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HORSES’ FEET. A Noted Vetcrlnnrlan IC*j>lulna the Illood Supply. The noted British veterinarian, Dr. H. Leeney, writing in the London Live Stock Journal, says that the large meta carpal artery which passes under the annular ligament of the kneo of the horse, passing down the leg at the Hide of the flexor tendons. At the fetlock it is found between tliese tendons and the suspensory ligament. A little above the joint it divides into three, the central portion passes between the divisions of the ligament nnd the cannon bone and forms an arch giving off tb~ee small branches, which take ah upward direc tion and communicate with the small metacarpal artery. Two smaller branches from the arch supply the fet lock joint. The two lateral branches from the metacarpal artery passing downward receive the name of plantar arteries. These follow by the side of those small floating bones known as ses aamoids (and not noticed in speaking of the intrinsic bones of the foot) and keep somewhat in advance of the ten dons until it passes under the lateral cartilage. In avoiding the cushion a direction somewhat forward is taken into a groove in the wing of tho coffin bone, by which it is conducted downward and forward to the canal, or foramen, as such orifices are anatomically termed, on to the concavity at the back of the bone, under the coffin joint. Within the bone it describes part of a circle, meeting its fejlow from the other Bide. The arteries, nerves and veins are in pairs, and it will be understood that the foregoing description is intended as representing one side only. There are slight variations- as, for instance, <>n the outsidd (a the leg. The artery above the fetlock is much nearer tho surface. But those differences, although of im portance to tho surgeon performing the operation of unnerving, do not call for special description hero. Tho regular artery within the foot sends off many branches, and a specimen which has been carefully injected with red com position made for the purjMiso is well worth inspection by all interested in horses’ feet. Many of the older veterinary surgeons possess such specimens, prepared by themselves in days (and nights) when BLOOD SI'ITLY OF TDK HORSE S FOOT. practical anatomy was considered of the first importance and bacteriology had not assumed its present prominent posi tion. An important branch of the plan tar artery is one that is given off about half way down the long pastern bone, passing downward and forward to join its fellow at tho coronet. From tho arch thns formed a number of small vessels are given off to supply those parts which secrete the crust of their foot. Another branch crosses to the front of the short pastern under the extensor tendon, and unites with that from the other side. From this upper coronary circle a num ber of small vessels are given off, some of them communicating with tho lower arch or coronary circular artery. Be sides tho vessels going to supply the front there is the artery of the frog, which beginning opposite the pastern joint takes an oblique course into the substance of the sensitive frog, dividing again into two branches, one contribut ing to supply the toe and the other the heels of the frog while giving branches to the cartilages. The lateral luminal artery passes into the canal in the wing of the pedal bone, winds round in the groove to the front, giving off branches in all directions to supply the lamina l . Entering the bone again by a smaller aperture it unites iu the central circu lation within. The anterior laminal ar teriep are branches of the circulas ar teriosus, and passthrough the numerous minute holes in the coffin bone, going to supply the lamina* which, as previ ously stated, are extremely vascular. Then there are the communicating ar teries passing through the front of the pedal bone and going to supply 'he cir cumflex artery, which is sometimes wounded in bleeding from the toe. The solar arteries radiate from the circum flex, supplying the sensitive sole from \\ hich grows the horny sole, as previous ly stated. TICKS AND TEXAS FEVER. Vlewa Of -Or. Snlmon of the Btireno of Animal Imlnatr-y. Although the flipping of cattle from the infected district will remove the danger of contagion from them, and, al though the inoculation of young ani mals destined for the infected district will protect them from the fatal effects of contagion, writes Dr. Salmon, chief of the government bureau of animal in dustry, the stockmen of the greater part of that district have Something more to look forward to and may indulge the hope that with time and proper efforts their section may be entirely relieved Of the infection. People now living have seen the infection extend itself for many miles, and the probability is that little if any of our territory contained the contagion at the time the continent was first settled by Europeans. We have seen that two parasites are necessary for the production of Texas fever under natural conditions. As the tick has been able to accustom itself to mrriNo catti.k to kemove ticks. greater cold, it has gradually extended its habitat to higher latitudes and greater altitudes, and in doing so has Carried with it the microscopic protozoa which constitute the contagion. The fact that the fever tick and the protozoa infest South American cattle and that they exist over a wide extent of the African continent and also in Australia would seem to indicate that both parasites had originally been brought to America with the settlers' cattle. It now remains to determine whether the protozoa of this disease ex ist anywhere and multiply otherwise than within the ticks and in the blood of cattle. If these, minute organisms are absolutely dependent upon the ticks for their existence, we would destroy them by eradicating the ticks, but if the protozoa may live an independent life in the more or less stagnant waters or marshes of the south Atlantic and gulf coasts it would be hopeless to at tempt to annihilate them entirely. Without the ticks, however, the pro tozoa would be of simply local interest. Even if the native cattle became infect ed by drinking contaminated water they could not spread the disease, and no cattle would suffer except those raised in or taken into the comparative ly small area in which these special conditions of high temperature and slow running or stagnant water exist. We may admit therefore, provisionally at least, that the destruction and extir pation of the fever tick means the erad ication of the Texas fever coptagion in the greater part, if not all, of the ter ritory of our southern states. In at least half a dozen counties in Virginia, where the fence laws prohibit the running at large of cattle, the ticks have soon disappeared, and these coun ties have been placed a hove the quaran tine line without any loss having since occurred through contagion spread by the cattle from those sections. From a number of farms, and particularly the farm of the Georgia experiment station, the ticks have been eradicated by pick ing them olf the cattle by hand and de stroying them as fast as they became large enough to see. Two years have been sufficient to accomplish this re sult. Now the interesting fact has been demonstrated that northern cattle taken to such farms no longer contract Texas foyer. This strengthens our theory that in much of “the southern territory at least the protozoa are not obtained by the cattle from the soils or waters, but that they must bo* inoculated by the ticks. Foot Hot. Foot rot in a flock immediately con victs the shepherd of neglect and in flicts the fine for this delinquency. We cannot escape this penalty for this uenlect. CORN AND HOG CHOLERA. A Corrmpondent llecomraendi Artl chojkq* a I’reventLye. The facts that hog cholera, or swine plague, is almost exclusively confined to corn producing localities and that hogs which are reared nnd fattened on an almost exclusive corn diet have con stantly deranged digestion, and are easy marks for swine plague, are becoming more and more apparent to observant farmers. So spys J. C. Suffern" in Lho Stock. Enlightened man (eveh many professional swine breeders) has violat ed nature’s laws by inventing hog rings and stdek laws and confining his highly impfoved hogs on tame grass pastures and fenced lots, where they cannot unearth the various tubers and Soot? which contain the mineral in gredients so necessary for proper diges tion and ultimate nutrition and medi cation of their various intricate bodily tissues. In" the writer’s opinion,"sup ported by many recent writers on the subject, so called cholera, or swine plague, is almost entirely due to dis eases which have their origin in indi gestion, arising from an almcs.t exclu sive corn diet. Corn is rich in fat and heat forming ingredients, but is very deficient in fibrin, carbon, nitrogen or muscle, bone and blood forming elements. The hog’s digestive organs, especially during late autumn (and this is usually the season when cholera (?) is so rampant), being gorged with too much corn, unaccom panied by other foods, are thrown into a state of derangement which' detracts from their naturally healthy process of converting food into chyme. Asa re sult hogs have weak muscles and bones and impure blood. In fact, their grow ing bodies are in such a deranged con dition that they become easy prey for specific microbes or germs, which are continually multiplying in their bodies and which develop cholera, or swine plague. But these disease producing germs- cannot obtain a foothold in the healthy bodies of hogs which are kept on well balanced diet. Grass, clover, shorts, peameal, rape and most especial ly root crops, such as artichoke tubers, potatoes, carrots, mangels, beets, ruta bagas, etc.,' are all good, healthy hog foods. Long and practical field experi ence has convinced the yriter that the improved varieties of the “tame” arti choke (not wild artichokes, which pro duce very few and small tough tubers, and which are very difficult to eradi cate, and are by many farmers confound ed with the “tame” artichoke) are by far and all odds the cheapest, healthi est, handiest hog food that can be grown, my crop of 1897 costing me less than 1 cent per bushel to produce. They are also a much surer crop than most other roots and are usually ready for your hogs to root out about the time when tame grass and clover pas tures usually fail and farmers begin stuffing their hogs with corn. Money In Slieep. In ancient times it was the sheep that represented the wealth of a country or a person. Men were rich according to the number of sheep they possessed. But some will have us believe that now a farmer is just as likely as not to be poor in proportion to the number of sheep ho is supporting! How does this go with the ancient and present history of the flock? In ancient times the sheep’s foot was synonymous with wealth and pros perity. The fleece was golden as well as the foot of its bearer. The British farm ers call the sheep the rent payer, and their agricultural methods and systems are based on the keeping of sheep. We envy these people their big crops, twice or thrice as large as ours, but we never think that the sheep is the reason for this. But there sheep are kept for the purpose of enriching the land for the growth of these big crops. We don't look at things this way, but we should, and every farmer should make it his business to procure and keep a flock of sheep if for no other purpose than that of enriching his land and doubling or trebling the product of his fields.-—Cor. American Sheep Breeder. Climate nnd Wool. While all parts of tho United States are not equally well adapted to the pro duction of mutton there is no country in the world so self contained—no coun try that has within its b<*rders such a variety of complementary resources. The highest economy in the application of these, however, can only be secured by an understanding of the special uses of special areas and the more or less ex clusive appropriation of such areas to these best uses. The United States lies chiefly within the temperate clime, and doing so tho ability to produce wool bearing animals is one of its herit ages. Too great heat produces hair alone, while too great cold produces a kind of combination of wool and hair called fur. The mean of these conditions is the desirable one for sheep, and con sequently we find them most numerous and serving the most useful purposes in the temperate clime. —Live Stock. Soutb.dow no. Southdowns are prolific breeders and mature earlier, perhaps, than any other sheep. They Vill make a pound of flesh with as little food as any other or less, and more of it on the most valu able part of the carcass, and hence they command a higher price. Gainesville, Jefferson & Southern Railroad. SAMUEL 0. DUNLAP, Receiver. Time table No. 12, takmgj|ffect 5. 50 a. m., Jan. 0, 1899, MAI^PtITsTE NORTH BOUND. Between Social Circle SOUTH BOUND Read Downward an d Gainesville. Read'Upward. •- • . First Class. - First Class. j'. ' h 93 9* 85 83 81 STATIONS. 82 84 86 92 94 Sun- Snn- daily DailyfDaily dnih dailv ’ dailv Sun- fsun dav day ex ox,, ex ox ex' j ex' day an d only only bun j Sun Sun ] Sun Sun | Sun only only O aui I am pm Lv. At am pm am | 1100! 1100 450 bO< IA L CIRCLE ' 915 331 19 20 S’ 2 11 15 - 1120-505 GRESHAM &rl 3K : 905 § a D3O 11.40 525 AIUNROE. 83c 250 850 5- _ I S 1145 CAMPTON 815 2 30 i BSo 5 R 1158 h- BETBLEEE.M Bul 215 a 97? 12 lj | 145 .0 a-, VMiNGH.It 740 130 g 94 S7 12 30 § 157 048 MULBERRY 7 2(. 112 | lS 8S 12 45 5 2177 03 HObCHTON 71 , s' if; ■‘S? 108 • g 245 V 23 HICKORY TREE. 645 J* e ' lfl luily ~~ A 1 j Sun 040 H 5 255 730 BELLMONT 0 4 10 25 1 045 I’M 300 735 KLONDIKE 635 10 20 I ny 7oj 9 50 1 2? jjjo CANDLER 630 10 15 1 £ T2O 710 14a .330 800 GAINESVILLE. 6109 55 700 am P“ lp m|pm A r. Lv. tma m i * m p '™ *7 j9;85183 |Bi j" 1 82 jß4j 86 j 92T88 No, 82 will run to Social Circle regardless of No. 83. No. 84 will run to Social Circle regardless of No. 81, No. 83 will run to Winder regardless of No, S4. No. 84 will run to Winder regardless of No. 83. No. 92 will run to Social Circle regardles of No. 91. JEFFERSON BRANCH. iime Table No. 12, taking effect 5.50 am., Jan. 0, 1899. NOR 1 H BOlNDßetween Jefferson and SOUTH BOUND Read Downward Bellmor.t. Read Upward. -I •*1 ■ First Class, j First Class. 89” 87 ST ATIONS. 88 | 90' ' Daily Daily I Daily jTVUiU i except except j except ; except - 31111 Sun j Sun T -un V. M a. M. Lv. Ar. P. M. A. Ai. 11 85; 5 501 JEFFERSON 8 10' 11 10 12 00 015 PENDERGRASS 748 10 43 12 25 640 BELLMONT 7 SO' 10 25 ' P M. A. M. Ar. Lv. P M. IA. M. 89 | 87 j ~ |~BB'] 90~| No. 90 will run to Jefferson regardless of No. 89. Palmer’s Cream Liniment ls the best Liniment on earth for Rheumatism, Sprains, Bruises, Cuts, Stings, of Pois onus Insects, Stiff Joints, Toothach, etc. Cures the pains of Burns immediately and gives iru stant relief in Headache. For Sprains Swelling ol the Joints, Saddle or Collar Galls on Horses, Pal mei’s Cream Liniment can not be equaled. It is put up in 4 ounce bottles, (the ns> al 50c size) and retails for 25c. Prepaied only by . H. R. PALHER & SONS, (Successors to Palmer & Kinnebrew.) DRUGGIST’S AND SEEDSMEN, 105 CLAYTON ST., ATHENS, GA. , This splendid three piece tuff, mahogany fiuiilv frames, upholstered in fine si.k figured damask icr ?12 50. We cariv tl e largest stock ot Furniture, Car pets, Rugs, Mattings, and Draj cries in Atlanta and guarantee lowest prices. P. S. C RUTCBETt FURNITURE CO.. 53 and 55 Peachtree St.. Atlanta Ga. llreediiiig Animals, In selecting breeding animals get iwes and bucks of the kind that produce early maturity mutton, so as to get into market early with lambs and matured sheep. A noted authority says: “The sheep industry of this country has not yet arrived at a point where it becomes ueoessary to breed principally for wool, but producers should first get the best mutton producing qualities thoroughly bred into their flocks or bands, bringing the standard up to a half or three-quar ter grade, after which it will be safe to breed for wool without materially dis turbing the baud as mutton producing animals. ” Fro*en Meat. New Zealand was one of the first countries to engage in the frozen meat trade. In 1882 40,000 sheep were ship ped from that colony. Heavy Sheep Not "Wanted. The day of the big, heavy sheep seems to have passed, and the premium that buyers pay on the lightweights makes it more profitable to feed young stock. Taking the receipts throughout the year, lambs are decidedly in the majority, while the heavy sheep are rapidly decreasing in numbers. —Dro- vers’ Journal. How to Select Wall Pnper. It is well to remember when papering a small room that blue iu all light shades makes a room look larger. Dark colors or papers with large patterns have the opposite effect. Meerschaum is a silicate of magnesia and is to be found chiefly in Asia Minor, Greece and Madrid. Ia some parts of Africa slaves are still the basis of all financial reckoning.