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MIDDLE GEORGIA ARGUS.
VOLUME XII.
INAUGURATION DAY
Till: PUUNDBNT AND VICE-PUEm-
DENT DULY INSTALLED.
l ull Description of the Orcmon'ei of the
ttnh
Following ia a detailed account of the
ceremonies connected with tho inauguration
cf Grover Cleveland and Thomas A. Hen
dricks as President and Vic®-President of the
United State#!
I'f*sident-elect Cleveland proceeded to
Washington from Albany quietly and without
any display. He was accompanied by Private
Secretary Lamontand a few friends and rela
tives. Upon arrival at Washington early in
the morning of March 3 ho was driven at
once to liis quarters in th® Arlington hotel.
During tho day he received many visitors,
including Vice-President-elect Hendricks, and
held \ arious conferences With prominent
Democrat®. At 2 o’clock, p. m., Mr. Cleve
land and Colonel Lamont entered a carriage
and drove to the White House, where a for
mal call was made upon President Arthur.
Mr. Ailhui’s invitation to dine had been
previously declined by Mr. Cleveland, but the
formal call was made very pleasant by the
President's courteous reception of his suc
cessor. At half past 0 o'clock in the evening
IYo-ident Arthur made the customary return
call on Jlie I‘resideut-eloct at the Arlington.
After his return from the White House in the
afternoon Mr. Cleveland received more vis
itors. lie dined at 7 p. M., and during the
r st of the evening and until Ins retirement
rt< iced numerous (alters.
Nr\t morning the I'resident-elect arose
rarly and prepared himself for the da\’s or
<l*ul. The Presl lent broakfa ted early, and
(i re;Kit ted to have preserved thesaind imtias-
Mvo demeanor which has charnoteriztHi all
Ins public life. If there was any one to bedis
turlied by the events of the (lay, it did not
I' cm probable that it would bo Grover G'leve
-111 i'd. Busy Colonel Lamont was engaged in
managing tho details of tho preparations.
At llio White llouSo the retiring President
"as not losr busy. Tho personal effects of
Crucial Arthur had been carefully packed.
Many of the eases had nlready left the man
nun. Those which remained were lalieled for
tlioir now destination. New York city.
Much of the city did not go to bed at all.
All of it arose early in the morning. Tho
newsboys at the break of day were yelling tho
record of the excitements and fatigues of the
day lie fore and the programme ol tho bust
ling festivities of tho day that was to come.
Hands of music were playing line selections
frutn tho hotel areas to listening crowds.
The vacant spaces along tho entire Pennsyl
vania avenue front had been turned into ono
tft-t lumlier yard, and tier Upon tier of seats
l uilt by speculators Were ready to accommo
date the ex) e-ted multitudes at $ ip?r head.
Thrifty trades people had also obtained
their license.!, and in show windows and
upon balconies above the heads of the poople
everywhere woro improvised stagings, and
sentfs none too securely protected from fnll
ltig ttud ilot protected at till from tho weather
to accommodate friends or to fill a yawning
The weather was a proof of what is called
"Clovelniul’s luck.” it was the most beauti
ful day of the year, as warm as a Northern
day in May. The sky was cloudless, and
there was only Wind enough to move gently
the miles of flagsand bunting with wh.ch til )
lino of march was decked. The broad avenue
was swept dean from curb to curb, and the
marching tr>op moved along the asphalt
pavement with ns little discomfort asiuthe
corridors of the great buildings.
On* in tne clear air. from many quarters
SOUuded early the bugle cAlls, stlmuloulng the
troops to their lendczvoiu v Thousands of
people strolled along me lino of inarch, to
view the decorations, and thousands more
were early on their way to Capitol Hill, hop
ing to gam a glimpse, at least, of the ceremo
nies bv which the new Pres dent is inducted
into office. The great east stens of the capi
tol were covered with the huge staging.
THE OLD ADMINISTRATION AND THE NEW.
The members of the general inauguration
committee met at the Arlington before 10
o'clock and placed their services nt the dis
posal of the President-elect. President Ar
thur breakfasted with his family at the White
House alHHit 9 o’clock. No one was admitted
to the house to disturb His privacy except
Senators Sherman, Ransom and Hawley, of
the Senate committee of arrangement & They
had a short interview with the President.nnd
soon after Senator Hawley left and proceeded
to Willard's hotel, where ho was joined by
Vice-President-elect Hendricks, and the two
proceeded to the White House. They occu
pied a handsome open barouche, lined with
crimson satin, and drawn by four beautiful
white horses. The equipage was hired
for the occasion. The Vice-President was
heartily cheered along the short ride to the
White House. Just as he was en
tering the grounds l'resident Arthur's car
riage containing Senators Sherman and Ran
som started to the Arlington for the Presi
dent-elect. This carriage was also an open
barouche. It was drawn by four spanking
bays from the President’s stables. The seats
were covered with soft heavy black and white
buf.’uio robes. The senatoi ial committee were
ushered into the presence of the l’resident
elect immediately on their arrival at the Ar
lington, and after a short delay the three gen
tlemen appeared at the south entrance of the
hotel, took their scats in the carriage, and
were rapidly driven to the White House.
Marshal McMich tel met the party at the
white House portico, ami escorted the Presi
dent-elect into the presence of the President.
The Prvs dent elect was greeted with cheers,
and waving of handkerchiefs as he drove
along Sixteenth street from the hotel. He
kept his hat raised in recognition of the com
pliment While the party' were at the White
House, the chief marshal of the procession
and his aids ran into the grounds, and notified
the I'resittent-elect that the procession was
ready to start.
THE PROCESSION.
It was precisely at the hour set, 10:30
o’clock, that the presidential party entered
the carriages and took the i>ositiou assigned
to them in the line. The party entered their
carriages as follows: In President Arthur'*
carriage, President Arthur with President
elect Cleveland on his left, Senator Sherman
facing l'resident Arthur, and Senator Ran
som on his right facing the Presideut-elect.
The second carriage contained the Vice Presi
dent-elect. with Senator Hawley on his left.
As the carriages throve out of the gates and
entered the line, the occupants were greeted
with the wildest enthusiasm, men shouting,
women screaming and waving their handker
chiefs, and all scorned carried away with the
excitement of the moment. The President
and Vice-President elect came in for the
principal share of the enthusiasm, and each
of them raised his hat and bowed right and
left to the crowd, which lined both sides of
the carnage way. The First Division of the
procession, escorting the President-elect, then
began its march to the Capitol
The President's elegant carriage was pre
ceded by General Slocum, the chief marsha
and bis staff, and & troop of United States
cavalry. Surroundiug the carriage were a
dozen mounted policemen. Ths party re
ceived an ovation all along the line of march.
Men cheered, women waved their handker
clqefs and clapped their hands and the great
est enthusiasm was evinced by the great
throng. President-elect Cleveland
silk hat in band bowed to
the right and left as the carriage
roUed Sowly jdoitg. _ The .sapje reception
was accorded tho Vice-President-elect, whose
carnage followed. Next came the National
Democratic committee and the Inaugural
committee In carriages, followed by the dis
tnct militia, headed by the Washington
lAght infantry. A number of colored militia
formed part of tLe first division, and pre
sented a highly creditable appearance. Tht
local divisions of the Grant. Army of the Re
public closed the escorting division. These
movements were executed with a most com
mendable promptness.
IN THE SENATE CHAMBER.
By 10:30 a. u. the officials had found time
to arrange the S-nate chamber to accommo
date the distinguished guests. In the area
facing tho desk of the Vice-President a row
of morocco-covered sofas had been placed in
a semi circle on the one side for the supreme
court, on the other for the cabinet and other
noted petNonst fwo large arm-chairs of the
lame eet were placed immediately in front of
Ihe desk for the President and Vice-Presi
dent. Between the seats of each Senator
new oak cane-seated chairs had been placed.
Back of tho permanent seats every liich of
space was filled with chairs of various shapes,
nzes and color. There was not an inch of
room, save a very few narrow aisles, that
was not covered by chairs. Yet they were
not enough to accommodate the vast crowd.
Tho floor of the Senate waff occupied at an
early hour by distinguished guests. . The
Hcuators were crowded in a compact space at
the left Of tho presiding officer. Tho pro
ceedings possessed little interest to them. The
crisis was over; the work was nearly done;
only details remained to be arranged. The
clerks droned oat the tit es of the bills. Tho
secretaries, fagged with two continuous
nights of labor, announced the messages from
the House with a voice so husky that it could
not be heard.
At 11:30 a. m., General Hancock in full
Uniform entered and was greeted with ap
plause from the galleries. General Sheridan
followed in full uniform.
At 11:45 the diplomatic corps entered in
fti'.l uniform.
A few minutes later there was a ripple of
laughter through the chamber. The venera
ble doorkeeper, Mr. Bassett, mounted a stool,
and by means of a cane turned back tho
hands of the clock eight minutes. At 11:19
(by the tlut3 mad) by the doorkeepir) the
President's secretary announced a “message
from tho President.” Tho massage announced
tho appointment of General Grant to tha re
tired list. Although executive business, con
sent was obtained to act upon the nomination,
and by the unanimous vote of tho Senate, and
amid lou 1 applause from the floor and the
galleries, General Grant in the hearing of all
iho peopln was confirmed as a General of the
tJtlited States army on the retire 1 list. A
minute later another message was received
announcing that the President hail no fur
ther business to communicate. Thus the
nomination of General Grant was President
Arthur's last otticial act.
At 11:35 the United States supreme corn*
entered in their sable robes of office. At 11:40
President Arthur appeared at the Senate
door, accompanied by the commit Lea of ar
rangements, anil for the last time was an
nounce! I as “The President of tha United
States.” He was seated with his back to tho
presiding officer. He wore a Prince Albert
coat, closely buttoned, without his usual
boutonnierre, and carried his hat in his hand.
At 11:4o tho Presidentelect was announced.
The great audience arose, and there was tre
mendous applause. Air. Cleveland, bowed
throe times.
TnE OATH OF THE VICE-PRESIDENT.
Mr. Hendricks, the Vieo-President-elect,
tVfis escorted into the chamber, and without
delay, but with the Solemnity and decorum
bofitt-ing the occasion, the oath was adminis
tered to him by the President pro tempore.
Mr. Edmunds now turned to tho front and
made a short address, thanking the Senators
for their resolution of thanks to him, and
concluding by declaring the Senate ad
journed without day.
the March to the rLATFORM.
Prayer was offered by the chaplain, fol
lowing which the Vice-President made a
brief address. The new Senators were sworn
in, and after tho reading of the message of
the President convening the Senate, the pro
cession was forme l and filed its way toward
the platform on the central portico of the
capitol in tho following order:
Marshal of tho District of Columbia and
the Marshal of the Supreme Court.
Ex-Presidents and ex-Vice-Presidents.
Tho Supreme Court.
The Sergeaut-at-Arms of the Senate.
Tho Committee of Arrangements.
The President and the President-elect.
The Vice-President and the Secretary of
the Senate.
Members of tho Senate.
The Diplomatic Corps.
Heads of Departments.
The retired general of the army, the lieu
tenant-general of the army, the admiral of
the navy, and the officers of the army and
navy, who, by name, have received the
thanks of Congress, members of the House of
Representatives and members elect, govern
ors and ex-governors of States, officers of the
Senate and officers of the House of Represent
atives, all other persons who have been ad
mitted to the tloor of the Senate chamber,
followed by those who have been admitted to
the galleries.
THE DELIVERY OF THE INAUGURAL.
The stand on which the President was ex
pected to deliver his inaugural address was
erected almost on a level with the floors of
the Senate and House and directly in front
of the middle entrance to the CapitoL It
was about Id feet square —the largest ever be
fore erected for an inauguration—and
was covered by two thousand chairs.
These were occupied by Senators, mem
bers of the diplomatic corps, judges
of the supreme court, members of
the House of Representatives, and press rep
resentatives. Before the President, left the
Senate chamber the crowd m front of the
stand had increased until it became one solid
mass of humanity for nearly 400 feet in front
of the stand and more than 1,000 feet on
either side. Tlie crowd continued less solidly
in the rear of this multitude. The trees in
tire great lawns were tilled, and roofs of sur
rounding dwellings were covered. On the
roof of the capitol some two or tiuree hundred
men and boys had congregated. In the ap
proaching avenues and streets military com
panies and society organizations were massed
in columns forming briliiaut vistas as far as
the eye could reach. tin elevated stands en
terprising photographers had elevated their
instruments to perpetuate in photographic
designs the assembly on the stand and the sea
of hats and faces'that moved continually
lik' the waves of the ocean.
This immense throng was variously esti
mated as to numbers. President Arthur said
it was *‘simply immense; the greatest crowd
I ever saw.” Senator Hawley, as he looked
at it, said he thought it numbered about 150,-
000 people. While waiting for the arrival of
the President-elect someone would occasion
ally venture to the front of the platform.
His presence was the signal for repeated
cheers. „
ITecisely ot 12:30 P. M. the heed of the pro
cession appeared coming out of the main east
door of the caoitol, President Arthur stepped
to the front of the platform, followed by the
President-elect, Chief Justice Waite, and the
Sergeant-at-arms of the Senate.
All uncovered as they stood facing the
crowd, and the vast assemblage cheered again
and again for several minutes. persons
who were to assist at the ceremonies were
seated on the platform in the fol-.
lowing order; Chief justice Waite and
Senator Sherman sat with the President-elect:
the committee on arrangements occupied
seats immediately to the right of the Presi
dent-elect; ex-President* and ex-Vico-Presi
dents and associate justices of the supreme
court, the V ice- Pres Meat. secretary, and
members of the Senate occupied seats further
on the right . .
The diplomatic corps occupied seats vm the
left of the President, and th) heads of the de
partments, the retired general of the army,
lieutenant general of the army, the admiral
Deyoted to the Interes's of Butts County.
JacKson, Georgia, tussday, march it, im.
of the navy-, and the officers of the army and
navy who, by name, have received the thanks
of Congress, governors, and ex-governors of
States, la nd'ex-memSeFs of the'Senate, took
their seats just behind the President,
The members and members-elecfc of the
House occupied seats further back on the
platform, and other persons included in the
arrangements occupied the steps and the res
idue of the platform and the portico.
At 12:40 p. m. President-elect Cleveland
arose and began his inaugural address. Ha
was ciftd in a full suit of black. Prince Albert
coat, high, oid-fashioned standing collar and
black tie.
When he first, speaking, the crpijd
applauded whenever u ~ paurei ta mne
breath,but after a while contented itself with
cheering him as he mode his principal points.
His reference to the prohibition of foreign
oooiracE 'abor called out loud and long-con
tinued applause.
THE PRESIDENT’S OATH.
The inaugural concluded, Mr. Cleveland
said:
“I am now prepared to enter upon the
duties of the office.”
Clerk McKenney, of the United States su
preme court, stepped forward with the Bible
upon which so many Presidents have been
sworn. Chief Justice Waite arose, uncovered,
and administered the oath. President Cleve
land reverently kissed the book, and then
turned, shook hands with the chief justice,
the ex-President Arthur, and members of
the supreme court, and the official ceremony
of inauguration was completed.
THE REVIEW AT THE WHITE nOUSE.
The Presidential party were driven rapidly
from the Capitol to the White House, where
they lunched in the state dining room. After
lunch tho party wont to the reviewing stand
in front of the White House, from which
point they viewed the procession as it came
from the starting point beyond the Capitol en
route to the point of dismissal at the Thoraa3
statue. Oa the stand with the President
were members of the supreme court, Senators
and Representatives, Air. Arthur and the
cabinet, members of the diplomatic corps,
army and navy officials and distinguished
visitors from all parts of the country. As
each organization passed in review it greeted
President Cleveland an l Vico-President Hen
dricks with the customary marching salute,
and cheer after cheer arose from the assem
bled throngs. The New York organizations
especially vied with each other in the matter
of giving tho now administration an ovation.
THE FIREWORKS.
The display of fireworks commenced at 7
o’clock p. M., on the grounds south of the ex
ecutive mansion, known as the White Lot.
Tho Drocramme be cun with a shower of sig
nal rbckets7 tallowed "by a grand Illumina
tion. Balloons with firework attachments
preceded a display of colored rockets. Bat
teries with mines ot stars and serpents and a
number of eighteen-inch Japanese shells came
in succession next, and thou a rocket display
with parachutes. A tourbillion, followed by
another display of Japanese shells, preceded
a flight of I,OJO rockets, fired simultaneously.
Mines of stars came next, followed by twen
ty-four inch shells and a special locket dis
play. Next in order came showers
of steel and gold rain, followed .by
thirty-inch shells with wonderful effect,
a crossfire rocket dis [day, batteries enfilade,
special Japanese twenty four inch shells, a
flight of 2.000 rockets, tourbillion shells, 8
floral fountain, iocket>, pleiades and tele
scope. Then followed a great gold cloud of
points, a fine picture of Jefferson and a bril
liant illumination of groat spaco. The next
piece was the largest set piece ever fired in
this country. It was a fine picture of the
capitol, with portraits of Cleveland and Hen
dricks flanked by the emblem of industry and
commerce, and the motto, “ Peace and Pros
perity.” The twenty-ninth figure was the
falls of Niagara, and the concluding number
wts the flight of 5,000 rockets, forming a vast
floral bouquet in midair.
Tho Flambeau club, after the close of the
fireworks exhibition gave an exhibition in
the White Lot, starting from Willard’s hotel
and proceeding up the avenue to Seventeenth
street. Ou the route they gave the flambeau
exhibition and discharged fireworks,
CLEVELAND’S ISiUSUJIL ADDRESS
Ills SPEECH ON TAKING OFFICE.
Reform In the Administration of the Gov
eminent Promised.
The following Is President Cleveland’s Inaugural
jaddress in full as delivered:
Fellow-Citizens— ln the presence of this vast
assemblage of my countrymen lam about to sup
plement and seat by the oath which I shall take
the manifestation of the will of a great and free
people. In the exerci-e of their power and self
government, they have committed to one of their
lei ow-eitize s a supreme aud sacred trust; and he
here consecrates himself to their service.
This impressive ceremony adds little to the sol
emn sense of responsibility with which I contem
plate the duty 1 owe to all the people of the land;
nothing can relieve me of anxiety lest by any act
of mine their interests may suffer, and nothing is
needed to strengthen my resolution to engage
every faculty aud effort in the promotion of their
welfare.
Amid the din of party strife the people’s choice
was made; but its attendant circumstances have
demonstrated anew the strength and safety of a
government by the people, in each succeeding
year it more clearly appears that our democratic
principle needs no apo.ogy, and that in its fearless
and faithful application is to be found the sure
guaranty of good government-
Put the best results in the operation of a govern
ment wherein every citizen has a share, iargfiy de
pt mi upon a proper limitation of purely partisan
zeal and effort, and a correct appreciation of the
time when the heat of the partisan should be merged
in the patriotism of the citizen.
To-day the executive branch of the government
is transferred to new keeping. But this is stilt the
government of all the peopre, and it should be none
the less an object of affectionate solicitude. At
this hour the animosities of political strife, the bit
terness of partisan defeat t.s t the exultation of
partisan triun.ph should be supplanted by an un
grudging acquiescence in t! c popular wul, and a
sober, conscientious concern for the general weal.
Moreover, if, from this hour wc cheerfully andhon
estiy abandon all sectional prejudice and distrust
aud determine, with manly confidence in one
another, to work out haim nioußiy the achieve
ments of onr national destiny, .we shall desene to
realize ail the benefits which our happy form of
government can bestow. *
On thia auspicious occasion we may well renew
the pledge of onr devotion to the Constitution,
which, launched by the founders of the republic
amt consecrated by their prayers and patriotic de
votion, has for almost a century born the iiopes
and the aspirations of a great people through pros
perity and peace, ami through the chock of foreign
conflicts :ni the perils ol domestic strife and vi
cissitudes.
1 y the father of his country onr Constitution wss
commended for adoption as "the result of a spirit
of amity ami mutual conce-sion.’ In that snine
spirit it should l>e administered, in order to pro
mote the lasting welfare of .he country and to se
cure the full measure of its priceless b r.effte to us
and to those who wilt street el to tue blessings of
our national life. The larze variety of diverse
and competing interests subject to Federal con
trol, pcr#i>tently seeking th: recognit on of their
Claims, need give ns no fe rs that "the greatest
good to the greatest number" will fail to be accom
plished, if iu the hails of national legislation that
spirit of amity and matoal concession .-hall prevail
in which the Constitution had its birth. If this in
volves the surrender or postponement of private
interests and the abandonment of local advantages,
compensation will be found in the assurance thit
thus the common interest is subserved and the gen
ial welfare advanced.
In the discharge of my official duty I shall en
deavor to be guided by a just and unstrained con
struction or the Constitution, a careful observance
of tbe distinction between the powers granted to
the Federal government and those reserved to the
States, or to the people, and by a cautious appre
ciation of those lure lions which, by the Constitu
tion and laws, have been especially assigned to the
executive branch of the government.
But he who takes yie oath to-day to preserve,
protect and defend the Constitution of the t sited
States only aasfnaes the solemn obligation which
e ery patriotic citizen, on the farm, in thewor*-
sson* in the busy mans of trade, and everywhere,
should share with him. The Constitution which
prescribes his Ostb, my ev. -Jurymen, a yocr-; me
government yoa have chosen him to administer
for a time is yours; the snffrage which executes
the wii: of freeman is yours; the laws and the en
tire scheme of our civil rule, from the town meet
ing to the State capitals and the national capital.
Is yourt; YOur every voter, as surely as your chief
magistrate, under the same high sanction, though
in a different sphere, rxerciees a public trust.
Nor is this all. Every cit.aen owes to the country
a vigilant watch and close scrutiny of its public
servants and a fair and reasonable estimate of
their fidelity and usefulness. Thus is the people’s
wiJ impressed upon the whole framework of our
civil policy—municipal. State and Federal— and
this is the price of our liberty and the inspiration
of our faith in the republic.
it is the duty of those serving in public place to
Cluseiy limit public expei ditures to tne actual needs
of the government economically administered; be
cause this bounds the right of the government to
exact tribute frum the earnings of labor or the
property or the citizen?, and because public ex
travagance begets ext-*- .gance among the people.
We should jever tee and *i> simplicity and
prudential onomles iv.-fch are best suited to the
operation of a republican form of government and
most compatible with the mission of the American
people. Those who are selected for a limited time
to manage public affairs are still of the people, and
may do much by tbeir example to encourage, con
stantly with the dignity of their official functions,
that plain way of life which among their fellow
citizens aids integrity and promotes thrift and
prosperity. -
The genius of our institutions, the needs of our
poop e in their home life, and the attention which
is demanded for the settlement and development of
the resources of our vest territory, dictate the
scrupulous avoidance of any departure from that
foreign policy commcnde 1 by the history, the tra
ditions and the prosperitj of our republic.
It is the policy of ind< yendence, favored by our
position and defended bv our known love of jus
tice and by our power. It is the policy of pence
suitable to our interests. It is the policy of neu
trality, rejecting any share in foreign broils and
ambitions upon other continents, and repelling
their intrusion here. It is the policy of Monroe and
of Washington and Jefferson—“ Peace, commerce
and honest friendship vvrh all nations, entangling
alliances with none.” A due regard for the inter
ests and prosperity of s’i the people demand that
our finances shall be established upon such a sound
and sensible basis as si.all secure the safety and
confidence of business interests and make tiie
vv ges of labor sure ands eady,and that our system
of revenue shall be so adjusted as to relieve the
people from unnec.essaiv station, taking a due re
gard to the inioroMß of v invoeted and work
ingmen employed in Amei,:an industries, and pre
venting the accumulation of a surplus in the treas
ury to tempt extravagan e and waste. Care for
' the property of the nati( a, and for the needs of
future settlers, require .hat tho public domain
should be protected from purloining schemes and
unlawful occupation.
r J he conscience of the people demands that the
Indians within our boundaries shall be fairly and
honestly treated as waidsofthe government, and
their education and civilization promoted with a
view to their ultimate citizenship; and ihat polyga
my in the territories, destructive of the family
relation and offensive to the moral sense of the
civilized world, shall be repressed. 'J he laws should
be rigidly enforced which prohibit, the immigration
of a servile class to compete with American labor,
with no Intention of acquiring citizenship and
bringing with them and retaining habits and cus
toms repugnant to our civilization.
The people demand reform in the administration
of the government and the application of business
principles to public affairs. Asa means to this end,
civil service reform should be in good faith en
forced. Our citizens have the right to protection
from the incompeteney of public employes who
hold their places solely as the reward of parLisan
services) and from the corrupting influence of
those who promise and the vicious methods of
those who expect such rewards. And those who
worthily seek public have the right to
Insist that merit, that competency shall be recog
nized. instead of narty subserviency or the sur
render of honest political belief.
In the administration of a government pledged
to do equal and exact ostice to all men. there
should be no nretext, for nx'ety touching the pro
tection of toe freedmen iii their sights, or tliclr
security in the government of their privileges under
the Constitution and its Amendments. Ail discus
sion as to their fitness for the place accorded to
them as American citizen* is idle and unprofitable,
except as it suggests the necessity for their improve
ment. The fact that they are citizens entitles'
them to all the rights due to that relation, and
charges them with all its duties, obligations and re
euoiisibilitics.
These topic;, and tne constant ana ever varying
wants of an active and enterprising population,
may well receive the attention and the patriotic en
deavor of all who make and execute the Federal
law Our duties are practical, and call for Industri
ous application, an intelligent perception of the
claims of public office; and, above all, a firm de
termination by united action to secure to ail the
people of the land the full benefits of the best form
of government ever vouchsafed to man. And let
us not trust to human effort alone ; but, humbly
acknowledging the power and goodness of Al
mighty (Fod, who presides over the destinies of
nations, and who has at all times been revealed in
our country’s history, let us invoke His aid and His
leasing upon our labors.
NEWSY GLEANINGS.
A Paris dispatch says that Mielle, the mur
derer who sawed his victim in pieces, is sen
tenced to be guillotined.
—Earl Granville, in the English House of
Lords, made a long speech explanatory of the
controversy between himself and Prince Bis
marck and apologizing to the latter.
—A magistrate in Switzerland had a narrow
escape from being shot while sitting on the
bench last Friday.
—An explosion occurred in a colliery at Kar
win, a village of Austrian Silesia, Friday. At
the time of the explosion H 7 men were in the
mine, and it is as yet unknown whether or not
any of them were saved.
—A terrific explosion occurred in the Us
worth Colliery at Sunderland. The explosion
was caused by fire damp. Thirty-six dead bod
ies were recovered from the ruins. At tbe time
of the explosion there were 150 men in the
mine. These were all imprisoned by the jam
ming of the cageway.
—An attempt was made to blow up Cloghan
Chnrch, county Donegal, Ireland, by powder
placed under it.
—England has ordered 150,000 troops to be
in readiness for service against Russia, trusting
to the reserves to maintain order at home.
—The French fleet baa closed the mouth of
the Ning-Po River.
—DeWitt C. Sprague, of Washington, who
delivered the poem at the last Decoration Day
services in New York, has been selected as poet
for the annual reunion of the Army of the Po
tomac, which is to be held in Baltimore on
May 6 and 7.
—ln the New Orleans assassination case,
Judge Ford was convicted of manslaughter and
Pat Ford, his brother, of murder in the first
degree.
—The Ottawa Parliament has taken strong
grounds against dynamite and other explosive
agents.
—T. S. Arthur, the well-known writer and
magazine publisher, died in Pnila-lelphia from
kidney troubles, aged 76 years. He was the
author of “Ten Nights in a*Bar Room,” etc.
—By the backing of gas generated in a still
at the’oil works. Constable Hook, N. J., the
blower exploded Friday night, instantly killing
John Lynch and seriously injuring another
employee.
—Mr. Solmans, one of the five hat manufac
turers of South Norwalk, Conn, whose men
struck recently, has failed for $50,000.
—A colored boy, ont of revenge, attempted
to kill a whole family at Macon, Ga., by put
ting powdered glass into their food.
—Two boarders in a Bradford (Pa.) hotel
were barned to death on Friday in a fire which
destroyed ihe building.
—ln the Kings County, N. Y., Court of Ses
sions, Paul Bauer, proprietor of the West
Brighton Beach Hotel, who had pleaded guilty
to allowing pools to be sold in his Coney Island
club house, was sentenced to three months' im
prisonment and to pay a fine of $750.
—Several Kentucky desperadoes were cor
nered in their mountain cabins by a Sheriff
and ten picked men. Ihey only surrendered
after severe fighting.
—D:n Carlos, the Caban leader, was shot
down and killed by the Spanish civil guard at
Amarillas, Cuba.
—ln Baltimore a shot was fired at the train
containing the New York County Democracy
to Washington, the ball passing through the
hat of one of the passengers.
—Gov. Hill of New York has dismissed the
charges against Sheriff Davidson of New York
city.
—A Chicago judge has decided that a boy is
not obliged to attend worship in a public school.
THE NEW CABINET.
CLEVELAND'S NEW CABLNET AP
POINTEES.
Tlicir Portraits and Short Sketches ot their
Lives.
Following aro sketches of th® lire® of Pros!
■lent Cleveland’s cabinet officer®:
THOMAS F. BAYARD, SECRETARY OF STATE.
Mr. Bayard was born at Wilmington, Del.,
October 29, 1829. He was chiefly educated at
Flushing school, and his early training was
for a mercantile life. After having had some
experience in business in New York ho re
turned to Delaware an 1 studied law with his
father, Hon. James A. Bayard, who was then
in the Senate. He was admitted to the bar
in 1851 nhd in 1853 ho was appointed United
States District. Attorney for Delaware, but
resigned in 1854 and went to live in Philadel
phia, where he remained till 1856, when he
returned toWilmington, where he remained
through the civil war, practising his profes
sion. In the winter of 1868-9 he was elected
to the Senate to succeed his father, and was
reelected in 1575 and 1881. In 1870 he was a
member of the Electoral Commission. Mr.
Bayard is the fourth of his family who have
served in the Senate. His grandfather,
James Ashton Bayard, was elected to the
Senate from Delaware in 1804 and served till
1813, when President Madison appointed him
one of the Commissioners to negotiate the
Treaty of Ghent. His uncle, Richard H.
Bayard, wa- elected to the Sonate from Del
aware in 1836 and again in 1841. His father,
James A., served in the Senate from 1851 to
1569.
DANIEL MANNING, SECRETARY OF THE
TREASURY.
Mr. Manning was born in Albany, N. Y,,
August 16, 1831. His parentage was of Irish,
English and Dutch extraction. He was a
poor boy, and his early opportunities for
schooling were very limited. At eleven years
of age he went to work as an office boy at
the establishment of the Albany Atlas, which
was afterward merged into the Albany Ar.
(jus, with which paper he has ever since, in
one capacity or another, been connected. In
1873 he assumed sole charge of the Argus,
and was elected president of the company,
which position he yet holds, though ho has
done little or no writing for some time. He
was a member of the Democratic State con
vention of 1874 that nominated Samuel J.
Tilden for governor and was a delegate to the
St. Louis convention of 1876 that nominated
Mr. Tilden for President. He has been a
member of the Democratic State committee
since 1876. was its secretary in 187'Jand 1880,
and was elected chairman in 1881, which place
he now fills. He was warmly inte< ested in
the nomination of Mr. Cleveland for Presi
dent at Chicago last July. Mr. Manning has
long been a director of the Albany and Sus
quehanna Railroad compfiny and is president
of the National Commercial bank of Albany,
of which he was first director and then vice
president. He is also park commissioner of
Albany and is a director of the Albany Elec
tric Light company.
UCIUS Q. C. LAMAR, SECRETARY OF THE IN
TERIOR.
Mr. Lamar was born at Oxford, Putman
count}-, Ga., September 17, 1825, and re
ceived his early schooling in his native town.
He graduated at Emory college, Georgia, in
1845. He sudied law at Macon, Ga., and
was admitte Ito the bar in 1847. He moved
to Oxford. Miss., in 1549, and was elected ad
junct professor of mathematics in the Missis
sippi State university. Dr. A. T. Bledsoe, ed
itor the Southern Review, being the senior
professor. He resigned in 18 0 and went to
Covington. Ga where ha devoted himself to
the practice of law. In 1853 he was elected
to the Georgia legislature and in the follow
ing year return*! to Mississippi, where he
se tied on a plantation m Latayette county.
He was elected to the Thirty-fifth and Thirty
sixth Congress and resigned in 186 •. He en
tered the Confederate army in 1861 as lieu
tenant colonel of t_e Nineteenth Mississippi
volunteers, and was soon promoted to the
colonelcy. In 1863 he was to Russia by
the Confederate government on an import
ant diplomatic mission. He returned to
Mississppi at the close of the war and in 1864
was elected profes or of political economy
and social science in the university of that
State. A year later he was transferred to
the professorship of law. He was elected to
the Forty-third Congresss and re-elected to
the Forty-fourth, in the winter cf 1576-7
he was elected to the Senate, where be bat
unce served.
AUGUSTUS H. GARLAND,ATTORNEY-GENERAL.
Mr. Garland was born in Tipton county,
Tenn., June 11, 1832. The following year ins
parents moved to Arkansas, where lie has
made his home ever since, and which State
he has represented in the Senate since 1876.
He was educated in St. Mary’s college and
St. Joseph’s college in Kentucky. He studied
law and was admitted to practice at Wash
ington, Ark., the place where his parents had
originally settled, in 1853. He removed to
Little Rock, where his home now is, in 1856.
He was a delegate to the State convention
that passed tho ordinance of secession in 1861.
and was also a member of the provisional
Confederate congress that subsequently me®
the same year at Montgomery, Ala He
served in both the House and the Senate of
the Confederate Congress,being in the Senate
when the war closed. Ho was elected from
Arkansas to the United States Senate March
4, 1867, but was not admitted to hisseat. He
made the test-oath case as. to lawyers in th®
supreme court of tne uiiiieu States and
gained it. He practised law at Little Rock
with success till 1874, when he was elected
governor of Arkansas without opposition,and
at the expiration of his term was elected to
the United States Senate,again having no op
position, and succeeded Powell Clay tom
WILLIAM O. WHITNEY, SECRETARY OF TH*
NAVY.
William Collins Whitney is a native of
Conway, Mass., and was born in 183!). After
being graduated from Williston seminary at
Enstliampton, William C. Whitney entered
Yale college in 1859. He was chosen to de
liver the oration of his class on graduation.
Entering the Harvard Law school, he waa
graduated in 1865, and continued his studies
in New York city, whore he has since re
sided, with Abraham R. Lawrence, now on®
of the judges of the supreme court. Oil hi®
admission to the bar he Began the practice of
his profession, which he has since followed.
Air. Whitney served as an inspector of
schools in New York, in 1872, and the same
year was defeated for district-attorney as
tho candidate of the Reform Democracy ow
ing to the demoralization of the party,
WILLIAM F. VILAS, POSTMASTER-GENERAL.
Mr. Vilas was bom at -Chelsea, Orange
county, Vt., July 9, 1840. When he was
eleven years old he went to Wisconsin, where,
a few months after, he was entered a pupil
of the preparatory department of the Uni
versity of that State. In 1853 he matricu
lated in the Freshman class of that institu
tion, and was graduated there in 1858. After
taking his academical, degree he studied law
in Albany, N. Y., and was graduated from
the law school of that city in 1860. After his
admission to the supreme court of New York
be removed to Wisconsin, where, on his birth
day, July 9, 1830, he made his first argument
before the supreme court of that State. In
the same year. 1860, he became a partner
with Charles T. Wakelev, a lawyer of good
standing. Upon the outbreak of the war Mr.
Vilas entered the army as captain in the
Twenty-third Wisconsin volunteers, and rose
to be major and lieutenant-colonel. He re
signed his commission and resumed the prac
tice of the law January 1, 1864. In 1872
General O. E. Bryant joined him in pariner
ship, and in 1877 his brother. E. P. Vilas,
also became a partner in the firm. The su
preme court of Wisconsin appointed Colonel
Vilas one of the revisors of the statutes of the
State in 1875, and tho revision of 1378. adopt
ed by the State, was partly made by him.
In 1879 Mr. Vilas refused the use of his name
as a candidate for the governorship of Wis
cons in.
WTL C. KXDICOTT, iICRKTABY OF WAR
William Crowinshield Endicott. was born
OFFICIAL ORGAN OF BUTTS CO
In Salem, Mass., in 1827, and is the son ol
William Putnam Endicott and Mary, daugb
ter of Hon. Jacob Crowinsbield, who was a
Representative to Congress. He at tended the
Salem schools, and was graduated from Har
vard college in the class of 1847. He married
Ins cousin, a daughter of George Peabody,
tnd has two children, a sou and a daughter.
Judge Endicott studied at Harvard Law
school, and read law in the office of the late
Nathaniel J. Lord. He was admitted to the
bar about ISSO, and a few years later formed
a partnership with the late J. W. Perry, and
continued with him until his appointment by
Governor Washburn to a seat on the supreme
bench in 1873. This position he held until
1882, when he resigned on account of his
health. In 1882 he made an extended tour
of the continent. lie was n member of the
Salem common council 1852, 1853, and 1857,
when he was elected president of that board.
He was city solicitor from ISLB to 1863. lie
is a member of tho Historical society and of
the board, of overseers of Harvard college.
Politically Mr. Endicott is of "Whig antece
dents, his affiliation with the Democratio
party dating from the Bell-Everett campaign
of 1860, but he hits never been an active poli
tician. ” .
THE INAUGURAL BALL.
DETAILS OF TIIE SPLENDID AFFAIR
The Decorations. Festivities nml Progrnmo
of the Occasion.
The ball which inaugurated President
Cleveland's entrance into the White House
was held in the immense new Pension build
ing in Washington.
DESCRIPTION OF THE TENSION BUILDING.
The building is a great structure, two New
York blocks long and more than one block
wide, and is the largest that has ever been
used for such a purpose. An immense Ro
man palace, with its walls surrounding an in
terior courtyard and all its apartments di
rectly communicating with the outside air
and light, is the main idea of the plan of the
building. There are no halls in the build
ing- .
Two tiers of galleries run around the court,
by which access is gained to the rooms, and
these galleries, with their lonic and Dorio
columns, add to the effect of the hall. In
each front of the building there is a brick
staircase, which leads into a landing on each
story, and thence to the galleries looking into
the interior hall, all the rooms having en
trances from tho galleries. As the rooms oc
cupy the entire width of each side of the
building they are open to the light and air on
both sides instead of on one side.
DECORATIONS OF THE BALL-ROOM.
Inside the contrast with the unfurnished
exterior was all the brighter. The great hall
was brilliant with the gleam of electricity
that flashed back again from ten thousand
glittering points and was caught up and
turned away again and again by flashing
glass and burnished surfaces. Standing in
the President’s gallery and looking down the
long floor, alive with over-changing kaleido
scopic pictures, growing mailer and smaller
toward the far away end, one saw nothing
of walls and no hint was given that there
was any limit to the size of the
ball-room. Rich, warm colored tapestries
and hangings completely hid the walls,
and ferns and palm trees formed cool-look
ing arbors and picturesque retreats. Around
the ball-room run a gallery almost hidden
beneath a wealth of soft maroon velvet and
satin bunting and down the room ran two
rows of soft gray stone pillars. Altogether,
but for the lavish decorations, the moving
pageant, the sounds of music, the gleam of
lights and tho gay laughter, the hall, with its
simple columns and high-arched roof, might
have been taken for some old cathedral.
At the President’s end of the room was an
immense plate-glass mirror 16 feet high and
10 feet wide. It had a beveled edge thres
inches wide and a frame composed of 600
separate pieces of cut glass. This mirror was
at the Centennial and Paris exposition, and
is valued at $7,500. Beautiful stands of
flowers were at its base. From the arched
roof streamers of national colors reached
down in graceful sweeps, and these again
were caught up and pinned with
shields of different coats-of-arms. Flowers,
plants, ferns and palms were everywhere.
At each of the four corners of the hall a great
pyramid of tropical plants rose high above
the gallery, and the eight great columns
which almost divided tho nail were complete
ly hidden by wreaths of cedar and smilax
twined in serpentine curves with sprays of
cactus and fan-shaped palms peeping out be
tween.
Opposite the big mirror a beautiful Jap
anese canopy of flowers, twelve feet high,
formed a luxurious retreat, surrounded by a
great horseshoe. There the President’s chair,
a rest of roses, the prettiest floral design in
the hall, was placed. Beside the lavish dec
orations which made parts of the ball-room
real conservatories. There were seven large
set pieces representing the different executive
departments of the government. These were
eight feet in diameter.
ARRIVAL OF THE PRESIDENTIAL PARTY.
At 11 o’clock President Cleveland’s coach
rattled up to the private entrance followed
ten minutes later by the carriages of Vice-
President Hendricks and ex-President Ar
thur. The band began the familiar “See the
Conquering Hero Comes,” and with one
accord the promenading couples drifted to
ward the F street entrance. With his sister,
Mrs. Hoyt, on his arm, the President went at
once through a private door into his
room ana waited there for the
Vice-President and Mr. Arthur, but
he did not ©scape recognition, and a round of
applausj went up to which he bowed bis
thanks. The President’s sisters, Mrs. Hoyt
and Mi3 Cleveland, and his nieces,the Misses
Hastings, waited, while escorted by Senator
Pendleton and Richard Merrick, Mr. Cleve
land made the tour of the ball-room,applause
following him as he walked the length of the
room, bowing to the few persons whom he
knew of the four or five thousand who had
gathered there in his honor. Having made
the circit of the room he returned
to his own department and for half an hour
with the ladies of his party and Mr. and Mrs.
Hendricks he stood receiving. Miss Cleve
land wore an evening dress of white corded
silk, with skirt em traine, and neck heart
shaped at front and back. The new mistress
of the White House has blonde brown hair
cut short, and worn in becoming crimps, a
fair complexion,” and a quick and not un
graceful movement. She is self-possessed,
without being self-assertive. Mrs. Hoyt,
Mr. and Mrs. Bacon and tho Rev. A. N. Cleve
land and wife followed, the first two
ladies sisters of the President, and
wearing tasteful evening dresses of pink satin
and of smoke-colored velvet, with front of
the same shade, brocaded on white. The
Misses Hastings, nieces of the President, and
a son of his ministerial brother, completed
the family party. Mr. and Mrs. Daniel Man
oing, the latter wearing her bridal dress of
rich white satin, with exquisite lace, and
Colonel Lamont, with his wile, accompanied
the President.
—Gen. J C. Black, of Illinois, has been ap
pointed Commissioner of Pensions. He is a
veteran soldier.
—The paragraph abolishing the census of
fice, which was struck oat by the Seuate, was
restored to the Appropriation bill, in Confer
ence Committee.
—The total expense of the Inauguration will
not fal short of $45,000, which is SIO,OOO
more than was calculated npou by the com
mittee.