti’s passports was inscribed in the fifteen
registers. Where is the wizard, whether com
ing from the north or south, who could in these
degenerate days perform so astonishing an ex
ploit ?
Cuban Sugar Plantation.
A correspondent of the Syracuse Courier
gives the following interesting account of one
of the largest sugar plantations in Cuba:
“This estate is very properly called the
‘Flor de Cubas,’ (Flower of Cuba.) There
arc other estates as large and larger, bat none
that have such perfect machinery, and which
have laid out so much money for that, and on
buildings. There are about 1,000 acres of
land, nearly three-quarters of which arc under
cultivation with sugar canc, tlic balance be
ing devoted to grazing and tl.e plantain fields.
The product of this estate, of course, varies
with different years ; thus, last year, owing
to the rains, they could not cut all their cane
and it fell short, but its present average crop is
10,000 boxes and 1,000 hogsheads of sugar,
and its gross income at present prices will be
from $820,000 to $350,000. Of this enormous
sum about one-half is absorbed by interest on
its debt and by its annual expenses. There
are G50 hands—350 negroes and 250 Chinese.
The rest arc overseers, enrtmen, coopers, en
gineers, &c, There arc 80 ox carts for draw
ing the car.c to tho mill, and 500 oxen, four
being used to every cart, and they are reliev
ed twice a day. There are many buildings in
this village, for it is almost like one. Besides
the sugar house, there is the dwelling houses,
for the owner and for the overseers, the drying
houses, the hospital, the baracoons for the
slaves, and even a nursery for the children of
the slaves.
‘The sugar-house here is the principal at
traction, and it is an enormous affair. It is all
one floor and covered by a single roof, and its
interior is some what similar to that of some of
our large sugar refineries in New York. There
are two large rolling mills for crushing the
canc, each with three rollers six feet long, and
placed on the top of two, the cane feeding it
self and passing under one and over tlic other
two rollers, it comes out squeezed almost dry,
and as flat as a sheet of paper, the juice runs
down into troughs. These rollers are set very
close, within an eighth of an inch of each ot her,
aud the pressure is.enormous. To drive these
rollers there is an engine of fifty horse power.
The juice-then is'earried by primps'to a set of
fourteen kettles, where by steam it is condens
ed, and then it runs through a body of carbon
or burnt bone in another set of cisterns; it is
then carried to a vacuum pan, where it is evap
orated, then over a set of copper pipes for con
densation, again through the charcoal for de
coloring, then into a va.uum pan, where it is
boiled to a crystalizing point. It is then car
ried off to another part of the bnilding, and by
copper ladles is emptied into the sugar moulds,
holding about sixty pounds each, whe^in an
other day it is ready for claying. This process
is only followed where it is intended to make
box sugar, which is always clayed, while that
packed in hogsheads is called muscovado, aud
is packed into tjie casks in a green state, where
it is then allowed to purge itself for fifteen or
twenty days, and is then ready for shipment.
“On this estate they makc-mostly clayed or
box sugar, and the process of claying is this.
The moulds containing the green sugar are
placed on a long floor in a room holding from
800 to 1,000 moulds; the point of the mould is
below the level of the floor, which is made with
square holes for their support; after the sugar
has set in the moulds the plug at the bottom is
taken out, and ou the base or upper flat sur
face of the sugar is placed a quantity of black
pasty clay, which has the property of distri
buting the water very equally through it.
This clay is wet and tho water filters slowly
through the body of the sugar, carrying with
it all color and lcaviug the base of the cone
perfectly white. This process is repeated
several times and the sugar is kept in this
house for about twenty days, It is then turn
ed out of the moulds into large open, flat,
wooden trays, and the different layers or strata
of sugar is divided by a negro with a large
cleaver into white, brown and yellow, that
nearest the point is still colored with molasses
and not very dry. These several classes arc all
kept by themselves, and the sugar is dried
cither by the sun or by ovens, and then pack
ed into boxes holding about 400 pounds each.
Tiiesc arc then nailed and strapped by pieces
of green cow-liidc in narrow strips, the boxes
weighed, branded, and ready for transport to
market.”
IiOok at the Two Pictures.
The following appears in a late number of
the Louiavilio Dcmccat:
“ It is said that there are now in tho limits
of Cincinnati lull three hundred negro fana
tics in a state of utter destitution and want.—
This docs not inclndc cases of individual suf
fering, but whole families, numbering from
five to ten poor miserable creatures in caoh
house. All of these arc objects of charity,
depending wholly upon tho various charitable
institutions iu the city for their daily subsis
tence. This is a deplorable picture of tho life
of the negroes in a free city and a free State,
where such intense sympathy is supposed to
exist for the down-trodden race.
“ What a contrast to this is exhibited in tho
city of Louisville, tlic centre of slavery, as it
is denominated! You might search tho city
and county from ono extreme to the other, and
not find a solitary case of destitution and want
among our slave population. Such facts ns
arc here presented speak for themselves, and
exposo the fallacy of the cant of tho Aboil
tionists, who pretend to consider tho slavehold
ers as the worst people on earth.”
JDCstrnctivo Freshet.
New Yobk, Feb. 0.—The lower part of
Albany is completely submerged, and ono
steamer anil twelve flat boats were sunk. All
the railroads arc under water. Many cattle
have perished. Many fire3 have been caused
by the water slacking lime.
The city of Troy has been overflown, and
business is stopped.
At Chicago they have also a flood, and most
of the railroad bridges have been carried a-
way.
The Burdcll murder.
New York, Feb. 20th.—The evidence giv
en in to the Coroner’s jury yesterday shows nl
most certainly, that Eckel instead of Burdcll
was married to Mrs. Cunningham. Eckc
refused to answer the interrogatories address
ed to him, on the ground that he was an in
plicated party,
The Coolie Trade.
Wc take the following interesting extract
from a Speech delivered by Hon. T. L.- Cling-
mnu, of North Carolina in the House, on tlic
5th instant upon British Policy in Central
America and Cuba!
Early in the present session, a gentleman
from Tennessee [Mr. Etheridge] introduced
a resolution denouncing in strong terms any
suggestion in favor of re-opening the African
slave trade. It was followed by the resolu
tion of my friend from South Carolina [Mr.
ORR,]likcwisc decidedly adverse to such restor
ation, which the House with great unanimtty
adopted.
Well, sir, about that very time the newspa
pers were bringing to our notice such para
graphs as these. I read from the Daily Globe
which was laid on our desks ou tho morning of
the lGth of December last:
'Tlio Now York Journal ot Commcrco lias s letter
from llnvaua, stating that tlio African slave trade is
flourishing there without check, and that there are
largo ana increasing importations of Chinese, a
Spanish ship having just arrived with threo Imudrcd
and twenty, and seven hundred and sixty-live having
been sold during the previous week at from 8170 to
8130 por head.”
In the Union of January 1,1 find the follow
ing paragraph :
-The Cooly Trade.—Extract of a lottor from Ha
vana, dated tho 25th ultimo: ‘Another cargo of
threo hundred and nineteen Asiatics have arrived
hero, decimated from the quantity embarked at
Amoy during a voyage of two hundrod and twenty-
six days. They arrived on the Q2<1 by a Holland
ship, Bi-llona, Seri ver, consigned to Sorreis, Puentes.
Ac Co. They have been already assigned to pur
chasers by the speculators in this trade at 8170, and
same of them resold at 8190 each.”
These specimens arc sufficient; and from
them it seems that in sight of our owu coast,
publicly and in open market, white men are
regularly sold into slavery, without one word
of complaint from the sensitive member from
Tennessee [Mr. Etiieridoe] and his numer
ous backers on this floor.
Look for a moment at the difference between
the two cases. Tho African slave-trade was
abolished by this Government fifty years ago
aud since then all the eivilizeil countries of the
world have pronounced and legislated against
it in the most decided form that human enact
ments can assume. Besides this Great Britain
and the United States keep up large fleets on
tlic coasts of Africa to prevent individuals from
engaging in it. Nor has any member of Con
gress ever proposed here by bill, resolution,
or speech, as I know or believe, to re-establish
it; nor has any one Stqfc or State Legislature
recommended, it; and yet tho bare suggestion
by one individual that it ought to be re-open-
cd, gave such a shock to the sensibilities of the
gentleman from Tennessee, that his feel
ings could only find vent in the most exagger
ated and hcart-reuding figures of speech. He
seemed to be thrown into convulsions by the
idea, as a hydrophobia patient is by the sight
of water; and yet he represents a body of
white men on this floor and looks with supine
indifference on the sale, in open day-light, of
large numbers of while men occtiring ou our
very borders. Nor is there any law existing
to prevent this really great mischief. But
whi o hois thus indifferent to the existence of
tho slave trade in white men—men of the same
color with his constituents, the idea that ne
groes should be sold, so operated on him
and many others on this side of the House,
that they were thrown into as great convulsions
and contortions as a frog’s leg would be by a
powerful galvanic battery.
I have been waiting, sir, for an opportunity
to briii£ up these gentlemen upon this question;
and I intend, if it is afforded me, to compel
them to vote directly on a proposition condemn
ing the slave trade in white men. In affirm
ing, as I do that the white man is eminently
fitted to enjoy freedom rather than the negro,
I shall at least have ou my side and in sup
port of my opinion the whole history and ex
perience of man, the manifestations of nature
herself, and the decrees of God Almighty. I
desire especially to obtain a declaration of the
opinion of this body against the system prac
ticed by great Britain aud Spain. This House
of Representatives, in view of the numbers,
intelligence, and capacity of those whom it
represeuts, is undoubtedly tho first such body
that has existed on the globe, cither in ancient
or modern time; and its judgement, deliber
ately pronounced, cannot fail to produce tn
impression on the civilized world.
But to show how this system of transport
ing aud selling into slavery these Coolies is
managed by Great Britian and Spain, I will,
in the first place, ask the attention of the House
to the decrees of tho Spanish Government.
They were transmitted to the British Govern
ment by Lord Ilowdcn, its Minister at Madrid,
and are contained in a volume of the State pa
pers. They bear date, as signed by the Queen
March, 22, 1854.' Their examination shows
that the Coolies arc, in fact, no better than
slaves. Even the provisions made especially
for their benefit show this; and I road a few
ns specimens :
By the twentieth article, “The colonists may
contract marriage with the consent of their
masters.”
By tho thirty-fourth article, “Forbidden to
leave estates without written permission of
their masters,” &c.
Tho thirty-eighth article provides, “That
they shall not be compelled to work more than
twelve hours on the average.”
By tho thirty-ninth article, “They shall not
be obliged to work more than fifteen hours in
one day, and shall always have at least six
consecutive hours of rest by night or by day.'
Look at these provisions and tell me if this
slaves aro iu any State of this Union worked
on an average, throughout the year, twelve
hours per day, or if they are obliged at any
season, to labor for as much as fifteen hours.
As to giving them six consecutive hours for
rest, why, most field negroes iu tho South
would sleep twice that period of time if they
did not get hungry while so doing.
Article sixty-one declares for what offenses
they shall be punished, os follows :
“1. Insubordination to tho master, to the
superintendents, or any other delegate of the
master.
“2. Refusal to work, or want of punctuality
iu any particular piece of work.
“3. Injuries which do not oblige the party
injured to suspend work.
“4. Desertion.
“5. Drunkenness.
“6. Infraction of the rules of dissiplinc es
tablished by the master.
“Offenses against good manners not consti
tuting crimes, &c.
“8. Any other act done with malice and
front which injury or damage accrues ton third
person. &c,
jM’Art. G4. "When tho punishments pointed
out in article fifty-six arc not sufficient to pre
vent the colonist from repeating tho same or
committing other offenses, tlic master shall
apply to the protector, who, if the act consti
tutes an offense according to the laws, shall de
cide that the guilty colonist shall be punished
by th:m ; and not, by additional disciplinary
punis'ament,”
By these decrees it is provided that the in-
habitiints of China and Yucatanese arc Indians
and it might be supposed that these two races
ought to be sufficient for the Island of Cuba.
I find, however, iu the newspapers, another
proposition made by the Spanish Government,
though I am not prepared to say that it has
actually been adopted. If not already sanc
tioned,! suppose it will be, as it is strictly in
accordance with the policy heretofore establish
ed : . . i.
“1. Her Catholic Ma jesty shall concede to
the contractor (Scnor Jleiina) the usufruct of
of the Islands of Fernaiuh) Po, Annobon, and
Corisco, with their wild and cleared lands, for
the terms of twenty years from thd date of the
concession, giving him ntso'au assistance of
of $20,000 yearly.”
• • <* Sr ■ • • •
*11. He shall be authorized to transport
to the Islnnd of Cuba, to tho exclusion of all
others, under contract for the term of eight
years, such inhabitants of tlic said islands as
voluntarily*, and without any kind of coercion,
may agree to come to it, under tho following
condition: :■*■*
“ The grantee shall not receive in repay
ment of all cost, from the masters to whom the
persons contracted shall be assigned, anil to
whom, with tills view, their contracts shall bo
transferred, a greater sum than $201 for such
as arc between eightecu aud forty-five years
of age, and $13G for such as are between eight
aud eighteen.”
Tlio Island of Fernando Po, I need hardly
remind the House, is situated in the Gulf of
Guinea, in sight of the main land, and in fact
within some thirty miles oLQld Calabar, a prin
cipal station for the African slave trade. Of
course, the people taken from this region will
be Guinea negroes. But it is provided that
none shall be taken away but those who agree
to go. Who will they be, sir ? Why it is
well known that annually large numbers of
slaves ai c brought from the interior to the coast
to be sold, and when purchasers are not found
they arc slaughtered in largo gangs, because
their masters are afraid to turn them loose ; I
mean the males. Tho females are bought
usually by tho Krooraen along the shore ; and
as I have been informed by our Navy officers
stationed on that coast, they command sixteen
dollars apiece, while the male negroes, may
be worth only six. Of course 4hesc negroes,
when they find that it is a choice between death
and transportation, will agree to take the lat
ter, and will thus be enrolled.
The provision limiting the price for the first
class to $204 is pregnant with suggestions. It
is uot intended to cripple or diminish the trade,
since it is clear that, even at these rates, enor
mous profits will be made by the shippers and
sellers. It is, on the contrary, directly intend-
ded to increase the trailic to the most frightful
extent, as the supply is in exhaustible. By
thus putting them at a low rate, the purchasers
will be the more tempted. The planters of
Cuba, seeing that their island is to be ruined
any how, will be forced to conclude that it is
their true interest to get as many of these
creatures as possible, and work them even to.
death iu eight years. Every one knows that
one who hires a horse for a short period is apt
to take less care of him and work him harder
than the owner would do. Then it may be as
sumed that not many will survive this period.
But should they even do so, anil be then iu
good faith liberated, how many of them will in
fact over reached Africa again ? Who that
knows the Guinea negro excepts them to re
turn by force of this Spanish contract ? No,
sir, they will remain there; and these negroes,
by their mixture with the Chinese Coolies, the
Yucatanese Indians, and the present black aud
mongrel population of Cuts, wifi fill the island
with a body of savages, bo that such of the
planters as have the means of emigrating will
be forced to do so, and thus this beautiful gem
of the Autillcs will soon be in a worse condi
tion than it was when Columbus crossed the
Atlantic.
The acts of tlic British Government justify
us in assuming that, as she sees that the West
India Islands arc likely to be ours, she has de
liberately resolved to ruiu them as far as it in
her power lies. This is, however, all profess
ed to be done in the name of humanity! How
long is it, sir, since Great Britain, in one ycuy,
permitted more than two millions of her It ish
subjects to starve to death ? Why, the news
papers state—whether truly or not I cannot
tell—that more than twenty-one thousand of
them perished in this way during the past year.
These things are permitted to occur without
any real or sincere effort to prevent them. In
fact, what she has spent on her African fleet
would have been more than sufficient, if prop
erly directed, to have saved the lives of every
one of ttc3C white people. Then look to the
frightfully cruel system that is carried on by
lier iu Iutlia. There, a population more than
five times as great as that of tho whole United
States is subjected to the most grinding op
pression. The land is owned by the Govern
ment iu places and the people arc compelled to
work it, and pay one half, and even more in
some provinces, as rent, To collect this ex
orbitant amount, torture is habitually applied
to the miserable laborers. There is no doubt
about this matter. Tho British Parliament,
was forced, by public opinion at home, to ap
point a commission to go to India and take
testimony. Their report,officially made,shows
that to force the laborers to perform more than
human nature is capable of, there aro constant
ly and systematically applied tortures which
surpass in variety and cruelty those of the
famous Spanish Inquistion, or even such as the
imagination of antiquity was able to invent for
application in the infernal regions. The mind
absolutely shrinks back from the atrocities of
these details. A large percentage of the im
mense population of tho couutry lias already
perished most miserably by these tortures, and
the famines consequent on such exactions.
And yet, sir, though these matters have thus
been made public in England, and also iu this
country, and during the last year, by myself
and others; commented on, yet they have been
completely ignored by that portion of our press
and those orators that profess to have in their
especial charge all matters pertaining to free
dom anil humanity. Is it not a strange spec
tacle, sir? But so absorbed are tlic Abolition-
tionists in their idolatry of everything Eng
lish, that if one could speak to them iu a voice
louder than seven thunders, they would not
hear these things. Yes, sir, if the idea was
sliarpend to the keenest point possible, and
then driven by the force of an cugino of ten
thousand horse power, it would uot be able to
make a lodgement in their brains. No, sit,
the genuine Abolitionist would look you right
in the face, with the stolid, stupid insensibility
of a stone image.
A Place for Tm; “ Strong-Minded.”—
A modern traveler tells us that the Jewess
es in Thcssalonica, (European Turkey.) re
verse our accepted laws of Hymen, by pur
chasing their husbands. The modus operau
di is thus described :
“ Brokers aro employed to negotiate mar
riages. The father ora marriageable girl
goes to a broker and inquires what bride
grooms there arc in market. 11c chooses one,
higher or lower in the social scale, accor
ding to the dower lie can afford his daugh
ter, the price lie can pay, and makes an oiler
of so much dower. The bridegroom, through
the broker, demauds moro ; they chaffer anil
bargain for weeks, perhaps,—a bargain is
struck. The parties never sec each other till
married. The dower is the wife’s only secu
rity against divorce. The husband can di
vorce Tier when he chooses, but he must pay
back the dower, that she may be able to buy
another husband. Mrs. D. was telling a Jew
ish girl that we do not require any dowry in
America. “ How then, ” said she, iu utter
astonishment, “ do you do when he wants to
divorce you ! ”
The First Christian Church iu the
UNITED STATES.
Captain Jons Smith gives tlic following in
teresting sketch of the earliest state of the in
fant Church in the original settlement of Vir
ginia :
‘When I first went to Virginia, I well re
member wc did hang an awning (which was an
old sail) to three or four trees to shadow us
from the sun ; our walls were rails of wood,
our scats unbowed trees, till wc cut planks,
our Pulpit a bar of wood nailed to two neigh
boring trees ; in foul weather wo shifted into
an old rotten tent, for wc had few better, and
this came by way of adventure for new. This
was our Church till wc built a homely thing
like a bam, set up crotchets, covered with
rafts, sedge and earth ; so was also the walls,
that could neither well defend wind nor rain.
Yet we bad daily Common Prayor morning
aud evening, every Sunday two sermons, and
every three months tlic Holy Communion, till
our Minister died.”
The Church and the Stage.
On last Thanksgiving day, the Rev. Dr.
Bellows (Unitarian) delivered an address at
his church, Fourth Avenue and Twentieth
streets, upon public amusements, taking tho
ground that the drama, in proper hands, was
a valuable aid to the pulpit anil the press in
enlightening, cultivating and refining the peo
ple. Ho also took strong grounds in favor of
tho opera. Some of the managers and leading
artists of the city have since tendered to the
reverend gentleman apiece of plate ns a marie
of their recognition of his liberal views. Ho
has written a letter declining tlic testimonial,
and expressing a desire to address the theatri
cal profession especially. Arrangements aro
now being made ftir the delivery of the dis-
coure.—N. Y. Herald.
l\\m CARRIAGE DEPOSITORY,
Next to Tinnier Sffoimo, Nlttcan, Gn.
GEORGE and ROBERT SMITH,
ANUFACTUKERSanil Dealers ,
M/
in CARRIAGES, Rockaways,
ISufjj'ics, Jersey Waggons, Harness, ,
Whips, bailies and Gents Sole Leather Trunks, Va
lises nud Travelling Bags, Hat Cases and Bonnet
Boxes, Baby Carriages, a very nico article, with two
and four wheels. ■
Wo also receive rcgnlar supplies of tho genuino
Brnttluboro’ Buggies, manufactured expressly for us
by Asa Miller.
Repairing of every description neatly and prompt
ly executed.
Carriages of nuy desired pattern bnilt to order on
short notice.
We respectfully solicit a call from our friends, ami
the public generally, ns tve aro determined to sell
low for Cash, anil on the most reasonable terms, to
responsible parties.
Macon Ga , February 10, 1837. ly
"CAKRIAGESrilARNESS, Ac.
The Subscriber is now Receiving at his
CARRIAGE
REPOSITORY
ON CONSIGNMENT,
A N extensivo stock of CARRIAGES of tho vari
ous styles in nse. They hove been selected
with great care by II. C. McK.EE, who is acknuwl-
ed ono of tho best judges and buyers of work iu tho
Northern market.
The Stock will be constantly replenished, and
consist of the latest and most fasbionablo styles of
VEHICLES, combining
Klrgnuce with Lightness unit Strength.
Built hy J. St. Qainby Sc Co., Mott Sc Co., Brews
ter tc Son, \V. Dunlap, lit denburg tc Little, G. A D.
Cook Jt Co., L. H. Goodwin and other reliable man
ufacturers.
13 s * Persons wishing tlio very lest work on tho
most favorable terms, .will do well to examino this
Stock beforo purchasing. T. K. PLANT,
fob 10
FITZ«EltA!,» Sc NOTTINtJUAM,
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DEALERS IN
Drngx, Medicines,
Chcmicnts, J>ye StiitTs,
l'crfuiuery, Fnucy Articles,
SHOP FURNITURE,
Paints, Oils,
Vnrnishcs, Clnss-wnre,
Snrgicnl Instruments, Gnrdcu Seeds
Z. FITZGERALD, tt. D. C. B. NOTTINGHAM, H. D.
nov 13 ly
DAVID IiOSS,
BOOK BUNDER/
AND
BLANK BOOK MANUFACTURER,
CORNER THIRD AND CHERRY STREETS,
gn is prepared to do work promptly and at rea-,
sonablo rates. fob 3
BOOK & JOB PRINTING !! !
For CASH and CASH only.
F ROM this datotho CASH will be required for al*
Printing executed, on the delivery of tho work
—This rule will not be deviated from in any instnneo
Customers will plcaso notico and govern them
selves accordingly.
feb3—tm LEWIS II. ANDREWS.
GARDEN LOT
FOB SALE.
E LEVEN ncro Lot, about 2 miles from tho Court
House, an excellent location for a Garden. On
the premises is a good framed Dwelling, containing
four Rooms, with good well of water, all under fencu.
Price 3600, CASH. For further particulars en
quire at tliis oflicc. fob 3-tf
VALUABLE PROPERTY
FOIt SALE.
T HE subscriber offers for sale his valuable prop
erty, consisting of STORES in Macon, and
Dwellings and Lots ia Vincville, including House
hold Furniture. As ho lias passed tlio allotted peri
od of human life, he desires to dispose of bis on tiro
property and close his business.
All persons having claims against liim will please
present them, and all persons indebted to him, will
como forward and settle. Tho property will bo sold
on liberal terms.
fob 10—Itn T. IT. OLDERSHAW.
Hand tlic Scoundrel Around.
A BSCONDED from tho City of Macon, on Wed
nesday night tho 3th inst., a man by tho llama
of Georgo A. Smith, a name, no doubt, which lie has
assumed, lie is about forty years old. fair complex
ion, auburn liair, hazlo eyes, ono of his front teeth
out, and a scar upon one of his wrists, Tho above
described scoundrel and impostor by false pretenses
and representations, imposed himself upon a very
respectable but unsuspecting young lady in Macon
county, Ga., and married her; and leaving under
the pretence of going with her tc Msiscuri, ho de
serted her in tho city of Macon, having converted all
her property iuto money. I ara under the. impres
sion that this is not the only offense of the kind, con
sequently I take this method of warning tlio country
at largo against tliu scoundrel,
feb to JOHN W. MARTIN.
NEGROESFORSALE-
p-r\ likolv young Negroes. Tho undersigned al-
OU so will attend to tlio sale of Negroes, on com
mission. DEAN A BAG BY,
jan20—ly At Oir’s old stand, Macon, Ga.,
SITUATION WANTED,
A YOUNG man, n graduate of the Virginia Mili
tary Institute, competent to teach the English,
Latin, French and Spanish Languages, and the high
er branches of Mstnematics, wishes a situation as
Principal or Assistant in an Academy In the City of
-Macon, or in any of tiie Towns iu its vicinity. For
tarthcr information apply to
jan 27-lm ; GEO. W. BRUMLEY.
DR. A. 1‘iEUCE,
HOMGSOPATHIST,
□LvyxvxvjLuv/J. -L-y x xxxkj j, 9
NTEND3 making this city his place of permanent
residence. Those who desire his services mny
id him, when uot professionally engaged, at his Oi-
co over
T. J. LANE’O STORE,
»ady at all times to answer their calls*
M aeon, Jan. 27.1 s.V7. ^
Oi- kice ok thkCity Council, Jan. 3i, ldo7.
NOTICE TO CLAIMANTS..,
P ERSONS holding claims against tho tY.. >-•
rospoctfully notified to present them oq,
as near os mi
and October
fc*b3—4t
bo, the first ot January,
c‘v< ry v<*ar.
\
( ry year. 75* ^ ,
;D(TJKihCity cll p * t
Almanacs For 1857,
YECKIVED and for stile by L ■’.o
C nov 0 J. M. BGARDMAH,' 1 ' *
cli and
RICHAKI
