Newspaper Page Text
THE SUN.
■AITWILi, HART COUNTY, CIA.,
AYEKB A MoQILL, Editors.
SUNSET.
BT lIAI.LIK O. TOCKO,
In tlic far went, mi the ily grows old,
I watch s city of dazzling gold ;
From the minaret* that pli-ro* the sky
1 listen to hoar Uie muczztu's cry;
Altars are many—and all aglow—
Tfcclr tncousß smoke Is white as anorw;
llannera of crimson arc floating out
From archea of opal scattered about;
Steeples and spire* in splendor vie,
And temples of Jasper touch the aky.
Hast thou, 01 city above the trees.
An Alielard and Helolse?
M.v fancy is busy in peopling thee,
So high sliove onr earth and sea;
Thy glory Ultindnos the bending skies,
And I dream thee a glimpse of paradise,
And wonder, and worship from afar,
Ah angel* swing the gate* ajar.
The golden Age.
Story of the Discovery of Gold in
California.
At was in the month of January, 1848,
in a small shanty in the rather squalid
little hamlet of Yerba Buena, on the Bny
of San Francisco, that two young men
from the States, having just printed on
a hand-press the 150 copies of their
weekly paper, sat down upon stools,
weary, faint and discouraged, to talk
over the prospects of the country and be
moan the fate tlijdf had cast them where
society and money were so scarce. They
were Americans, but the liftid of their
birth was as remote to them then as St.
Petersburg to a peasant of the Amoor
valley. They longed to return, but
never expected to be rich enough. Tho
Mexican war was just ended a few
months before. The treaty of Guada
lupe Hidalgo gave California to the
United .States. The California so ceded
included the present State of that name,
Nevada, and most of Utah. It was an
empire larger than France and England.
Divided by a range of mountains almost
ns lofty as the Alps and longer than the
Carpathians, running from north to
south, the easterrOialf was a terra incog
nita of barren desert buttes and mount
ain spurs, containing throughout its
whole extent but one feeble settlement
of whites, known as Mormons. Un
known savages of the lowest aboriginal
type dominated all the rest. The west
ern half, as it then appeared, was one
great valley covered with bright flowers,
rank verdure, clumps of majestic oaks,
wooded hills, sloping from tho coast
range on the west and the Sierras on the
east, hills, plains and valleys alive with
herds of deer, elk, antelope and cattle
and horses as wild as the game; the
charming panorama enlivened and per
fected by sparkling rivers, whose waters
were as clear as the cloudless sky above
them, tiieir bauks flanked with a dense
growth iof ash, maple, alder, willow,
hazel, cottonwood, sycamore, wild grape
vines, pinl, toward their confluence with
the bays, waving tule of the darkest
green, resembling at first sight the great
cornfields on the lowlands of the Ohio.
In all this vast valley region there was
but one white settlement. It was known
as Sutter’s Fort.
It was located near the confluence of
the Rio de los Americanos with the Sac
ramento. To the far south, beyond the
sources of the San Joaquin river, not
far from the Pacific ocean, stood the
“ Ciudad do los Angeles,” Mexican in
its construction and population. A
Catholic mission at Santa Barbara and
another at San Luis Obispo (Saint Louis,
the Bishop); another at Monterey on
the bay of that name ; another at Santa
Clara in the lovely valley of that name ;
another called M’ission de San Jose not
far from the latter, and another at the
village of Yerba Buena, which has since
grown into the city of San Francisco.
It was then a collection of adobes, built
around the public square wo now call
“the Plaza.” The waters of the bay
extended as far as Montgomery street,
where the Bank Exchange now stands,
and a few whalers and small coasting
schooners lay at anchor 300 yards from
shore, about where the postoflice now
stands on Battery street. There were
also American settlement# at Sonoma
and .Napa, composed of tanners who
emigrated from the Western States a
few years before, and here and there
arose along the borders of the tule the
smoke from the hut of the lonely trap
per of beaver. These, with the ranches
of the old Dons, their corrals and the
inevitable adobe dwellings, surrounded
by innumerable cattle and horses, made
up the sum of what there was of civilized
and semi-civilized life in California at
the time the two young printers of Yerba
Buena were discussing their situation.
Now and then a vessel put into the bay
of Monterey, or San Francisco, or San
Diego, to load with hides, or a whaler
for repairs, dropping a few Mexican
dollars or doubloons, which were the
currency of the country. It was, to an
active or ambitious mind, a dull and
listless life; but to the majority, who
loved ease, a healthy climate and beauti
fully-diversified scenery.
A pleasing land of drowsy head it was,
Of dreams that flit before the half-shut eye,
And of gay castles in the clouds that pass.
Forever flashing through a summer sky.
About the same hour that the two
Yerba Buena printers were deploring
their fate of isolation from the busy
world, a scene was enacting that was to
have a greater effect upon the material
interests of modem society than any
event since the discovery of America.
It was on the 19th day of January, 1848,
on the south fork of the American river,
fifty-four miles east of Sutter’s Fort.
Early in the morning of that day, James
W. Marshall, who was building a mill
for himself and Sutter, from which they
expected to supply the ranches and set
tlements with pine lumber, picked up
from the bedrocks of the race of the mill
a small piece of yellow metal. It weighed
about seventeen grains. It was malle
able, heavier than silver, and in all re
spects resembled gold. About 4 o’clock
in the evening Marshall exhibited his
find to the circle composing the mill
companv laborers. Their names were
James \V. Marshall, V. L. Wimmer, Mrs.
Wimmer, James Barger, Ira Willis, Syd
ney Willis, Alexander Stephens, James
Brown, Ezkiali Persons, Henry Bigler,
Israel Smith, William Johnson, George
Evans, Charles Bennett and William
The Hartwell Sun.
By AYERS & McGILL.
VOL. V. NO. 12.
Soott. The conference resulted in the
rejection of tho idea that it was gold.
Mrs. Wimmcr tested it by boiling it iu
strong lye. Marshall afterward tested
it with nitric acid. It was gold, sure
enough, and the discoverer found its
like in all the surrounding gulches
wherever ho dug for it ’Die secret could
not lie long kept. It was known at
Yerba Buena three months after the dis
covery, and the two printers above men
tioned put this slight notice of it in their
weekly paper, The Californian, on tho
19th of April:
New Gold Mike. -II is stated tht a ne
gold trine ban been discovered on the American
Fork of the (Sacramento, supposed to bo iji was
not) on the land of William A. Loidesilorff.
Esq., of this place. A specimen of the gold
has liecn exhibited, and u represented to be
very purs.
May opened with accounts of new dis
coveries. Tho Californian of May 3
said: “Seven men, with picks and
spades, gathered $1,600 worth in fifteen
days.” That was a little more than 815
per day per man. On the 17th of M.vy
the same paper said : “ Many persons
have already left tho coast for the dig
gings. Considerable excitement oxists
here. Merchants and mechanics are
closing doors. Lawyers and alcaldes
are leaving their desks, farmers are
neglecting tlitir crops and whole families
are forsaking their homes ” for the dig
gings. By May 24 gold dust had l>e
come an articlo of merchandise', the
price being from 814 to 816 per ounce.
The Californian of that date had these
advertisements:
OOLI) ! GOLD ! OOIJ1!
Cash will be paid for California gold by
R. It. Buckalbw,
Watchmaker and Jeweler, San Francisco.
OOLD ! GOLD ! OOLD !
Messrs. Dickson & Hay are purchasers of
Sacramento gold. A liberal price given.
Bee Hive.
On the 29th of May the Californian
issued a slip stating that its further pul>-
ljcation, for the present, would cease,
because nearly all its patrons had gone
to the mines. A month later there
were but five persons—women and chil
dren—left in Yerba Buena. The first
rush was for Butter's Mill, since chris
tened Coloma, or Culluma, after a trilxi
of Indians who lived in that region.
From there they scattered in all direc
tions. A largo stream of them went
over to Weber creek, which empties into
the American some ten or twelve miles
below Coloma. Others went up or
down tho river. Some, more adventur
ous, crossed the ridge over to the north
and middle forks of the American. By
the close of June the discoveries had
extended to all the forks of the Ameri
can, Weber creek, Hangtown creek, the
Cosumnes (known then as the Mako
sume), the Mokelumna, Tuolumne, the
Yuba (from uvas, or yuvas—grape),
called in 1848 the “Yuba,” or “Ajuba,”
and Feather river. On July 15 the edi
tor of the Californian returned and is
sued the first number of liis paper after
its suspension. It contained a descrip
tion of the mines from personal observa
tion. He said :
“ The country from the Ajuba (Yuba)
to the San Joaquin, a distance of about
120 miles, and from the base toward the
summit of the mountains, as far as Snow
hill (meaning Nevada), about seventy
miles, lias been explored and gold found
on every part. There are now probably
3,000 people, including Indians, engaged
in collecting gold. The amount collect
ed by each man ranges from $lO to $350
per day. The publisher of this paper
collected with the aid of a shovel, pick and
a tin pan, from $44 to $l2B per day—aver
agingsloo. The gross amount collected
may exceed SOOO,OOO, of which amount
our merchants have received $250,000, all
for goods, and in eight weeks. The larg
est piece known to be found weighs
eight pounds.”
On the 14tli of August the number of
white miners was estimated at 4,000.
Many of them were of Stephenson’s regi
ment and the disbanded Mormon battal
ion. The Californian remarked on that
day that “ when a man with his pan or
basket does not average S3O to S4O per
day, he moves to another place.” Four
thousand ounces a day was the estimated
production of the mines five months
after the secret leaked out. In April the
price of flour here was $4 per hundred ;
in August it had risen to $lO. All other
subsistence supplies rose in the same
proportion. Here is part of a letter from
Sonoma, to the Califomiaa, Aug. 14 :
“ 1 have heard from one of our citizens
who has been at the placers only a few
weeks and collected $1,500, still averag
ing SIOO a day. Another, who shut up
his hotel here some five or six weeks
since, has returned with $2,200, collected
with a spade, pick and Indian basket. A
man and his wife and boy collected SSOO
in one day.”
Sam Brr anan laid exclusive claim to
Mormon island, in the American, about
twenty-eight miles above its mouth, and
levied a royalty of 30 per cent, on
all the gold taken there bv the Mor
mons, who paid it for a white, but re
fused after they came to a better under
standing of the rules of the mines. By
September the news had spread to Ore
gon and the southern coast, and on the
2d of that month the Californian notes
that 125 persons had arrived in town “by
ship” since Aug. 26. In the “ Dry Dig
gings”—near Auburn —during the month
of August, one man got $16,000 out of
five cartloads of dirt. In the same dig
gings a good many were collecting from
SBOO to $1,500 a day. In the fall of
1848, John Murphy, now of San Jose,
discovered Murphy's Camp Diggings, in
Calaveras, and some soldiers of Ste
phenson’s regiment discovered Rich
gulch, at Mokelumne hill. That winter
one miner at Murphy’s realized SBO,OOO.
It was common report that John Mur
phy, who mined a number of Indians on
wages, had collected over $1,500,000 in
HARTWELL, GA„ NOVEMBER 17. 1880. WHOLE NO. ‘220.
gold-dust Indore the close of the wet
season of 1848. A Frenchman fishing
in a prospect hole for frogs for his break
fast, at Mokolumne hill, in November,
1848, diseovcml a spook of gold on the
side of the excavation, which lie dug out
with his pocket-knife and sold for 82,150.
Three sailors who had deserted took out
810,000 in five days on Weber crock.
Such strokes of good fortune turned all
classes into miners, including the law
yers, doctors and preachers. Die ex
ports of gold dust in exchange for pro
duce and merchandise amounted to
8500,000 by the 25th of September. The
ruling price of gold dust was 815 per
ounce, though its intrinsic value was
from 819 to 820. A meeting of citizens,
presided over by T. M. Lea .on worth,
and addressed by Samuel Brannon,
passed resolutions in September not to
patronize merchants wlvo refused to take
gold dust at 816 per ounce. A memori
al was also sent from San Francisco to
Congress in that month for a branch
mint here. It stated, among other
things, the opinion that by July 1,1849,
$5,500,000 worth of dust, at sl6 per
ounce, would be taken out of the mines.
The figures were millions too low. Heal
estate in San Francisco took a sudden
rise. A lot on Montgomery street, near
Washington, sold in July for SIO,OOO,
and it was resold in November with a
shanty on it for $27,000. Lots ill Sac
ramento, or New Helvetia, also came up
to fabulous prices that winter. By the
month of October the rush from Oregon
caused the Oregon papers to stop publi
cation. In December the Kanakas and
Souorians came in swarms. A Honolulu
letter, Nov. 11, said :
“Such another excitement as tho
news from California created here the
world never saw. I think not less than
500 persons will leave before Jan. 1, and
if the nows continues good the whole
foreign population, except missionaries,
will go.”
The news did continue good, and they
came, some missionaries included. Soon
there came up from the mines com
filamts of outrage and lawlessness, most
ly against Kanakas and other foreigners,
flow well they were founded, to what
they led, and how they were suddenly
and summarily silenced, is a story that
covers a very interesting part of the
history of California, and the progress of
civilization in America.
Samuel Seabouoh.
Use of Flowers.
It’s a trite and homely saying, “ You
can’t cat your cake and keep it too,” and
we are obliged to square our actions with
it pretty closely; but there is one pecu
liar satisfaction in tho cultivation of (low
ers, for, in a certain sense, they are an
exception to the practical operations of
the rules of addition and subtraction, as
embodied in the expression of them in
the old and popular axiom above quoted.
During the growing and blooming sea
sons of many of the best bedding plants
and annuals the flowers can lie cut freely
and used and the oftoncr they are re
moved the greater the amount of bloom.
When plants are allowed to perfect seeds,
they soon cease to produce more flowers,
as the whole strength of the plant is
necessary to mature the seeds. There
fore, if you want flowers, cut them and
use them; place them on your tables,
give them to your friends, and remember
those that are sick, and perhaps, too. you
may use them to help someone who is
disheartened, or even to lift up a de
graded one who needs, above all else,
your sympathy. It would bo sad, in
deed, if objects so beautiful as flowers
should be tho occasion of growing sel
fishness. Give them with a liberal hand
and he who sends tho sunshine and the
rain will bless you with increasing blos
soms. A gift of flowers can seldom be
inappropriate, either to young or old,
and purity and goodness are painted on
every petal. With the gift
“ Our heart* are lighter for it Hake,
Our fancy’* age renew* ita youth,
And dim-remembered fiction* take
The guise of present truth."
A Fellow-Feeling.
The manager of a dramatic combina
tion playing an engagement in Detroit
was approached on the last day by a
stranger, who asked for a pass for tliat
evening: . „„
“Why should I give you a pass ? was
the blunt demand.
“On account of the fellow-feeling,
was the serene reply. •
“Sir, I do not know you.
“ Neither do I know you, but that isn’t
the fellow-feeling I bad'reference to.”
“ Do you belong to the profession?”
“No.”
“ Then I fail to see how there is any
thing in common.”
“You struck this town last Monday,
didn’t you ?” asked the stranger.
“ Yes.”
“Ho did I, and I’m going out of it to
night dead broke, same as you. That 8
my point, may it please the court. ”
The “court” whistled a melancholy
tune, figured up the cash receipts once
more, and then wrote the pass without
further argument.
The Coming Days.
In the coming days of woman suffrage.
<< Our candidate has risen from the hum
blest walks. When but a little girl,
picking hucklelierries, barefooted, too
S>or to own a sunbonnet, she read
omer’s * Odyssey ’ in the original
tongue. What do we see here now ? ”
A voice : “ The same homely, freckled,
saucy thing she always was ; so there."
Meeting breaks up amid great confusion
and tearing of hair. —New Haven lie,jit
ter. _____
The Emory City (British Columbia)
Sentinel savs it is read in every house in
that town; but there are only two houses,
and one of those is the office of the Sen
tinel newspaper.
Devoted to Hart County.
When the Fee Comes In.
A nowlv elected Justice of tho Peace
who hod been used to drawing deeds ami
wills, and little else, was called upon as
his first official act to marry a couple
who came into bis office very hurriedly
and told him their purpose. He lost uo
time iu removing his hat, and remarked,
“ Hats oft' iu tho presence of the Court."
All being unoovered, he said; “Holdup
your right hands. You, John Marvin,
do solemnly swear that to the best of
your knowledge ail’ belief you take this
yer woman ter have an’ tor hold for yer
self, yer heirs, exekyerters, administra
tors and assigns, for yer au’ their use an'
behoof forever?”
“I do,” answered the groom.
"You, Alice Ewer, take this yer man
for yer husband, ter have an' ter hold
for over; and you do further swear that
you are livwfuly seized in fee simple, are
free from all incumbrance, and liov good
right to sell, bargain and convey to
the said grantee yerself, yor heirs, ad
ministrators and assigns f”
“I do,” said the bride, rather doubt
fully.
“Well, John, that'll be about a dollar
V fifty cents.”
“Are we married ?’’ naked the bride.
"Yes, when the foe comes iu.”
After some fumbling it was produced
and handed to the “Court,” who pock
eted it and continued: “Know all men
by these presents, that I. being in good
health and of sound and disposin' mind,
in consideration of a dollar ’ll' fifty cents
to me in hand pnid, tho receipt whereof
is hereby acknowledged, do ami by those
presents have declared you man and
wife during good Itohavior and until oth
erwise ordered by the Court.”
Not Up on Boats.
The goat is an every-day sight, aud
the man who does not study him and
loam his ways and habit* has only him
self to blame Saturday forenoon a
“William” was quietly feeding on Co
lumbia street when a load of household
goods went past. The owner kept pace
with the wagon, carrying under his arm
a fine mirror about five feet long. As
he came opposite the goat he met n
friend, and of course he had to stop and
tell why he was changing locations and
how much he exjiected to be benefited.
The glass was heavy, and he naturally
dropped one end to the walk to rest his
arm.
Had this man been a close observer he
w. iihl have soon tho goat and wished he
bad a brickbat. Hint ho made goat na
ture a study he would have known bet
ter than to lower the glass. But he was
a man who despised the trifles of life, and
lie was telling how many tons of coal
the new house would save him this win
ter, when the goat, who had been getting
mad for two long minutes at sight of a
rival in the mirror, went through the
glass like a thunderbolt, and jumped
into the street with the frame clinging
to his shaggy sides. All that ripping,
and raving, anil cussing—all the open
ing of frontdoors—all tile inquiries by
an excited crowd, could have been saved
had the citizen but beckoned to the small
est boy on the steeet and asked him t<
give away a few points on goats. A'.c
c/iinye.
Wearing a Mask.
What a good tiling it would l>o if women
would only speak their minds. There is
nothing tliat honest men desire more than
to understand that mysterious race that
is so like them, and yet so unlike, who
share their homes but not their thoughts,
who are so shrewd, so practical and so
irrational. The poor men yearn the
break down the invisible barrier and see
into the real life of those they love so
well; but the loved ones smile and chat
ter and say pretty things, and ingenious
things and things they have borrowed
from men and improved in tho borrowing,
but never one word of the real thoughts
that are working in their busy brains.
Ho the men flutter and lie because they
think the women like it, and the women
accept it all because they think it is man’s
nature; and the men think women
empty-headed angels, and tho women
think men are fine intelligent brutes; and
the two classes go on loving and despis
ing one another accordingly, and all for
the want of a little truthfulness in con
versation.
An Editor’s Trials.
No words can tell how much Thack
eray’s generous soul Buffered in liis edi
torial capacity. There is a class of peo
ple who look upon an editor’s office as a
bureau of general relief : young widows
with numerous children send in manu
scripts with a frank avowal that they are
conscious of possessing no literary ability
whatever, but that they feel sure this or
that one will be accepted, as otherwise
they and their little ones must starve ;
there are farmer boys, who write diagon
ally across brown wrapping paper, and
beg for favor as a means of acquiring an
education ; there are thousands who
have failed at everything else, but are
sure they can write ; some are preten
tious and impudent, others modest and
appealing, and with the latter it is par
ticularly hard to deal. A great many are
vitiqierative, and look upon the editor as
a deposit installed to crush all rising
genius. More than once, when Thack
eray paid out of his own purse for articles
which he could not use, the writers re
proached him for suppressing matter
which surpassed his own. The work be
came unendurable to him, and ho gave it
UP-
A cat saw some sparrows in a certain
garden and went for a game supper. Hhe
crawled with extreme caution to within
a few feet of them and made a spring,
but instead of catching a bird she struck
her nose violently against the fence. —
Rochester Union.
$1.50 Per Annum
'ini': SOI Til TO Tin: NORTH.
(A fraternal Kilutatum iinjured by (A. ycUov/bttr
rturitation.]
L
Twm a glorious Imttl*
In tho xwnmpN of tho lUpt.Un,
1 lay on mv back at midnight,
A woumiod and luMpluw* man ;
But I could wo*! boar my tort up*.
Gaping gaahon and broken bone*,
l hoard mu ll delightful music
From Yank* with Uiolr moan* and groan*.
I hated tho lank* llku “cold pir.ou, M
They t tuy father and sou ;
Ho alwayl l aimed for killing,
And carried a loaded gun.
Tho tiring and ora*long of battle.
The hot charge ami tho warrior 1 * err,
Left, htgh-hoapod, drenched earth with victim*,
And the woumiod who lagged to die.
Far off uo could hear the roaring
Tell of tho raging of murdomun men;
We could ouly have fearing or hoping
That our aide might the victory win.
We had marched to the tight In tho morning;
1 fought until forced to atop ;
Now, 1 was hungry and thtrnty,
With naver a bite or a drop.
I thought of the old-time dinner*,
With many a Uhriatma* feast;
Now, of tlm wasted fragment*
I’d have snatched for the very leas^
I thought of the sprayfnl fountain
That pla)od by my father’* door;
I thougiit of the wild-rice bayou
That oft my oan*e glided o’er;
l thought of tho might) river,
The plnntatioua flowing through;
I thought of the distant neavim
That oendoth the rain and dew—
But these were all empty fancies.
Which even Increased my thirst,
Until in powe.rloNH longing
1 wo* like Tantalus cursed*
XL
Suddenly, In the thlok darkness,
A weak voice mode me of angel* think;
It said. “Halloo ! here, Johuny.
Would ye Ijo afther takm’ a shrink V 9
I was almost a-dylng,
Ami oould not even raise the tin cup,
Bo the friendly hand of the stranger
To my lips then raised it up.
Hweet, sweet was that drink of water;
I never drank sweeter draught.
For life was gained from the! bounty
I gaspiugly, deeply quaffed.
Then 1 wliTapertMi, “ Give me your hand, my dai*
ling! ’’
Our hands met In a tight, tight clasp.
Buddenly, In my living Angers
Lluip, nerveless grew his fainting clasp.
I spoke and intently listened,
But never a word he Raid,
And sadly I knew another
Hpirit from that red field had fled.
The surgeons and helpers were busy;
I lay until morning-light,
And then to my tear-diuuued vision
Was slowly revealed this sight:
A soldier hud found h canteen,
Dropped there iu the thick of the fight,
Ami he, wiili two balls through his body,
Dragged himself to me in the night.
And thsro on his cap gleamed the letter*
“U. 8.,” on the blood-staiued gold band, •
And I saw that he was a brother
Against whom I had raised my rod hand*
He was Union and Irish
Lightly o’er him rest the sod I
The blue that ho loved alsive him,
His spirit gone home to God*
Oil! men may fight like devils,
As If hell on earth doth reign ;
But deep in each human bosom
Home chorda aympatbi/.e with pain.
Thank God for the noble pity,
Darting like electric thrill,
Inspiring a kinship-emotion,
Bidding evil passions be still.
111.
Oh I comrades, ye know oilr distress**
Wherever the fever breathed ;
Boon over the death-marked threshold
The funeral flag was wreathed.
Tongue never can sjM*ak the horror
Growing blacker day by day ,
Pen never can write our unguish,
Nor time’s waves wash tin* record aw ay.
Oti i comrades, ye know our distresses
Madeall humanity sad;
And, hurried down from the Northland,
Rich bounty we freely had.
Tho North gave us money, with nurses
And doctors noble and true;
Drugs, provisions, and doth ng
The North did a 1 she could do!
AU honor to sincereat virtue,
The spirit of Bayard the Good;
To tho cldvalric North all honor.
Who showcu ui us truest knighthood 1
The Game of Boston.
The game at cards called “Boston,”
says a late writer in the New York I'itner.
after the capital of Massachusetts, and
much played by our forefathers, has
lately been revived, it is said, in New
England and in New York, especially
hero, and is greatly enjoyed on account
of tho skill required for proficiency.
Boston is played by four persons with
two packs of cards, which are never
shuffled. One of the packs is dealt and
the other cut alternately, to determine
the tramp, the tramp governing the
game. The dealer deals five cards to
each player twice, and deals six cards
the last time around. If the first player
can make, or thinks he can make fivo
tricks from his hand, he says: “I go
Boston," and his fellow-players mav over
bid him with the words: “Igon, 7,8,
9, 10, 11, 12 or 13,” as the hand of each
may justify. Should any one fail to
make the number of tricks he bids for,
he must pay to each competitor a forfeit,
regulated by a scale of prices agreed
upon beforehand. The agreement is
imperative; without it the game is impos
sible. It is accounted the most complex
and difficult of all games at cards, and
is therefore a favorite with professional
gamblers. Boston lias been played in
France and England, where it is often
spoken of as the American game. Ben
jamin Franklin has the reputation of
introducing it in Paris. He gavo it tho
name of his native city, and is said to
have been a very clever player. Ihe
philosophers of the eighteenth century,
who were his companions in France,
were very fond of tho game and delighted
in its novelty. Baron d’Holbach is re
ported to have said that only a man of
genius could excel at Boston. The game
Las always been played more or less in
tho Houthwest, where much money if
still lost and won by it.
Clear Grit.
A plucky Kentucky school ma’am is
Miss Hillbreth, of Hopkins County. Hhe
attempted to punish a boy named Merrill
for some misdeamor, when the youth
drew his knife. Miss Hillbreth unarmed
him, and he brought a club to his assist
ance, but she finally whipped him. That
night the lioy’s father went to Miss Hill
breth’s Itoarding-houso and cursed her
shamefully. The next day he went to
the school-house to continue his abuse,
but the lady had i. armed herself with a
pistol and dared Merrill to enter the door.
Merrill ran home, and was returning with
a shot-gun, when he was arrested by an
officer, but soon escaped, and is now at
large.
> all sorts.
A Chinaman has outered the Harvard
Freshmen clahs.
Gboron Bancroft Baja Washington
was nix feet two inches high.
Offrniuuii made much money from
hiit opera*, but died pour.
Mrh. Floricnun’s costumes in the
“ Mighty Dollar” aro ixiHiircd for $25,-
000.
A Pauin shop had 67.000 customer*
one dav Unit fall, and a01d8280,000 worth
of goons.
Vermont hint fonr venerable ex-Oov
eraont living, each of whom is more than
80 yearn old.
What ia the difference lie tween a flx.xl
Mar and a meteor ? One ia a nun, the
other a darter.
The woman who liaa the beat time at
a party ia the woman who liaa the groat
oat >diow of real laeo.
Tub Rochester Herald aavs that Uie
man who liaa a corner in i>ork should lie
made to squeal.
A Nkvada ball report aaya : “Miaa
Hoiiorn X. was full of eclat—in fact, the
eelutiat lady present,”
Tub honey crop In a pronounced fail
ure by one-half. So that we hove not a
sweet thing in liees thin year.
No less than 5,000 Chinamen are now
building railroad* iu Oregon, Washing
ton, and British Columbia.
Atlanta has a new enterprise, a watch
manufactory. It tsigins with facilities
for turning out six watohee per day.
W. W. Corcoran, of Washington, has
given away $3,000,000 in public lienofao
tioim and $1,000,000 in private charitie*.
Hknhy Wallace and Jane Wallace,
his wife, have entered college at Wes
leyan University, Ct., oh “ Freshman."
Brain, with only 17,000,000 of inhah
itanta, turn* out yearly twice a* much
wheat a* dona Italy, with 28,000,000 of
inhabitants.
On the occasion of the celebration of
the tenth anniversary of the capture of
Rome, all political offender* were par
doned by the King of Italy.
The postal Having* bank* in Italy tnko
in twice as much money as they pay
out, the institution lx'ing considered
wife and convenient by the people.
A hill collector returned to Memphis
on horseback with a bag full of gold and
nilver coin. Tho homo rim away, tho
bag burnt, aud a great, crowd followed
for a mile, picking up the money.
An effort is on foot at Washington to
procure the assembling thereof a world’*
convention to promote international ar
bitration, Sept. 3, 1888, the centennial
of the acknowledgment of American in
dependence.
“ Everybody is looking at Rhode Isl
and," remarks the editor of the Provi
dence IHuvateh in the course of an edit
orial on “The Duty of the Hour." This
explains the recent advance in the price
of microeoopee.
Profanity has increased to suoh au
extent in New York si nee the telephone
was introduced that the company has
been forced to put up a sign : “ Please
don’t swear through the telephone,"over
each instrument.
Is swinoino healthy?” ask* a young
lady. It is, under some circumstances.
But if the hinge breaks, the pastime is
not only unhealthy, but dangerous.
We are always glint to extend to tho
young and inexjierionoed the knowledge
attained by years of experience.
Khkitno poultry of some kind or other
is almost universal in China. The poor
est, household has, wherever practicable,
its pert cock and throe or four lean liens,
which stalk hungrily in and out of tho
mud shanty in search of anything eata
ble that mi one else of the fumily may
happen to able to digest.
Aceoitnivo to a Viennese statistical
journal, Austria is better provided with
public libraries than any other country
in Eurojie.
It has been estimated that of tho
horses in the world Austria has 1,307,000;
Hungary, 2,179,000; France, alsiut 3,-
000,000; Russia, 21,470,000; Germany,
3,862,000; Great Britain and Ireland,
2,255,000; Turkey, about 1,000,000; tho
United Htates, 9,504,000; the Argentine
Republic, 4,000,000; Canada, 2,024,000;
Uruguay, 1,000,000.
The Number of Rich People In Purls.
M. Paul Leroy Beaulieu attempts to
calculate approximately tho number of
rich persons actually living in Paris. He
takes as his principal basis of calculation
the value of tho houses in the French
capital; and upon these figures builds up
liis theory, on tho assumption that tho
less wealthy inhabitants spend about ono
sixtli of their income in house rent,
while, the richer house-holders spend on
nn average from one-eighth to one-tenth.
It will be easy for those who agree with
him to follow out tho theory when they
have the following list of rents, as ex
tracted from an official source: It ap
pears that there are 10,000 private houses
or upartments, the rents of which range
from £IOO to £320 a year, 3,000 between
£.320 and £540, and 1 400 lietweon tho
latter sum and £I,OBO. Finally, there
aro 421 houses, or rather palaces, tho
rent of which exceeds £I,OBO. It is not
necessary to follow out the sums by which
the incomes of these various classes of
rich men is traced out, but it may suffice
to say that M. Beaulieu reckons that
there are about 8.000 persons in Paris
who spend incomes of £2 000 and up
ward; and this will be seen by the aid of
the figures already given tobe fully borne
out by the facts. The conclusion is ulso
supported by the returns of horses and
carriages kejit in the cajiital, which show
that there are from 7,500 to 8,000 per
sons who keep private horses.—Econo
mist Francais.
Fine Linen.
According to the Jluildinf/ Newt, a
piece of linen has been found at Mem
phis containing 510 picks to the inch,
and it is recorded that one of the Pha
raohs sent to the Lydian King, Crtesus, a
corselet made of linen and wraught with
gold, each fine thread of which was com
posed of 360 smaller threads twisted to
gether ! The aucient Egyptians wove a
fabric called the “linen of justice, or
“justification.” Ho beautiful and valua
ble was it that it was esteemed the most
acceptable offering to the “Restorer of
Life ” A few hand looms can still be
seen at work in the Eastern bazaars of
Cairo, the cloth woven in which rivals in
texture, color, and design the finest glass
screens in Munich.