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■HOME PRINT. W', XX]I OCTOBER M,=lBR The White Store. * WILL BEGIN A GRAND “CUT RATE SALE” IN SEASONABLE MERCHANDISE. I \V t C> r Si- <> < v - xv" -ry-x- -xy-t;.,r e-j-x—w-x.j , T T L w V H/ 'v 7 *V r ~T<P xsjr - Ts3~x#r-zsr-csr xsr~xsr- ~zst- x.y t& ■ *$ r “Sk! CLOTHING. i, |2.50 worth $4.50 i, $1.50 worth $7.00. S $5.00 worth SB.OO. 00l Scotch Cheviots, $0.50 worth flo.OO. As English Serge, $12.50 worth $16.50. fs lime ilocknain Serge, $18.50 worth $25.00. >uly a lew of the many bargains we have for you in this de* ■nt anil only ask that you inspect our stock, and you 'will be I get suited: le above is only a part of the many bargains we have to offer you during our “Cut Rate Sale” which begins Mon- I October Ist, and will continue from day to day. You have a Free Ticket to attend this Sale; we only ask you to F see OIIr goods and prices, and if you don’t look sharp we will sell you something before yon leave the store. I "STOUT’S Tx'ull^t THOMPSON BROS., Prop’s. White Store, Jackson, GaJ purs UTTER Bmmissioner of Agricul ■ Talks to Farmers. lons of Georgia crops. MtfMlrytuen'il Convention Will —Valuable Points Discuss- Bi', utiun—The Sowing: of Wheat I Upon—-Now’s the Time to Dig Hitutoes—Select Seed Corn. STM ENT OF AGRICULTURE, Atlanta, Oct. 1, 1894. eting at Griffin, for the purf (Mnixing the dairymen’s asso ias set on foot a movement ittracting a good deal of at uoug farmers and stock breed will, it is hoped, result not e permanent improvement of lands and our stock, but will w source of revenue and stim diversity of crops necessary Jessful farmers. A good part t month’s talk was devoted to isiou of commercial fertilizers, > their judicious use is in their ’mlition essential to our farms, be elements taken off in the crops must be returned, unless see our lands become entirely tive and unprofitable, yet the use of the commercial goods deprecated. They are expen- Kthe history of agriculture t where the farmer persists in first or raw products of Wind depends entirely on buy ■ements of fertility removed by B*. his business becomes un- B and if the raw product is ■ tobacco, whose clean cyiltiva- Bs little liumus iu the soil, his ■ at last refuse to respond sat- B. even under the stimulus of Bl commercial fertilizers* To B business pay, it is important Blant at least a portiou of our ■ crops whleh we ourselves can Bure into higher and better Brms. Iu an article iu the eur- Bber of The Southern Cultiva te called attention to a carefully ■ table which shows that at the B* hay,*that is SI,OOO worth of Bi remove from the soil sto ■ much fertility as butter, and Be fat cattle remove more than Bd butter, they do not take off ■ a* wheat and the other grains. > review of this subjeot- fur- Biitional evidence of what has Bften asserted, namely that the Bhioh will pay best is that by B take off the smallest amount Biaents of fertility and at the B grow profitable crops. In B r, b. a judicious system of dairy ■ Mil gradually restore even the i r i -'Oils, because by feeding our ■H cotton seed meal, etc., we Ifieat and milk and at the same in the manure plant pro- THE JACKSOI 11 EDS. diiftipg elemefits to the value of two thirds of tne food given, which being returned to the soil in the very best form for future crops, continues tho manufacturing process.- But the work Ebe practically carried on, uiql not anure alone, "but every product of irm—milk, meat, butter, cheese must be utilized. If, iu conjunction with this process of manufacturing the raw materials, we also plant lugumi nous crops, peas and clover, Ave can by tljat intelligent use of commercial fer tilizers not only increase these crops that feed the laud and are of high val ue for feeding cattle, but we come to the point where we have grasped the se cret of successful and profitable farm ing. We make not only a saleable pro duct in meat and milk, but we get ma terials to build up our lands and make other and more productive money crops, all of which is accomplished by meth ods less depleting to both land and pocket, than the too prevalent plan of drilling in a little fertilizer to force a ATop from the soil, leaving it after each Application more exhausted than before. During the convention mentioned nhpvo, there was elicited much valuable information relating to dairying, and as the generality of farmers are practical ly barred from participating in such meetings, I propose to lay before them, through the medium of the department publications, some of the more import ant points discussed and their relations to the industry from which we hope so ; much fot Georgia. First, as to the market for dairy Sf products. Ip Atlanta, one firm alone daring the season about four of cheese, and throughout i the whole amount imported is at least 100 times as much. The impor tation of butter is much greater, and ail Af this oau be made within our own boundaries. Second, our means for sup ping this market. We already know what can be done with butter, and it has been demonstrated at our experi ment station that cheesemaking in Georgia is not. only practicable, but can to made profitable. The stock business is one of the best In Which any people can engage, and When it goes hand in hand with profita ble dairying, there can be no question •f the prosperity of the section which is so fortunate as to combine tho two. In order to realize our advantages for dairy farming, let us contrast Georgia With Wisconsin, for instance, whose weekly income from dairy products during the shipping season is $500,000, and her annual export to England of the one item of cheese is worth $2,000,000. Wisconsin is smaller iu area and also in copulation than Georgia, her blizzards are severe and disastrous, and for at least mix months in the year all nature is locked in snow and ice. In Georgia we have an equable climate, and there is Hot a month in the year m which it would be necessary to keep the cattle housed. We can have green food all v-gar round, and as a summer pa>t g; devalue of our native Bermuda is York-two state, earning on a profitable dairy business -a-windmills are necessary to pump up SJtrater supply, which often fails. The hundreds of creeks and small rivers iri Georgia furnish a nevor-failing sup "L Notwithstanding the disadvan of some winters, blizzards lack of ai n many instances hundreds Jf a iS’os distant from seaports, the dairy SHOES. 1/en’s Brogans, 98c, worth $1 25. Men’s Kip Ties, $1.15, the $1.50 kind, lien’s .Satin Oil Calf A?als. $1.25 worth $1.75. Men's .Satiu Oil Congress, $2.00, worth $2.50. Men's Fine French Calf Shoes, $4410 worth $6.00. Hamilton & Brown’s .Shoes $2.50 worth $2.50. Evitt Airos., French A'id, $3.50 kind, now $2.50. Children’s Shoes, 35c. and 50c. worth 5Cc and 75c. 5,000 other shoes cheap enough to buy with 5 cent cotton. t product of these states exceeds iu value the lumber, wheat and iron of the whole country combined. In Georgia, we have soil, climate, grass, water, and by properly utilizing these free gifts, it is possible to bring to our state a trade of from $30,000,000 to $50,000,000 annually. For, unlike Wisconsin, which is 1,500 miles away from a seaport, we have our own ports —Savannah and Brunswick —right at our doors. SOWING WHfcvt Besides the gathering of the crops, the sowing of wheat is work now call ing for attention. A good rule as to time of sowing is to regulate this so as to have the crop come up about the time of the first killing frost. This will pre vent the ravages of the fly, often so de structive, and the wheat takes better root and grows off more vigorously than in warm weather. The best situations for this crop are on the high knolls with a northern exposure, and the quality of the laud should be heavy, close and rich. Where these are not natural conditions, we should always imi tate them as closely as possible, by artificial means. The plant does not like a loose, open soil, therefore after breaking, which should be very thor oughly done by cross plowing if needed, bring the roller and harrow into use, and after the surface lias been brought to the finest tilth, sow the seed, which must previously be soaked iu Milestone, cover ing about two inches. Harrow, then finish with a heavy rolling, in order to compact the soil aud bring up the seed evenly and uniformly. It should have been emphasized that wheat exacts larger supplies of rich food, which must be made entirely available. It demands nitrogen especially, and also requires a full proportion of phosphoric acid and potash. Asa previous crop pea vines or clover are best, but if turned under should have sufficient time to thoroughly de compose, aud will supply iu great part the most costly element, uitrogren. Whatever commercial fertilizer is used, should be applied at the time the seed is sown, aud should be harrowed in with the seed. While these conditions would indicate that wheat is an expensive crop, it is yet good policy to plant enough for home use. The bran and shorts being fed to stock are returned to the land, aud the straw is used for forage and bedding. As the bran and shorts contain the principal constitu ents, which the grain takes from the soil, it follows that, if these are properly fed and applied, and the straw also, that the cost of the crop is much re duced. The red seed of Mediterranean origin are better suited than the white varieties. SWEET POTATOES. Towards the last of the month select a drv spell and dig the sweet potatoes. If the vines have been previously pas tured off, the ground has a better oppor tunity to dry off and it will be found that the potatoes are also dryer, two most favorable conditions for saving the crop successfully. Separate those which are cut or bruised from the sound ones. This cannot be too carefully attended to; handle carefully, and dry as far as possible before banking. The methods for banking have been very fully dis cussed in previous reports. GROUND PEAS. At least a sufficient Quantity for seed JACKSON. GA. ; THURSDAY, OCTOBER 4, 1894. should be dug before the frost loosens the roots from the vines. Before the frost kills the vines, it is comparatively easy with a fork to loosen and lift the nuts and vines together. Lay them in rows, vines at the bottom, nuts on top. Allow them to cure and it will be a much easier matter to gather the nuts, and the vines are good forage. This is a crop which pays well, if only to feed to the porkers intended for killing this winter. SELECT THE SEED CORN. Now is the time to selecet your seed corn for the coming year, before the crop is gathered, picking out the best developed stalks having the largest and most perfect ears. Gather and see that it is well dried and stored where it willbe free from injury. This is a good rule to apply to all seed intended for planting another crop. Select the best, and take care that they are well pro tected until needed at planting time. In cotton, the largest aud earliest ma tured bolls should be selected from the best developed, stocky plants. TERRACING. To what better use could we put any spare time of this season than in laying plans to prevent the washing away of our soils- We know the importance of this question, and there are many days too wet to pick cotton, which furnish us the very opportunity that we need. Let us study the best methods of ditch ing and terracing and combining these with our own experience, let us perfect our plans, and having carefully laid the foundation, let us steadily carry them out. This work cannot be done hur riedly or imperfectly, aud should be set ou foot at once. It is too late, when the, big rainfalls begin to come. The terraces, should be settled and com pacted before these heavy spring rains. A good plan is to sow them in rye or wheat as soon as they are made. FALL OATS. It is not yet too late to sow a crop of fall oats. Let me again urge its impor tance. It is encouraging to note that Georgia’s barns are full to overflowing, that we have enough and to spare to our less fortunate western brothers, but let us not pause in the reform -which we have so successfully commenced. Let us put in a full crop of fall oats and make “assurance doubly sure.” E. T. Nesbitt, Com’r. PEAYINES AND PEA STUBBLE. About what difference does it make in the improvement of the land be tween plowing peavines under and cut ting them off for hay and plowing un der the stubble? H. O. Y., Bremen. A recent experiment at the experi ment station of Arkansas gave a yield of 1,409 pounds of seed cotton where the peas were picked and the vines turned under; 1,294 where the vines were cut for hay and the stubble turned under. A plat of the same land upon which no peas were planted gave a yield of 1,008 pounds of seed cotton. It is evident from these yields that the land was comparatively well supplied with or ganic matter, and in our opinion on poorer land the difference at least in percentage of increase would be greater from the use of the entire vine. DRESS GOODS. \\ e can do you good in this line. JAiss Lula Browning has charge of this department. .She has been with one of the largest Dry Goods houses in JAacou, where she had charge of the dress making. She can tell you how to make your dress, and cordially invites you to see her if you wear dresses. She can show you some beautiful goods this week at prices that will please you. SPECIALS Aii Jeans .Sheeting, checks, etc. Heavy cotton checks 3 l-2c worth oe: 4 4 heavy sheeting 5c worth 7e. Heavy wool Jeans 15c worth 25c. Good Style Ginghams 5c worth 7 l-2c. Good Pins lc per paper. A>all Thread ic per ball. Cort'icelli .Spool Silk—all shades—l cent per spool. GENERAL; REMARKS. The 801 l Worm Is Damaging: the Cotton Crop to a Very Great Extent. The last month has brought but little change in the crop conditions through out- the state. Considered as a whole, the weather has been rather unfavora ble than favorable, and both corn and cotton have suffered to some extent. COTTON. The receipts of cotton at the interior towns verifies the reports of the depart ment that in many localities the crop is from 10 to 15 days late. The/jontinued rains in North Georgia hafe added to the development of weed at the ex pense of the maturing of the crop, ren dering it liable to greater damage from early frost. In Special localities great damage is reported from boll worms, indeed we are not aware of any occasion or year in which the crop has been injured to such an extent by this pest. The ravages of the worm is reported as amounting to a disaster in Jasper county, and the in jury by them as unparalleled in Oconee and Oglethorpe counties. It is with regret that we note the falling price of our staple crop, and that it now commands a price far below re munerative figures at which it can be produced. The commissioner in a re cent monthly talk called special atten tion to the effect that proper handling of the crop would have on the price it would command in the market. We would emphasize this and urge our farmers to exercise ca*e in gathering and handling the crop. In the event a farmer should consider it desirable to hold his crop, or any part of it, let him see to it that it is properly protected from the weather, and that no deterio ration in grade takes places by neglect ful exposure on his part. The lessons we should learn from the present ruin ous prices are severely taught, but let us, as far as possible, profit by them and improve the condition and capacity of our land, diversify our crops and render ourselves independent and our farms selfsustaining. It may not be amiss to call attention to another mat ter in this connection, which has been often touched upon in the publications of the department, and that is the at tention we should pay to the marketing of any side crop of which we may have a surplus. The fact that our money crop has always found ready bidders for cash in city and village has led to carelessness in the disposition of the smaller products of the farm, and many dollars have been lost by indifference in this matter. It behooves us to husband every resource. In response to our in quiry the method of saving sweet pota toes adopted by a thrifty farmer which has proven profitable to him will be GROCERIES. Our Grocery room is full of just such goods as you want and the prices are light. 1,200 pounds .dim and Hammer brand Soda at 4 cents per pound. Good Flour only $2.85 per barrel Every sack guaranteed. New .4uow Cotton Ties 80 cents per bunch. Our Grocery room is in charge of Beauregard ilAoore, and he says you only have to come to see him to get up a trade, for he knows he has the goods and the prices that will suit you. found Tn the inquiry column of this re port. The profit to the farmer results from the difference in price between a glutted market and a market in which a food product is scarce and the de mand steady. Georgia is among the three first states in the production of sweet potatoes, and by exercising the same pains, taking the care adopted by the farmer we have mentioned, the crop could be made the source of much greater profit. CORN. We note no substantial change in the corn crop since our report for August. With the failure of the crops in the west we are to be congratulated on the prospective yield in Georgia. POTASH. Why is it that in the usual commer cial fertilizer so much less potash is put than phosphoric acid ? W. A. TANARUS.; Columbus. Asa rule, the lands of America con tain much more potash that is available for plant food than they do of phospho ric acid. They also in many cases con tain gravel, which by gradual disinte gration, i3 constantly contributing to the potash supply of the soil. As to the amount of the two elements’ de mand, it will depend entirely upon the character of the crop. Another reason presents itself in that the portion of the plant info which the phosphoric acid enters is usually consumed and not re turned to the soil, while that into which potash enters in the hands of the care ful farmer finds its way back to the field. For example, phosphoric acid is the chief portion of the wheat grain which is entirely removed from the soil while the potash enters principally into the straw, which is in part left on land or fed to stock and returned in the form of manure. In animal consumption of grain, into which both elements enter, more of the phosphoric acid is taken up by the body than the potash. Hence, it is easily seen that where a proper sys tem of agriculture prevails that more of the potash is returned to the soil in the form of manure. CUT HAY. In feeding hay to horses do you con sider it best to feed the hay whole or cut? F. A. P., Waynesboro. It is much better to feed your horses cut hay than whole hay. Two horses subjected to the same amount of work and one fed.on cut hay and the other on whole hay will show the former in a §hort time in jjinuch better condition than the latter. In the east and west it is the usual custom to run hay through a cutter before feeding, and as the condition and working capacity of our stock is essential to prosperity, it would be well for us to profit by this example. OFFICIAL ORGAN. * INfIRMSWMI. Valuable Information Upon the Farming Subject. FERTILIZERS RECEIVE ATTENTION Where to Get Yoar Seed Cotton—Sugges tions In Regard to Burr Clover—Best Way to Feed Corn Meal Bran to Hogs. The Depth to Apply Commercial Fertil izers on Lands. Department of Agriculture, Atlanta, Oct. 1, 1894. I desire to manure my orchard with farmyard manure. What is the proper time? Y. A. TANARUS., Macon. Farmyard manure is apt to create too vigorous a growth at the expense of your fruit. If used it should be dis tributed in the fall, so that the growth that takes place will be in the spring and not in the summer months. BOLL WORM. We have been very much annoyed and great damage has been done in this section of the state by the boll worm. Is there any remedy? J. A. H., Monticello. ’ As the depredations of the boll worm are within the boll, it is very difficult to reach them, and nearly all remedies have proven of but little effect. The usual methods of contending with the common cotton worm, or caterpillar, have been found to some extent palia tive. Such as the use of arsenical pois ons and the moth trap lamp. Asa preventive where land freezes to a considerable depth during the winter, fall plowing will be found very bene ficial. A rotation of crop3 where the small grains can be used is also bene ficial. It must We remembered that the corn worm and boll worm are the same. BARLEY. What sort of a crop for pasturage does barley make? B. H. J., Monticello. It has been said that one acre of bar ley will furnish more grazing than fine acre each of wheat, oats and rye com bined. It makes an excellent pasturage and can be grazed in fall and winter and then give a good yield of grain. In California it is the great animal food crop, and all stock thrive upon it. It should be planted in very rich soil and it will be found useless to sow in any other. It should also be sown in soil well prepared. As to cultivation, it is sown broad cast, and hence requires no hoeing, and can be harvested with a mower. SPREADING MANURE. Would you advise spreading manure on land f* l ! ana winter as hauled CONTINUED ON THIRD PAGE. NO 39.