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B ^orgiitCtkgrHjil the pric* of tUi 5»r- r will ucH?ummt «um ^p^ilL 07r \ r »*£*£ t« b «3e*52P?3ft5 f Ui* J*ff" Are „t. Two Dollars aid a. Half Br^taeverr esse, without «oept. ,,, to Km^ggi eoraraiseions. rVtv the TsLtanxTK to now eubecrib*** P v^’°P* niia With Ca,k% T should bo particular to direct m Persons writing to the R»<jL M ph' t in Macon, should so write. |-' 1 will the letters designed for tbe T ** T SffS 6° direct'/ to their place of des- VOL. XXXII «■£ Stream of Death. \, stream whose narrow tide, >**" . and unknown worlds divide, rnm l3< Where all roust go; •V ■■ waters dark and deep, H^B>’Lu„ silence downward sweep, With moanlesa flow. fbM c at that dreary flood I lire infant prattling stood, i< aJUb Whose hour had come; ■ it, life; it neared the tide, u u cradled rest, and died, S* hike going home. , r i with languid eye anon, jyeased, and pale and wan; L 1 * 5 "’ .tad there alone, .ad upon the leaden stream, 3 *- f L rt d to plunge—I heard a scream, And he was gone. iikfa a form in manhood’s strength ibwlSsgoo* till there at length ■ J5 '' " ]le saw life’s bound; L -uk. sad raiso.1 the bitterprayer ' w-Yii shriek of wild despair p 5 *' 1 The waters drowned. on stood upon that surgclcss shore, . towed with many a score II 4 Of toilsome years, - -s bound and sad he left the bank, , a rned his dimming eye, and sank, • J ' ‘ Ah! full of years. e, f bitter must thy waters be, " pfjth! How hard a thing, ah me! *’ It is to die! I , .(—when to that stream again, wither child of mortal roan With smiles drew nigh. -Tit the last pang,” lie calmly said, -‘a me 0 Death; thou hast no dread— 1 Saviour, I come! . ad but thine arms on yonder shore— i rt :_re waters bear rao o’er; ‘ There is my Lome!” 'Governor’s Message. executive DEPARTMENT, ) liiUMsviuK, G*., Nov. 6th, 1857. j :,:,ns of . ; ■ . U Smote and House of Representatives : jftit it uot a mere matter ol form, that I am 4H tbe Constitution, to address to you this i/.jj. Charged, as 1 hare been, for tbo last fT- with tbe administration of the State Gov. . the execution of its laws, experience has . uc grave responsibility of the Executive ' Familiar es I bare learned to be with the con* he itsoirces, ibe wants and prospects of tbo Tina 1 bare some appreciation of the duties of Eattmand °f Hie momentous oonseqneDOoe that Li* jeer deliberation*. You bold iu your hands r.- nu and weal of a great State; great, in tbe LibA here sigoaliaeaber past progress; great, K dowels of wealth and power; great, iu the IgeriltiatioD, which her intelligence and enter- Lyi ichiered: and greater still, in the proud t ihit await* her, if we prove true to ourselves tsimoa committed to us. Inspired with the ( ;. :i iiiim, may wisdom guide your delibera- L.l the accomplishment o( “ tbe greatest good to [v.-w number crown all your actions. Bhn bet little to do with the past, save to aero* V induct ol your public servant', and hold Etiitncl account for their stewardship. It is MWittik to look to tbe future, and provide for Med circumstances which it mar dovelope. 1 : v.:.ce to aid you, by such reflections and jiau tny favorable position for observation, l : j to commend to your consideration. Vrh naturally arranges itaelf into two gene* Ban Ten most have correct information of the I asm of the Commonwealth; you ought to V e conceptions of its wants. To the best of Mi ability, I will address mjaeU to these two annccincily at possible. Revenue, Ac. lint th transmit tbe Report of tbe Finance Com- L- Rioted by the Executive, under legal author mtbickyoa will learn tbo financial uporotions tf rctnrnt, for tbeyear 1836, together with tbe na.ii tbe lime of their investigation, of tbe wt." the “ Penitentiary,’’ the “ Western and caul Road,” the ''Lunette Asylum,” the * Aiy- Ihae Deaf and Dumb,” and the “Georgia Acad- licit Blind.” 1 also treusmit tbe Report of ibe ce, (or the financial years 1856 and 185T, from tiippcarttbat tbe available balance, on tbe 20th a ns (55,717,66. All tbe liabilities of tbe State ktnproopdy met Atthecloseof the last lis I v.tic public debt was tf 2.6:'.2,722,--2. The Bonds andrr the act of December, 1845, to extend the nud Atlantic Rail Road, (in amount, $l45 r tire all been redeemed—9106,000,00 since tbe »-* of the General Assembly—by funds remit- ■ it Treasury, by the Road, under the 6U> Sec- IdSeKlof 12th of January 1354. I suggest tbe ['-•-if reinstaiiig ihe sinking fund of $75,000, I" Ged br Ihe act of February 11th, 1351, to be [ft uanally for the reduction of tbe Public srfjmt* to the Report of the Comptroller Gene- .’-.•A transmitted, you will find several ameud- 'iwnineeded to be made to tbe Tax Laws, to ■'■W again enumerating them, I invito your cratioa. Many of them are suggested br ex* “4 are necessary for the collection of all tbe »d* existing lawi; others by tbe principles *,*PpHeeUe to the eutijecta to which they ro* Ijywdnl to the Report of this officer, in con j* Etreutive instruction, you will find sebed- « u the Taxable property, ns returned by the a Ltriren of Returns for the present year. - * '““•re very interesting and|hnportant;’abow- •'I’Mjeritjand ineressing wealth of the State, a »fe guide to tbe General Assembly, rtlortito equalize the burden of Taxation up- You will discover the great disparity. VJ./liich is affixed to Ihe several species of » the aertral counties, by the Tax payers.— *«*? Mgroes at 8100 lets than others, and E5j7** •djeeeot. and in tbe same counties, |: ® Tw figure than their neighbors; It would be L *>«* ‘“'o the expediency of fixing bylaw. C£« # r tbe Legicleture, the average value of t ■ ' tie mining year, with tbe view of uniform- V" 4 "** which slave owners ore required to LJjw 1 Ihe government. It is well known that ■ * * ,e °wnsd in South Weetarn end r.“'w.rgu, by individuals who have granted naaoainal a Ura> under our reverting laws.— teeir returns to the receivers, in many in- J7.™* them at only, or a little more than, ,-V, “ Dtaut Fees; whereas, those etmo per is Hi r 01 ** 1 " >e if land* thus held, for tim, twew* li-. i 1 ®** that gum. It would bo proper, if » ***5 *° ma law, by which snob landj dhtoL 05 ” xccordiug to tbeir real vatue. In- i***ta«laatioo ot the tables under conside- |a,,L? 04T " D N that many persons have return- ivwTw i r '* 0 ^* * n< f uegmes at valuations I—i . “W, eomiwred with tbe prices for -l P"’P er, T rvudilv sella at public sales. I would nut be proper and just, in all mTt provision for assessors to be ap- “xtanee of tbe Receivers, to appraise j * returned at an estimate, known such prop- r. TuoiT, ? Ter *f® market price of J~* , *h? u la be equal, and every citizen I proportion of the burden of C« a '■fPortanee. I throw out these | *'W» ltal nb]^. rie,r °' * lieithe such action as p,<*JL OM * n * ed Ba » ks * frotp^ritv end remunerating prices [' ! , or Agncullure, our Banks have gene- ►xnJjjT™ *P«ie payments, resulting io pentak 4ia,','I?’.*®; general stagnation in commerce, r *4the " ltGcnw al Assembly was so near at raidfctf”K D5 * on seemed to be necessary, ns a r Wei in ..v 1 ®® •s** 0 * 1 ihe heart flreJtai iadi RlttaJSW the demand for "specie, at ihe F-Xth— y 1 u prudent to withhold uny action n- '*>di b / *» w . “milthe Legislature, He opportunity of .ieliberat- “ r -,»ad directing wbat ecorso ought r 1 therefore submit this *t Z.:, conridcration ; and to enable ¥* it *• h ®Wwilb f transmit to.voa CO- tgtoai^.ywttaofthevsrinwsli.iak' J 0SOS> puiTi T.'for condition,roads in pursuance of It is gratifying that thc.-e their solvency. Will you ■ ! “'I dull L?* 100 sud fix a day, in tbe future, P’Jh.*^|JV’*®«especie pawmentaf Aeegrnj* I nieddieas littlepossible with r’w nJ~* tyuntry. Tbe laws of trade r.gu- T, «w of the crisis that is upon P^tiiisj/* 'V*! with tbe interest' ot Agricnl- Vfk, WicJ2.°V* U productions, it would seem to C rtMoea “*? •ospeusion, iu ntcu-nce U) all *5 I * h r °P° n . examination, bhall *k®d«? t V 8o,Te,lt It is not only leMli- ^ZiSwSi^^WUUutre. to Investigate PhqSi^JWepof the Hanks; to iostitute a j : ii .... ,i irmode ol transacting bu-ine-s C* 1 tX-l^L 411 the powers Situ to sending (or C* »h«f!r^ , ~wllich in ,v be -ie.-ess.irv. to as- ,u, *o their bare i:lined tin _ _ HBBL whether [ , ' >i"u u!.ititn»> by pliu:injf their , K il" ?!iaro Souliiero paper, at u I - 'c l’/*£**7OUiit manner, dcpuited from [ : ‘-Bfilfy »L r^ted by tlieir Charter?'. Jt ia due I • • * l a lull exposition be made; it is the only manner in which the public can bo protected. If such abuses shall be detected, let the Legislature, in granting them tolerance in their present predicament, put them upon terms which will prevent their recur rence for the future. State Itonil. I submit the annual Reports of the Superintendent of tbo \\ estern and Atlantic Rail Road (or the years 1 - ( o and 1857. They exhibit this great State work to be in a prosperous condition, and just -upon the eve of realizing the expectations in which it originated. They leave me but little to add, fo enable vou to understand its operations and judge of the fidelity of its manage ment, Its gross earnings from the 80th September, 1858, to t ho 80th of September, 1857, which covers the four years of my administration, have been $3,052,260,* 82. Tbe working expenses of the Road, for the same period, bare been $1,724,843,81. How has this large amount of net profits been disposed off Has it been squandered or applied to necessrgy expenditures *-* These are questions which should be answered to the satisfaction of the people, and when thus answered, the senseless clamor which is raised against tbe man agement of fbe Road, for meris decency’s sake, ought to cease. Then sec bow tbe account stands. Net earnings for four years ; ,$I, 724,849, 81 Net earnings were disposed-of as follows, to-wit, for 1854; ■ f \ Paid Stale Treasarer.. $50,000,00 “ Interest on Bonds 11,906,90 “ for new Locomotives 24,211,65 “ “ Cars 68,590,57 “ “ Buildings 102,727,78 " “ Construction, new Track and Iron, A Right of Way, ..80,696,21 fob 1855. Paid StateTrcasurer. $100,000,00 “ Interest on Bonds 15.536,80 “ for new Locomotives,....29,058,50 “ “ Cars ....44,141,81 “ “ Depot Buildings,.. 18,290,09 “ “ Construction, new Track and Iron, &Riebt of Way, 236,025.58 fob 1S56. Paid Stato Treasurer, $ 43,500,00 " Interest on Bonds 9,145,00 “ for new Locomotives,... 92,188,48 “ " Cars, 114,082,05 “ “ Depot Buildings,. 42,988,90 " “ Construction, Iron Ritjls and New Track,..122,830,04 “ for expenses incurred pro* vious to Jan. 1854, Ten* nessee claims 67,931,21 fob 1857. Paid State Treasurer,...... .$100,000,00 “ Interest on Bonds, .7,263,65 " for new Engines 107,752,73 “ “ Cars, 97,852,16 “ “ Depot Buildings..52,062,96 “ “ Construction, iron Rails, New Track 100,047,91-11,722,849,81 Whether these expenditures were proper, is left for fair minded men to determine. They at least, seem suited to the enterprise, and cannot be considered un reasonable, when it is recollected that the Road is not even yet completed and thoroughly equipped for the annually increasing business, it is compelled to accom modate. At all events, it will scarcely be asserted by any, having a due regard to veracitv, that the money has been either stolen or wasted. But these heavy ex- K nditures will not be required, hereafter. The time • come lor tbe patiencu of tbe friends of the Road to have iu reward. I fully concur with the Superinten dent, that henceforth, under proper management, it will pay into tbe State Treasury $350,006, annually. It may be suggested, however, that tbe mismanage ment is not in tbe application of the net earnings, but in tbe expenses of maintaining and working the Blood. Let us see how the State Read compares in this re spect with other Roads in tbe State—what proportion tbe current expenses bear to the gross earnings. Tbe gross earnings ol the Georgia Kail Road lor the last four years, were $4,016,846,14; tbe expenses for work ing and maintaining it, for the seme period, were $1,* 843,617.02, or about 45 per cent. Tbe gross earnings ot the Macon and Western Iload, ior the four years, from December, 1852, to December, 1856, were $1,290,- 445,0C, or 50j< percent. The gross earnings of the Central Rail Road, including the line from Cordon to Estonton, from December 1st, 1858, to December 1st. 1856, and tbo line from Millen to Augusta, to the let; of January, 1856, were $4,697,269,63; and tbe current ex penses, for tbe same period, were 2,219,043,17, or 47X per cent These are confessedly tbe best managed Company Roads in Georgia. But"the Western and At lantia Rail Road compares favorably with them, in re ference to the point under consideration. Its gross earnings for tbe last four years, are $3,054,460,82, and its working expenses, for the same period, $1,329,411,- 61, or a little less than 43V percent. Itwonld seem that the country might utf.mi to be satisfied, if tbe State Road be managed as cheaply as those of private Companies. Certainly, the tact ia worthy of conside ration, when its administration is branded with cor ruption and mismanagement. Main Trunk, Ac. The Atlantic and Gull Roil Road Company, charter ed bv the last Legislature, baa been duly organized. Tbe Board of Commissioners, designated in the Char ter, met in Millcdgoville on the Slat March 1856, and made tbe necesaaty arrangements for opening books of subscription for atockat Milledgcville, and sundry other points in tbe Slate. On the 23d day or October 1856, six of the said Commissioners submitted tome, a list of subscribers, showing subscriptions to the amount ol six handled thousand dollars, and the am ount subscribed by each, attested by their affidavit, that the subscribers so reported, will be fully able to pay up the sums subscribed by them and that tbe sub scriptions were bona fide. Whereupon, on the 26th of October, 1856, by virtue of the 2d. section of tbe Act of Incorporation, I subscribed for stock, to Ibe extent of $500,000,00 in tbe name ol the Slate of Georgia, and caused the subscription list to be deposited in tbe of fice of tbe Comptroller General Oa the same day, Ihe sum of $1,106,000,00, being subscribed, 1 issued an order, as directed by tbe third section of tbe Act of Incorporation, for an election of uiue Directors, to be held in Milledgcville, on tbe 4th day ol December, I860, under the superintendence of the Commission ers. They met accordingly, and elected James 1*. Seri- von, William B. Hodgson, J. Stoddard, Hiram Rob erts, W. A. Long, Cbailcs J. Munnerlyn, J. It. Stap ler, A. T. McIntyre, aud K. R. Young as a Board of Directors, wbo elected James 1\ Scriven tbeir Fresi- (JfQte To enable the Legislature to understand clearly the condition of this important enterprise, iu which the Stale has liberally embarked, by subscribing for one million of iu slock. I herewith transmit a communi cation from James P. Scriven its Fre.-idint, with the accompanying documents to which he refers. The fifth section of the act ot Incorporation provides that "no payment shall be made by tbe State until tbe Sa- vannab, Albany and Gulf Bail Road Company and the 'Brunswick and Florida Rail Road Company shall have relinquished any right which either of said Com panies have or claim to interfere with the location of said Road, on account of any privileges granted in the charter of either of them.” Such relinquishments have not been executed and therefore the enterprise cannot move forward. Tbe documents referred to contain the fruitless negotiations, between tbe parties in interest, touching the relinquishments required : and by care ful examination, you will be enabled to determine ho, if any one, is to blame for (heir failure. Tbe in tention of Georgia is declared in tbe Charter to be “to provide a main trunk ncross her temtoty. connecting ihe Atlantic with the Gulf of Mexico.” Tbe object is worthy of a great State, and so important to her south ern station, that I trust it may not bo defeated, at-d that, in your wisdom, you will take such further ac tion in the premises, as will secure its accomplishment. State Aid. On the subject of State aid to works of Internal ias- irovemeaC 1 hare nothing to add to what I said in my last biennial message. In lew words, my view of sound and sale policy, confirmed by mature reflection, is this- Georgia occupies the gap between tho southern spur of the Alleghany mountains and the Atlantic. At an immense cost, she has constructed the Western and Atlantic Bail load, which taps tho great west, at Chattanooga, aflerdB transportation for its products to the see board, and feeds the various roads which con nect with its southern terminus at Atlanta. In char tering new rail roads, the legislature should never lose sight of the policy of protecting her State Road from ruinous competition ; she should be careful, not to crip ple the efficiency of company roads, which hare been built by private capital; she ahoutd preserve the win* melry of our system of loteraa! Improvement# «o that in ita further development end growth to maturity, It shall ns a primary object, promoteher own wealth and the prosperity ol her mwus and seaport. Augusta, Sa vannah and Brunswick, are the three points of com merce at which tbo productions of our agriculture must find Iheir market aud thvir door of exit to the marls of the world. Tbe perfection of our Internal Improvement.system, as well as the interests of agri culture requires that each of these commercial pomta ■shall he connected, as directlv as possible, with each section of the Stale, s > th it uil our ; • qde may enjoy a C boio«ot markets lor the sale of tbujr pr.sluce. The Suite may aid in the construction of lines or road pro* ii'cied in reference to such connections, upon puaran- ■lies of security, that prevent the possibility of Ultimate Ls. Beyond this, she, ought not to go. As to be mode in which she Should extend her aid, I prefor u loin of her credit, lor u given amount, per mill, ton IO. I1 Ol oc . O, t | le !l)r , nor method, she rely upon the success and prohts i i he , . In chartering the At'anticimd Gull KoaJ, the...st It* istature s.-emed to tavnr the policy ol taking stock, n. aid ot ihat work. I sanctioned the bill, not that,I iq*- proved of that feature, but because it j i so c.v*i within the principle ol the policy, in reference to State aid, which 1 advocate, and the road itself is of suco immediate and paramount necessity to the southern portion of Georgia, that I deemed it better to yield my scruples on that score, than to defeat the noble enter prise. Pcnitcutinry. I refer you (o the report of the Princioal Kecjcr for information, ns to tbo condition of tho i enitentiary.— Since the first of January last, tho cash system has been rigidly enforced, with results that fully justify it. I renew tbo recommendation to enlarge and repair thoroughly the buildings, or remove the Institution to somo other point, at which material can be purchased cheaper and the convicts, worked more profitably. In ita present condition, it is disreputable, to the State, nnsafe and insecure as a place of imprisonment, and utterly incapable of being mado to answer tho purpose for which it was designed. I.imafic Asylum, Ac. I submit the biennial report of the Trustees, Sopcr- intendant and Resident Physician of the Lunatic Asy lum. That institution is among tbe most important enterprises in which the State has ever embarked ; an honor to her philanthropy nud liberality. The energy, seal and adantodness of the Resident Physician to the duties of bis post entitle him to the warmest commen dation and confidence. As an act of mere justice his salary should be increased. The extension of the building is progressing rapidly to completion. I transmit the report of the building commissioners, showing their disbursements of the ap propriation made by the last legislature. Upon ex amination, yon will "find, that tbo nmonnt will not be sufficient to pay the contractors. The deficit will be $P ,000.- I recommend an immediate nppropration of that sum, in order to prevent delay, loss to tbe con tractors and serious detriment to the interest of the State. This amount will complete the edifice; but addition' ol appropriations will be necessary to lit it up, for tbe use intended. Itis constructed upon tbe most approv ed plan, with all tbe fixtures and apparatus which ex perience has demonstrated to bo best adapted to tbe accommodation of snch inmates, and in tbe end, most economical The beating, ventilating and cooking ap paratus and wash bouse, will require $43,500,00. The Engine House, chimney, well, airducts, Ac., will re quire $18,000,00. These fixtures are absolutely indis pensable. Tbe Gas works, complete, for lighting the building will require $4,600,00. To alter, improve, borer and plaster with Mastic tbe old, to correspond with Ibe new building, will require $7,500,00. The <Vgrfgite °f these epnropriations will be but $48,- GOO.OO. Tbe report m the Buildiog Commissioners will exhibit more fully these items and tho reasons for tbeir necessity. I cannot doubt but tbo means will be promptly anpplieiL Tbe Legislature has never dis bursed money Irom the treasury which reflects so much credit upon the Statu. It awakens tbe pride of every liber alniinded Georgian, and what is better still, it gives a retreat of comfort to tbe poor victims of affliction who, by a mysterious Providence, have been deprived of reasoo, and affords a hope of tbeir restoration to tbeir families and to society. In this connection, it is submitted, that a reasonable amount should be appropriated for tbe compensation ol tbe Building Commissioners. They have been engag ed three years, in this service; tbeir duties have ueeu responsible and they have performed them faithfully ami economically. Tbe claims ol the “Academy for the Blind” and of tbe “ Georgia Asylum for the Deaf and Dumb,” will be laid before you by tbeir respective reports herewith submitted. I cordially commend these benevolent lo- stitutions to your fostering care. Slate Survey. Under tbe direction of the last General Assembly, providing for the survey of the Okefenokee Swamp, and for other purposes, I appointed Richard L. Hunter, Civil Engineer, to perform the service'rcquired by that •el. Tbe undertaking was arduous and bazzardous, and has required his continued labor from the 3rd of December, 1856, to the present time. Four months of the time were spent in the work of actual survey. Tbe expenses of the survey, including cost of tbe scientific analysis of specimens of soil, were $4,780 51, and paid ont of tbe Contingent Fund; and he bis received from the same fund. In part payment for his services, the sum of $479 49. i herewith transmit tbe report oi the Civil Engineer, and looking to the bazzard, the labor, tbe time consumed and tbe scientific skill required, I express tbe opinion, tbs', he should received tbe addi tional sum of $3,500, as compensation for bis servioes. Capifol and Executive Mansion The last General Assembly appropriated $7,5u0 for repairing the State House, and $5,000 for repairing the Executive Mansion. Finding these sums wholly inade quate for the purpose designed, and that itwonld be al most lost to tbe State, without tbe use of a huger sum, I did not hesitate to draw upon the Contingent Fund fur the deficit. By so doing, tbe repairs, as foi as they ;o, are substantial, and the Public Buildings are in air condition. Tbe aggregate sum expropriated was $12,500; the amount expended is $15,394 81. The vouchers for tbe various sums paid out, are tiled iu the Executive office, subject to your inspection. It should be observed, that a port of this expenditure is not pro perly chargeable to repairs. In November, 1855, toe stables, carriage bouse, bathing room and poultry bouse, attached to tbe Mansion yard, were consumed"by fire. Tbese bad to be supplied by new bnildiogs, so that not more than $5,000 bare been expended, in repairs pro- K r, to tbo Executive dwelling. No appropriation will required to pay lor the excess or cost of repairs over and above tbe appropriation. Considerable new furni ture for tbe Mansion, tbo Legislative Halls, and the several Executive Departments was indispensable.— This I have purchased and you should make an appro- prialiou to pay tbe bills. I bare bad thdpublic square S raded and enclosed with a substantial new fence.— at tbe cost to the State is insignificant. The Peniten tiary being overcrowded with convicts, who could not be profitably employed within ita walls, this portion of the work has been performed by them. I trust it will meet tbe sanction oi tbe Legislature. Tbe condition of the public buildings is now snch, that an annual appro priation of $250 00, together with such work, as can be conveniently done by the convicts, under tbe direction of tbe Governor, will preserve them, in good keeping for an indefinite period. 1 recommend such an appro priation. I renew tbe recommendation to remove the Arsenal, and, upon proper compensation to tbe respective de nominations, tbe removal also of tbe Churches from the public square. These structures are real eyesores, and will always be an obstacle to its permanent aud tastelul ornament. You will learn by painfnl experience that the Legisla tive Halls are too small for the comfortable accommoda tion of tbe Legislature. 1 renew the recommendation to enlarge the State House, according to tbe plan sub mitted, by Messrs. Sboll and Fay. to Ibe last General Assembly. 1 recommend the repeal of the Act ofMarch 4th, 1856, which requires the Stato Printer to report and to fur nish daily, to each Senator and Representative, a re port of tbe proceedings of the General Assembly. That offieer has mode no preparation to execute this service. He is entitled lo a vote of thanks for it. Itwill cost the State not leas than $60,000; an amount far beyond any benefit that may accrue to tbe pablic interest. The State Library is gradually increasing in tho number and value of its collections, under tho annu al appropriations wisely set apart for that purpose. I herewith transmit a catalogue of the Books it con tains, and respectfully recommend an increase of the salary of tbe Librarian. Tbe last General Assembly, bv an Act approved March 3d, 1856, authorised the Governor “to employ a competent Surveyor, and have surveyed and sold, a raeant square of land in the City of Columbus, as the property of the Slate. James H. Hamilton, Esq., was duly appointed to perform this service, but be ing enjoined by tho Mayor and Council, claiming it as tbe property of tbe city, I directed him to obtain a continnanco of tbe canse, until the meeting of tbe Legislature, in order, that tbe title might be investi gated, and, if possible, save the expense of further fiti^ation. 1 therefore iuvite your attention to this subject It is ascertained, that tbe Great Seal of the State has been counterfeited and that forged Grants of lands in Georgia, are extant, authenticated by such seals. This, together with the fact, that the Seal is stamped upon wax aud attached by tape to Granta and other documents requiring such authentication, is cumbersome and inconvenient, and easily imita ted, vnggesta tbe propriety of dispensing with the wax-ball, and so altering it, that tbe impression may bo mado on the paper. I call special attention'to the condition of tbe Nu merical Land Books, in the Executive Department. They are valuable to the State and indispensable for the investigation of titles. But they are in a state of ruinous mutilation; the bindings broken, and many pages entirely worn ont or lost, so that they are in- enpable of being repaired. Several of them have been copied in elegant style, and when the work shall have been fully completed »nd compared, un der tho snptrinteudanee of tho Governor, I w ould recommend that lie be aiitborired to allow such "compensation forthem as he may consider adequate. Executive and Judicial Salaries. I would respectfully, but earnestly impress upon the Le"UUture the justice of increasing tho salaries of Judicial and Executive otlicers. They were fixed nt a tiino of low prices. Now tbe expenses of living are, at least fifty per cent, greater thau they were tn-n. 1 h.- 1 . ..I 111. -.- iiiii«-1i•».inn. -- arc on.-rnus They occupy tbeir whole time, and for tbeir efficient performance, require experience and cultivated min i. Is it right, that their compensation should afford but a meagre subsistence for their famues 1 hone I shall bo pardoned forrt-lcrring specially to tbe Governor's salary. X can speak of it from ex- 1 being about to retire, without the im- liishness. I know that with the utmost npatible with tolerable geutiBtv, lie than $5000 00 annually. I.ook- i left Is this just 7 Is it sound policy 7 Is it reputable to the character of Georgia, with a taxablo wealth of six hundred millions 7 Reflect upon tho expenses of the Clerkships of the two houses of the legisla ture. They swell to the enormous sum of 835,000 oo equal to two-thirds of your appropriations for tho “Civil Establishment.” A suitable and much need ed retrenchment, in this single item, would enable you to pay adequate salaries to your Judicial and Executive officers. I snbmit these suggestions to your enlightened sense of justice. Georgia, aud Florida Boundary. In mv last biennial message, I called the attention of the General Assembly to a proposition, from the Governor of Florida, to suspend the suit in the Su preme Court of the United States, in relation to the boundary line between that State and this, with the view of endeavoring to settle the controversy by ne gotiation, and asked them “to adopt such measures as would enable the negotiation to be entered upon.’ ’ But the Legislature adjourned without taking any action on the subject. 1 therefore felt it ray duty, knowing the friendly disposition of Georgia towards Florida, to open a correspondence with tho Govern or oi the latter State, which resulted in a proposition by Governor Broome, “to adopt tho terminal points of the present recognised line as the true terminal points of the boundary line, to be re-surveyed, cor rected and marked, provided it is shown by either party that tbe present line is incorrect.” 1 accept ed the proposition in the following words: “Of coarse my acceptance of your proposition can have no force, until ratified by the Legislature of Geoqpa. So far, however, as I am authorized, I accept it.— But I have no power to appoint a surveyor, nor ap propriation to defray tho expense of resurvey. But the Legislature of Georgia wilt convene on tbe first of November, and 1 will submit tbe wholo subject, with our correspondence, and cheerfully recommend them to tako such action, as will enable my succes sor to bring tho matter to a final termination. I en tertain no donbt but tho Legislature will promptly do so.” It is proper to observo that the Governor of Florida, although content with its terminal points, is of the opinion that tbo present recognized lino is imperfectly surveyed, and marked, und crooked.— All that this proposition contemplates, besides agreeing to the terminal points is, that that line snail be re-surveyed and re-marked, provided it shall be shewn by either party that it is imperfect. If true, it is the interest of both States, that the line should be correctly run, and well defined ; and as Georgia is acting entirely on the defensive, not wishing to enlarge her territory at tho expense of Florida, I promptly accepted the proposed basis of settlement and respectfully submit tho same for your consideration. It is but justice to say, that through out tlie entire correspondence, the Governor of Florida, exhibited tbe most amicable spirit and the utmost respect for the feelings and rights of this State, all of which was most cordially reciprocated on my part. Geological Survey. Without entering into the argument, I ro new the recommendation, for a Geological survey of the State, so imperatively demanded by its vast unde veloped agricultural and mineral resources. The expense of such a work is alisolutely insignificant, compared with its beneficial results. Will the Le gislature continue to refuse encouragement for the improvement of the soil 7 Shall we never see the day when science shall direct the enterprise of the husbandman, and explore tbe treasures of our moun tains 7 pent' putati. fi ll tlieJudg... put iilcr defraying tlieir travelling expel i,-r our juiblio lueu, allured by ill -’ederal offices, turn away from those of the State.— No won- attractions of TItc Militia. The necessity of revising and amending tho Mili tia laws, so as to render them efficient, for the pur pose designed, has so often been presented to the General Assembly, without eliciting favorable ac tion, that I feel as if I am obtruding upon your con sideration an unwelcome theme, by renewing the subject. But such, in tbe judgment of tho Kxlcu- tive, is the magnitude and importance of tho object, that I venture again to iuvite special attention toil The military power is the right arm of the govern ment. Wo depend upon it to enforce the civil laws of the land, if resisted by numbers sufficient to re quire its interposition, to crush insurrection and re pel invasion. A standing army is repugnant to the character of our government, and therefore a citizen soldery is our only reliance, for ail tho emergencies which may call for tlie employment < f military force. Aro our liberties worth preserving ? Are our civil rights aud institutions sufficiently valuablo to be maintained and defended 7 Ours being tbo only government on earth that recognises the equality and sovereignty of the people, it is despised by des pots, wbo watch with hopetul anxiety, the opportuni ty for successful assault, and with evident gratifica tion, every symptom of fatal civil discord. Can it be expected then, that we are to enjoy a perpetual reign of peace and that our career to greatness and renown will be unimpeded by the shock and ca lamities of war 7 Our territory stretches from the Atlantic to the Pacific, and from Lake Superior to the Uult of Mexico. Oar population is increasing with unexampled rapidity, our interests aro diversi fied and conflicting, the social institutions of the South differ from tiiose of the North and they are relentlessly assailed by tho Abolitionists, whose pol icy, if triumphaut, will drive us from tne Union, or to tbe more terrible degradation of submission to their aggressions. Shall wo lie supinely upon our backs aud “bug the delusive phantom” of peace and fraternity 7 Shall we make no preparation for sett- defeuce and self-preservation, when every year brings nearer to our doors tho assassin and tho iu- ccndiaiy 7 I am sufficiently bopefnt of the future. I would not sketch exaggerated pictures of our pros pect. I would uot too readily anticipate tho hor rors of the storm and the tempest. But ifhistonr be true, tbe past leads us to expect difficulties and tho voice of patriotism aud wiedom admonishes us to prepare for them. Even now, our political horizon is draped in clouds, and tho deep muttcrings of dis content are heard, from one extreme to tbe other of tho Union. Sooner than we suppose, we may be forced to defend our rights and honor by tbe cour age of our people and the strength of our arms. Are we ready 7 On tbe contrary, wo linvo almost no or ganised military force. Our militia laws ore disre garded. Scarcely a district in the Stjde is property officered. Our people are unarmed and untaught in the art of war. The effective military strength of tho State is not and cannot be ascertained, under existing laws. I respectfully submit to the Legisla ture, whether this stato of tbfugs ought to be permit ted longer to exist 7 Is it compatible with tho hon or and dignity of the State 7 Is it not fearfully haz ardous to our safety within and from without 7 Is it not, in troth, an invitation for aggression 7 What is the remedy 7 We mast have a thorough militia organization, with such regulations, as will render tlie system capable of enforcement. We must have a sufficient number of men traiued in military tac tics to officer tho forces of tho State. The Georgia Military Institute (whose report is herewith submit ted,) is rapidly supplying this disideraium, and there fore, it should bo fostered by the Legislature with the utmost liberality. Wo ought to have a well or ganized and drilled volunteer corps in every conn- ty in the State ; and therefore tbo formation of com panies should bo encouraged. Tbis may be effectu ally done, by exempting from military duty, except in time of war, invasion or insurrection, all between tbo ages of eighteen aud forty-five years, who may have served, for seven years continuously, in any compauy. The military spirit should be fostered.— Tbis may be done by raising and setting apart a fund to defray the expenses of an annual military encamp ment, at such time aud place as the Commandor-iu- Chief may order. Such convocation will give uni formity in drill secure tho enforcement of discipline, cultivate fraternal feeling among the corps, aud iu some degree, inure them to tho usages and hardships of the field. Such a food as may be required for tlie purpose can be raised, by substituting a small com mutation tax, in lieu of actual military duty, in time of peace, at tbe option of the citizen. Our people, liable to perform military service, ought to Bo tur- uished with arms. It is vain to rely upon the pit tance dulled out, by tbe General Government, under tbe act of Congress, for arming tbe Militia of the United States. The supply from this source, is in adequate to furnish even tho few volunteer compa nies scattered over tho State. Hence, tbe Legisla ture should either make an annual appropriation for this purposo or establish an Armory, for tho manu facture of arms. The latter, it is believed, will prove tbe more efficient and in tho end, the more economical. 1 earnestly invoke your favorable consideration of tbis important branch of the pub lic service. Education. It is needless to adduce arguments to convince in telligent men of tbo educational wants of Georgia. It is demonstrated by tbe fact that there are many thousand adults in our midst, who can neither read nor write, and as many poor children who must be forever debarred the blessings of education, in con- seqneuce of the poverty of tbeir parents; by the CTeat deficiency of teachers to supply the demand iu almost every section of tho State; by the charac ter of our political institutions, which arc based up on the assumed capacity of the people for self-gov ernment; by the tact that so many of our children aro sent to distant States for education, where they are liable to imbibe doctrines hostile to our peculiar social organization, and aro surrounded by influ ences calculated to impart an anti-Southern tone to tlieir sentiments nml feelings; by the crime that hardens our criminal dockets, aud levies its thou sands of tribute upon the earnings of hones: indus try to support paupers and prisons; by tho violence and corruption that desecrate the ballot-box at all our popular elections: by the exhaustion of the soil under a system of Agriculture that glories in exclu ding the application of scientific principles. I am aware, that education, to bo_ effective, mu-t com mand the zeal anil appreciative energies of the pa rents of each succeeding generation. 1 am equally aware that tin- i-.-tabiisliim-at of any general-neiiie, will require, iu the eud. a large expenditure of mo ney. But as it may uot bo accomplished iu a day or n year, so the entire amount need not be appropri ated at once. It most be a work of time, and its fruits gathered through successive years of patience and toil. Bat shall tbis bo an argnment for postpon ing indefinitely its commencement 7 Is it not rather an incentive to speedy action, stimulated by the promptness of patriotism and philanthropy 7 But tho o jligation of the Legislature res. < upon social groundi. Tho Constitution is tnand- .orv. Article IV. Section XII. deolares that “The arts and sci ences shall be promoted in the establishment of one or more seminaries of learning, and the Legislature shall, as soon as convieniently may be. give such further donations and privileges to those already es tablished, as may be necessary to secure the objects of tlieir institution; and ii shall bo tho duty of the Gcnoral Assembly, nt their next session, (that is, tho next session after the adoption of the Constitution) to provide effectual means forthe improvement ana permanent security of the funds and endorsements of such institutions.” What has been done to carry into effect this danse of your Constitution 7 How little 7 It has reference mainly to the State Univer sity, which Bad been chartered in 1785. Hence it is obvious that it is the sworn duty of the General As sembly to place our State University upon the foot ing contemplated by ita wise and patriotic founders, or in othorwords, “give it such donations and privi leges as may be necessary to secure the objects of its institution.” Indeed, tho whole subject of edn- cation is confided to tbe General Assembly, with the positive injunction to such action os may be proper to supply the wants of the State. That contracted policy which is ever standing at tho door of tho Treasury with a flaming two-edged sword, is bat lit tle jbettei' than moral treason to the Constitution, which, for more than halfa century, has been plead ing for conformity on the part of those who swear to obey. Education is tbe friend of tbe State. It will elevate the people. It will diminish crime and the expense of executing the laws. It will prize ont tho poor from tbe mire into which innocent poverty has sunk them, and placo them on an intellectual equali ty with the favored sons of fortune. It will dig from the mine many an unpolished gem to glitter in the crown of cultivated society. It will stimulate enter- prize, aud direct its energies to profitable objects.— It win dignify labor and open new channels for capi tal. It will disinter tho mineral wealth of the State, and add millions to tbe productions of Agriculture. It will bring into tlie field of science an array of mind that will adorn our escutcheon and dazzle the world by its achievements. In a word, Georgia must fail oi her great mission, without the adoption of a wisn and comDrelionMvn Rduptitinnal nnliuv ! A wav. wise and comprehensive educational policy ! Away, then, with thatnarrow stinginess which begrudges a dollar to auch a cause, while it is often wasteful of thousands upon objects that possess little or no mer it. Go forward boldly, firmly, liberally, to meet tho wants of the State. Adjust your scheme to the char acter of our population. Apply to the task your wisest deliberations. Impart to it the element of self-vindication aud self-support. Make it simple in its dotails, and dependent for ita success and growth, uponthe voluntary support of the people. Can auch a system of Common School education ho devised 7 What has been accomplished in other States can be done here. Upon so delicate and dif ficult a subject. I present the outline ot a plan with diffidence. But 1 make the venture lor what it is worth, hoping that it may, at least, prove suggestive of something better. 1. Authorise each county, at its option, to be divi ded into Common School Districts, of snch dimon sions, that children can walk from their several boun daries to the school houses to be located in the cen tres. ' ■■■■ 2. Let each District be clothed with the power of self-taxation, and tho appointment of a Treasurer. 3. Let each District, by meeting annually to he held, declare what sam they are willing to raise for Common School purposes therein, to be collected by taxation, as tho Statu Tax is now collectod by law, and to he paid over to tho District Treasarer. 4. Upon the Report of tbe District Treasurer to the Execntive, of the amount Actually collected, let the Governor be authorized to draw his warrant on the Stato Treasury for a like sum, to be paid to the said District Treasurer, which, together with the money thus collected by voluntary taxation, shall constitute a Common School fund tor such District, for the year for which it may bo intended. 5. Let the Common School District Treasurer be required to give bond and security, under the ap proval of the Inferior Court of the county, for tho faithful application of the fund, and to mako annual returns to the Inferior Court on the first Monday in January, in each year, ac ompanied with vouchers for his disbursements. Tho advantages of this plan are palpable. First, itis simple—secondly, it addresses itself to thevol untary action of the people of each District. If they wish a school, they can have it; if they do not, it will not be forced upon them. Thirdly, this appeal to the voluntary princiofii will beget thought ana de bate, so that if rejcotei. at first, truth will finally pro vail, and the system be adopted. It will therefore wove to be a growing, self-vindicating, self-sustain ng system. Fourthly, it meets the objection which is so formidable, that in some sections, the population is so sparse, that the Common School system is im practicable. It is intended to operate only where there are inhabitants, and even then alone uponthe condition, that they are willing and ready to do their part towards it. Lastly, the absenco of school pri vileges will no longer deter immigration to destitute regions. This plan will invite immigration, and thus soon till up tho uninhabited Districts, It uiay bo thought that the adoption of such a sys tom will, at once, create a demand for money which the State Treasury cannot meet. That it will require a considerable sum of money, is obvious; but not so much as to deter from the experimcfll. It will not be adopted in every county of the State, at first—much less by every School District. Many will not have tho population ; many will reject it for years, until they have discussed it thoroughly, and risen to a proper appreciation of education; many more, eith er from luability or disiuclination, will impose on themselves a very light tax. Therefore, the amount called for from the State Treasury, will, in the infan cy of the system, be comparatively small. Besides, in this particular form, it need not bo perpetual.— When it shall have diffused population and the bless ings of education ever the State, it can be modified, as experienco may show to be necessary. The great desideratum for the present, is to arouse our people to the importance of the subject. \\ hen this shall havo been accomplished, they will not stop to weigh dollars and cents against education. But this, nor any other system of education can be carried into effect, without a vast increase of the corps of teachers. How can tho requisite number be su pplted 7 Tho modo is simple, if the Legislature will respond to tho promptings of a liberal spirit— We have several denominational Colleges in Geor gia, founded by privato enterprise. Why should not the Legislature endow an Agricultural Professorship in one of each denomination, upon the condition that it will educate, gratuitously, a specified number of young men in each Congressional District, to be selectod as the Legislature may direct, who shall pledge themselvos to teach a given number of years, after their graduation, in tho District from which they were selected 7 This will rapidly supply edu cated teachers, native born, and sympathising with Southern interests and institutions. As an additional means of obtaining native teach ers, let tlie State educate, at her own expense, in the Stato University, one young man from each county of tho Stato to be chosen by the Inferior Court there of, and to he pledged to teich a given number of years, in tho county from which he shall havo been chosen. This will very soon supply tho deficiency, and render us independent of those itinerant adven turers from other States, who aro too often hostile to oar peculiar institutions. But our necessities do not stop here. Wo need a University proper. Such, its founders designed our State Collego to bo ; and tho Constitution, us I have shown, has mado it obligatory on tho General As sembly to carry that design into effect. When young men have been graduated, whither can they resort, if they deeire to pursue a course of study iu the ad vanced sciences 7 Finding no suitable institution for such purposes at home, they are compelled to go abroad, or to abandon their high and laudable aspi rations. Tlie consequence is, that most of our edu cated men, greatly to the detriment of tho Common wealth, plunge iuto politics os the only path to dis tinction, or permit their cultivated powers to rest in inglorious ease. That this, or somo other theme, for tho object in dicated, should be adopted, is obvious to all who re flect upon tlie educational wants of tlie State. In deed, past attempts demonstrate the hold which tho subject has upon the public mind. It seems, how ever, that they havo all been baffled by the idea that the pecuniary means cannot bo furnished. But this difficulty will vanish from the mind, if the re sources and increasing wealth of the Stato be duly estimated. As a Georgian, X am proud to believe that she is able to accomplish whatever she dare at tempt, if tho object be worthy of her renown, and within the competency of patriotic energy and en terprise. Federal Relations. Touching our Federal relations, tho Execntive is possession of no information, that does not meet tho eye of every close observer of passing events. We hove no indication of any abatement of aboli tion hostility to tho institution of Southern slavery. The signs cf the times forebode the same excitement, for the future, which has disturbed the harmony of tlie Union, for the last twenty-live years, Kcckou- g Delaware, which wo may safely do, as virtually nou-siavcholding State, tho equilibrium between the Ninth and Ill'- .'.. .tii. in lit" Senate of the United States, is already permanently destroyed. This in- inalily will be rapidly Increased, by the accession the many hew States to he formed, in quick emi ssion, from the public domain. What then is the turu security ol tho South f It is scarcely to bo hoped for, in '.he Constitutional guaranties, which r South lia- a ri_-ht to claim, for tin. Free* Soil senti- •nt, already in the ascendency, aud totally regard- is cf Constitutional obligations, will bo still more potent and maddened into, more intolerable inso lence, by. the consciousness of power. It is, there fore, a punful truth that, In the present aspect of affairs, our surest ground of security is to he found in a political organization, who, for tlie sake of the Union, will respect our rights. Such an organiza timi now exists. It is composed of tho South and ; large portion of tho people of the North, who, whtls: a majority of them differ from us on tho abstract question of slavery, yet co-operata with us, in main taining onr rights, oo long as it can persove its as cendency. we may expect security, lint now fickle and unstable is such a reliance I Ilow humiliating, to feel that tho Constitution, in its purity, has ceased to be the bulwark of onr safety I )t is hopingalmosl against the growing strength of Abolition fanaticism Our friends in the non-slaveholding States arc annual ly becoming weaker, and, in view of tho largo num her of non-slaveholding States which must ho carved out of the Territories, they must inevitably fall, at last, and leave tho South, in a minority, to tight he own battles. may not ho the tides of t" tii.- tides nf the Ocean, it m ver ebbs. It will roll on to triumph, unless it be baffled by a united South, resolved to preserve herrights or die in the struggle, Let such unanimity bo encouraged and promoted, As for Georgia, she has taken her position. Wo will plead tho Constitution, as long as there is hope ; wo will co-operate wit our Northern friends, as long as by such organization, we can preserve our rights ; we will cling to tho Union, so long as it shall shelter us lrom aggression. But If all these fail, and we bo compelled to chose between dishonor, and the alter- native of tho “ Georgia Platform,” wo will face the storm, with the unflinching firmness of the martyr’s courage. In closing this communication, and retiring from tho Executive office, 1 avail myself of tho occasion to express my unfeigned gratitude for the confidence reposed in me. by the people of Georgia. That I may have committed errors, I readily admit; but conscious of having endeavored to discharge my duties faithfully, I cheerfully commit my administra tion to tho verdict of impartial history, and earnestly invoke Heaven’s richest blessings upon iny native Stato. 1IERSCHEL V. JOHNSON. CITY HOTEL—SAVANNAH. T HE undersigned having purchased Hr. J. B. Foley's interest in the City Hotel, begs lijiii to inform the traveling public that he will use I'aV'tl every effort to make the house an agreeable stop E ing place for those who may he pleased to favor im with their patronage. Mr. Edmund Murphy will bo associated with him in conducting tho business of tho house. sep 8 JACKSON BARNES. MRS. F. DESSAU H AS determined to sell out her entire f" Stock of Millinery, J 4 ? SIEK AND FANCY GOODS, ^ now offers them at vezy reduced prices (atiirst cost) FOR CASH BEFORE DELIVERY. Ladies, now is your chance, call soon and got the first choice. All having accounts at MRS. DESSAU’S and pay up now will receive a discount of two per cent. MRS. HOWLAND I S now opening FALL and WINTER MlIiLI.UiltY. Consisting of all the Fashionable Styles of BONNETS. HEADDRESSES, FEATHERS, FLOWERS, CLOAKS AND BERAGES SILK EVENING DRESSES, CRINOLINES, WIRE BRAIDS, STELLA SHAWLS AND SCARFS. All of which will he sold on the most reasonable terms for Cash. Country Milliners supplied with bonnets by the Case or Dozen. All orders promptly attended to in Millinery or Dress Making.oct27 MILLINERY. M RS. AUDOIN would respectfully announce to the ladies of Macon and surrounding conn- y-. ties, that she lias removed to her New Brick VJ Store, next door to the Mechanic’s Bank, on 2d-/ w w r street, (her old stand) where she is now receiving and opening an entire now Stock of FASHIONABLE GOODS in her line, consisting of STRAW, SILK AND VEL VET IIATS, nowest style. HEAD DRESS ES, of every design. CURLSAND HAIR BRAIDS, EMBROI DERIES Of rich qualities. LACE SETTS of various pat terns. Also a variety of FANCY ARTICLES, too tedious to mention. All of which will ho sold very reasonably to CASH customers. Thankful for past favors, she solicits a continu ance of tho custom of her old friends and will study to deserve the kind patronago ofall who may call and view her goods. oct 27—tf Fall and Winter Millinery. M RS. A. DAMOUR has just returned from New York with a splendid and fashionable assort ment of the above named goods, consisting of Silk Velvet and Straw Mats, Plumes, F'owers. Ribons, Caps, Head Dresses, Point Lace Setts, Berthas, Embroideries, Cloaks ofall qualities, Long Shawls, Broocho Shawls, Chenille Shawls and Scarfs. A largo lot of new styles Extension Skirts, Whale bone and other BOOP4 for SKIRTS. A lot of fine Robes with trimmings on tho sido and other Goods for Dresses, such as Cauton Crape, Flounced Robes, Ac. oct 13 ly Advertisements at the regular charge will be Ont Dollar per square of 10 lines or less, forthe first in sertion, aud Fifty Cents for each subsequent inser tion. AH advertisements not specified as to time will bo published until forbid and charged accord ingly Obituary Notices not exceeding ten lines, wil be published gratis ; but cash at the rate of One Dol lar for every ten manuscript ines exceeding that number, must accompany all longer notices, or they will be cut short. UFTho Telegraph goes to press at 3 o’clock, Monday Evenings. Advertisers will oblige by hand ing in their favors, as early as Saturday, if possible ROBERT Fl.NDLAT.Mt., JAMES Jt. FINDLAY. CHIUS. D. FINDLAY. FINDLAYS’ STEAM E^GIjNTE MAN l FAC TORY. IRON AND BRASS FOUNDRY AND GENERAL MACHINE SHOP, MACON, GEORGIA. T HE Proprietors of this Establishment would re spectfully call the attention of those contem plating the erection of Steam Mills, for Sari/;? and Grinding, or for any other purpose whatever. Tho superiority of tho Work has been, and will be, a suf ficient guarantee for an extensive and increasing patronage. Our Workshops and superior outfit of Tools, Patterns and Machinery, nfiord facilities for the expedition of work possessed by no other estab lishment in the State. Our prices and terms will compare favorably with that of any first class North ern Establishment. Tho following comprise a list of Machinery, Ac ; for any portion of which we will he pleased to receive orders, viz. Steam Engines, Boilers, Saw Mill Machinery, Circular Saws, Mill Gearing, Mill Stones, of best quality for Corn and Wheat, Water Wheels, a great variety, Gin Gear, all sizes, Iron Railings, for Cemeteries, Public and Private Buildings, &c,, of Wrought and Cast Ieo.v, very superior, embracing strength with beauty of Design. Sugar Mills and Syrup Boilers, all sizes, Columns for Stores, Churches, &c- Ac.. Gold Mining Machine ry, with Double and Singly acting Force auil Lift Pumps of any feqnired size, Shafting with Turned Pollies, from tho smallest size to nine feet Di ameter, Cotton Press Irons, Cotton Screws, Mill Screws and Bales, England's Celebrated self-acting Car Couplings, and other Rail Road Castings. All work warranted to be equal to tho best made elsewhere. It. FINDLAY & SONS. Macon, March 4th, 1857. mar 10 Copartnership Notice. T HE Subscriber has this dav associated with him in business, his sous JAMES N. ft C. D. FIND LAY. Tho name and style of the FIRM will here after he R. FINDLAY'ft SONS, and the Business as li-ri-tofon that of a First /** ■-< zr Es tablishment. ROBERT FINDLAY. Macon March 4th 1857. marlO— Dissolution. T HE firm of CARHART ft BRAY was dissolved on the 1st January, 1857, by mutual consent. Either of tho Partners aro authorized to settle up the old business of the concern. All indebted, will please call and settle at an early date, ns it is desirable to close it up immediately. \V. H. BRAY", fob 10 W. D. CARHART. Notice. T HE firm of BItA\ r ft CARHART having been dissolved, its business will bo continued by CARHART ft CURD, a partnership formed and du ly published under the Act of the Legislature of the Stato of Georgia, authorizing the formation of Spe cial Copartnerships. Tho old friends and customers cf Brav ft Carhart, together with all new ones, are .solicited to callat the old stand on Third street, where can always he found a largo and well selected Stock of Hardware and Cutlery, consisting in part of Blacksmith's Tools, Carpenter’s Tools, Machinist’s Tools, Planter’s Hardware. Builder's Hardware, Carriage 'Trimmings, Buggy Materials, Mill Iron and Saws of every description. Hails and Horse Shoes, Agricultural Implements, Springs and Axles, IKOi\ AND STEEL.. 100 Tons of Swedes Iron of our own im- ' portation, Refined Iron, Flat, Round and Square Iron, Common English Iron, Hoop Band Iron, Oval and Half Round Iron, Plow Steel, Cast Steel, German Steel, Blister Steel, Spring Steel, <^Tt., all of which we are bound to sell at the lowest mar- ket prices. CAJR1IAKT &. CVRD. feo 10 To Country A Nearly call is respectfully solicited from you as XV. we can sell you a great many goods as cheap as they can be purchased in any market South of New York. Six months is given with approved credit. Call and see for vourselves. ROSS, COLEMAN ft ROSS. To the Planters of Georgia. Remember that you will do well to call and exam ine our Blankets before purchasing. Every stylo at prices lower than you ever bought them. ROSS, COLEMAN ft ROSS. ROSS, COLEMAN 8f ROSS Have just opened five cases of Prints, six cases of Bleached llomspuns, at prices so low as to defy comparison—Don’t fail to prico them if you want Cheap Goods. Grand and Unprecedented Attrac- TION AT ROSS, COLEMAN & ROSS’ “BAZ.l.VU Off FASHION” where everything can be found in the shapo of Fancy and Staple Dry Goods, at prices so uniformly low as to excite the ad miration of tho purchaser, and insnro to tho seller large and spoody sates. Como and look, no charge for showing goods, as wo wish to verify our asser tions. se P 23 NEW FALL and WINTER GOODS. T HE subscriber is now recoiling a largo and handsome stock of Staple and Fancy Dry Goods Suitable for Fall aud Winter Trade. Among them will be found rich Silk Robes, Also,Byaderestripe Silks, plain Silks for Misses’and children's wear; fine lot of English and French Merinos, Cashmeres, Muslin de Lain as. Poplins, Lustres, Ging hams, French, English and Amorican Prints, Ac. CASSIMERES and SATINETS, for MEN and BOYS’ "W E -A. IR. . Alsoa large lot of HOSIERY’ for Ladies and -Miss es, Gents and Boys ; Bleached Shirtings and Sheet ings, cheaper than any ever before otlered to the public. IltlSH XAN’KA’S, a large stock very cheap ; BED Itl.ANKKTM .',11 qualities; FLA!Y5fEL8, LI5SEYS, and iu fact every article usaally kept In a first class DRY GOOD establishment. We intend selling Goods as low if uot lower than any House in Georgia. Our customers anil the public generally, are earn- tly requested to give us a call before purchasing sewhere, ns wo intend to try and give them the Worth of their money. GEO. W. PKICE. ONWARD ! IS OUR MOTTO. T HE increasing patronage and general satisfac tion of our customers convince ns that onr sys tem of business is a good one, viz : Small Profits and Quick Sales. We have now in store and shall receive by every Steamer from New Y'ork as handsome a stock of FANCY AND STABLE DRY GOODS as ever has been brought to the city of Macon, which wo are determined to sell as cheap, if not CHEAPER than any other house in the trade; among which will he found a splendid lot of VELVET & CLOTH CLOAK*, TALMAS Side Striped Silk Robes and other Silks, French and English Merinoes, Plain and Figured DeLaines, French, English and Ameri can Prints, Long and Square Shawls, Cheneilie Shawls and Scarfs, Bonnet Ribbons, French Collars nnd Sleeves, Bands, Jaconet ft Swiss Edgings, Bed Blankets, Ne gro Blankets and Ker seys, YVliito and Red Flan nels, Satinetts, Cassimcres, Ken tucky Jeans, Ladies Cloths, ftp., Ta ble Damasks and Napkins, Bleached and Brown Sheetings nnd Shirting andmanv other things too numerous to mention ; All of which will bo sold r cry low for cash. New Yoiuc Stofk, Macon,sept 15 DENMAN ft WATERMAN. Fall Goods FOR PLANTERS AND MERCHANTS. /rf\ Buies Ga. lCerse, OU -- “ Northern do j Bales Ga. Kerseys, 10 cases Flanel * li Tldting JeanesA. Cassimers, Stripes, Blch’d llomspuns, Satinetts, Alpacas, Linens. 5,000 Xegro Blankets, 27 500 Bed do 30 75 cases Wool Ilats, 20 320 “ Shoes, 10 20 “ Prints, 10 10 “ Ginghams, 7 30 11 Clothing, Wo are adding daily to our stock a general assort ment of goods in our lino to which we invite the at tention of purchasers who aro in search of Good Bargains. J. B. «Sc W. A. BOSS. City paper please copy this advertisement. Embroideries. W E can now show many novelties in Embroide ries, and our Laco Goods aro really superb. Also, the largest variety of Muslin, Flouncing aud Trimmings in tho city. Just received hj- xep 29 BOSHCK « KBQL UAGGI.VU ANiD HOFF. GAfY COILS Richardson's best Rope, OUU 200 half coils do do do 200 do YVliite Rope, 200 do N. York do 2000 lbs Twine, 800 Rolls Heavy Gunny Bagging, 200 Bales do" do do For sale by J. B. ft W. B. ROSS, sep 8 N"ew Flour. O NE car load S. T. 6c Family. 25 Bids. Coosa Water, equal lo Hiram Smith’s. For sale by J. B. & W. A. BOSS. <DRY, l’LOI K, Ac. Q/-VZX BUSHELS Corn. OUU 200 Sacks new Superfine and Family Flour, 2000 lbs. Choice Sugar Cured, Canvassed Hums, just received and for sale by sept 1 McCALLIE ft JONES. Cotton Avenue. ATTENTION PLANTERS. W E CAN SUPPLY you with Negro Blankets, Kerseys ami Plantation Goods, on as favora le terms as any other establishment in Georgia.— is a call, [sep 20-tt] Ljg” Messenger copy. BOSTICK ft KE1N. Cane Mill3 and Syrup Boilers- C ANE MILLS of various sizes and prices,yds. Syrup Boilers, designed expressly for tin- pm pose, from :jo gallons to any required size, kept cot stantly on hand and made to order, by aug 25 U. FIN OLA V ft SUN. Seed Kye and Barley. 1 Ad BUSHELS new Seed Rye, 1UU 200 bushels new Seed Barley, just received by McCALLIE ft JONES, sept 1 NEGROES FOR SALE, A ND Manufacturers' Bank in payment taken at par. THOS. BAGBY, oet '-‘0 at Orr'a old stand, Macon, Ga -