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VOLUME XXI. \ v. <K : ÜBr > A. XV. : A I . VlcKibben fc Lane .TTJR EYSATLAW JACK-' n Ga BENUE CLAUDE C. RM, ■ ' ' lacksor G . I RAY & RAY, [ATTO RN E YS. Negotiate loans on real estate lower than any Loan Broker in Georgia. Superior advantages in collecting claims n the South. Practice in all Courts, both Federal and State: Also Supreme Court of U. S. A. bv special contract. WRIGHT & BECK, Attorneys at Law. (OFFICE IN COURT HOc BE.) - - CSrJB^. M. M. MILLS, eunttUor & Attorney at Law. Will jir*ctie in all the courts. M*"er #aa4 on r<al estate at low rate of Inter t. Long time araotod with small pay- Honey obtained at onoo without (otmea nt court howsr.) Dr. 0. H. Cantrell, didntist. JACKSON, - - GEORGIA. Up stair* over S. W. Bun’s Rock I oraer. J. W. LEE, M. 1). JACKSON, QA. Will practice medicine in its various kraaofcea. Office at J. W. Lee & Boa’s drug store. Residence first house west of Mrs. Brady’s. HOTELS. STOP AT THE Morrison House. KVKKYI lII,\Q NEW AND FIRST CLASS Conveniently Located, Free Hack to ¥>v*o* C It. GRESHAM, Proprietor. Wilkinson House. Fir t C<es in Erry Particular. Th ©sty brick hotel between Atlaate r.d M *cen. C'nv*Hi*nt to all business. Mi. A. E. Wlhimsow, Prop. Dompsy TFTrm an | Mil. T. B. MOORE, Ptomnos. WiMr.'l ible, id Table supplied w.th the l*eet. Owner Public Btjnare. ETHERIDGE & KINA ED. FIDE INSURANCE AGENTS. Risk taken on all classes of Insur ance. We insure Cotton, Cotton Gins Saw mills, Country Stores, Dwellings, Barns &c. We represent some of the ('st and oldest companies in the Uni ted Sates. MOAEY TO LOAN. We are prepared to negotiate loans for j amount on real estate on the moat avorable terms. Call on us and investi tive before borrowing elsewhere. Office n the court house. Thaxton A Mills. fure, Brilliant, Perfect. Authentic bring testimoaUls from dis '*■ uis ed generate and statesmen in fa rof H i ke-* New Orr!tali*ed Le'"*ei ver <1; oth’ lN Oir Next U. N. 'fßßtit Smyei Mh K ilawks* Dar ihr: Th* •tic p*e ;l '<s on lur ashed me me m sii.ee piTe exec cat smtisfac i - ' have estod them by use and rs > sa in aie tin q-utled in eloarneae • o bril .ncv by any that I h ire erar it .-p.-ctfu'ly, Jon* B. CJordok, Ex-Governor of Bt*te of Georgia. Bulicm Man’ll Clear Tltt.a* N' w Y rk City, AprH 4, 1888. Mb. A. K. Hawkihs— Dear Sr: Your patent eye tkaeea re- t ired some tin? 4i ce, and nn rery much gratified at the oj<i>rful ohange that has come orer my *)'*i|rht sinee I have disc rded my old gta*asj and am no r wearing youra. Aubxasdbr Aoak, Secretary Stationer* Board of Trade of New Y*rk City. A-W iiyee fit and and t* e fit guaranteed by L CARMICHAEL, *AC*SO*. - BEOKSIA Jitftftle #co?gin LOCAL BRIEFS. Ihnne your grapevines. t be mule business is lively. Read the jury list in this issue. Save all home made fertilizers. W e add new names to our subscrip * ion list every week. Clever Bill Hightower, of McDon ough, was in town on Saturday. Il you want a good hat try the (Cate City. Almand,Mron &Cos. Only three weeks now ami ihp re publican office h'drler* will have to hunt la. Remember that superior court con vene* on its old time—second Mondax in March. Best parch coffee—Jersey cof lee. Buy one package at Almand, Moon & Cos. Mr. Wesley Mo.ev, of Oik, died on Wednesday night week after a serious illness of only a few dais. The public loads should be put in good condition. Do not wait untiil just betore court and after. This week has been an exceedingly foggj one. For seve-al days the fog was so heavy that one could not see but a short distance, for a larger pari of the day. The old reliable Butts and Eu taw acid and Jackson High Grade fertilizers. Almand, Moon & Cos. The fertilizer sales will be much larger in Jackson this season than ever before. We do not mean to say that our farmers will use more but more people are coming here for it. In fact, our trading territory is spreading everv year. We worn out foraging one day last week amt when we returned and took au inventory of our dax’s work we had tvv pigs, live doztu eggs, one peck walnuts, one peck penuts, and a bushel turnips. This insures living one more week at leas: We learn that ali the Indian legends eoncei ning the famous India i fSpriugs are to be written up and put in book foi m at an eariy A y Mr. T. W Loylers, city editor of the Macon Tel e raph, will edit the work. We aie proud ol this, as a place with more romantic and legendary history than Indian Springs cau not be found in Georgia. When you want to buy cheap goods, give us a call. Shoes, hats, clothing jeans, flannel, drilling, ch jcks, shirting, calico, table lin en, bed spreads, silk hosiery, gloves, handkerchie s, pins, needles, buttons, thread, umbrel las of all kinds, corsets, cuffs, collars, shirts, suspenders and gents neck wear, at Almand, Moon & Cos. The Argus does not want it to be understood as trying to dictate to our farmer friends what they should plant, or what they should not plant, but just as sure as they plant largely of cotton tho coming season, they will reap but little money for their labor this year. Cat the cotton planting short and increase all home supply products and you will be prosperous and happy. JURY* LIST. Jurors Drawn tor the March Term ot Butts Superior Court, 1893. traverse jurors. R. G. Plymale Samuel Hodges J. M. Goggius P. R. Watkins M. L. Duke J. W. Anderson Elmo Andrews J. H. Ham Me D. Henderson J. G. Thonipsou J. M. Fiudlv B. C, Ware S. T. Haiellp J. L. Crawle\ G. W. Coleman. W. F. Duke I'. J. Cole J. A. Pitman B B. Biles O. B. Willis J. R. .nayfiield W. H. Bat nes W. M. Andrews G. S. Barber Cornelia McClure W. C. Whuiley Wilson Smith G. T. Fo-sett B A. \\ right Jd. P. Dod'On J. J. ihoiutOK 11..1. Maddox i J. Waklrup R. G Lavender .1. r Boon A. A L> luon GRAND JURORS. A. H Ogle tree C. F. Etheridge J. IJ. jiieCalitim G W White T* H. Grier T. J. D mpsiy F. S Etheridge J. B. Moore J. F. McKibben Jas. Wilson U. 1.. Daughtry W. F. Smith J J. Thompson Z T. Smith J. M. Ball J. G. Colwell Drakt Knewles Jas. C. Maddox J W. Terrell R. V. Smith J. S. Carter J. T. Bickers K. W. Aiken T. J Carson >l. G. Barfield W. M. Hammomi J. T. Mayo T. N. Bowulee H. L. Grant J. P. Britton. JACKSON, GA., FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 10 1893. SCBOOL DEPIHTMT. BUTTS COUNTY SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS. Jackson Institute -J. C. Blasin game president; Prof. Kelley, vice president; Miss Eva Sasnett and Miss Rosa Thornton, teachers. Music, Miss Helen Rogers. Art deparmen*, Miss Mahone. Jenkinsb lrg —C. R. Thompson, Miss Eha E Pound. Flovilla High School: —W. M. Spann principal; J. C. Spann, as*'. Mrs, G. B Elder Music. Elgin High School—C. S. Mad dox, County Line -Prof Ward. Henly V Mid— Prot. Aiken Con nth—Miss McGheehee. Indian Spings—Miss Fannnie M Ogletree. Worthville—Miss E-tell* Wal thall, Stark—J. C. Cornwall. Cedar Rock—Miss Clyde Hunt. Barrett's Mill—Miss Ida Smith Base -Miss CfL'vis Jinks, Flxnt Hill —M ms Magif Scar brough Cork—V. D. H.r.is Grady Institute—Miss Dolhe Rogers. GOOD SPELLERS SCARCE. Recently a spelling contest was held at the Teachers’ Institute, in Lockporf, N. Y , in xvhich eighty-five school teachers took part. Their participation in the contest was compulsory, although a prize, a dictiouary was given the winner. Of tiie entire eighty five onlv, five spelled “Ren ß selaer’’ correetl . •‘A kaowledgment” was misspelled by sixty-three, or about 74 per cent of the entire number of thw contest ants. ‘ Supersede’' was misspelled L\ fif:'-eight contestants; “resus citate'' by fifr v four ; “excellei fitly six; ‘benefited by fifty eight; ‘‘haziness ’ b fifty; "m d.d' and ‘maintenance'’ bv forty five each ; “ndllite?” by fortv e ght ; “‘preten tious’’ and “gaseous,” each by forty three, and '“concede’' by forty-nine. That is, each of those words were m>ed by over one half ol the con testants. These instances will be • ficiQt to show the general char acter of the words propour ded and misspelled. Now, when so large a proportion of teachers misspell so heavy per centages as these, and it be borne in mind that no or unusual “catch’' word, properly so called, anpears in the entire list,it justifies, we think, the conclusion that good * ellers are scarce. It must not be cencluded that Niagara is alone in the poor spelling of her teachers. Far from it. On the con trary, she averages well with other counties in which similar contests have been instituted In Rensse laer county, for instance, the seat of literature, laundry ing,breweries and enlightenment, seven contestants could not spell the name of their own county It appears, in fact, to be a puzzle everywhere it is given out, “Genesee ” never fails to bag a goodly number of victims, and “Nicarague” can always be relied on for a few. We are not sure “Ni agara,” if propounded, might not have been misspelled hy a hall doz en or so, Nor do we doubt that a similar number of Chautauquans would fail on the name of tlieii county, and we imagine it would be a safe wager that seven teachers. tan institute held in that place, pioviiled no previous hint were giv en, would misspell “Skaneatehs," Yet it cannot he denied that tho are common geographical raino,n| will kc.own localities in the _r. a; s do of New York. Sun iy. log. piopor ion of teachers should .< i -pell them Again, all. a* and, ehang*-H bie,eligible.crysanthemtiui, ( ar .J 1 par lysi •, eyarrhal, hemonhig separate and s\ nine ry are word.- so persisted-ly miop* lied that tlie vry fac* ehouldattract notice in our public schools and the teachers >ho ild not only spell them correetlv and without hesitation themselves, but teach their scholars to do like wise. The fact is that in these c’a\ s the pupils in the public schools learn aliule of everything and not very much of anything. It is full time to revive the old-spelling bee. Household Guest. Mr. Editor: —As you said you would like to have anything concern ing schools, or schools of our county, xve thought we would let you know how the school at Iron Springs xva> progressing. VYe learn that there are forty pupils enrolled, and undoubtedly the most determined energetic children to be found anywhere. We can testify to this, tor miring the cold, cold weath er since Christmas, the children could be seen briskly walking to school every morning, notxvithstanding their homes were much more pleasant and comfortable than the school home. Although, some would be si en eailx hastening to school for fear of de merits on tardiness. And, by the xvay, xve have learned that last month eighteen were on tin roll oi Honor tor perfect punctualitx, lessons and deportment to xvit: Nannie McDaniel Delia Maddox Pearl Mayo Gertrude Maddox Maggie Barber Maud Maddox Ida Kiinbal Clifford Maddox Virgia Maddox J. O. Preston Mary McMiehael Edgar Preston Allie Me Michael Perry Henderson Estelle Henderson If. H. Henderson Laura Smith Jessie McMiehael We are. glad to have such an inter esting school in our midst. Weal xvays fei l tli it a xvell diciplined school, xv be. re morals and manners are tangln as xvell as text book-. Ims a good effect on al 1 the neighborhood. More anon, Ax Observer. We are glad our correspondent gave the roll of honor, as >x ell as other val uable information. Any child or youth, who strives to excel in school is just as honorable as be xvho obtain to positions of honor in after lito. A manor woman xvho doesn’t, feel in his heart, to encourage, a school girl or boy, in trying to fit themselw for good society has a heart of stone, and too little sense to have learned that the bud is an undeveloped rose. We will publish the syllabus for the First Saturday's Institute in a fu ture issue. Wiit'ii the subject ha> been assigned to the respective teach ers Every teacher in Bulls couin\ should be glad to attend these Insti tutes. They are the greates couceiv able means of learning tlie teachers hoxv to teach 4 and a man who thinks he knows enough is to be pitied, foi he i/bo is finished, and, therefore net susceptible to improvement, is in the same rediculous predicament as the religious crank, xvho has finished his work and is now busily engaged in attending to the allaii s of his neigh bors. OLD BLACK JOE. I cant write you er letter ais week boss, case Ise tie r d. You see, boss, er young buckery is got me plovd for dis year, an las week he tooken s*.ade in de feeld all day ebery day, an I tried to do de same remount ob work what he do an conshequijt 1\ I cont rase me left hine foot ober de tuder wun. I tell you boss er nigger dont no liuffin what dunt hai tur work in de feeld wider white man what ones de farm he sef. Week afer nex de white foksgoin ter hab court, an de buckery is on de jure an we niggers am er goin ter hah some ress. Golly I ken shut me e’s now an inervishunl ken see ole Beck wi-d wun trace luse an me settin er side de rode er talkin ter ole ant Tildy what lives on Mr, Watkins plantcration. POSITIONS GUMALTNTEffD. By The Georgia Business College of Ma con, Georgia. :Zhe estaolished reputation of the Geor gia .Business College, which ranks all other southern institutions, enables it to do what no other is doing, viz: Guarantee a position to every person of average ability and good moral character, who completes its prescribed cour-e. Many Text .Book clleges are studiously seeking to conceal their lack of merit and influence, by hinting that no repn able in* stiution wll guarantee positions. Fet. this celebrated college, which eaches real business by purely practical nietlio ds, no only boldly gives this guarantee, lut s making it good in every instance. It had fifty studens from a dozen states North a .and South, to enter last month; and in addition to placing every graduate, has now on hand numerous unfilled applica tsoin from the best professional and mer cantile Anns for book-keepers and stenog raphers, at salaries of $(300.00 to $1500.00 per annum. Evejy young lady and genfleman, de siring to becon e independent, should write for full particulars, to Wyatt A J/artix, Macon, Ga. mn NESBITT His Monthly Talk with the Farmers of Georgia. Department of Agriculture. Atlanta, Ga., Feb. 1, 1893. The Late Cold Spell, Perhaps the severest in ten years, has caused almost an entire paralysis of farm work, and it is only where a great deal of energy and determination have been brought to the front that anything has been accomplished in the field. A little cleaning up. repairs on fences, the cutting away of briars and bushes in the old fence rows, is, in most cases, all that has been attempted. The ther mometer registered as low as six degrees and never higher than fourteen for several days, and it was this uniform cold, with the snow which followed, that saved the oat crop. Had it alter nated between freezing and thawing for Bame period, the damage would have been irreparable. lam informed that in some localities, more especially lower Georgia, the oat crop has succumbed and where this CROP HAS BEEN KILLED. I would advise the re-seeding of the game land just a3 soon as the weather permits of out door work. It has been too much our practice in the past to put this land in cotton. don’t be tempted to do this. If this land was fertilized in the fall, put on a little more plant food and put your oat seed in the first opportunity, and I don’t think you will have cause to regret your .action. I have never seen a farmer who permitted the land on which cotton had been killed to go implanted, and I have yet to see the man who replanted it in any crop but cotton. The plows must noxv be moving every favorable moment, but don’t plow your land when it is TOO WET. The little time gained by this plan is far outbalanced by the injury to the land, for if there is much clay this becomes mortar, and so compacted that It requires years of subsequent intelli gent work to counteract the injury. Too many tenants and hired men are ignorant of or indifferent to the harm done, and hence this mistaken plan is often followed. The heavy freezes have destroyed much insect life, and will render our land more pliable and easily broken by the plow. THE COMPOST HEAPS should be pushed forward with vigor. Try a compost of stable manure, acid phosphate and potash. This puts your land in fine mechanical condition and gives plant food well adapted to our soils and standard crops. For this pur pose there is nothing better than the formula prepared by the late Mr. Tur man. which I give iu full elsewhere in this report. In planning for your crops DON’T GO ON THE IDEA that it is the number of acres rather than the preparation and condition of the land which marks the successful farmer. With our cheap and abundant lands it seems almost natural that we have fallen into this error. But let us realize that it is an error and resolve to follow better methods. In the last fifty years agriculture has made vast strides and it is in those older countries where advanced, scientific methods have been practiced that a marked degree has been attained, and our own state, com paratively young and fresh, has to depend to a large extent on outside assistance for the food to support our population. OUR CHIEF CROP all goes to swell the profits of other in dustries, leaving us nothing hut a hard living. The consequent dissatisfaction is causing many farmers to seek em ployment in other lines of business. To trace the evils of such a state of feeling we need only study agricultural his tory in England, Her farming popula tion is 33 per cent, of the whole, and in 1890 she imported four hundred millions of breadstuffs.* Her laboring popula tion is poorly housed, underpaid, discon tented. The average farm is 390 acres, and m the last sixty years she has lost 8,500,000 of her population by imigra tion. In France, on the contrary, you find an energetic, painstaking, frugal peo ple cultivating and owning their small farms. Her rural population is 75 per cent, of the whole. In 1890 she exported one hundred and thirty-five millions of food products, and in sixty years she has lost only 500,000 people by imigra tion. Her farms average ten acres, but there are four millions of farmers who make an independent living on farms of two acres each. Her people are inde pendent and hopeful for the future. In England the farmers have, in the last century, lost by the enclosure acts 6,000,000 acres of land, while in France nearly the same number of acres have been gained by the working people. In Our own state we see cur people bur dened with A SUPERABUNDANCE OF LAND and undivided as to the best method for managing it in order to make it pay even a moderate interest. I under stand and appreciate the difficulties, which this condition brings—and I, in common with many others, know that the man who expects to realize a profit or to pay off debts, by stretching his credit to make a few more bales of cot ton, literally “futures” to be dug out of the ground, these to be exchanged for meat and meal and fertilizers to “run” a few more shiftless laborers, is making a grave mistake. We admit that this “old beaten track” has landed us any where but in prosperity. We know that the financial policy of the government has discriminated against the farmers, but we must also acknowl edge that after seeing our carefully ma tured plans end in ignominious failure, or like Dead Sea fruit turn to ashes on our lips—it is the part of wisdom to try different methods. We have watched these fruitless efforts year after year, find it is folly to go on compounding our mistakes. Let us direct our atten tion chiefly to such AN APPORTIONMENT OF OUR CROPS as will secure our home supplies, and then make such money crops as our cir cumstances will admit. One man can control labor with apparent ease, and the labor is near him, this man can af ford to take some risk in planting crops, Which require rapid and clean cultiva tion. On the other hand, I would ad vise any man, who knows he will have difficulty in obtaining labor, to direct his work on the line of grasses and itock. Begin on a small scale and build pp gradually* The owner should W the heal—to him should be left the di rection of control of the farm economy, which he should study to conform to the most enlightened methods. Let him plant such creps as have best suc ceeded in his vicinity, work within his means and don’t undertake more than he can handle intelligently and with the amount of labor at his command. The Garden. An abundant supply of fresh vege tables is undoubtedly one of the luxu ries of the farm, and to produce these requires good management. The gar den should have been deeply covered with manure and this well plowed in, not too deep—before the heavy freezes began. If this has not been done, haul out your manure at once and broadcast. Plow and harrow until you have your soil in good tilth, and in planting the different vegetables try and supply as far as possible the plant food needed by that special variety. Irish potatoes, the first garden crop usually planted, re quire a good deal of potash and two successive crops in the same year, can be easily made. We are now, the first of February, eating potatoes dug out of the open ground, entirely uninjured by the severe cold, and as perfect and large as those of the usual spring crop. They were planted in August and heavily mulched, Should it be necessary to re-seed the oats put in an additional number of acres, rather than curtail those already sown. Should this crop fail, you have a well manured and nicely prepared 6eed bed for FIELD PEAS, from which crop you can gain a fine supply of feed and your land be left in improved condition. Keep a large slice of your farm for CORN AND SORGIIUM, planting several varieties of the latter with a viev/ to succession of crops. There is nothing better for hogs, and if planted convenient to the hog pasture can be handled without much expense. Leave a good patch for potatoes and ground peas. Remember that THE HOG CROP 13 SHORT, and the price of meat is advancing. Look well to the hogs. Give them care ful attention. I have a neighbor who always raises an abundant supply of meat, He has never lost a hog from cholera. He gives them the same at tention that he gives his plow animals, the same regular daily feeding and wa tering, and at one year of age his pork ers average 200 pounds. This result is not so much from the quantity of food, as from the regularity with which it is given. In all these monthly talks 1 have en deavored to show that we should aban don methods, which must result in ab solute stagnation of our energies. Our agricultural misfortunes appeal directly to the business interests of the whole country, and our towns and cities w'ill not continue to thrive and grow when agriculture, their dependence, is in an unhealthy condition. Build up our ag riculture and every industry through out our commonwealth will be re-vital ized. Every effort of our government, our agricultural societies, and our pub lic men, should be directed to this great work. I cannot close this “talk,” with out again appealing to our farmers to avoid the “broad acre” and the “cotton” craze. R. T. Nesbitt, Commissioner. Potash as a Fertilizer. Of the three great plant foods phos phoric acid, nitrogen and potash, the farmer perhaps more often has the value of potash illustrate than that of the others. The increased yield on those spots in the field where old brush or logs have been burned hear testi mony to its efficacy as a fertilizer. The benefits derived may not be felt the first year as it may not have become thor oughly enough mixed with the soil to have supplied with it the other mate rials necessary for plant growth. In America, potash as a fertilizer, has never been so highly regarded as in Europe. The reason for this is evident from the large per cent of potash shown in analysis of many of our soils as com pared with those of Europe, and the further fact that our staple crops do not require as large a per cent, of this ingredient as other crops more largely cultivated in densely populated dis tricts. The natural sources of potash in the soil is from the disintegration of feldspathic and micaceous rocks, and for this reason the clay lands in the sate formed by such disintegration are not so likely to require a large applica tion of this element with other fertili zer material to render them fertile as other lands in the formation of which these rocks did not enter. Potash be ing very soluable is easily leached out of the soil, and consequently in washed clays, originally containing a large quantity, little is to te found, and much clay soil might be found to pro duce a larger yield by a greater applica tion of this element. The agricultural potash of commerce is principally the salts of potash or kainit, imported from Strassfurth, Ger many, and contains about IS per cent, of actual potash and muriate of potash, which contains 80 per cent, of muriate of or about 50 per cent actual potash. Freed from combination, pure potash is very caustic and absorbs water from the air very rapidly in this state, the cost would be increased and the diffi culty of handling very great. Another radical objection to potash in its caustic state, is, that it cannot be composted to advantage, as its chemical action re leases the ammonia in the manure. Among trackers and fruit growers the value placed upon this ingredient of our fertilizers as promoting the growth of vegetables and fruits is evidenced by the high per centage contained in spe cial preparations made for their use. Indeed the value of potash in these par ticular branches of agriculture, is too well recognized to admit of discussion, and the fact of its use in combination with phosphoric acid and nitrogen ex cludes further reference to the matter in this article, the purpose of which is to discuss whether this ingredient might not in some section of our state be advantageously increased in our commercial fertilizer and in making compost. In advice on the subject of fertilizing no empirical directions of a general nature can be given, and ex periment alone can be relied upon to accurately tell the demands of the soil, for this reason we would not be under stood as advising a farmer to largely increase the quantity of kainit he is ac custom to use in his compost heap, without first having tried such an in crease on a small part of a field and no ted the effect on the yield. It may be that the land does not demand potash, but is difficult in phosphoric acid or ni* NUMBER 6. trogen, or that the ordinary compo 4 formula for corn and cotton is weL adapted to the soil. The value of ex periineuts to test the wants of the so* i cannot be overestimated, and the farm >r thus has at his command a simple and inexpensive method of ascertaining what should be applied to his land, which is superior to an expensive chem ical analysis of the soil. Too often we are prone to rely on soil test made by others, without properly considering their relative merits as applieable to our land, and to reason that the same fertilizer that produced a large yield on one field, will produce a large yield on all fields whereas different chemical and mechanical conditions may demand fertilization of a very different charac ter. Those farmers who have made a suecefs, and have converted worn lands into fertile fields, have done so by studying the wants of the particular soils, they are seeking to bring up and by supplying organic matter, phospho ric acid, nitrogen and potash, as experi ments demonserated it was demanded. We are thus careful to emphasize the immense value of experimental test of the soil by the farmer, as we believe that old rules should not be departed from until new methods have had their worth demonstrated. Personally, we have no doubt that on much of our land, especially in Southern Georgia, an increase in the amount of potash ordinarially xised would be found ad vantageous, yet it would be unsafe to ask the adoption of such an increase until its merits have been tried, and thejbest combination of the three great plant foods ascertained. From Terrell county reports have been made to the department of an increased yield from the use of an additional amount of pot ash, on the other hand in the general fertilizer experiment on corn conducted at the State Experiment station, among the conclusions reached were these- That the soil was diffident in all thi <$ of the elements phosporic acid, potash and nitrogen. That it was particular diffident in nitrogen, because nitrogen invariably produced the most marked in crease in the yield. That phosphoric acid was next in order of deficiency, since its effectiveness in increasing the yield Was next after that of nitrogen. That potash was least effected, was least needed. The results of this experiment, while showing the efficacy of nitrogen and phosphoric acid as fertilizers, does not by any means demonstrate that where there is a deficiency of potash in the soil an increase of this element in com bination may not produce a large in crease in the yield. A large number of experiments conducted at the Hatch Experiment station of the Massachusetts Agricultural college sustains this view, and the conclusions there reached place a very high value on potash as a fertil izer for corn. In comparing the results of the experiments the director of the sta tion says: “These comparisons indicate the surpassing importance of potash for corn upon this soil, thus confirming the general result of the w ark with cor’ during the two preceding years. In view of the almost universal response of corn to this fertilizer upon soils of fj many different classes and of all degrees of fertility and in so many widely sepa rated localities, the conclusion that it should be a prominent ingredient of fer tilizers used for this crop appears to me irresistible.” The director of the same station ad vocates from experiments the use o; potash with ordinary barn yard or stab! j manure for corn, and finds that fertil izers containing a larger proportion of potash produces in Massachusetts better results than the ordinary special corn fertilizer. The conclusion reached as to the formula to be used on the soil oa weich these experiments were conducted are so large in potash that we give the formula recommended by the director, as shown to what extent potash as a fertilizer may be successfully used for corn where the land does not naturally supply this element. The formula rec ommended is nitrogen 25 to 30 pounds, potash 75 to 80 pounds, and perhaps 25 pounds of phosphoric acid. A striking feature of this formula is the small amount of phosphoric acid recommended with a doubt as to its value on this soil. The widely different results obtained by the Georgia station and that of the Massachusetts station furnishes no ground whatever for questioning the accurocy of the work of either station, but rather bear testimony to the value of experimental work. It would seem from the results obtained at Griffin that the soil is well supplied with potash, and that there is little need of increasing the quantity of this ingredient while au increase in the quantity of nitrogen would result in great benefit. The work of the Massachusetts station is of more value as a potash test, as most of thr experiments appear from the results obtained to have been made on land depleted of this element and the in creased yield from a very large use of it testify directly to is value as a corn fer tilizer. Chemical analysis of the various crop shows that they contain a large percent of potash, and if the composition of the product is a criterion by which to judge the manure to be used where potash is deficient a large per cent, is demanded. Wheat and wheat straw ashes in 1,0(K dry parts contain 361 potash and 529 phosphoric acid; corn and corn stalks 857 potash, 620 phosphoric acid; oats and oat straw, 453 potash and 465 phos phoric acid. The ashes of turnips and potatoes show much larger amounts of potash than of phosphoric acid. In 1,000 grains, air dried, of cotton stalks and seed there is 15.8 potash and 13.3 phos phoric acid. In dealing with these analyses the fact that some soils con tain a supply of potash is to bo consid ered as favoring a larger proportion of phosphoric acid. On the other hand where fertilizers have been previously used the soluble character of potash and the fact that phosphoric acid when not, taken up by the plants remains in the soil is to be weighed in behalf of increas ing the proportion of potash. The small per cent, of potash found in the average commercial fertilizer, the great differ ence in our lands as regards to this ele ment, the injury resulting from its ab sence, call upon ihe farmer to exercise his best judgment in regard to its use. I he value of home tests as enabling him to reach a proper conclusion cannot be overestimated. Where soil is wanting in all three of the principal plant foods these analyses would advocate a much larger per cent, of potash than is ordi narily used. Experiments alone would therelore inform the farmer what he should do. In conclusion we would advise farm ers in Southern Georgia and on the sandy lands of North Georgia to add an additional amount of potash on some part of a fieldj not such a trial as would effect you finjjjicially were it to prove a failure, but guch a one as would by the yield show whether the soils demand