Newspaper Page Text
MR. NESBITT'S
MONTHLY TALK
The Commissioner’s Letter to
the Farmers of Georgia.
IMPORTANT MATTERS DISCUSSED
■-—
Farmers Advised Against the Foolish Prac
tiae ef if milling After Untried Crop*,
When Tliere Arc So Many "'ell Known
a* Kspeciall v Suited to Georgia—Econom¬
ical Methods of Handling Cotton.
Atlanta, April 1, 1896.
Again our inquiry columns are so full
concerning many of the principal farm
operations for this month, as to leave
ub little further to say, but there are
one or two subjects that we would like
♦o touch on as being of especial interest
to farmers. One is the disposition in
pome quarters to run after new and un¬
tried crops, forage crops more especially.
With the experiment stations, run at
government expense, and whose main
subject is to test such crops, as well as
the best methods of preparation and cul¬
tivation, wo would not advise farmers
to enter largely into experiments of this
kind. There are so many well known
crops of this class which have been
proven to be peculiarly suited to our
soils and climatic conditions that it will
pay better to invest our time and money
in developing these. This question of
forage crops is one of peculiar interest
to the south just now and the growing
and developing interest in stock and
cattle raising causes a more general de¬
sire for information on this and kindred
subjects. Questions as to the merits of
Facalino, Lathyrus Sylvestris, Beggar all
Weed, etc., have been received, to
of which we reply as above; that their
merits have not been thoroughly estab¬
lished, and until this is the case we
would adhere to those that we know
suit our peculiar conditions, leaving to
the experiment stations the work of
thoroughly testing the claims of these
new candidates for our favor. We are
all familiar with that sheet anchor of
southern farmers, tho cow pea, which
not only furnishes a splendid forage
crop, but pays back to the laud in roots
ami stubble, more of the expensive ele¬
ment, nitrogen, than the crop has con¬
sumed. Then, there is tho fodder corn,
according to all testimony the most val¬
uable silage crop yet developed. Be¬
sides these Sorghum, Kaffir Corn, Millo
Maize, German Millet, give us a variety
of green crops which, if judiciously man¬
aged, will furnish green food during
the entire season. While Spanish
ground peas and sweet potatoes con¬
tribute valuable and cheap crops for tho
fall manufacture of pork, to be ready
1 »ter for a short hardening process on
corn feed, before slaughtering.
Kilo*.
If a farmer lias a well constructed
rilo much valuable green food that is
often wasted may be utilized for feed¬
ing during the winter months, when
*.very pound of such food possesses an
unbanned value. A carelessly con
Ktruoted silo is an extravagance, but if
careful attention is given to every de¬
tail, and good, sound silage is secured,
all farm animals, except hogs, have
been found to eat it with relish and
benefit. From careful tests it has been
found that three tons of silage is equal
in feeding value to one ton of hay.
Quoting from the United States agri¬
cultural report cm this subject, we find
that "a much larger amount of digesti¬
ble food can be secured from an acre of
silage than an acre of hay. The food
equivalent of four tons of hay can ensily
Ik* corn.” produced It on an also acre of land economical planted
iu is a more
and compact method of storing fodder
than the hay mow, and possesses the
lame relation to dried hny, that, canned
fruit does to dried fruit. A silo of 180
tons capacity which will will hold contain 54 tons
of diy matter, only about 23
tons of dried clover hay, which contains
less than £0 tons of dry matter. It will
readily be seen that the "canning” pro¬
cess has several advantages over the
••drying” taken plan. In feeding silage care
must bo not to depend on it en¬
tirely for dry food. ’While it is an im¬
portant and economical addition to farm
fupplies, being easilv judiciously digested, and cat¬
tle ami horses fed on it,
show its beneficial effects in an im¬
proved general condition, it is advisa¬
ble iu feeding to mix it with hay and
grain. For full grown cattle 25 or 30
pounds per day is considered sufficient,
while for horses the ration is less. On
first opeuing tho silo tho ration should
bo smaller, until the animals have be¬
come accustomed to the change in
food, or a too groat activity of the
bowels may be induced, and in milk
cows the taste of the milk might
ether wise become affected for a few
days. Most green crops may be
successfully cured in the silo, The
proper time for harvesting is before the
leaves turn brown, but when the water
content of the plant begins to diminish.
Corn should be cut when it reaches the
« • roasting ear” stage, and if the season
is verv dry and the plants lack juice, it
is udvised to pour considerable water
over the silage after the silo is filled,
especially if the contents are at a high
temperature. thut it Is advisable Experiments have shown
to cut the corn into
short lengths, the shorter the better,
rather than store the uncut stalks. One
lialf inch is the usual length. It must
be carefully distributed, and well
tram the silage ped at will the sides settle and considerably corners. As
tho dur¬
ing process of heating and ferment¬
ing. the «tlo should be filled above the
t <p edge. A temporary covering mav
be put on for a few days After this
•ettAaghM token place, the best and
tnost efficacious plan for preserving the
content* intact, Is to place a layer
* tyred «• «Um. papor smoothly tod then over the thu surface
covor to
aopm or one or twoieet wirn cut srraw.
Rapidity of filling is unimportant, silo so
long ub fresh fodder is placed in the
before mould is farmed at the surface.
The following table gives the average
composition of different kinds of silage
as compiled from American analyses:
Composition of IlifTwerit Klrnls of Silngf*.
Nitrogen
Free ex
Protein Fiber tract Fat
Per Ct. Per Ct. Per Ct. Per Ct.
Com........ l.r o.o n.o as
Sorghum.......8 4.2 6.4 8.4 lo.d 11.8 1.2 .a
Red clover....
Oow Field Jmriiios! vinos 5.0 2.7 18.0 8-0 26.0 7.8 1.5 1.6
Cow pea and.
nojn pea, bean
virion mixed. 8.8 0.5 11.1 1.8
The terms Protein, Fiber, Nitrogen
free extract and Fat are explained in the
answer to an inquiry on So jit beaus in
another column.
Economical Methods of Cultivating, Oath
ei ingaud Marketing the Cotton Crop.
The question of how much cotton we
can afford to plant having been defi
nitoly nettled, the next subject for im¬
mediate attention, is how best to culti¬
vate these acres, and also to gather and
market the crop in order to got the hug¬
est return at the least expense. _ It has:
boon stated on tho authority of an emi¬
nent man, who has planted cotton
largely all his life and who has given of a
great part of his time to the study
the various circumstances affecting its
sale, that the value of tho cotton crop,
for the last ten, years has been depre
ciatod at least one-sixth by the rules of
the Cotton Exchange, which rules were
founded on and have been since sup¬
ported by tho careless methods of the
planters themselves. Our methods of
handling have been such as to give tho
buyer every advantage, and it cannot
bo too strongly urged that not only
should we cut down every expense as
far as possible, from the time the prepa¬
ration for the crop begins, until the last
lock is gathered, but that in ginning
and shipping, the same rigid economy careful
should be observed. Wo are not
enough in the sample we send to market,
and the large preponderance of inferior
grades affects injuriously the price of
tho whole crop. Again, the chances of
a fair sample in the markets is often
destroyed by exposure and rough hand¬
ling of the goods after they are ready
for shipment. Tho present form and
careless covering of our bales are re¬
sponsible for much of the damage which
«»ur cotton sustains before it reaches its
tnial destination.
Wo believe that if the round, compact
bale wore universally adopted, shipping the con¬
venience of handling and
would be greatly increased and the dan¬
ger from injury and loss so decreased
as eventually to sensibly affect the
market quotations. Tim much needed
reform in our methods would, as our
friend suggests, work a revolution in
the rules of the New York and New r
Orleans cotton exchanges, by eliminat¬
ing from the markets the greater part
of tho inferior grades, which now tend
to depress prices. The round bale is
gaining in favor every day, and as
fanners more generally acquaint 1 hem
selves with its advantages, its adoption
will become certain. We allude to this
question thus early, because by calling
attention to its merits now, it is possi¬
ble to market much of even this year’s
crop iu this neat and highly approved
form. R. T. Nesbitt,
Commissioner.
Soja Beans.
Question. —During the Exposition I
noticed in the Georgia building a dis¬
play of Soja Beans, which I was told
were a legume of exceptionally fine
quality for stock feed. Please give me
all the information possible as to this
crop. I would like to know how it
compares with our field pea, both as a
food and as a renovator of the soil. Also
when to plant and how to cultivate.
What is the usual yield per acre?
Answer.—A s an improver of worn
soils and a valuable food for stock the
Soja Beau ranks among our best crops.
The bean is richer in fat than any of
our grains ami stock are very fond of
the fodder. The latter if mixed with
coru in the silo furnishes a better bal
anced ration than the corn alone. From
the following analysis, taken from the
United States agricultural department
reports, it will be seen that as a fertil¬
izer and improver of the soil and as a
food, the Soja bean takes rank above
our ordinary field or cow pea.—State
Agricultural Department.
As a Food.
Nitrogen. Free Ex
Prototn Fiber tract. Fat.
Per Ct. Per Ct. Per Ct. Per Ct,
PO.TA Bkanb.
G-reen Fodder..... 4.0 22'$ 10.5 1.0
Dry Fodder .....14.4 88.6 5.2
Grain ..........~ 34.0 4.8 28.8 16.9
Cow Pkas.
Green Fodder. 2.4 4.8 7.1 .4
Dry Fodder 16.6 20.1 42.2
Grain 2o.8 4.1 55.7
As a Fertilizer.
Whole Phosphonic
plant Nitrogeu Acid Potash
Per Ct. Per Ct. PerCt.
Soja Beans 2.82 .67 1.08
Cow Peas 1.95 1.95
Iu explanation of the terms used.
Protein is the name of a group of ma¬
terials containing nitrogen, lt fur
uishes the materials for lean flesh,
blood, skin, muscles, tendons, nerves,
hair, horns, wool, and the cassein and
albumen of milk, etc., and is one of the
most important constituents of feeding
stuffs.
Fifier is the frame work of plants, and
“• “ “ the mo.« indigestible eon
stituents of feeding stuffs. The coarse
fodders, such as hay and straw', contain
a large proportion of fiber, and ore for
this reason less digestible thau the
grains, oil cakes, etc.
SIMMONS
>: -M ’OS ^32
REGULATOR
THE BEST
SPRING MEDICINE
is Simmons liver regulator. Don’t
forget to take it. Now is the time you
need it most to wake up your Liver. A
sluggish Liver brings on Malaria, Fever
and Ague, Rheumatism, and many other
ills which shatter the constitution and
wreck health. Don’t forget the word
REGULATOR. It is SIMMONS LIVER
REGULATOR you want. The word REG¬
ULATOR distinguishes it from ail other
remedies. And, besides this, SIMMONS
LIVER REGULATOR is a Regulator of the
Liver, keeps it properly at work, that your
system may be kept BLOOD in good take condition. SIMMONS
FOR THE
LIVER REGULATOR. It is the best blood
purifier and corrector. Try it and RED note Z
the difference. Look for the
on every package. You wont find it on
any other medicine, and there is no other
Liver remedy like SIMMONS LIVER
REGULATOR-the King of Liver Remedies.
Be sure you get it.
J. H. Zcilin & Co.. Philadelphia, Pa.
* Fl
M’!
y Don’t Limp
■ 1 \ Through Life
A) racked by Rheumatic pains. It
handicaps your whole career.
Of course you wouldn’t if you
i could help it—and you can.
\ 9 ,
\ ,v
V & - I i : #&iAf{eurd|^iG -^phSafic
*8 fliHEr
:
goes straight to the Liver, where
Rheumatism, Neuralgia, Dys¬
pepsia, Headache and most
other ills start.
It cleanses this organ and
makes it active again—the acid
leaves your blood, and you’re
cured. Testimonial below.
1 have lioen treated for g encral
debility arid chronic rbeumatis sra for
ten bottles years without any relief. Three V
of your medicine has cured me.
S. F. CLARK, Warrenton, Fla.
Ask Your Druggist or Merchant For It. ^
CULLEN & NEWMAN,
Sole Proprietors,
Knoxville, Tennessee.
not he your
Middle-man?
Pay but one profit between maker and
user and hat a small just one.
Our Big 70U Page Catalogue and Buyers
tiuide proves that it’s possible
214 pounds, 12,000 illustrations, describes
nnd tells the one-profit price of over 40
articles, everything you use. We send
for 15cents; that’s not for the book, but
to pay part of the postage or expressaga
and keep off idlers. You can't get it tot
quick
MONTGOMERY WARD & CO.,
The 5tore of AH the People
Michigan Ave., Chicago.
€. W- SKELTON J
GUNSMITH,
Eastman, * - Georgia.
Repairing of guns, pistols,
ing machines, etc., done on short
notice at reasonable prices
satisfaction guaranteed.
Mv shop is located at the
dence of YV. J. D. Skelton on
Griffin avenue.
Your patronage solicited.
^V^LIAJI OMaLLEY,
Builder 3Dd COEtrSCtOr,
Dealer in Brick, Fancy
and Grates for hearths and hall
ways, also Lime. Plaster of Paris,
Cement, Plastering Hair and all
Masons' Supplies.
0 ^^ v .........
:
$0^ *
- *2
l ' " •" "■ ’ : i I %. ' :
.I/.-'-- •
atiis
» a ' *££&*& ,y.. •
SCHOFIELD'S IRON WORKS,
Manufacturers of
Steam Engines, Steam Boilers, Circular Saw Mills, Cane Mills and
MACON GEORGIA.
Steam Pumping Machinery for Turpentine Distillers. Schofield’s
Presses for packing Cotton, in the lead for 16 years and still on top. Iron
Brass Castings of every Ventilators, description. Iron Columns for store fronts,
Door sills, Grating, etc.
Headquarters for WROUGHT IRON PIPE,
Pipe Fittings and Mill Supplies. General agents Gullett’s Light Draft
Cotton Gin, and celebrated Hancock Inspirator. Save money by addressing.
J, S. Schofield’s Sons & Company,
Jan. 18-ly. Macon. Ca-
RHINE, GEORGIA,
Dealers in . .
Whiskeys,
Wines,
Brandies,
Cigars and
Tobacco.
Jug Trade a Specialty.
When m Rhine we will be
to have you call on us.
Yours to Serve,
9
McLeod & Bohannon.
s. W. RAYNOR
STOVE F.EPSR WORK
Of all kinds promptly done on
short notice. I will make
man headquarters for a while.
Address me through the
man postoffice.
SOUTHERN RAILWAY.
■rxi
SCHEDULE IN EFFECT APRIL 1, 1890.
Northbound. No. IS; No. 9 No. 7
Lv. Brunswick......... 8 15pin .... j 9
“ Everett............. 9 85pm .... 10
“ “ Jesup................ Surrency............ 1010pm .... 11
.. . 11
“ Hazlohurst......... .... 12
“ Lumber City........
“ Helena............. 12 08am
“ Missler.............. 2
“ Eastman............ 2
“ Cochran............ 106am ....... 8
“ Macon.............. 2 20am 8 45am
“ Flovilla............. 0 55am 6
Ar. “ Atlanta............ McDonough........ 8 66am 10 88am 6
5 UOam 11 15am 7
“ Cha tt anoog a....... 9 45au! 7 1 5pm 4
Cincinnati, Q. & C...... 7 85pm 1 7 15am 0
Southbound. No. 14 No. 10 No. 8.
Lv. Lv. Cincinnati, Q. & C ToSamTodOpm fltibpmj 7
“ Chattanooga........; Atlanta............ 1 9 45am
“ McDonough....... 1050pm 11 45pm ' 51,3pm 410pmj j 8 7 23am
Ar. “ Flovilla.............;....... Macon 1 25am 600pm 7 10pm 9
Lv. Cochran............ .............. j 10
2 40am........ 12
* Eastman............................ Missler..............................
‘ 1 l< 4
Helena 3 40am 1 HOpm p m
.. ......... ........
“ Lumber City...................... 2 43pm
Hazlohurst......................... 803pm
‘ Surrency.......................... 4 13pm
Ar. .Tosup .............. 5 40am 5 09pm
Lv. Everett.............; .......
Brunswick..........! 6 25am........ 010pm
Ar. 7 15am....... 710pm
Trains 7 and 8 constitute tho Fast Day Ex
press between Brunswick and Chattanooga,
'vith Pullman sleeping cars between Atlanta
and Chattanooga. Also make connection at
Everett with F. O. & P. K. E. to and from
Florida.
Trains 13 and 14 carry Pullman sleoping car
between Brunswick and Atlanta, uniting at
Everett with the “Cincinnati & Florida
Limited," which is a solid vestibuled
Gain oetweea Cincinnati and Jacksonville, ear
i rpng Pullman sleeping car and day coaches
between those points, also Pullman sleeping
car between St. Louis and Jacksonville; anu
having Pullman connection to and from Kansas
City via Holly Springs.
Trains 9 and 10 carry Mann Boudoir sleeping
ear between Cincinnati and Atlanta; also Pull¬
man via sleeper between Louisville and Atlanta
L exin gton. Vestibuled day coaches be¬
tween Cincinnati and Atlanta.
Connections at Union Depot Atlanta for all
pouite north, east and west
W. H. GREEN, J. m. CULP.
Gen’l Superintendent, Traffic Manager,
W. A Washington, TURK. D. 0. Washington^). HARDWICK. C.
Oon’l S. H
Pass. Agt. Asst Gen’l Pass. Agt.
Was h ington. D. a Atlanta, Go.
WE *
DO
WITH
NEA TNESS
and Dispatch.
In these days of
TALL
TALK
Actual Achievements often seem to beat a dis
count, but after all Actual Achikvkmints are
the only things that count.
It Is easy to talk iu General Terms about the i
merits of PIANOS, but—be more specific—
THE MATHUSHEK
Tiie Greet Soethera Favorite.
Established 30 years. 30,000 now in use.
Sold by us for 25 years. Note these Valuable
Patented Improvements—
Patent Repeating Action.
Patent Bounding Board. Bushing.
Patent Tuning Pin
Patent Improved Agraffes.
Patent Soft Stop.
One of the only two Pianos made comp lete
(every part) In Its own Factory. One of tha
best made in the U. 3. Sold lower than any
other High Grade Piano. One profit only from
maker to purchaser. WRITE Ul.
LUDDEN & BATES,
SAVANNAH, GA.
NO MORE EYE-GLASSES
j 4m a' WEAK
j rrii M
j I MORE W EYES.
j I ss
j MITCHELL’S
! ! j I Eye-Salve
A Certain, Safe, and Effective Remedy for
i 1 SORE, WEAK, & INFLAMED EYES,
Producing Long-Sightedness, & Restore
ing the Sight of the Old.
Cures Tear Drops, Granulation# Eye Styt LasheS,
Tumors, Red Eyes, Matted
i3D PRODCCISG QriCK RELIEF AXB PERJlilEST COLE.
Also, equally efficacious when used In other
maladies, such as Ulcers, Fever Sores.
Tnmors, Salt Khenm, Bems. Piles, or
wherever Inflammation exist*. MITCHKJCU9
MAX, UK may bo used to advantage.
Sold br all Dr assist* at 25 Cento. £*
Horse Colic Medicine.
All persons owning horses would do
well to keep on hand a couple of bot¬
tles et above medicine, the best remedy
ever known for horse colic. For sale
hr all merchants and druggists. Brice
40c per bottle; bottles labeled with full
directions. Put up by
J. C. CARR, Eaatmsm, Ga.