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EDUCATIONAL, ECONOMICAL, AGRICULTURAL.
By W. M. Holsenbeck, Mrs. J. F. Sheats and W. Hill Hosrh.
THE STANDARD RURAL SCHOOL.
(Continued)
LAST week I outlined the seven con
ditions flint have been set up by the
state hoard of education and which
must be met by every school district in
order that the school of that district
may be certified as a standard school.
As I stated then a few of the counties
of Georgia have had every school in the
county to qualify, but in the great ma
jority of our counties only one or two
schools have been certified as standard.
Wherever schools have qualified they
have been located in local tax counties
or in local tax districts. Wherever
schools have become standardized it
has lH*en done almost entirely by the
energy, tact and hard work of the
teacher. Under the standard set the
first of the seven requirements is en
titled, “The Teacher,” because without
the help and qualifications of the teach
er all other efforts would fail to bring
any school up to the standard.
The teacher must hold a first grade
certificate or license, and only under
most adverse and unfavorable condi
tions should the principal bo chosen un
less holding license of a first grade.
Some teachers holding second grade li
cense do extra good work and some
holding first grade license do very poor
work, but this is the exception and not
the rule. It is an easy matter for a
child who has finished the tenth grade
in an ordinary high school to make first
grade, and certainly those who wish to
qualify to teach should know as much
as a high school pupil of the tenth
grade.
Every teacher should have normal
training and be a graduate of some nor
mal school. If not a normal graduate
it Is an easy matter now to obtain nor
mal training in the summer schools
held in various parts of the state every
summer. With modern methods of
teaching if is almost lmpowslble for a
teacher to do the very best teaching
without some normal training. Any
casual observer cun tell immediately
when visiting a school whether the
teacher has had normal training or
not. Goo<l teaching does not mean
drawing the highest salaries, but
means doing efficient teaching and pro
ducing the best results.
Good order and good management on
the part of the teacher are two other
requisites. Good order should not he
obtained by fear and force hut by the
kindly disposition, ability to govern
and lead, and by the tact of each In
dividual teacher. A teacher who can
not govern herself cannot govern her
pupils, and in these days a teacher
must very often he able to govern the
parents to get the best order out of
some of the children. The twigs are
like the trees and have to be* controlled
l>y proper management of the trees. I I
believetlmt every teaeher desires to have
good order in lier school room and that
most failures are due to the teacher’s
inability to grasp the situation or lack
of good management and ability to gov
ern and not altogether to the Incorrigi
bleness of the children. Where a teach
er fails in one school they usually fail
In another, and where a teacher suc
ceeds in one community they usually
succeed in another. A good housekeep
er has her house neat and floors clean
and the family takes pride in keeping
the house and floors neat and clean.
A good teacher keeps her school build
ing in good order and soon teaches the
children \take"#foe in keeping the
building neat and clean.
Every teacher should keep a full,
neat and accurate register, one easily
understood by any one who saw It, and
it should be open for inspectlno at all
times. Very few keep this. This rec
ord should include each child's name,
his parent or guardian's name, address,
age. attendance in days and class stand
ing. The record is made by the child
but should be kept by the teacher. Un
der the federal child labor law school
records of children are frequently call
ed for. and in many instances no rec
ord can be found. Without birth cer
tificates this is practically the only
source where anything like an official
record of the child’s age can lie secured.
Resides a record of the day's work
should lie is is ted in the school room
and the work carried out according to
the program.
teacher's manual should be on every
teacher's desk and should be used by
the teacher. She should be familiar
with its contents and know how to
make use of it. It is a common idea
among teachers that the manual should
be used only in preparing for examina
tions. It should be used for this pur
pose. but if this is the only use made
of it and the only preparation made
for a teacher's examination, teachers
need not expect grade certificates and
the best schools in the county. All this
about the teacher means that she
should prepare herself for teaching, put
forth her best efforts in doing thorough
work, read lots, keep up. and endeavor
to make her particular school, wherev
er she happens to be. a better school
than it has ever been before.
THE IRISH POTATO AS A WHEAT
FLOUR SUBSTITUTE.
THE potato has a place in our food
list which no other vegetable occu
pies. It appears on the tables of many
families at least once a day and often
at all three meals and is or should be
so much a part of our daily food that
| we miss it almost as much as we would
bread if we have to go without it. We
do not use Irish potatoes as extensive
ly in the South as in the North. Of
couse our sweet potato partly takes the
place of it. The use of more Irish po
tatoes to save wheat is demanded by
the present situation because wheat is
one of the greatest needs of the hour
for our boys and allies and also be
cause the Irish potato production of
; the United States last year was great
jer than in any previous years and still
the greater part of the supply remains
!in the hands of the growers. Great
quantities of these will go to waste un
less they are used even more freely and
: in a greater variety of ways than is
customary in a majority of Southern
homes.
Every person must eat at least a
bushel more than he has been accus
tomed to eating or these little patriot
potatoes cannot serve their country in
this war crisis. They have done your
bit by their nation, let's do our hit by
them.
Potatoes cannot be shipped because
they are too bulky. One pound of
wheat equals in energy value four
pounds of potatoes. Our enemy is
fighting us on potatoes. We are told
that the consumption of potatoes in
Germany is 16 quarts per capita week
ly. In Austria-Hungary eight quarts
and in the United States 2.3 quarts.
Before the war potato production
was as follws:
Germany 1,9K8,591,000 bu.
Russia 1.274,455.000 bu.
Austria-Hugary 027,72K,000 bu.
France 499,194,0tH) bu.
United States 331,525,000 bu.
We find that the potato ranks very
high in food value. They also contain
the following minerals: Phospate, cal
cium, magnesium, potassium, sodium,
sulphur and iron. That we can use po
tatoes with flour is not surprising for
the food substance the potato supplies
most abundantly is starch. With the
basic price of wheat fixed as at pres
ent flour is $13.70 a barrel or 7 cents
a pound. If then potatoes can be ob
tained at $1.20 a bushel, which is 2
cents a pound and give us the same
food value and more it is economy as
well as a war service to use potatoes
a substitute for wheat flour. It is a
palatable and wholesome food and can
be prepared in an endless number of
ways. It has been found that with a
little experimenting that 1-3 to 1-2 of
the flour in some favorite recipe can be
replaced with mashed Irish potatoes or
potato flour. I have placed a number
of bulletins at Mr. Hargrove's on the
use of Irish potatoes as wheat substi
tue. It is urged by our government
that we produce another large crop of
potatoes this year, planting a second
crop in July for fall and winter use.
And if we do not use potatoes in our
bread when we serve potatoes at a
meal serve less bread because the pota
toes will take the place of bread.
When planting Irish potatoes we
should watch for scab, blight an and
potato beetles. Potato scab is a dis
ease particularly of the tuber. It tirst
appears as a small rtsldish or brown
spot upon the surface. It is more prev
alent in alkali soils and when the land
once becomes infected with it you
should not continue to grow your po
tatoes there. To be sure that it is not
the seed, the potatoes should he treat
ed at the time of planting with a solu
tion composed of 1-4 pint of strong
formalin to 10 gallons of water for two
or three hours. Take out and thor
oughly dry before cutting for seed.
For blight spray with Bordeaux mix
ture. This fungus appears on the leaf
ami progresses more rapidly during
rainy season. The diseased spores are
washed off and soak into the ground
where they affect the potatoes, making
them decay. For the beetle spray with
arsenate of lead and paris green.
Some Good Advice.
‘‘Don’t think too much of your own
methods. AVatch other people’s ways
and learn from them.” This is good
advice, especially when bilious or con
stipated. You will find many people
who use Chamberlain's Tablets for
these ailments with the best results,
and will do well to follow their ex
ample.—adv.
Rheumatic Tains Relieved.
‘‘l have used Chamberlain’s Liniment
for pains in the chest and lameness of
the shoulders due to rheumatism, and
am pleased to say that it has never
failed to give me prompt relief,” writes
! Mrs. S. N. Finch, Batavia, N. Y.—adv.
the Quinine That Does Not Affect the Head
Because of its tonic mid laxative effect, LAXA
TIVE BKOMO QUININE is better than ordinary
Quinine and does not cause nervousness nor
tinning in head. Remember the lull name and
look for the signature of E. W. GROVE. 30c.
THB WINDER NEWS, THURSDAY, APRIL 2*. 1918.
BARROW PEOPLE
ARE ALL LOYAL
When They Once Understand
the Necessity for Food Regu
lation—Every Week Brings
New Evidence of this Fact
I want to congratulate the people of
Barrow county on their record of loyal
ty in the food conservation work. Our
people are all loyal when they once un
derstand the necessity for food regula
tion, and every week brings new evi
dence of this fact by thenumbers of
men who tell me they are ready to com
ply with every regulation necessary to
win the war. Thereare a few people
who were slow to realize the impor
tance of the different rulings and for
a while debated the matter in their
minds, but Anally decided that it is saf
er to support the government when in
war than to oppose it.
We must all realize by this time that
we are no longer living in a peaceful
nation where civil regulations and le
gitimate competition through the law
of supply and demand control prices.
When the government went into the
market to buy food supplies for the al
lied armies it created an abnormal de
mand for fodo, which if left unrestrict
ed would run prices extremely high.
Further, it would give prifiteers and
hoarders a chance to grow rich while
the army as well as the civilian popu
lation went hungry. It was apparent
that the government MUST FIX THE
PRICE or leave it to the speculators
to fix the price.
Our officials had a great object les
son before them in the mistakes made
by the allies. In France where specu
lators fixed the prices, coal sold for
$l2O a ton. In some European coun
tries sugar sold for $2 a pound, meat
at $2.50 a pound, and flour at S2O per
hundred pounds, consequently the ad
ministration thought GOVERNMENT
REGULATION would tie better for the
people than PROFITEER REGULA
TION. Further, the supply was less
than the demand and it must be spread
out to go around to all.
The profiteer argued to raise the
price high would redude consumption.
Mr. Hoover said to reduce consumption
by raising the price would be a hard
ship on poor people, the rich who could
pay any price would he supplied, the
poor people would be left to suffer.
While the profiteers grew rich Presi
dent Wilson said that the words profit
and patriotism should never he uttered
by tlie same voice, which is to say a
man who wants to speculate on food
supplies at the expense of weakening
tlie army and bringing hunger nad suf
fering to the civilian population is in
no sense patriotic, and should never ut
ter the word patriotism.
The administration is working to dis
tribute the hardships evenly among the
people. Tlie rich man is not entitled
to use his money and hoard up flour
while tlie poor suffer, and especially
the man in this country is not justified
in monopolizing tlie flour in tlie market
while the farmer in tlie west who grew
tlie wheat is forced to sell it for $2.20
per bushel and is allowed to keep only
a limited amount for his own use. Now,
the speculator Is side tracked, the flour
must pass on to the consumer in a reg
ular flow at moderate profits to all who
handle it. Flour should not flow into
large centers, or into the homes of the
rich in large quantities leaving a defi
cite so great that the ixxir people here
and the soldiers In service would suf
fer for bread.
During the past two weeks numbers
of our good citizens have told me they
were ready t osurrender all flour in ex
cess of the amount allowed, and all
flour on hand and eat cornbread until
the Germans are whipped. When the
majority of our people feel that way it
is easy to enforce a regulation and
those who are disposed to not conform
are in danger of severe ruling, and it is
my duty to warn nil such citizens of
tlu> county that the only safe course to
take is to conform to every ruling.
If there are those who have not re
ported their excess flour to Dr. Soule
hey are REQUESTED AND ADVISED
TO DO SO AT ONCE. Simply write a
letter stating the amount of flour on
hand and the number in family, sign
your name and mail ltat tetere RUHR
your name and mail the letter to Dr.
A. M. Soule, 414 Chamber of Commerce
Building. Atlanta, Ga.
From now on no consumer must buy
more than six pounds per person per
month. Every merchant must keep a
record of all sales and report same to
the county food administratro once a
week. These reports will be checked
over by government agents and careful
ly searched for duplicate purchases.
War measures are operative unre
stricted when necessary for the main
tenance of the army and navy—for the
triumph of the cause for the preserva
tion of liberty for the safety of the
home.
Without flour the army cannot be
maintained, the cause would be lost,
liberty gone, our homes ruined, the gov
ernment is therefore justifiable in tak
ing it over. They have already taken
over the railroads and some of the fac
tories, and if necessary to win this war
the government will take over the oth
er factories, and even the farms and
the stores of the country. Already they
have taken men from twenty-one to
thirty-one, and if they can take over
the men from twenty-one to thirty-one
and if they can take over the men of
our country and put them in froDt of
Gorman guns, it can take over flour,
farms, factories or anything else neces
sary to feed and clothe the army, and
our government will measure npto ev
ery duty in supplying food and cloth
ing for the armq.
At the present time the government
is facing two enemies, one is foreign,
the other domestic. Every county food
administrator has taken a solemn oath
to support the United States govern
ment and oppose all enemies both do
mestic and foreign. The German em
pire with her allies is the foreign foe.
The people here in America who hinder
and oppose our government while at
war with a foreign foe constitute the
domestic enemy. While the war lasts
the domestic enemy must be restricted,
that the foreign foe may he conquered.
In this patriotic work we want team
work. All theassistants to the county
food administration are expected to do
their full duty, and all the citizens of
the county are expected to assist by co
operating with all the officials with
this hacking and co-operation on the
maintenance of the army is assured,
the triump of the cause is certain, lib
erty is preserved and the safety of the
home is secure. Respectfully,
G. W. WOODRUFF,
Federal Food Administrator for Bar
row County.
CUSTOM FEED MILL.
I have bought and installed a KEL
LY DUPLEX FEED MILL and am
ready to grind anything that grows in
the field. Corn stalks, shucks, fodder,
ear corn, shucks and all, pea vines and
hay, velvet beans, vines and all, oat
straw, cotton seed, any kind of grain.
Price for grind reasonable. Give me
a trial. Bring one load and see re
sults.
W. D. PRICE
Winder, Georgia 4-6
Big Sale
—of
. Spring Merchandise
- o n
Saturday, April 27th.
For One Day Only we will Offer at Special Prices the
Following Goods:
25 bolts curtain goods (just re- 1 AC
ceived) 15c & 20c values at....
Beautiful line flowered voiles
New lot ladies’ shirt waists, beauti
-111 desigD 50 c t 0 $3.00
0 dozen Ladies’ White Skirts (slight
ly soiled) $1.50 to $2.00 AOC
values at I/O
Wool and Silk Skirts (PO to (PC
excellent values at
10 doz. ladies’ and girls’ mid
dies, $1 & $1.25 values, at • t)
Hn :.“ , . Bi,k 35 c 10 SI.OO
Small boys’ wash 75 c to SI.OO
Special ladies black liserebraid 'JCc
hat worth $2.50, at I
Trade at the Home Store and Save the Difference
Winder 5 & 10c Store
'P More
4* Pleasure!
TURN the double trick of saving
your perfectly good spring suit
while you wear a less expensive
equally serviceable Ihot weather suit.
Appreciating the crying need of men in busi
ness and at play for suitable clothing in hot
weather, we have assembled a most complete
line of tropical weighj two-piece suits. Their
price range is within reach of everyone.
HieuAraCiOTiHis
MADE BY STROUSB & BROTHERS, Inc., BALTIMORE. MD. *
f
are promoters of hot weather comfort. No
matter what fabric you select, this label assures
expert tailoring, splendid designing and perma
nency of shape hardly to be expected from such
featherweight clothing.
fJ. T. STRANGE. CO.
MEN’S SUMMER UNDERWEAR
40c values at 25c
75c values at 50c
5 gross framed pictures, 15c & 1 AC
25c grade, at
Just received big shipment best
grade enamelware in solid white and
blue and white.
Full line of gold band and plain
white crockery values.
One large size package of Gold
Dust given free with every dollar
purchase from 8 to 12 o’clock.
First fifty ladies making a pur
chase will receive free one beautiful
enamel colander.
Our store has never been so full
of new and up-to-date goods. Don’t
miss this sale.