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price of this Paper will LLVRSpe r annum, if paid in advance, H** 0 (o th4 office before the expiration of the If left to be applied for by the j^etipd®* J ttT ' blj Agent, Tro Dollars and a Half j n overy case, without exception, to ^ 1 ’ T !" eJ and commissions. Kt**** 1 " f , r |h*T*t-ao BAPH t0 new subscribers [^'^^.Amnanied with Cask to secure atten- ^ i: tccomr its. jTCorr cross this continuous tract, from where the skeletons of the great megatheria arc buried, to where the great vessel stood. But after the flood had subsided, and the change in the sea and land had taken place, there would re main for them no longer a roadway; and so, though their journey outwards might, in all save the impulse which led to it, have been altogether a natural one, their voyage home wards could not be otherwise than miraculous, Nor would the exertion of miracle have had to bo restricted to the transport of the remoter St dir before his death, will very shortly be travellers. IIow, we may well ask, had the ** ■* ■*-—... fc T inmln. Rm. flood been universal, could even such islands as Great Britain and Ireland have ever been re plenished with many of their original inhabi tants ? Even supposing it possible that ani mals such as the red deer and the native ox | might have swam across the Straits of Dov- rnnio to Mo in juy xrrtmms. lT o. d. rnxsTicx. Come In beautiful dreams, love, Ob come to me oft, ilia li«bt of Jeep, Oamy btfsom he*soft. al »wbflD the sett °] n the moon’s gentle light, Bests low on Iheesr, Uketbepuleeofthe night- tthiu the sky and the wave, \Vtar their loveliest blue, When the dew s on the (lower " A ,,d the star on the dew. Come i„ beautiful dreams, love, )h! come and wo II stray, Where - the "hole year is crowned, Wilh the blosoms of Mny— Where e»cb sound is m sweet As the coo of » dove. And theeslessro as sort * As the ureatbinjrof lor#; Where the beams kiss the waves, And the wavo* kiss the bench, And our warm lips may catch The sweet lesson they teach, rwnein bcsutiftil dreams, love, Oh! come and we’ll fly, Like two winged spirits Of love through the sky i With hand clasped in hand On our dream wings we 11 go. Where the starlight and moonlight Are blending tbeir glow ; And on bright clouds we’ll linger Through Tong dreamy hours, Till love s angels envy The heaven of ours. Ilnglt .Hiller’s New Work. ThiTheory of a Universal Deluge. The work on which Hugh Miller was enga j W( | to which he gave the last touches only Kf’dir before his death, will very shortly be Urc/from the press of Gould & Lincoln. Bos iimultaneously with its publication in yjthaJ. It is entitled •* The testimony of ^Rocks; or the Bearings of Geology on the , Theologies, Natural and Revealed.” In At opinion°of Dr. Hanna. Edinburgh, Scot- lisi it will he found, probably, the ablest of litworki of its distinguished author. There hn been w extraordinary demand for it, both I h (fate Britian and in this country, so much u u to cause great delay in its publication. I: will probably appear early in April. The ■Maherhaving favored us with ad vance sheets g the work, wo give the following extract hoa the chapter on “ Noachian Deluge." It rill he seen that the author maintains with Dr. fre Smith that the flood was not universal, ifet presenting a striking and elaborate ar- | peat io suport of his position, drawn from At dimensions of the ark, the author takes up newline of argument as follows: -Bat the very inadaqunte size of the ark, ts*Sh a conclusive proof that all, or nearly I A the progenitors of our existing animals I txld not have harbored within it from any pail cataclysm, docs not furnish a stronger mmeat against the possibility of any such aMibtajfe, than the peculiar manner in which si now find these animals distributed over Amrth's surface. Linnaius held, early in feint century, that all creatures which now iahabit the globe bad proceeded originally fmnch common centre as the ark might bare tarnished; but no zoologist acquainted liuriliution nf sptvits i-.m acquit'sce in I urnchconclusion now. We now know that I new peat continent hns its own peculiarfau- I kthat Uw original centres of distribution must I uve been not one. but many; further, that the I . - ar.ma i !i• • s,• vi-iitre-i inn-! Ike been occupic.1 by their pristine animals I iiages long anterior to that of the- Noachian Ikdage; nay, that in even the latter geologic I Cvs they were proceeded in them by animals I if the lame general type. There are fourteen I nch eras or provinces enumerated by the la- naturalists. It may be well, however, in- hal of losing ourselves among the less nice- I s leaned provinces of the O'-d World, to draw l«xillustrations from two and a half provin- |(u of late discovery, whose limits have been Inp^fixedbynature. "The great conti- I tat," uys Cuvier, "contains species peculiar I toeacb; insomuch that whenever large coun- I tries of this description have been discovered »feh their situation had kept isolated from I therest of the world, the class of quadrupeds •iith they contained has been found extrcine- i; different from any that had existed clse- ’ke,. Thus, when the Spaniards first pene- I tiled into South America, they did not find i «agle species of quadruped the same as any -Europe, Asia or Africa.—The puma, the ]*jair. the tapir, the cabiai, the lama, the vi tal the sloths, the nrmadilloes, the oposums, id the whole tribe of sapajous, were to them new animals, of which they had no •u—Similar circumstances have recurred in time, when the coast of New Holland IW the adjacent islands were first explored. ftt various species of kangaroo, phascolmys, I tfttiru, and peramclcs, the flying phalatig- ornithorynchi, and echidnas, have aa- ’ naturalists by the strangeness of their t.formations which presented proportions all former rules, and were inciqia- t of bo tog arranged under any of the systems use.” New Zealand, though singular* of indigenious mammal and reptiles, os!/ 0B ty Dat ' ve uiammal seems to be a pe- of rat, and the only native rep- * , * rm ' esa lixard—has a scarce less ' --sable fauna than cither of these great QMnts. It consists almost exclusively of “■ Mae of them so ill provided with wings, !r™ i triia of the natives, they can on- [ '. a along the ground. And it is a most tors of a universal deluge, that during the cat- aclyms sea. ami land changed their places, and that what is now land lmd formed the bottom of the antediluvian ocean, and vice versa, what is now sea had been the land on which the hrst human inhabitants of the earth increased and inultipled. No geologist who knows how very various the ages of the several table lauds and moun tain cliaius in reality are, could acquiesce in such an hypothesis ; our own Scottish shores if to the term of the existing we add that of the ancientcoast line—must have formed the limits of the laud from a time vastly more re mote than the age of the deluge. But even The Hat Tribe. The last number of The London Quarterly Review contained an interesting article on the habits, &c., of rats, in which the instances given of their fecundity, ferocity and ingenui ty are almost incredable. A single pair of rats, in three years, if un disturbed, will have thirteen litters of eight each at a birth, and the young will begin lit tering in the same ratio when six months old, for at the end of three years a single pair will have multiplied to C56.SU8. Calculating that ten rats cat as much in one day as a man, the con sumption of these rats would be equal to that of G4, 608 men. It is clear, then, that if it upposing for argument’s sake, the hypothesis were not for the extraordinary diminution in recognized adinissable. what, in the circum- their numbers caused by ceaseless warfare stances of the case, would be gained by the carried on against them by dogs, cats, polecats, admission 1 A continuous tract of land would otters, snakes and beyond all, human catchers, have stretched—when all the oceans were con- the whiskered vermin would speedily cause a tinents and all continents oceans—between the famine in every part of the world in which they South American ar.d the Asiatic coasts. And it is just possible that, during the hundred and tw I are found. Hats are great travelers. w The ship rat in- venty years in which the ark was in building fests vessels of all classes; as many as five pair of slot Its might have crept by inches a- hundred have been found in a single East In- diaman. Their greatest difficulty while on ship board is that of procuring water; and they have been known to ascend the rigging by night after a storm, and sip the rain found in the folds of the sails. When on shore ship rats arc exceedingly fond of prime fruit; and b burrowing under the walls of gardens wii help themselves to a taste of the choicest mel ons, strawberries, grapes, &c., that they can timl. Bats exists in millions in sewers and drains, particularly where there is a good supply of fresh water. By burrowing in every direction they do immense harm to the brick work of sewers, and frequently 6poiI pipe drains by causing them to dip at the joints, under which they have excavated the earth. In London and Paris numbers of professional rat catchers find lucrative employment in hunting them in cr or the Irish Channel, to graze anew over the sewers. When caught, they are disposed deposits in which the bones and horns of their * r r '' r *-’- L *’— remote ancestors bad been entombed long ages before, the feat would have been surely far beyond the power of such feeble natives of the soil as the mole, the hedgehog, the shrew, the dormouse, and the lielilvolc. Dr. Pye Smith, in dealing with this subject, has emphatically said, that ‘all land animals having their geographical regions, to which their constitutional natures are congenial— many of them being unable to live in any other situation—we cannot represent to our selves the idea of their being brought into one small spot from the polar regions, the torrid zone, and all the other climates of Asia, Africa. Europe and America, Australia and the thou sands of islands—their preservation and pro vision, and the final disposal of them—without bringing up the idea of miracles more stupen dous than any that are recorded in Scripture. The great decisive miracle of Christianity, he adds, the resurrection of the Lord Jesus, sinks down before it. And let us remember that the preservation and re-distribution of the land animals would demand hut a portion of the amount of miracle absolutely necessary for the preservation, in the circumstances, of the of either for sporting purposes, for which they command a ready 6ale in London at 85 cents per dozen ; or they arc kiiled for the sake of their fur, which is extensively used in getting up the unrivalled ‘beaver hats’ sold by Paris ian hatters. The hide, also, is useful for mak ing the thumbs of the best (so called) kid gloves. Bats, also, commit great depredations in slaughter houses and Knacker’s yards. In severe frosts when its is impossible to cut up the bodies of the horses, and when the outside flesh is too hard for the rats to feed upon, they enter the body and devour the flesh from the inside, so that when the thaw comes the work men fiud nothing below the skin but a skeel- ton, better cleared of its flesh than if it bad been done by the most skillful operator. When rats have no other food they will destroy each other. M. Majendie placed a dozen rats in a box in order to try some experiments; when he reach ed home and opened the box there were but three remaining. These had devoured the rest and had left only the bones and tails. These little animals are indefatigable in the pursuit of their food, and hardly any amount of precaution can keep them from a place where entire fauna of the globe. The fresh water they know there is a supply to be had. The c.i— —'■—- ‘ — 1 1 —*— *—' proprietors of bonded warehouses know this to their cost. They infest the London Zoolo gical Gardens m immense numbers, and have even eaten their way through the copper wire floor of the tiger’s dens.—The proprietors of the gardens have been compelled in self de fense, to keep a pack of terriers to hunt them, by whom as many as a hundred have been de stroyed in one night. The propensity of the rat to gnaw through even the hardest obstacles is not merely a craving but a necessity. His teeth arc so formed as to continually grow toward each oth er, so that nothing but the constant wearing away by friction could prevent his incisors from passing completely through his lips. A good sized sewer rat can inflict very severe bites, even in some instances enabling him to vanquish a terrier dog, or even a ferret. There have been instances in which rats have become domesticated, like a cat or a dog; and when this is the case they render good ser vice by driving from the premises all others of their own tribe. One mode of ridding a house of them is to catch a single specimen and fas ten a small bell around his neck, the tinkling of which, as lie approaches the haunts of his comrades will frighten them away. An expert rat catcher, however, familiar with tho habits Ashes, tnoluscs, Crustacea, and zophytes, could be kept alive in a univeisut deluge only by a miraculous means. It has been urged that, though the living individuals were to perish, their spawn might be preserved by natural means. It must be remembered, however, that, even of some fishes whose proper habita tion is the sea, such as the salmon, it is essen- tial for the maintenance of the species that the spawn should be deposited in fresh water, nay, in runningfrosh water ; for in still water, however pure, the eggs, in a few weeks, addlo and die. The eggs of the common trout, also require to be deposited in running fresh water; while other fresh water fishes, such as the tench and carp, are reared most successfully in still, reedy ponds.—The fresh water fishes spawn, too, at very different seasons, and the young remain for very different periods in tho egg. The perch and grayling spawn in the end of April or the begining of May; the tench and roach about the middle of June; the com mon trout and powan in October and Novem ber.—And while some fishes, such as salmon, remain from ninety to a hundred days in the egg, others, such as the trout, are extruded in five weeks. Without such a miracle the spawn of all the fresh water fishes could not be in existence as ^ —tact, that both in the two great con- -taa »ad the New Zcalands there existed, in £ e0 J°6' c ■geo, extinct faunas that A,""* peculiar generic characters by which i!mk rec *?* one * are still distinguished. The ^Maadannadillocs of South America had ^^PSantic predecessors in the enormous aftfl tnylodou, and tho strongly gAn>y|PMou; the kangaroos and wombats i had their extiuct predecessors in a ^ W00D **r)y twice the size of the largest *• mb^u*** * n 80 Iiugc a wombat that h.v** * , * y 8 been mistaken for those of a Xjj l V7 ,na, i and the ornithic inhabitants of "ifeil had their predecessors in the S-j.Tiit * uctl us tho dinoruis, and the kit,lit. l ^ e .P a 'aptcryx—wingless crca- ' c t!-tf • °* tnc h< that stood from six to t,„ " Cet *“ Light. In these several regions gjjJ™ rations of species of the genera pe- ttiiQ i “ eai have existed—the recent genc- ^®*d,iBH i * dec ? nJaat8 they arc still iu- . the extinct gigantic generations Wn i w ®locked up in their soils hi* witk .i. l * 1, ®'°' v arc these facts reconci le “® hypothesis of a universal deluge? nta^Y^ an event of the existing ether hav *1.*^ been universal, it would fed snk.f-, 1r °h en up all the diverse centres •May l ule jl one great general centre which the ark rested: or, ^ t feiiai!- e,10rm0U8 cx P cn8 ° of miracle, all '^4 *onlrf ? re,ervci I hy natural means by feting 0 1#VC * lat * t° he returned by super- $«olL. ans *° the regions whence, by means ^^ rn f ural ' Ul oy had been brought, '^fwlon*' • aru,a 'fifl°cs little titled by na- ?• he ferric? JourDe - vs > would have required ^^chths * cros * the Atlantic to the regions f.’Jitodo. |. rem8 ‘ n * of the megatherium and Vikjt,. entombed; the kangaroo and 4 * theta. C ln 1 ? u ' !Ue( l continent that con- • i! 0 « of >he extinct macrapus and ' Vita li' ni1 * ‘k® New Zealand Lirds, ill ’s | "\ V ^ fiyhlg qc ails and its wingless ..f , e ro ®ote islands of the Pac- ^ Dfeon, .' lei . kulc tons of I’alapteryx iugens it avail" !' ’■‘Stuitcus lie entombed. Nor Ru fa’ut to urge, with certain asser- such at one and tho same time; without special of his prey, will soon clear a house of its ob- miracle it could not maintain its vitality’in a Lmbot ? g* universal deluge; aud without special miracle, even did it maiutain its vitality, it could not remain in tho egg state throughout an entire twelve month, but would bo developed into fishes of the several species to which it belong ed at very different periods. Further in a uni versal deluge, without special miracle vast num bers of even tlic salt water animals could not fail to be extirpated ; in particular, almost all the moluscs of the littoral andlaminarian zones. Nor would the vegetable kingdom fare great ly better than the animal one. Of the one hundred thousand species of known plants few indeed would survive submersion for a twelve- month ; nor would the seeds of most of the others fare better than the plants themselves. There are certain hardy seeds that in favor able circumstances maintain their vitality for ages; and there are others, strongly encased in water-tight sheds or skins, that have tioat- edacrons oceans to germinate in ilistaut islands; but such as every florist knows, is not the gen eral character of seeds; and not until after many unsuccessful attempts, and many ex pedients had been resorted to, have the more delicate kinds been brought uninjured, even on shipboard, from distant countries to our own. It is not too much to hold that, without special miracle, at least three-fourths of the terrestial v _ perished in a universal deluge that covered over the dry land for a y’ear. Assuredly the various vegetable centres or regions—cstima- tedjiy Schouw at twenty-five—bear no witness to such catastrophe. Still distinct and un broken as of old, cither no effacing flood has passed over them, or they were shielded from its effects at an expense of miracle many times more considerable than that at which the Jews were brought out of Egypt aud preserved amid the nations, or Christianity itself was ultimate ly established." A Nui lor noxious visitants. In China, where the excess of population has driven the inhabitants to economise every species of food, rats aro eaten and esteemed a great luxury; and cases are recorded in which ship’ crews, when short of provis ions, have avenged themselves on the rats for lessening the supplies, by cooking them and eating in the form of baked pics, which it is said have been deemed quite dainty by the partakers. One of the most common modes of ridding premises of these unwelcome inmates is that of administering arsenic to them. This, how ever, is attended by very great danger, for rats which have partaken of arsenic make at once for the nearest water, and if there be a cistern in the bouse, they are apt to poison it. Our readers arc aware that a case of this kind lias recently occurred at Washington, in which the lives of President Buchanan and several of the most prominent politicians of the day were placed in imminent hazard by partaking of wa ter from a cistern, the contents of which had been impregnated. Joliai Pliccaiix oil Hoops. John Phoenix,” in his “ Trip to New Or leans,” was accompanied down the Mississippi by bis old friend Amos Butterfield, who had etation of the globe would have joined him at Memphis. The friends landed ’ at New Orleans aud proceeded at once to the St. Charles Hotel, where Amos was to meet his “ better half," alias M Amauder.” "Phoe nix,' describes the affecting meeting;" In the centre of the parlor stood Mrs. But terfield. That admirable woman had adopted the very latest and most voluminous stylo; and having on a rich silk of greenish hue, look ed like a lovely bust on the summit of a new mown hay stack. Butterfield was appalled for a moment, but hearing her cry " Autos,” he answered “ My Ainander!” and rushed on. He ran three times round Mrs. Butterfield, but it was of no use, be couldn’t get in. He ex tended bis arm to her; she held out hers to him; tears were in their eyes. It was the most affecting thing I ever witnessed. Final ly Mrs. Butterfield sat down aud Amos got be hind the chair and kissed her, until their off spring, by howling and biting the calf of his leg, created a diversion. They were very hap py so were the people in. the parlor. Every body appeared delighted ; aud a small boy, a year or two older than little Amos, jumped up aud down like a whip-saw, hallow d ‘‘Hoop-ee’ with all his might. ••Butterfield.” said I. an hour, or two later, “I suspect that Mrs. Butterfield has adopted hoops." . , "Oh ! yes," answered he, ‘‘I saw that^stick- TUe Agricultural Advantages Nicaragua. The following extracts of a letter published in the New York Herald, will be read with ‘ tercst: The San Juan river will eventually be important as the North river is to New York for it commands the trade of a greater extent of country, the head of Lake ManSgua being some two hundred miles from the mouth of the river. When an American population shall habit that country, and only one company shall have power to use steam on the river and Lake, the company possessing those rights will realize more than all the steam lines to Cali fornia together.—When mines are worked and the golden treasure hns to find its outlet down this river, and merchandize and machine ry shall ascend it, this route will attain the millenium of prosperity. But who will realize the profits ? Morgan shies, Garrison looks grave and says but little, Vanderbilt is eager to clutch the prize, although he has had wrenched from him once. It is too good thing, however, to give up, and he could settle business sooner than the others, for he is not so timid. Wise heads are speculating as to prospects of supplies in cotton and sugar, and the ques tion is assuming a serious aspect. It is said that the seed of the cotton plant needs renew ing, but this is an erroneous impression. The answer the preacher gave his congregation when requested to pray for rain, is applicable to cotton growers—‘It is not rain you want here it is manure.’ So with cotton, it is not seed which is wanted but the soil. Where can sufficient lands be had to supply the demand for raising cotton and sugar? Cuba, if it were in our pos session even, is not sufficient, and our South ern States are falling off in their crops. The North as well as the South have a deep inter est in solving the problem. Indeed, it is the raising of these crops which will no doubt eventually settle the vexed question of slavery between them, for the North will have her factories continue even though slaves must raise the raw material. Where is the cotton to be raised ? Asa na tural consequence we turn to Central America for there lies any amount of uncultivated lands rich as the richest Mississippi bottom, inviting the cultivator, and ready to yield countless harvests for the supply of the world. Whether slaves can be introduced is not yet certain the reigning powers have not said so, and no one knows General Walker’s ideas with re gard to it; but, in the event of their being bar to slavery, white men can raise either su gar or cotton in abundance. All the low lands in Nicaragua produce sugar in abundance, and of superior quality; the higher lands also produce very good crops The best crops are found upon the highlands of Mouagua and Matagalda, where the cane grows to an incredible size. Sugar can be raised for five cents per pound, and there are two millions of acres susceptible of its cultiva tion, each acre producing four thousand pounds amounting to eighty millions of dollars ; there arc also four millions of acres of land upon which fine cotton would grow. With all this Nicaragua is a healthier country than the cot ton or sugar lands of our Southern States, be ing adapted to all the products of tropical and most of those of temperate regions. In the Chontalcs and Matagalda wheat can be grown in abundance, and there is water power for any quantity of mills and gins, as also for mining operations. Cotton grows everywhere from the vallies to the hill tops; and although the species grown is not well cultivated, yet it pro duces the finest article. It seems to be spontaneous production, the same seed having been used perhaps for ages. The export of cotton from Nicaragua has been as high as thirty thousand hales in oue year, but on ac count of revolutions it has dwindled to the pro duction of only sufficient to employ a few In diaus in the manufacture of a species of sheet ing and candle wick. The cotton manufacturers of England propose, in consideration of the an ticipated scarcity, to form a league for the en couragement of the culture of cotton. Let the United States take the step in advance, at least on this continent. She requires but to say— go and make the country, and it will be done —Let England look to her East Indies—Ame rica must look to America. Let but the United States give the impetus, and in five years we shall have no clamors about a probable scarci ty of cotton. (Ireclcy. We noticed some days ago the fact that this worn out and gonc-to-thc-OId-Scratch Com monwealth, ns the Free-Soilers pronounced it, has increased in tiie value of lands ninety-eight Uions and a half (not six millions ns s mieof the northern papers have it) within the last six years. We beg now to present another fact for the consideration of" t lie philosophers who expect to regenerate Virginia by abolishing the slaves and colonizing it with New England laborers. It is that the only county in \ irgin- in in which there has been any decrease in the the value <>t lands in the six years, is the coun ty of Brooks, in which the depreciation has been twenty-two per cent, and in which scarce ly a single slave is left I Brooks county gave Fremont a hundred votes at the last Frcsi dential election. Lot the canting demagogues put that in their pipes and smoke it. Jiiclinwnd Dispute h . An Irish lady wrote to her lover, begging him to send her some money. She added, by postscript, “I am so ashamed of the request i have made in this letter, that I sent after the postman to get it back» but tbe servant could not overtake him.” From the Churchman's Monthly Magazine. The Widow to the Bride. *‘I saw thee wedded, lady. At the altar’s holy side; As with roses mid thy shining hair, Thoustood’st a happy bride i The soft light o’er that joyous band, A tender radiance shea, While priestly word and marriago ring Proclaimed thco duly wed. •I saw thco wedded, lady. With the love-light on thy brow. And I heard thy low-breathed whisper Of the holy marriago vow; And by the quick pulsation In my bosom's inmost core, I knew my heart was throbbing As it ne’er had throbbed before. •I saw thee wedded, lady. And my thoughts went roving back To a bridal day, which long ago Illumed lifo’s sunny track : When, like thyself, 1 vowed to love, Through weal and woe. for life. And with the golden circlet claimed That sweetest name—a wife. ‘Oh! marvel not, if‘mid the smiles That grace thy nuptial hour. Mine eyes were with hitter tears, Whicii fell like summer shower: It was not envy of thy lot, Xor sorrow lit thy bliss: I would not that thy cup of joy. One shining drop shonld miss. But oh! 'twas memory, memory’s power Which thus my spirit bowed; I knelt again as once I knelt, And vowed as once I vowed. Methoucht I stood as thou didst stand, The loved one by my side: Tbeu looked upon ray darkened robes, The widow not the bride! •Yet lady, though my heart was sad, As sad it oft must he. Heaven’s best and holiest ben ; son 'Twould still call down on thee. Joy to the bride! Love's brightest wreath For thee may true love twine. And be thy wedded life ns blest. And oh 1 less brief than mine!’’ ’erhaps it will obviate the little ten- ias to “ blow up.’ I’in glad of it.” ■ ng out. deucy she has r*7“The Mormons have lost one of their great lights—oue J..M. Grant— and the announce ment of his death closes iu the most approvede obituary style: lie has gone now leaving sev en disconsolate widows, and several children, four of whom are under eight weeks of age, to mourn tbeir irreparable loss." Well Ketorted. We gather from the Boston Transcript that Mrs. Fnnny Kemble Butler happening to meet a well-known gentleman of that city, (Mr. W.) iu the Messrs .Chickerings’s piano forte ware- rooms, the other day, expressed some surprise on seeing this gentleman enter into familiar and cordial conversation with Col. C., one of the partners of the house. She is said to have wondered that persons engaged in mechani cal pursuits should be treated by Mr. W. as an equal and a gentleman, “ He is a Colonel, too—is he?” added the lady. “'In our coun try none but gentlemen are colonels.” "In our country, on the contrary, madam,” said .Mr. W„ ‘•not only may’ a mechanic be a colo nel and a gentleman, but even an actress may be a lady. Good morning, madam.” Government Beceipts and Expendi tures—The receipts in the United State Treasury for the quarter ending April 1st were nearly 8’dO,500,000 of which $19,000.- 000 were from customs aud over $1,000,000 from the sale of public lands. The expendi tures during tho period amount to $17,150,- 000. From the New York Commercial Advertiser. A Life of Thomas Jefferson. It has been known to us for some time that the Hon Henry 8. Bandall, LL. D., formerly Secretary of State and Superintendent of Pub lic Instruction, has in preparation a life of Jef ferson, the materials of which are derived from sources ihaecessabie to any other gentleman. Mr. Bandall’s unique resources for his forth coming memoirare pleasantly described in a letter, a portion of which we subjoinfrom one of the most' eminent literary men of the coun try in the confidence of friendship to a litera ry friend. The letter will well pay perusal, for while prefiguring what the biography will be in Mr. Bandall’s hands, it lets the readet incidentally into the habits and character of Jefferson to a greater extent than anything yer published. It contains indeed the promise of a far more complete and worthy life of Jeffer son than has yet appeared, or than could be written by any other man. • * * His industry in collecting materials has been remarkably successful. Piles of books lay stacked up in every corner of the library, to give up the shelves to authorities. But it is in the original department that his success has been the most peculiar. Tbe library is a per fect magazine of personal mementoes of Mr. Jefferson, manuscripts, pictures, views of Mon- ticcllo. ground plans of its garden, grounds and ether surroundings iu the days of its il lustrious owner, personal relics, and things not to be classed. Here was a list of texts in ‘Jefferson’s Bible ;’ drawn up for publication, here was the pocket book referred to in the dall to make a short life ot this. If the object was to get up a ‘sensation book’ to meet the want8ofsome‘enterpiizing' bookseller-to ‘make money’ for the author—I could better under stand you! Would you have Bandall reduce his vast mass of materials, particularly, original materials, to a summary ? Ten or fifteen years would have buried most of the last in the tomb, and scattered tbe rest past collection. Never, in my opinion, was a biography more opportunely commenced. And now when with such zeal, such industry and such success, these things have been gathered, are they to be thrown away for fear railroad travellers, and yellow covered readers generally, will find the work too ponderous to be taken at a lunch aud digested between stations? Would you suppress Mr. Jefferson’s family letters? Would you exclude pictures of life and manners at Monticello ? Would you reject anj’thing that throws light from an original and certainly authentic source on his private character and history—now just about as well understood as those of Manco Capac aud Zoroaster? Or would you give one or two of his private let ters, and then say after the solemn fashion of , ‘the good people arc assured that all the rest betray equal excellence of heart ?’ Or should his private aud not public life be given? Or should we have a plain narrative of his public and private life, and no history of his mind and opinions ? On which of these departments would Dr. D. bring down his am- sn A\ ft CO.’S LOTTF.mES! CAPITALPRIZE $50,000 Tickets only sio. Owing to the great favor with which oar Single Number Lotteries have been received by the pub lic, and the large demand for Tickets, the Managers, S. Swan A Co., will have a drawing each Saturday throughout the year. The following Scheme will be drawn in each of their Lotteries for May, ir.*,?: Class 34—To be drawn in the City of Atlanta, Georgia, in public, on Saturday. May -il. 1-37. Atlanta, Ga., Class 3.">—To be drawn in the Cit, in public, on Saturday, May 9th, I£ of Atlanta, Geor- Jlitli, ISo7. putating saw ? Is Thomas Jefferson, who acted so prime a part in our country for a full half century, who ‘Notes on Virginia,’ for the the original copy of I founded the party that has since controlled our Logan’s speech, there a neat drawing of Jeffer- country, who is the author of half of our opin- son’s‘plow of the least resistance,’ with the ions if not our institutions, who for good or for specifications for construction ; here lockets of evil has exercised an influence that no other man his hair, there his MSS., copies of favorite songs and ballads; and so on, ad infinitum. And so queer a collection of tables, kept by one man, surely never was heard of! There are tables of bis annual and monthly expenses as a private man, as a president; of his receipts as a lawyer; of his observations in various de partments of science and natural history ; of his farming and gardening operations, of the births, deaths, occupations, etc., of his slaves; of the slaves, horses and farm products carried off, butchered and destroyed by Cornwallis; of his manufactures of domestic woolens and lin ens ; of his milling; of bis smithing and coop ering; of distance between this place and that, ascertained by a pedometer attached to his per son or an equivalent machine registering the ro tations of a carriage wheel; and of innumerable other things. You will judge of the minuteness of his ob servations in natural history when I inform you that among the tables in that department there is oue giving the average earliest aud latest appearance of all the vegetables (perhaps thirty kiuds) sold in the Washington market during the entire eighty ears of his Presidency! Most of the original collections of facts, on which these generations were made arc alsotn Mr. Bandall’s posession, the minutest accounts you ever saw of expenses aud re ceipts (thing and kind always given;) his register as a lawyergiving au account of all his cases ; his daily observations iu scienco; his farm and garden books ; his detailed exhibits iu all manufacturing branches, and memoranda of journeys, &c., &c. These, drawn up in Mr. Jefferson’s formally handsome handwriting aud all elaborately indexed by him, extended over a space of from twenty to fifty years.’ To my wondering inquiry why none of these things had ever come light, Mr. Bandall inform ed me that nearly or quite all of these volumes and manuscripts—and I have enumerated but a small portion of them—were foaud by Mr. Jefferson’s family in 1851, in a dark aud en tirely forgotten receptacle, where they had lain has ever exercised on the mind of the Atneri can people, is this grand and imposing figure to be cut down to a half length, or to ‘cabinet size’ to suit the superficial aud impatient and ignorant? While every year gives us a new- life or two of stretching to anywhere from one to four octavoes,'shall we not have at least one full rouuded, all sided, detailed life of Mr. Jefferson, which gives the important original papers, and the important original facts, in stead of mere abstracts ? I have no apprehension that Bandall will be troubled with the lues Boswellian. I thought he betrayed a little too much nervousness on that point. But he thinks, and I agree with him, that our sound reading public, our poli tical public, the intelligent young men of our country, demand a thorough, faithful, though not tediously drawn out, life of his subject We soon shall know the result of the under taking. The work will be ready for tnc Prin ter iu May. It will fill two solid octavo vol umes. Class 3G—To be drawn in the C gia, in public, on Saturday, M Class 37—To be drawn in the City of Atlanta. Ga., in public, on Saturday, May 23d, 1S"7. Class 38—To bo drawn in tho City of Atlanta, Ga., in public, on Saturday, May 30th, on tho Plan of SINGLE NUMBERS. 3,200 Prizes. More than One prize to ever’/ Ten Tirlccts ! MARNIFiCENT SCI E.1I E ! TO BE DKAWN EACH SATURDAY IN MAY. I “ 1 “ I “ I “ 1 “ I “ I “ 1 “ 1 » I “ i •• i too “ toe “ APPROXIMA TION PRIZES. 4 pzs of S22o approx, to $S0,000 prize are $900 550,000 is...... ....$50,000 20,000 is .... 20,1100 10,000 is...... .... 10,000 10,000 is...... .... 10,000 5,000 is .... 5,000 5,000 is .... 5,000 5,000 is .... 5,000 2,500 js .... 2,500 2,500 is .... 2,500 2,500 is .... 2,5C0 2,500 is 2,500 2,500 is 2,500 1,000 is .... 1,000 1,000 is .... 1,000 1,000 is .... 1,000 1,000 is .... 1,000 1,000 is .... 1,000 100 are .... 10,000 50 are .... .... 5,000 20,000 10,000 5,000 2,500 l,uuu 3,000 20 are. are 640 are 540 are COO are 720 are 500 .... 60,000 Escape from Citizenship and Free- D03L There is much interesting and suggestive in the following from the Atlanta Examiner; An Arrival from Liberia. Quite an excitement prevailed in our city on Friday last at the appearance here of ‘Jeffer son,’ one of the liberated siaves of the late G. M. Waters, of Gwinnett county, in this State. It is k nown to most of our readers in this vicini ty, that ‘Jeff.’ with some forty other slaves, in accordance with the will of his late owner, was sent to Liberia iu the ship ‘Elvira Owen,’ Capt. Alexander commanding, which sailed from Savannah for that port on the 7th June last. Jeff,’ with his fellow passengers, in all num bering about 350, arrived safely at Liberia, but after a stay there of about seven mouths, during which, he states, that of his own imme diate tamily, mother, sisters and brothers, six out of seven of them died, and of the whole _ . number that went out more than half of them, since Mr. Jefferson’s death. At (or not loug after the endurance of great suffering, died al- after) that time, they were doubtless removed | so —we may say actually perished for the want to E- umongst the old cast aside ac count books and other trumpery of a closet connected with Mr. Jefferson's bed room.— (You will remember it over tbe alcove, with its two eye-like holes opening into the bed room.) The lower tiers of these papers had remained undisturbed and forgotten time out of mind. Bandall thinks it impossible that Mr. Jefferson remembered their existence, when he wrote his own autobiographical memoir. In proof of this, Bandall showed me several MSS, volumes written by Mr. Jefferson’s father, and pointed out facts in them which I, too, am well satisfied no son would have ever omitted, in giving even a meagre account of his family. So much for what may be termed the phy- Now for the esoteric one. of wholesome food, and from diseases common upon the African coast—‘Jeff,’ we say, deter mined to leave ‘those diggins,’ and seek his old Georgia home! Accordingly, by shrewd management, ‘Jeff 1 contrived to effect his es cape, we may term it, from Liberian citizen ship and freedom, to Baltimore, on Board the Mary Caroline Stephens, which good ship ar rived at that port on or about the 2Gth ultimo; and from thence he took passage on a steamer to Charleston, and from Charleston by the rail road through Augusta, he contrived to reach this place, as stated above, on Friday last. For his good fortune in thus traveling from Baltimore to this point unmolested, ‘Jeff’says, that he being a dark mulatto, with straight hair, assumed to be an Indian, aud when asked sical department Audi pray you mark my specifications for I £f be was not a‘gentleman of color,’indignant- their bearing on a point where I^tliink Bandall | £y resented it as an insult, and put on airs that all right, and you all wrong. He has Mr. Jef ferson’s family correspondence, comprising three hundred or more lcters, written to his two daughters from their childhood down to the death of the youngest, Mrs. Eppes. Ho has entire, every extant letter Mr. Jefferson ever wrote the latter; his private letter to her husband John W. Eppes; a quantity addressed to Mr, Eppes, senior (who was his brother in law,) running hack to 1775, and a portion of those written from Congress in 1770, before the De duration of Independence was declared. You are of course aware that not one of Mr. Jeffer son’s family letters has ever been published. 2. Bandall has all the written recollections which Mrs. Baudolph left of her father. These are not extensive, but as far as they go, are pre cious from the uncommonly intelligent and candid character of the writer. 3. He has soon quieted all suspicion as to the true state of his case. No sooner, however, had ‘Jeff 1 landed at our depot, than he made tracks for protection to the Messrs. Wallace, of our city, who knew him well, and to whom, in his old master’s life-time, he had delivered many wagon load of country produce. To these gentlemen in our presence, he stated all the foregoing facts, and declared that all he want ed or desired was to reach the plantation of his young master, Mr. T. J. Waters, of Gwinnett, so as to be permitted for the balance of his life either to handle the plow, or to take up the shovel and the hoe. Luckily for ‘Jeff,’ the ex ecutor of the estate of his late master, Col. N. G. Hutchins, of Gwinnett, was in our city, and about to leave for home, which ‘JefP hearing, iu the ‘twinkling of an eye’ his trunk was on the cars, and under the protection of the Colo contemporaneous narratives and diaries of be left here for the ‘old plantation,’ which some of .Mr. Jefferson's descendants of the next 1 - - - generation, who, however, grew up to man and womanhood under the same roof with him. 1 forget their extent, but oue I remember, is long, giving records of numerous conversations. 4. lie has pretty minute recollections ot various " Mr. Jefferson’s intimate personal friends, eluding Dr. D- ’s journal of his last ill ness aud death. 5. lie has narratives, recol lections, descriptions, explauatious, opinions ; l a word, answers to inquiries on every topic here an intelligent biographer would seek he doubtless reached on Saturday last This is, truly, a rare incident. ‘Jeff 1 is none of your stupid fellows, but an intelligent mu latto. His age is about 26. and we would take his opinion of the condition of the liberated slaves in Liberia, as soou as that of any white philanthropist, who has not actually visited Liberia, aud examined into the condition of those people. ‘JefP says, with but very few exceptions, their couditionis miserable indeed, and that ninety-nine out of every hundred of _ __ themwould, likehimself, gladly return to servi- information, furnished to him by nearly all of tude upon the plantation. As for the natives Mr. Jefferson's grand children—all who were I 0 f Liberia, lie pronounces them lazy, filthy, old enough to have distinct recollections of the anl j j u their diet, worse than beasts—worms, and snakes, and toads, and creeping things, being luxuries. Corn bread and bacon wen tilings only remembered; upon truits and roots all bad to subsist, and ‘you know, master,’ said ‘Jeff 1 to us, ‘that don’t suit a Georgia nig ger.’ We asked him if he could get work there —his reply was, ‘no, unless he would work for nothing.’ In fact, said he, there is no work to do there, and that- is what makes every thing so bad. Of the ‘snob aristocracy,’ the ‘big uig- ners,' of Liberia, •Jelf’ lias a most contemptible opinion. They will suit,’ he says, ‘Northern niggers, but unon one who has been a slave, they look with contempt. He could lick a plantation full of them any day, provided the law was clear.’ Is it not time for the people in the South to legislate upon the subject of emancipation of slaves, and to pass wholesome restrictions thereon ? More Freshets at the North and AYest —Three Lives Lost.—There was a heavy freshet in the Schuyikill river Monday. A canal boat was swept over the dam at Fair- mount, and three men were drowned. The water has risen considerably at Alba ny, N. Y., and was three or four feet above the docks, and was still rising. The Ohio river was rapidly rising, the rise had reached twenty feet. It had rained in cessantly for some days. 3.290 prizes amounting to.... $204,000 XlcketH 810—Halve* $5—Quarter* 6‘i 50. PLAN OF THE LOTTERY. The Numbers from 1 to 30,000, coiresponding with those Numbers on the Tickets printed on sep arate slips of paper, are encircled with small tin tubes and placed in one Wheel. The first 218 Prizes, similarly printed and encir cled, are placed in another wheel. The wheels are then revolved, and a number is drawn from the wheel of Numbers, and at the same time a Prize is a drawn from the other wheel Tho Number and Prize drawn out are opened and exhib ited to the audience, and registered by the Commis sioners; the Prize being placed against the Number drawn. This operation is repeated until all tlio Prizes are drawn out. Approximation Prizes.—The two preceding and the two succeeding Numbers to those drawing tho first 18 Prizes will be entitled to the 72 Approxima tion Prizes, according to the scheme. 3.000 Prizes of i-.’O will be determined bj’ the last figure of the number that draws the $50,000 Prize. For example, if the Number drawing the $50,000 Prize ends with No. 1, then all the Tickets where the number ends in 1 will be entitled to <20. If tho Number ends witli No. 2, then all the Tick. ts where the Numbers ends in 2 will be entitled to $20, and so onto 0. Certificates of Packages will be sold at the follow ing rates, which is tho risk: Certificate of Packages of 10 Whole Tickets. ...SfO “ “ 10 Half “ .... 40 “ " 10 Quarter ” .... 20 “ “ 10 Pighth “ .... 10 In Ordering Tickets, or Certificates, enclose tho money to our address for the Tickets ordered, on re ceipt of which they will be forwarded by first mail. Purchasers can have tickets ending in any figure they may designate. The list of drawn numbers will bo forwarded to purchasers immediately after the drawing. Purchasers will please write tbeir signatures plain, and give their Post Office, County and State. 13** Remember that every Prize is drawn, and payable in full without deduction. i.TY A11 Prizes of $1,000 and under, paid immedi ately after the drawing All communications strictly confidential. Prize Tickets cashed or renewed in other tickets at either Office. Address orders for tickets or Certificates, either to S. SWAN & CO., Atlanta,. Ga. idP A list of the numbers that are drawn from tho wheel, with the amount of the prize that each one is entitled to, will bo published after every drawing, in the following papers : New Orleans Del ta, Mobile Register, Charleston Standard. Nashville Gazette, Atlanta Intelligencer, New York Weekly Day Book, and Savannah Morning News, apl 28 AFFLICTED REAITTIIIS. Miraculous Cure Made on one of OUR CITIZENS. Macon, April ?, 1857. Prof. DeGrath,—Dear sir: This is to certify that I had a fall, sprained my shoulder and was afflicted for eighteen days, and lost the use of my arm, and could not raise my hand to my head, ami hearing of tho wonderful cures effected by DeOrath’s Electric Oil, and by the application of tl'ie Electric Oil I was im mediately enabled to raisemv hand to my head and take off my hat. Thank God I am well, and I cheer- . fully recommend it to all afflicted. The application was made before a hundred persons. [Signed] Yours truly, A. JORDAN. Witness—J. A. Hafer, J. W. Brantley, Chaa. II. Rogers, Lewis Young-, Geo. T. Franklin, J. W.Adrr- hold, A. B.Ross, Ed. G. Jeffers, B. P. Freeman, E. Price. Macon, April 8, i 857. Prof. DeGrath.—Dear Sir : I, Capt. B. B. Smith, hereby certify that I have been afflicted with Rheu matism for four years, and at times could not sleep: By hearing of the wonderful cures by DeGrath’s Electric Oil I was induced to try it, and the first ap plication of the Electric Oil I was at once relieved, and now have the perfect use of my arm. Tho ap plication was made before fifty persons. B B. Smith, Twiggs Co. We the undersigned were present.—J. J. Riley, J. H.Brantly. II. J. Cooper. Sold by J. H. & W. S. ELLIS, Druegi>t, Macon, Ga. apl 23 1m facts. 1 should judge from seeing into a deep drawer or two, that these letters extend to some thousands of manuscript pages ; aud Ban ff himself said that they were worth far more than any other one class of his original mate rials. lie says happily the family started on the profoundly sensible idea that their grand father would ‘pass muster" with posterity e.xact- ly as lie was—that exaggeration would both in jure and discredit the whole picture. He turn ed me to a passage ic a letter from Mrs. of -, tu answer to the question under what name Mr. Jefferson should be re ligiously classed, the querist (R.) having as serted that he was iu no scuse of the word au iutidel. The reply is splendidly characteris tic : ‘Class my grandfather, nowhere, my dear Mr. Randall; tell the world exactly what bethought!’ You may be sure 1 saw with pleasure a thick package of letters from this gifted woman, aud another almost as thick from the .Misses. -, of . Raudall drew fortli and put iu my hands two or three letters. I read them with moistened eyes! Commend me to woman’s love to piously col lect the disjecta membra of biography, and to present them with religious scrupulousness ! itandall is also under intiuitc obligations to the grand sons, sons of both branches. ***** Now I ask you what in the name of common sense induced you and Dr. D. to adviso Rau- TO BRICK MASONS. I NCLUDED in the City ot Albany Lots which I will sell at auction 12th May next, is a lirick Yard containing Six acres iu a convenient location, fine clay, and the yard in complete order for work, with large new Sheds, Houses *S:c. and an abundant supply of water. A contract for half million of lirick, will be trans ferred to the purchaser. For further information apply to may 5tda W. \V. CUE EVER WHEAT FAAS. G RANT'S Patent Fan Mills, tin* best in use for general purposes of a Fan Mill and Separator at one operation. All sr:es just received and for sale by NATHAN WEED, Macon, apl 21 1857. SPRING FASHIONS! 1S57 A FINE ASSORTMENT OF Clotlis, C:i*siHUM'S, IVIarscillcs, aiul LINENS OF EVERY VARIETY, Which will be made up by COMl’JZTEXT WORKMEN, in the most approved style. Opposite Bauk of Middle Georgia. mar24—3m C. H. BAIRD. Fine Keady Made Clothing 1 TTUtOM the House of D. DEVLIN Ac CO., New X’ York, now receiving. C.H. BAIRD. allthe "Novelties. ~ IN THE Gentlemen’s Furnishing Depart- MENT. Now opening by C. H. BAIRD, inar —3m HOUSE POH EKS, WHEAT fans, THRESHING MACHINES, GRAIN CRADLES, SCYTHE BLADES, GRASS HOOKS, For sale by apl 28 CARHART A CFRD. Estray Mule. To the Clerk of the Inferior Court of said County. Samuel Griswold of said County tolls this day before me, as an Estray taken up upon the freehold of him, the said Samuel Griswold, in said County, a dark bay bobtail horse mule, and is supposed to bo about 21 years of age, and appraised by Giles 11. Griswold and James H. Carroll to be worth 83.5. Given under my hand and o Hied a', signature tho 11th day of March. 1^57. J THOMAS L. BURDEN, J. ?. True extract from Estray Book 3d April 1837. CHARLES MACAKTHY, may 5 Clork Inferior Court,