Newspaper Page Text
CULTURE OF THE PEANUT.
PHOULIAB, OHABAGTBBZSTIOS O?
THIS LAOtMBINOTJS PLANT.
Indtffenoag to Aflrlca, But Now
Grown in Evory Clime—Its Elon- j
sated Pod a Botanical Curiosity.
According to tho American Encyclo-
pa?dia tho peanut is a leguminous plant, !
botanicallv known as the nrachis liywo-
gia. It has several other common
names than that by which wo arc nccus- j
tomod to call it, among them doing
ground pea and ground nut. In the
Southern States it is known as pindar
and gouber, while by tho French it is j
called the pistache de lerro. It is gene
rally believed to be indigenous to Africa,
although there are live or six species of
the genus found growing wild in Brazil.
It has been successfully introduced into
Spain, has for several years been raised
in the States of Virginia, Georgia, Ten
nessee, and has more recently been cul
tivated in California. A small variety
also grows in China.
Roughly speaking, it might be said
that tho peanut looks like clover and
grows like a Bweet potato, but for those
who prefer a stricter and more botanical
description the following may be quoted:
Tho plant is a diffusely branched, trail
ing annual, with abruptly pinnate leaves
with four leaflets; the small yellow flow-
era are in auxiliary heads or spikes; calyx
■with one narrow lobe making a lower
lip, the upper lip four-toothed and with
a long threadlike tube; heel of tho co
rolla incurved and pointed; stamens
united into a tubo by their lilameuta,
each alternate shorter than the others;
ovary at the bottom of the long calyx
tubo. After the flower falls away tho
forming pod is forced into tho soil by
tho elongation of tho rigid dellexed stalk
to which it is attached. The forming
pod then rapidly enlarges and forms a
thick-shelled iudehiscent pod, with a
strongly netted surface, often contracted
between tho seeds, of which it contains
two or three. These have very thick
cotyledons and an extremely short ra
dicle.
The burying of tho “forming pod."or
.nut, by the “elongation of the rigid de
fied stalk” is the peculiarity of this
plant, and is one of the curiosities of tho
Vegetable kingdom. The flower and leaf
*taiks are of entirely different characters,
'I he flower#talk i3 a trailing vine like
that of the melon and cucumber, the
blossoms appearing at short iuterva’s
along its length. Tho flower opcn3 and
blossoms close down to the s!a'k in tho
notch formed by the iitfle leavos shown,
nud it is not until after the potals hive
fallen and the seed pod is formed that
the pushing power is made manifest,
-Gradually thescod pod, or nut, is lifted
-a Wa y from tho stem and a little stalk
show'sItself. As this stalk grows so the
■nut at tho t»»d of it is pushed forward
.until it curves over like a fishhook, wilh
the little nut in the place of tho point
j£d barb. Gradually the nut is pushed
Mwn to the ground iind thi'U pushed
‘liflo it. If by any accident this is pre
vented the fruit ceases to grow.
Tho culture of the peanut is not dif
ficult. Good corn laud is generally se
lected in this county, care being taken
abut there is nothing in tho land that
would stain the shells. In this f tate a
tmudy loam that never suffers from
drought should be chosen. Tu fact, good
melon land is good peanut land. The
bottom lands on the borders of rivers
that receive a winter or spring overflow
are admirably adapted for the giowth of
this nut. Planting time may be had in
-March if thero i3 no frost, or from April
1 to 15. Tho ground should ha ploughed
live or six inches deep and then har
rowed. The uuts, which are, of course,
to bo planted raw, must be taken out of
♦he pod without breaking the skin, the
bwt plan being to crush the -hells with
-a light wooden hammer. The korncis
.are then planted in rows four f.ct apart
jmd twenty inches from hill to hill, with
£hrceor four kernels to each hill, cover
ing them about two inches deep.
The plan of planting adopted in the
South is to mark off the laud i:i furrows
three feet apart, and in these two pens
,are dropped at intervals of c ghtcen
Inches, and covered an inch and a half
deep.
)Vhon the nuts arc ripe, which will he
in October, tho California pcauut farmer
runs a furrow on each side of the row of
vines with, a bull tongue plow close
enough to loosen the soil nod plants,
'fhen he takes a light and narrow grub
bing hoe, digs up the vinos and turns
them over to dry, taking care never to
gather fu rainy weather or when tlie
..ground is »*e.ry wet. After allowing the
vines to lie in the sun for a day the best
plan is to stack them, after tho dew has
dried, in the following fashion: Driven
stnko of four or fix e feet long firmly into
the ground, spreading dried grass or hay
around it, so as to kee i the vir-.es from
ghc damp ground. Then lay the ylnes
aVo.md the post with the roots inw£i$,
taking care to leave a space around .the
stake lof purposes of ventilation, and
when the *< f ack is of n proper height,
that"li it with a straw cap tied to the
stake. I.et the Vi - ” e3 remain m the stack
•from three to flve and then pick
the nuts and send to mm/ £e t-
A clean, bright appear*.’ 100 °f tho
pods is largely to bo desiied, a>..” *° get
this tho nuts aro sometimes put a
sort of winnowing cage, which is turned
eithor by hand or power. Thero ;uo two
sorts of peanuts grown in California—
the white and the red—and to make the
variety still whiter the uuts are some
times treated to sulphur fames. The
red variety, by the way, is more easily
cultivated and sells for nbout tho samo
price. Tho whito variety runs aiongtho
ground, while tho red grows upright
in a bunch. The picking is a rather ar
duous task, but the labor will in all
probability b6 modified by the use of
machinery.
Tho peanut is an easy crop to raise—
tho demand for nuts lias trebled within
tho past few years- -ami has never yet
equaled the demand. The quantity of
peanuts used in this country may be set
down at ”,000,000 bushels per annum,
and this seems a large amount; but as j
there were imported into
than
,000 !
of j
~ -J 11 1
A mer
it u she D of
thel, it repro-
>t if.;:, 1-00,1.00.
of Califor-
iud it will be
seou how infinitessimal is the share whicl
this State enjoys of a groat business.—
Ban Francisco Chronicle. - v -
An Eight Thousand Milo Fonco.
James Watson, ono of the largest land
owners of Victoria, Australia, having
ovor thirty thousand acres undor fence,
has arrived at Sau Francisco. IIo says
jack rabbits aro so formidable that the
Australian Government is building a
fence of wire netting eight thousand
mile3 long to divide New South YValos
from Queensland and bar tho pests out.
They have not yet got into Queensland,
and tho government is moving heaven
and earth to get this check on them.
Prior to this hundreds of methods have
been tried. Apples impregnated with
arsenic have been cut and scattered over
the country. In this way the increase in
some portions has been stopped, but it is
not radical enough. Besides, the cost
is too great. It takes ten bushels of ap
ples for every six hundred rabbits. Thero
aro millions and billions of the pests,
and there are not apples enough to feed
to them. Phosphate of oats succeeds for
a while, but the phosphate soon loses its
effect.
Australia is paying no less than $135,-
000 per year to keep the rabbits down
on what is known as crown lands. The
government pays ten cents a pair for all
that are killed, and expert men make
from *00 to $40 per week at it. The
government still keeps standing its offer
of $100,000 to any man who will hit on
something to effectually eradicate the
pests. ^
Lands out iu the rabbit districts have
greatly deteriorated in price. Many
places where three or four years ago land
was worth $50 au acre won’t bring five.
Watson says he started a cannery, killing
atid canning rabbits and sending them
to Englaud. The first rabbits were taken
over from England ouly ten years ago
and wero introduced for sporting pur
poses, nobody having any idea they
would spread so rapidly.
A man from South America a couple
of months ago brought two dozen skunks
that he thought *would settle the rabbits,
but people arc dubious about them, for
j skunks iuereaso very rapidly too, and if
allowed to gain a foothold probably the
last state will be worao than tho first,
i The Australians aro anxiously look
ing for some invention or remedy
that w 11 put a quietus on rabbits. It
must come soon or many of the great in
dustries in tho colony will be paralyzed.
Tho e’ght tliousaud mile fence which
is being niado to keep tho rabbits out of
Queensland is the greatest enterprise of
the kind over heguu in tho W’orld. Its
construction is attended to with great
cost, but it is deemed wiser to undergo
this expense than let the pests override
the entire country.—rNew York Herald.
A Diamond Impostor.
There was a trick played in Paris some
time ago which is a fair illustration of
the sharp practices to which disreputable
dealers will ut times resort, says tho
Jewellers' Weekly. A diamond broker
brought to an Americau importer, who
was purchasing stones in the F.encb
Capita 1 , a package of diamonds, which
, he took from a largo, rod pocketbook iu
hio breast pocket. IIo lelt the stones
for examination and came back in the
course of four or live hours. The quality
of the goods was entirely satisfactory to
the purchaser, and the terms of sale wore
disc .ssed.
The broker wanted a higher price than
the dealer was willing to give, and they
haggled on for some time until the
difference between them amounted to
only a franc a karat.
The broker, however, stubbornly re
futed to go below tho figure he had
mentioned, mi'l the merchant was equally
determined not to go nbovo lib own
price; so the former put his diamonds
back into tlie red pocketbook and started
for fho dv.or, having retched which he
stopped, considered a moment and turned
buck, saying that he would yield the
point of’difference, even though he lost
money by it, as this would give him an
opportunity of securing the future trade
of the dealer to whom ho was talking.
I ut canio the pocketbook ngan, .and
from it was taken tho package of
diamonds, which were promptly trans
ferred and paid for. IVhen tho merchant
canto to opoa fps picket after he rea lied
homo, ho found that a comparatively
worthless lot of stones’ had been sub
stituted for those he hid examined prior
to making tlie purchase. The broker
had accomplished -this deception by
tarrying two red pocketjooks, quo in
each of his breast pocltffs, and both
of them containing packagts of diamonds
of exactly the same weight.
In taking back his food diamonds
from the dealer he had p<t them into tho
pocketbook whi.li lie mrried on tho
right side. When lief apparently re
considered h>s dctermiiatiqn ijot to sell
lie took out the pockctlpok frqui ips lelt
hand pocket and coavA'od from it to the
merchant a packet pprrpspondltig in
weight with the ono tie latter had been
bargaining for.
An 133$ it 1^el ICnlte.
! George Lpltlcw<yd. tho pedestrian,
' and his friend, Jut Drains, tho pugil
ist, arc good storytoiler.?.' Litilcwood's
relatives arc the proprietors of many
, public houses in flelHeld, England, and
n 'we (hey a^«: (toted throughout tho
count, for heir sporting proejivi-
... ‘ b' ’-m.iA however, do not so
,, ♦- go their thoughts as to
roughly ei>gjjj, eron ( t0 t j 10 ‘ la aniifao-
, make them um ■ uativo place,
tunng lndusfies oi ... * i
Little wood vas commenting o..
industries ii the presence of a group c*.
friends, nnc after lie had refreshed him
self thoroughly he said : ( ^
“Boys, if you over come to Sue i.o.d
I'll .show nkuife to you in which there
tire I&88 blades, a libido for each year.
Next year another bluffo will be put in.”
“And 1 can show a scissors so slender
that you can lun it thiv.igi) nu ordinary
pipe stem.”
There wasn’t a murmur from tho
crowd. - New Turk Ban.
Our CniuMliun Beumlnry line.
Tho boundary line of tho United Status
and (’autula is an imaginary line running
through tho gcogtaph cal center of the
outer chain of the great lakes. Sumo
points are marked by (lie course of tho
iffr. I awrencc, the Niagara, the Detroit
and the bt. Alary's River.?, a lid ot hors by
iron posts and marks oi tree*, cut at a
bight of five feet. Th to monuments
mark the bnuuJttr.v i i tin new countries
of Manitoba and British Columbia and
aro marked with the letters “U. ti.” and
“C.” on tho side} which face those tracts
respectively.
FABM AND GARDEN.
Tanning Sheepskins.
. ,<an and color sheepskins with the
wool on: Tan in alum dissolved in wa
ter. Proportion : Ono pound of alutq
to ono gallon of water. Wash tho wool
clean with plain soap. To color, use
anilino of any shade you desire. Dissolve
ono pound aniline in two gallons of wa
ter; strain before using; thou float skins
in a dye box, wool down. See that they
lie flat, and let remain till color or shade
you desire comes; then take out and run
through clear cold water, and hangup
in a hot room to dry. For plain white,
wash tho skins well after tanning as
described above. It not white enough,
hang up in a small room and bleach with
powdered sulphur, set in a pail in cen
tre of room, burning. Be careful to
have no escape ot the sulphur fumes,
and have tho room air-tight.— Western
Rural.
Fsedlng Turnip*.
As a refit, in moat localities, there will
bo a full crop of turnips this fall, and
this boing tln» case, prices aro liable to be
low, and oftcik.so low that they can be
fed to stock to.A better advantage than
to soli. It is time that they contain a
large amount of ’Water. Analysis show
ing only about fifteen percent, of nutri
ment, yet they aro comparatively an easy
crop to raise, and generuUy yield quite
largely, so that when this is taken into
consideration it can be seen that they
can often be used to quite an advan
tage
cheep, cattle, horses and poultry all
relish them, and they are not only
healthy, but aid during tho winter to
make up a good variety. If they can
be cut or sliced up, and then bran, corn-
meal or oil-meal, or a mixture of two or
three of those materials, a considerable
increase in the value as a feed may be re
ceived.
‘■'omo object to feeding them to milk
Slobbering In Horses. cowson account of the taste to the milk
The excessive secretion of saliva and butter, but this can be largely
which is known ns slobbering in horses avoided by feeding at the time the cows
may bo due to several causes. At this are milked.
time of the year it is most frequently Turnips make an excellent sheep feed
enused by pasturing upon second-growth and can be fed to them with profit,
clover, or white clover, or by feeding : They should be cut or sliced and then ho
second-crop hay. But it is also caused sprinkled liberally with bran. If fed
by diseased teeth and by disease of the I with clover or millet hay, sheep in this
glands of the mouth, and quite often by way can he wintered at a comparatively
injury to tho tonguo or teeth from the low cost, and at the same time keep
bit. Consequently it is necessary to find th -m in a good, thrifty condition. If
tho cause before the right treatment can only a small number of stock ;s to be
be determined upon. A quart of dry fed, a spade well sharpened,can be made
bran or middlings will stop tho flow of j to unswe; all necessary p irposes in cut-
salivn, if it is enused by eating clover or i ting them up,but with n large number of
clover hay, but if it is caused by any j stock it will be more economical to
disease this must be treated upon a I purchase a machine adapted especially
proper knowledge of its cause. Pow- j lor the work.
dered borax is useful to apply upon any ' It pays better to cut them than to feed
injured part of the mouth.—Alto Tor.’: j whole, while the danger of any of tho
Times. . stock getting choked will be considers-
bly lessened, while with tho bran or
Making tlie Most of Skim Milk. ! meal that should be fed with them, can
The old-fashioned farm rule was that be much more thoroughly digested, and
every cow kept for making butter would if the largest amount of benefit is de
warrant the keeping of another sow and sired it will be best to feed them in con-
pigs. Not that the skim milk would ncction with something else,
alone furnish sufficient food for these, i They are readily stored in pits and if
It would at first, and as tho pigs became covered with sufficient soil to protect-
larger, and the cow’s milk gradually de- 1 from frost, and sufficient drainage is
creased later in the season, the discrep- given so a? to be dry. they will keep in a
ancy became all tho time greater, but good condition, until spring.—Wisconsin
tho skim milk and buttermilk made a ' Agriwllurist.
basis. They gave the pig3 the kind of
food that made growth, while they could Farm anil Garden Notes,
fill up on various other foods to expand Inferior and surplus grapes make capi-
tho stomach and make fat. Tho nddi- tal vinegar.
tion of wheat bran and ground oats to y our neighbors have rights. See that
,_ lc ™ 1 „, mak< : aU k. c --1 possible food your animals do not annoy others.
SCIENTIFIC AND INDUSTRIAL.
for growing pigs. If given’a run at pas
ture or in a bearing orchard, a litter of
pigs may thus by fall bring nearly as
much from the skim milk as the house-;
wife has with great labor made from the
Crowding, much more than the curcu
lio sting, is the great cause of rot.
In the creamery business it costs nearly
as much to make 50-') pounds of butter
butter. At eight or nine months old theso ^ 100
pigs thus fed will have vigorous diges- J Vicious or quick-tempered men gea-
tivo organs and take read ly to corn crally own the vicious horses and kick-
feeding. But it is not policy, at least ing cows.
in warm weather, to feed corn to a pig Wind and cout'uuous wet lying may
pot yet s.x months old. . In winter some embarrass sheep, but cold never does, so
corn may be a necessity to promote long as tho rations are dulv selected aud
warmth; but it may bo supplemented regularly served.
for growing pigs with other and less fat
tening food.—American Citlti a‘nr.
In regard to buying fertilizers, inmost
cases it pays better to draw manures to
the farm than bulky feeds like straw or
hay to he made into manure.
Farmers might economize barn room
by bailing their hay. It is said that four
tons may thus Le stored iu the space
Turkeys Without Trouble.
For a long time poultry-writers re
pelled me trom the attempt to keep
turkoys by representing that success in
volved gteat cave: “The young must
have cooked eggs, milk, any other del:- which one ton would occupy when loose,
pate foods; they aro very tender and Some people drive cruelly, when nfew
must be kept confined for the three or minutes longer time on the way would
four first weeks; and after all this labor save the horse and carriage twenty-five
find cost, very taxing to tlie mind, many or, perhaps, fifty per cent, in wear and
of them are lost, which makc3 the profit tear.
quite slim, if there be any at all.” So the \ Vermont beo keeper says that a
story ran. But m the spring of 1S8., solution of soda and water is among the
concluding to try my luck, I purchased best remedies to apply wherever the beo
some eggs and hatched a small gang. I or wasp has inserted its venom through
kept them up of mornings until the dew
was oil; then they were turned out. I
fed them a few days oncornmeal dough,
then wheat screenings only until they
yrcregrown; and I did not lose one. Last
spring 1 set the eggs under turkey-liens;
tney carpo off each With a nice brood.
I paid no attention to them; let tlie hens
the stin<_
It is not safe to assume that warming
cither food or water will increase its nu-
t itive effect, Wo know it to be a fact
that even in cold weather we prefer cold
water to drink.
Get poultry to marketby Friday night
It is a curious fact that ants have been
discovered carrying tho plant lice to the
roots of corn.
The electric light is making its way in
London slowly but surely, notwithstand
ing its expensiveness.
On the last voyage of the Talisman
0800 specimens of deep-sea fishes were
brought to the surface.
A little powdered pine charcoal scat
tered over a burn will allay the pain al
most immediately and greatly facilitate
a cure.
A New Haven (Conn.) doctor advises
j every man in business to take a nap of
! an hour or two during each forenoon and
i afternoon.
Physicians say that a bare upper lip is
injurious to the eyes, the moustache
, serving to break somewhat the down-
! ward fall of one's vision,
j The library of the United States Gcc-
* logical Survey, begun in l’SD, now eon.
| tains about 15,00b bound volume-, more
j than 40,000 pamphlets, and the finest
i collection of maps in the country— num-
j boring about 30,00 >.
i 'ihe antidote for all acids except
chromic, prussic, oxalic'ar.d the arsenic
scries is white of eggs’ well beaten up
with water; or a teaspoonful of mustard
flour in a cup of hot water; or, in case
of strong acids, very thick lime water.
Eucalyptus leaves anti extract have
long been uscl for the removal and pre
vention of scales in steam boilers. Scien
tific authorities recommend it, and
engineers in public service have been al-
vised to use it by the engineering
; authorities at Washington.
For moving plants with del'cate fibrous
root-, such as melons and cucumbers, a
! piece of stovepipe six inches long is
| pressed down into the earth three or four
inches, and then a sjiado is run under
the “hill,” and it is removed with the
i non ring to its destination.
An ingenious inventor has devised a
: new screw-half nail and half screw;
; two blows of the hammer, two turns of
: the screw driver, and it is in. Its hold-
i ing power iu white pine is said to be
, pounds, against 308 pounds, the
holding power of the present screw.
Wood oil is now made on a somewhat
. extensive scale in Sweden, where the re-
: fuse of timber cutting and forest clean-
; ings is turned into account for the oil it
1 contains. It is used for illuminating
i purposes, and gives, when put in a lamp
especially made for it, a verv satisfactory
|
i The Vi ilmington (N. C.i St ir s.ay.s:
: “It has been tlL-covcred that rice is an
! excellent substitute for pop corn. Rice
j in tho hull, when heated in a popper
, like pop corn, bursts open just like the
| latter, and not only has ihe flavor of
I the real pop corn, but is crisper and
! much more delicious to the ta>to. Trv
j it.”
j A New England gen.us has recently
I discovered a cheap method of dissolving
i zinc by combining it with bydrngen and
! producing a solution called zinc powder.
This liquid, if applied to certain woods,
will render them absolutely lire proof.
I and at a low cost. The discovery v. iil
j revolutionize fire insurance and im-
| mensely decrease the loss by fire. The
inventor isabuug.ing chemist who aeci-
j dentally discovered the solut'oa while
| making experiments for another matter.
The Buenos Ayres II mil cliims to
i have examined the fibre made from the
| reeds and rushes of the lowlands of the
I Parana, and that tho textiles rnauufac-
J tured therefrom are undistinguishable
from those made from wool and silk.
Blaukets, heavy goods for men's wear,
feltings, and “black silk” dress goods
are all manufactured from this fibre and
are said to be unrivaled for texture, fin
ish, color and durability. Paper pulp is
also made from these reeds and rushes,
the manner of utilizing them being tho
invention of Mr. Newman.
WHEN THE LADIES VOT»
What wifi th« country be,
When the ladies vote!
Still the land of liberty,
When the ladle* vote?
Will they govern every town,
Will they croih the poor man down.
Sage, philosopher and clown,
When the ladles vote!
WiH they stand up in the ca.
When the ladies vote!
Will they close up all the bai
When the ladies vote!
Will they wait and watch at night,
For a husband when he's tlghtl
Not by a something sight,
When the ladies vote.
Will conductors pull their bells,
When the ladies vote!
While the fair exchange farewell*
While the ladies vote!
Will they start their cars and go
A* they do jnst now, you know*
No, they will not dare do so
When the ladies vote.
Oh! tho men won't be so mean,
When theladie3 vote,
And go out the acts between,
When the ladies vote;
Nor the funny writers say
What they’ve said tr<r many a clay
Of the high hats at tho play,
When the Indie* vote.
Oh! we’ll all s;e better days,
When the ladies vote;
We will walk in wisdom‘3 wavs,
When the ladies vote;
All kinds of trade will hum,
And the happy time will come,
The grand milleniuni,
When the ladies vote!
—Boston Courier.
HUMOR OF THE DAY.
takeentirpcharge; never feci them; and Ot the latest. If they are received hat
not one drooped or died. They are now D>cy are certa’n to soil for a lowei
nearly grown, very nice and thrifty, and P r£ce - f ^ ie threo days of the week
very gentlo; come rouud the yard ovary ftre 1 “ e ' iC9t days,
day. Their cost has been but little. Unless under exceptional circum-
They ran in my wheat field some, but I stances none but con entrate.l feeds,lik<
find insects are their chief food. Where grain, mill-fed or oil-meal, should btf
one is limited as to forage-ground they bought to feed. These will make the
may require more care. They are very manure pile richer without greatly in
tend of cabbage and when raised inclose creasing its bulk.
quarters I would feed cabbage to them The fall js the proper time to apply
daily. But whero they can have tho lime to a field, as it loses its caustio
range of tho farm I do not think they properties before seeds are planted. 11
need to be fed.—New York Tribune, , is best to throw it over furrows and allow
it to slake and settlo into the soil before
Fruits oil the Farm. the harrow is used.
The apple is the most valuable fruit The failure of cabbage to head is more
grown on the i'aim, both ter family use often due to lack of plant food than any-
and for market. Yet It has many enemies, thing elre. Water diluted with plies-
and requires care and closo attention to phates will often transform a mass ot
gave it from them. In going through loose cabbage leaves fit only for feeding
my orchard I find grafted iruit and seed- into a solid, salable head,
ling, or natural trees, sutler the same According to Matthew Crawford,
from their enemies, of all the enemies whose opinions will be read with in*
fruit trees are exposed to, starvation is terest by fruit-growers, the first place
the greatest, for in going through my - - - '
orchard I find many trees killed by “suii
scald,” and many more nearly ruined by
this discaso. Trees on rich, well-culti
vated soils, however, are healthy and
vigorous. This disease, as it is termed
by some, shows iBelf by the cracking of
the bark on tho side of the tree facing
tho southwest. Through theso cracks
the germs of tho disease gain access to
the interior of the tree, and the disease
is started. This disease is called “sun
scald,” bccauso the sun causes the bark
to crack, and so the germs euter.
among strawberries seems by general
consent to be going to the Bubncb, a
faultless plant producing iu abundance
fruit of immense size, ripening quite
early, bright red iu color and of good
quality.
Iu sending poultry to market it is well
to hear ono rule in mind, a* given iu a
poultry-dealer's circular: “Care should
be taken that lots shipped for the special
occasions should arrive in sufficient time
before tho event to meet the best salo.'
Tho poultry that arrives too late always
meets a poor market.” The rule is*a
Among tho remedies, I believe a mee 8 a 11° or ' 1 lule 11
goncrous supply of food, with good and gooJ oao for kiud °f l >rotiUt3
proper cultivation, is the best. After “l’orhaps a grave mistake has-l*i
tho trees arc of good size, their tops will matle b >' writers on poultry topic*,”says
shade their triniKs, and keep the sun *’• Jacobs iu Amertea . /.’. g ! II, m ’,
from scalding the bark, thus giving the ‘‘ ln leaching that the poultry business
germs no chalice. But, then,’the “lior- J 9 ! 1 ? 1 easy avocation nml well, suited for
ers” are another dreadod enemy. Thole- h'dtcs and children. Ibis is true so
male deposits her eggs uuder tho looso far as tho care of a family flock is con-
bark of young applo trees near the ceruod, but when the poultry business
ground. The young larva' hatch out in j s *° ' ,t! conducted as a business it must
about two weeks, and set themselves at be ‘teno on a scale sufficient to pay a
once to work to gnaw through tho bark large profit, or enough will not be do
into tlip tree. Whoa oncoinlho interior' r1 ' 011 10 au l'l 10r ^ a family.'
of tho tree, the only remedy is to find The general b.-lief is to the offect that
the entrance of their burrows, and work bard woods should be cut in .June, July,
a stout wiro or keen knifo-b.lado into the or August aud left until the leaves have
channel. But nn ouuco of preventive is drawn the sap frgfm the trees. If cut iu
better than a pound of cure. Tho young June tho newky-forming wood is nr-
trees should ho washed, in June and j rested in its growth nndtheharkbo-
July, with soft soap, mixed with water comes separated from the solid timber
enough to thin it, but not thin enough and loosens so that it is easily removed,
to run when put on tho tree. Apply The wood harden^ and dries so that tho
this as high as two feet up tho main wood eating beetles will, uot attack it
limbs, and down tlie trunk to the and tho timber thus freed from this
ground. This will kill nil insects, giv-; ipjui v, which u known as “powder
ujg a smooth, healthy bark to the trees, pest.” Timber ttaug treated season* with
—Rrairie Farmer. great rapidity an« is moa* durable.
1‘oinaihs aud Perfumes.
Pomades are made of purified lard and
tallow, which have been placed in an
enclosed place where they have absorbed
the odors of the petals of flowers. ( live
oil also absorbs odors in the 3asne way
and is used for conveying them. To
extract the odor from pomades and per
fumed o;l3 they have simply to be
saturated with alcohol, which ausorhs
the perfume. It requires a large amount
of flowers to saturate a pomade with
perfume, and these must be renewed
daily for month*.
Odoriferous essences are obtained by
the distillation of flowers thrown into
large copper retorts with water, but only
the stronger odors will endure the heat
without deterioration. The “flower
waters” arc made by placing alcohol in
the condensing tank used in distillation,
and this condenses and ab=orbs the
odorous vapor until it becomes fragrant.
Most of the popular handkerchief ex
tracts are made by skilfully lomb tiiog
the odors of several different flowers, and
some inventors have made happy aud
profitable hits in this direction.—
Graphic.
An Equalizing Rotting System.
Four clerks in an offico in the jewelry
district of New York decided in October,
1881',--to keep a record of a system of
betting for drinks of roffeo which they
had established. They matched coins
each morning
and the in-
■or h id to foot
Ue bills for
the day.
The result,
as
shown in the
following
table, a fords
abundant room for thouc
h.:
/!
P. !
1SSO
*!•.»
44
1881
V v»
53 5*3
88
1883
*lt)
50
5>.i
18C! .
57
70 DO
48
1884
So
tir 70
1885
..’.tu
57 i r
100
188*5
...Si
;s t c,:;
7S
1887
T-i
N» 7U
<58
1888
5o
71 5»
06 :
Total ....
5 J1
55* l 5ST
sss
A Ham! Shaking Soviet j.
AVo notice tho formation of a “Hand
shaking Society” in connection with
some Western churches. The members
pledge themselves to shake bauds with
at least one person iu connection with
each religious service. Wo doubt the
expediency of such a society—knowledge
of such an obligation taken would rob i
the aetof significance and value—but the
object aimed at is well worth the heed
ful consideration of C hristian people. A
e* uiia! handshake has often settled not
ouly tho religious home of a church at
tendant,but retained under Christian in
fluence many a oue ter whom Satan had
spread his net,—Chrietim Intelligencer,
twins is deucedly
pan out well—
“Line upon line”—The transatlantic
fleet.
The man with
happy.
A pilgrim—One of the old blue-mass
variety.
Continually going up and bursting—
Rockets.
Never allude to a dressmaker a3 Miss
Sew-and-Sew.
The greatest hard-thips in the world
are—Iron-clads.
Sometimes the lawyer's “hardest case”
—The office boy.
Things that always
Buckwheat cakes.
An epitaph for a faithful car conduc
tor—“He took his last farewell.”
Nothing will turn a woman's head so
completely as a bonnet that pas-ed by.
A Cape Cod fisherman calls his boat
“The Kiss,” becau ; c it is nothing but a
smack.
“George, do the Indians always travel
in single tile.” “I never saw but one
and he did.”
Most people -believe iu “the greatest
goad to the g-eatest number,” and thei'
greatest number is number one.
Virtue is its own reward, and the pay
isn’t big enough to keep many people in
the business.—5. . rciilc Journal.
Which is the longest word in the Eng
lish language? “8miles," because there’s
a mile between the first and last letters.
Waiter—Mr Pepsine is dainty about
his eating. Head waiter—Is he an epi
cure? Waiter—No, he's a dyspeptic.—
Chicago Globe.
‘ Handsome! Y'es, beyond expression.
Rich! Immensely" so 1 hear.
Love him) That is a gross digression.
Marry him! Of course, my near.”
—Slercurg.
Y'oung Wife—“Before we wero mar
ried, George, you never smoked in my
presence.” Y'oung Husband—" I know
it, my dear, and you nevei wore curl
papers in mine.”
An old lady, seeing a paragraph
headed “Boy Inventors,” said; “Boy
inventors! Well, 1 hope some of ’em
will invent a boy that'll stay in the
house nights.—Neio York News.
“Large Directoire muffs will be seen
this winter,” says an exchange, if they
are anything like the base hill rautis
seen last summer we want nothing to do
with them.—Rochester Rost-Keprcj.-.
The barber think? he's funny
When ho entertains b s folks;
But won’t he for big muntiy
Shave the whiskers from hi* ;o!tcs.
—Detroit Free Pee**.
Fater Familias— “Why, iitiiei. Y’ou
don’t mean to tell me you want to ra»rry
that baldheaded Professor Wiseman?''
Ethel—“It is true he is bald, but think
how many young men of to-day are bald
on the iuside of their heads."—Jdei.
Date palms constitute the wealth of
tho Arabs of the desort, but unlike rare
coins their value does not depend upon
the antiquity of the date. A paiiu with
a recent date is worth more than it would
be if dated before the ood.—,Si/tings.
“No, my man. I haven’t anything ter
you,” said a gentleman to a tramp with
outstretched hand. “Who asked for
anything!” replied 'he tattcrJemaiidu.
“Don’t you see I’m a politician? AU I
wanted was to shake.”—lh~ton Tran-
tcripi.
An extreme specimeu of a dandy
alighted from a four-wheeler aud went
round to pay the driver. The poor old
rack-of-bones maro turned her head to
gazo at him. “Yu?,” said the driver con
fidentially to the horse as the passenger
moved away, "that's the blessed hobjecu
you’ve beeu a-drawin’ of.”
When Offenbach’s effects were sold, a
very high price was paid for the com
poser’s violoncello. A countrywoman,
who had never such such au instrument,
could not refrain from exclaiming;
much money ter a piece of wood!” And,
taking hold of it to lift it, added; “And
it’s hollow at that!"—Argonttiw.
A poor Scotchman who had but scant
pasturage for his c w one day tethered
her on the summit of a barren hillock,
where sand and stones were far more
plentiful than vegetation, und, locking
around him exclaimed; “Wee>, xvoel,
Rosy, my la*-, if ye baena mickle to cat
yo hiv at ony rate a splendid view.”
“Wo will hax e tea, Bridget if you
please; and we will have a fevj slices of
bacon with tho tea,” said hvw mistress
to her Irish servn t. Inter.rd—at tho
termination of wlvch Bridget brings in
the tea tr^y. “\\ here i? tho bacou,
Bridgst?” asked the mistress. “In the
taypot, mum! Y'er said o’d have it with
the tay, so I put it inter the pot.”