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The New Soulli. LETTER FROM GENERAL SHERMAN. ■ a Which Uo DlaciiMtea lh Industrial had AKrlcullitral Hvaonrcra of Ibe Month— Wlihl la Kcmlml for lla Further l>vv-lopin<-t. Atlanta, Ga., February 1, 1870. General W. T. Sherman—Dear Sir: In the com 9e of several conver sations while your were in Atlanta, you were pleased to refer to the growth and prosperity of the city and to the ma terial progress made by the people since the war. You also spoke of the hen’.t'i fulness of .our climate and the advan tages ottered here to capitalists and in dustrious immigrants. Your i>o3ition during the war gave you an opportunity to study carefully our State, and especially Atlanta. By the time this reaches you. you will have passed entirely across the State, and I have thought that if you could he in duced to write the result of your ob servation with respect to the natural advantages of our soil, climate, and the resources of our section, it might be the means of attracting the attention of those who have capital as well as those who control and give direction to the tide of immigration. I know that continual demands, offi cial and social are made upon your time, but I was so struck with the aptness of some of your comments and the practi cal nature of your suggestions that I have ventured to address you this letter. Yours truly, E. P. llowell. St. Augustine. Fla., Feb. 4. 1879. Captain E. P. Howell, Editor Con stitution. Atlanta, Georgia—Mv Dear Sir: Your most acceptable letter of February 1 reached me here yesterday, and I avail myself of the first moment of leisure to reply. My opportunities fur studying the physical features of Georgia have !>eon even larger than you mention. In 1843- 4 I went from Augusta to Marietta in a stage (when Atlanta had no existence): thence to Belfonte, Alabama, on horse back, returning afterwards all the way on horseback to Augusta by a different road ; again, in 1864, I conducted, as all the world knows, a vast army from Chattanooga to Atlanta and Savannah, and just now have passed over ti e same district in railway cars. Consid ering the history of this period of time (35 years), the development of the country has been great, but not compar able with California, lowa, Wisconsin, or Kansas in all which States I have had similar chances for observation. The reason why Georgia lias not kept pace with the States I have named is beyond question that emigration would not go where slavery existed. Now that this cause is removed there is no longer any reason why Georgia, espe cially the northern part, should not rapidly regain her prominence among the great States of our Union. I know that no section is more favored in cli mate, health, soil, minerals, water, and everything which man needs for his material wants, and to contribute to his physical and intellectual development. Your railroads, already finished, giving your people cheap supplies, and the means of sending in every section their surplus product* of the soil or of man ufactures. You have immense beds of iron and coal, besides inexhaustible quantities of timber, oak, hickory, pop lar, beech, pine, etc., so necessary in modern factories, and which are becom ing scarce in other sections of our busy country. North Georgia is peculiarly adapted to fruit orchards, to gardens and small farms; and all 3 011 need to make it teem with prosperity is more people from that class of northern farmers and manufacturers, and the other large class of European emigrants, which has con verted the great northwest from a wil derness into comfortable homes for its millions of contented people. I have crossed the continent many times, by almost every possible route, and feel certain that at this time no single region holds out as strong induce ments for industrious emigrants as that from Lynchburg,Virginia, to Huntsville, Alabama, right and left, embracing the mountain ranges and intervening val leys, especially East Tennessee, North Georgia and Alabama. I hope I will not give offense in saying that the pres ent population has not done full justice to this naturally beautiful and most favored region of our country, and that, two or three millions of people could be diverted from the great west to this region with profit and advantage to all concerned. This whole region, though called “ southern,” is, in fact, “ north ern ” —vis : it is a wheat-growing coun- VOL. Ill—NO. 25. try; has a climate in no sense tropical or southern, Imt was designed hy-nn tnre for small Harms and not for large plantations. In the region I have named, North Georgia forms a most important part; aiid your city. Atlanta, is its natural center or capital. It is admirably situated, a thousand feet above the sea. healthy, with abundance of the purest water and with granite, limestone, sandstone and clay conven ient to build a second London. In 1804 my army, composed of near a hundred thousand men, all accustomed to a northern climate, were grouped about Atlanta from June to November without tents, and were as vigorous, healthy and strong as though they were in Ohio or New Y'ork. Indeed, the whole country from the Tennessee to the Ocnmlgee is famous for health, pure water, abundant timber, and with a large proportion of good soil, especial ly in the valleys, and all you need is more people of the right sort. I am satisfied, from my recent visit, that northern professional men, manu facturers, mechanics, and farmers may come to Atlanta, Rome and Chatta nooga with a certainty of fair dealing and fair encouragement. Though 1 was personally regarded the bete-noir of the late war in your region, the author of all your woes, j r et I admit that I have just passed over the very ground deso lated bv the civil war, and have receiv ed everywhere nothing hut kind and courteous treatment from the highest to the lowest, and 1 heard of no vio lence to others for opinions’ sake. Some union men spoke to me of social ostracism, but I saw nothing of it, and even if it does exist it must disappear with the present generation. Our whole framework of government and history is founded on the personal and politi cal equality of citizens, and philosophy teaches that social distinctions can only rest on personal merit and corres ponding intelligence, and if any part of a community clings to distinctions founded on past conditions, it will grow less and less with time and finally dis appear. Any attempt to build up an aristocracy or a privileged class at the south, on the fact that their fathers or grandfathers once owned slaves, will result in a ridiculous failure ahd sub ject the authors to the laughter of man kind. I refer to this subject incident ally because others have argued the case with me, but whether attempted elsewhere in the south, I am certain it will not be attempted in Georgia. Therefore, I shall believe and main tain that North Georgia is now in a condition to invite emigration from the northern States of onr Union and from Europe, and all parties concerned should advertise widely the great inducements your region holds out to the industri ous and frugal of all lands; agents should be appointed in New York to advise, and others at Knoxville, Chat tanooga, Rome, Atlanta, etc.., to receive immigrants and to point out to them on arrival where cheap lands may be had with reasonable credit, where companies may open coal and iron mines, where mills may be erected to grind wheat and corn, spin cotton, and to manufacture the thousand and one things you now buy from abroad ; and more especially to make known that you are prepared to welcome and patronize men who will settle in your region and form a part of your community. Your growth and development since the war have been good, very good— better than I was prepared to see ; but compare it with San Francisco, Denver, Portland, Oregon, Leavenworth, Chica go, St. Louis, or hundreds of places I could mention less favored in climate and location than Atlanta. These cities have been notoriously open to the whole world, and all men felt perfectly at liberty to go there with their families, with their acquired wealth and with their personal energy. You must guarantee the same, not superficially or selfishly, but with that sincerity and frankness which carry conviction. Personal I}\ I would not like to check the flow of emigration westward, be cause of the vast natural importance of that region, but I do believe that every patriot should do what he can to benefit every part of our whole country, and I am sure that good will result from turn- iug a part of this great tide of human life and energy southward along the valleys of the Alleghany mountains, especially of East Tennessee, Northern Georgia and Alabama, and if I can aid you in this good work 1 assure you that I will do so with infinite pleasure. Excuse me if I ask you as an editor to let up somewhat on the favorite hobby of “ carpet-baggers." I know that you personally apply the term only to political adventurers, but others, your readers, construe it otherwise. I have resided in San Francisco, Leaven worth and Saint Louis, and of the men who have built up these great cities, I assert that not one in fifty was a native of the place. All, or substantially all, were carpet-baggers, i. c. immigrants from all parts of the world, many of them from the south. Our supreme court, congress, and our most prominent and intellectual men, now hail from localities of their own adoption, not of their birth. Let the emigrant to Georgia feel and realize that his business and social po sition result from bis own industry, his merits and his virtues, anil not from the accidental place of his birth, and soon ! the great advantages of climate, soil, minerals, timber, etc., etc., will fill up your country, and make Atlanta one of the most prosperous, beautiful and at tractive cities, not alone of the south, but of the whole continent, an end which I desire quite as much as you do. Our nation has passed its infancy with the usual diseases peculiar to that period of life, and now, in its second century, it enters on its epoc of man hood. In this you, a younger man, have more at stake than I. I beg of you to look ahead and not behind, and to encourage by word and example every effort to make Georgia the con tented home of three or four millions of industrious and virtuous people. For your personal courtesy to me on my recent visit l give you hearty thanks, aud will on my return to Wash ington, be most happy to hear from you further on this and kindred sub jects. With respect, your friend, W. T. Siierman. Getting Out of a Scrape. The following by a contemporary, strikingly illustrates the cool nonchal ance and ingenuity with which a Yan kee who has got himself into a “ tight place ” will contrive to wriggle himself out. It is now and then the case that a live Yankee is actually “ trapped” by another man ; but then it is only by— a Yankee. Two Yankees were strolling in the woods, without any arms in their pos session, and observing a bear ascending a tree, with its large paws clasped round the trunk, one of them ran for ward and caught the bear's paws, one in each hand, lie instantly called out to his comrade: “ Jonathan, I say, go home and bring me something as fast as yon can, till I kill the vftfmlnt. Mind, don't siay, for I'm in a fix.” Jonathan ran off as fast as he could, but was an exceedingly long time re turning. During the interval, the bear made several attempts to bite the hand of him who held him. At length Jon athan came back. “ Hallo, Jonathan, what the deuce has kept you ?” Jonathan replied : “ Well, I'll tell 3'ou —when at home, breakfast was about read}', and I guess ed it would be as wellio wait for it.” “ Here, now, Jonathan,” said his companion, “ come you and hold it and I'll kill the critter in a jiffy.” Jonathan seized the bear's paws, and held the animal while the other could k'll it. “ Well, Jonathan, have yOU got hold of him ?” “ I guess I have,” replied Jonathan. “ Very well, hold him fast; I guess I'll go to dinner.” At the burial of Ashburton Webster, at Marshfield, last week, the lid of the casket containing the remains of his grandfather, the great statesman, Dan* iel Webster, was opened, and his face, the body having been embalmed, was perfectly recognizable. HARTWELL, GA., WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 1!), 1871). blood Transfusion -An Unsuccessful At tempt (o Save a Brooklyn Man's Life. For several months Andrew Fitzger ald, of Brooklyn, N. J., a former prom inent politician, Wits ailing, and for the past few weeks was unable to take any kind of nourishment. Asa conse quence he became very feeble, and on Saturday last his physicians determined to try the efficacy of transfusion of blood from a healthy body to the dis eased one, for which purpose a stout, hearty in an was secured. The patient's arm was bared, and the delicate opera tion of finding, taking up and opening a vein was successfully performed. The patient's condition was such that his pulse was nearly gone, the action.of his heart was feeble and the vein could scarcely be got at. The healthy man’s arm was tapped and his red, rich blood flowed freely into a funnel held to receive it. This was connected by tubing with a syringe, which worked in to a gold pointed tube, and it in turn led’iato the opened vein. They look five ounces of blood (about three-quar ters of a tumbler full) from the man and pumped it slowly into the system of the dying patient. The experiment was entirely successful and'the instru ment worked to acharm. Unfortunate ly for the patient, he was already far gone, ami after a brief rally he retained full possession ot his senses until about fifteen minutes before his death, which occurred at two o’clock on Saturday afternoon. Tlic Proper .Time for Slaughtering. It lias been discovered by a French chemist that the flesh of animals which arc killed in the latter part of the night will keep much longer without salting than it will when they are killed in the day time. This proves that the flesh is better fitted for keeping when the life and blood are Taken from the ani mal at the time the temperature is tiie lowest and respiration is the least ac tive. Hence the reason that the flesh from animals that have been highly heated or hard driven will scarcely keep at all. It U no new discovery that the meat of animal 3 killed after rest will keep than that killed immediately after exercise. As animals rest in the night, the meat will, of course, be bet ter in the morning. The reason why tbc above fact is so is this: Exercise dfaiv.s the blood to the extremities and it all through the veins. After rest it gradu ually returns to the vitals and circulates more sluggishly. Of course, if an an imal is then killed, the arteries and large veins being cut, the blood is at once emptied. Hut if lie is killed while tic blood is at the surface distributed thfougli'thc small veins, it will not be discharged. As biood corrupts sooner than flesh, the meat spoils. An Old Lady Nearly Killed by the Ordi nance of Baptism. A narrow escape from death by being baptized iii an icy fiver took place near West Palmyra, Lebanon comity, Penn sylvania, Sunday. Mrs. Martin How man, an aged invalid, expressed a dc* sire to be baptised. When told that the water was frozen she demanded that the ice be broken, which was done. She was carried to the river bank in n rocking chair, accompanied by her Inis, hand, children ahd a number of friends. The Rev. Mr. llertzle conducted the Baptist ceremonial by immersing the penitent three times. When she was raised the third time she resembled a corpse. She was carried to the shore, and everybody thought her dead. A frightful scene followed. The husband rolled in the snow in his bitter anguish, and the air was lou 1 with lamentation. She w.u3 carried into a house near by, when she revived, but is now lying at the point of death. More Than lie Bargained For. In one of the interior towns of New England a story is told of an old deacon who has a couple of mischievous boys and a spunky old rain. The deacon’s farm had a stream of water running through it, on the hank of which there is a rock extending over the water and about ten feet above it, and which can not be seen from the house. WHOLE NO. 129 The boys were in the habit of driving their father's sheep to this spot, aud then vexing the old mm until lie would pitch at them with all his might, when they would drop Hat down on the ground and let the mm go headlong over them, from the top of the rock into the water below. This was rare sport for the hoys, but one day die deacon caught them in the very act of giving old “Thumper" a hath, aud dealt with them as lie felt in duty bound to do, for such wickedness. Sometime afterward the deacon chanc ed to go to the rock, and seeing the sheep near it, he felt a strong inclination to sec his ram make another plunge into the Water. After looking about, to make sure that no one was n sight to witness his folly, lie croucl _d down on the edge of the lock and made a show of fight against old “Thumper,” who accepted the chal lenge and charged with all his force, so rapidly that the deacon, being rather slow nnd failing to drop in time, went over the rock headlong into the water | with him. Here was a fix for a deacon to he ! caught in, sure enough ; and to add to his mortification, hy flic time lie and the rain got out of the water, the hoys were standing on the rock above him, laugh ing boisterously The deacon sneaked off home—the hoys told of his mishap —and the old man is called “ Deacon Slow ” to this day. A few day's out from New York a ship was overtaken by a terrible storm, which lasted nearly a week. One day, at the height of the tempest, the rigging at the main masthead got tangled, and someone had to go up and straighten it. The mate called a boy belonging to the ship anil ordered him aloft. The lad touched his cap, hut hesitated a moment, cast one frightened glance up mil down at the swaying must and Ani nus sea, and then rushed across the deck and down into the forecastle. In about ten minutes lie appeared, and without u word seized the ratlins —the rope laddei of the vessel—and flew up the rigginj. like a squirrel. With dizzy eyes tin weather beaten crew watched the pool hoy at this fearful height. “lie will never come down alive,” they said ti each other. But in twenty minutes the perilous job was done, and the young hoy de scended, and straightened himself up. and, with a smile on his face, walked t< the stern of the ship. “ What di<l you go below for when or dered aloft?” asked a passenger of Un ship. I went —to pray,’’ replied the boy with a blush and a quiver of the lip. Aunt Phillis, a sixty year old woman of Yaticevllle, Virginia, lias just given birth to twins. The St. Louis Post-Dispatch says that, at a recent election in Wyoming territory, in which women suffrage pre vails, a fellow running fOt town clerk bribed eighteen female voters with a single pound of chcwing-gum. The newspaper law says if any person orders his paper discontinued ho must pay all arrearages, or the publisher may continue to send it until payment is made, and collect the whole amount, if the pa per is taken from the office. Also an action for fraud can lie instituted against any person, whether he is responsible in a financial view or not, who refuses to pay for subscription. A little cotton mill has been started j at Westminster, South Carolina, and the machinery, costing only about two thousand five hundred dollars, is run by j eight hands. The capital was mad :u; by a company of farmers and one mill owner, who furnished thewatef power. They manufacture their own cotton from the seed, and turn out altout 825 worth of yarns pet day at present low prices. They have a home market for their farm products, which greatly in creases the value of their cotton. A cow was licking her tongue through a crack in the barn of a farmer residing four miles from Columbus, and a horse on the inside hit off several inches of it. For Heaven's sake don't stroke a i mustache when its down. Arlcimis Ward. How 11 In Advance Agent Turned a Joko on Him. A writer in the Baltimore Every Sat urday received the' following from John I*. Smith, who was the advance agent of Artemus Ward during his lecturing tour in this country : Artemus was lecturing with his pan orama ot Salt Lake, in Canada, nnd as .business was good he was in corres pondingly high spirits and his pocke's | were full of coin. The day before they were to leave Smith told Ward that as silks were so much cheaper in the British possessions than in the United States, he had pur chased a large piece of silk and was going to take it to his wife as a present. Ward was pleased with the idea, and in the same confidence told Smith that lie had also purchased a piece of mel ton cloth, and both conferred with each other as to the best wav to secrete the goods so as to pass the custom house. Ward suggested to Smith to wrap the silk around his body, and Smith in turn advised Artemtls to place his cloth within the folds of his panorama of Salt Lake. They each agreed to take the other's advice, nnd Smith left the next morning to go over to the Stated in advance. The bundle of silk wound ; around him made him feci quite un comfortable. especially when lie came to the custom house and they com menced interrogating about his baggage. The official was very polite and pass ed his baggage without a murmur, and then invited him into his private office, handed him a cigar, and begged him to take a scat. The heat of the room began to make Smith very uncomfortable and he arose to go. “ lie seated, sir," said the official, “ I want to have a little chat with you.” “ No; I must be going," said the genial John. “ I can't stand sitting so long, and then I’ve a great deal to at end to.” “ Yon seem to he a ver}' stout ish kind of a mall,” said the officer. “ Yes, said Sm't'i, his face getting •ed and the warmth of the silk increas ing: “I'm pre'.ty solid, but I can’t stand a hot room.” “ Ah !” said the inspector, “ what’s ‘lie trouble ? Anything the matter with your chest or lungs ?” “Only a slight oppression,” replied Smith. “Oppression about the lungs!” ex •lnimed the officer, rising and advanc ing toward the suffocating agent. “Let lie make an examination for you, sir, it may he dangerous. Please remove your coat.” •• It’s nothing; it will soon pass away,” replied Smith, inwardly praying .'or a chance to escape. “My dear friend, yotl should not illnw yourself to suffer a moment,” said die officer, “ and I insist upon examin ing your chest. Doubtless I can re i lievc you of all yor.f trouble.” The inspector insisted, and the dis comfited agent, after vainly trying to escape from his solicitation, finally acknowledged the corn, and confessed to having the concealed silk upon his person. The officer laughed heartily and said: “ I knew it all the while. Here’s a letter 1 received this morning.” And he handed Smith a letter written by Ward, informing the inspector that a smuggler would endeavor to pass a quantity of silk, describing Smith's ap pearance, and claiming one-half of the reward for the information. Smith was indignant, of course, but determined to get even with the incorrigible joker, so he told the officer about Ward having the roll of cloth concealed in his pano rama. The inspector appreciated the joke an 1 let Smith go with a small penalty. The next morning Artemns Ward ar rive l at the custom house with his pan orama, when the inspector commenced interrogating him, and insisted upon his letting him have a glimpse of his beautiful pictures. Ward tried every excuse, but the official was importunate, and finally he was compelled to have his man unwind o ie section of the panorama before the inspector. Artemns stoo lby and ex plain id the views, until suddenly the cloth came to light, and as it slowly unwound in front of the pictures \\ ard struck an attitude like his performance upon the stage, and in the drawl of the exhibitor said : “ This view is slightly encumltered with t wenty yards of mel ton cloth. That damn Smith told you all about it. What's the damage ?” , The inspector soon settled the ques tion of charges, and for once Artemus | found himself caught by his own joks.