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I had a malignant breaking out on my leg
SttlSSSf*
to do me any gouu. YoAf |Ue, s. c
I waa troubled from childhood with an ar
wravated case of Tetter, and three bottle, of
> W WIW cured me permanently.
■gKKV Waxlacx Manx.
ESSm - MiaavUle. I. T.
Our book on Blood and Skin Diseasesmailed
tree. Swirr Sracino Co., Atlanta, Ga.
PROFESSIONAL CARDS.
J. H SKELTON. J. H. SKELTON, JR.
Skelton & Skelton,
ATTORNEYS-AT-LAW.
HARTWELL GEORGIA.
W. L. HODGES,
ATTORNEY-AT-LAW.
HARTWELL, OA.
A. N. KING,
ATTORNEY-AT-LAW,
CARNESVILLE. GA.
Will practice in any of the Courts in
the State, when required.
W. L. BROWN
ATTORNEY-AT-LAW,
LEXINGTON, SA.
Will attend each term of Halt
Superior Court.
-P.P? PROFFITT.
ATTORNEY-Al-LAW,
ELBERTGN, GA.
—a— -■ ,
General practice in State aria
United States Courts.
H. A. ROEBUCK,
ATTORNEY-AT-LAW,
ELBERTON. GA.
Will practice in all courts of the
State.
A. J. MATHEWS. J. W. EBERHART.
Mathews 5 Eberhart,
PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS,
HARTWELL, : • • GEORGIA.
K ZMiice—Firnt door east of Harper <fe Strddard.
W, I. HAILEY,
Physician and Surgeon,
I HARTWELL, GEORGIA.
| •Gftu-C in amall brick building next door to J. W
S fTilJam* & Ito. w r m
|g Will be fouiul at the residence of Mr. J. W
X-irris, when nut pj'ofvstdouallv absent.
I 0. M. PENDERGRASS,.
I PHYSICIAN AND :■ SURGEON,
E Office : Front i oom D. A. Thorn-
II ton's Sewing Machine office. Will
g| be found ai night ai lesidence of
R W. J. Ha>] er, Jr., when not proses-
■ actually engaged.
I Dr. ISHAN L JcCDRRT.
£ PRACTICING PHYSICIAN.
R Hartwell Georgia.
lb rar A. G. McCurry's law office room
HI Jh»i4e“re 0.1 corner of Pul lie Square oppost
K 801-> Hotel.
I T. B. BONNER,
W Practicing Physician,
■ LAVONIA, G.*.
"Jfca ' - -
I 4-F. »B«»AR'» Allt-I.INF MHKDH.K
4*) IM EFFECT JUMP. IS. 1893.
s| • JOBTHBWSD. > SOUTHBOUND.
® Mu. 38, teteraTltoe. No. Al.
BS IhLiv Eicept Atlanta. Daily.
C 30 aut Leave Atlanta Arrive 6 43 pm
M Union Depot, City Time
•sB A«osatUL»Mro Athena Arrive 508 pm
Hs U 13 aut Arrive Mil., rton Leave 4Or pm
; !?, Uli pm Arrive Abbeville Leave 300 ppi
■ J» 48 pm Awive....Greenwood . ...Leavt 241 pin
w 140 P"- Arrive Clinton Leave* 145 pm
SW 3Si pm; Arrive Coeat. r Leave. 11 .5 >m
M fl 00 l*«»lArrive Monroe Leave|lo 15 am
!■ SOGpiuLoave Cli.ton Arrive 130 pm
HS C 44 pot Arrive.. .Newberry Leave 12 43 pm
aft 237 put Arnve.... Prosperity ....Leave 12 29 pm
4 10 pm Arrive Columbia Leave It 15 am
® 545 pm Arrive St niter Leave 9 35 am
U 046 nm Arrho... .Cbarioetoa .... Leave 1 15 am
* 17 » pm Arrive., ■ .Darilnxtou .... L. ava n on am
8 »«.T34 Me. 117,
■ Daily. Daily
® SOS pm Leave Atlaate Arrive 7 30
Sjf « |3pm Leave Attorn Arrive «Mam
M »11 put’Arrive Elberton. Leave 5 22am
14 04 pm Arrive AblwvlHo Leave 4CT am
S® tOO'.pai Arrive.... Greenwood ....Leave 4n2 am
3B tl 12 pm Arrive Clintoa Leave 3 17 am
H lTi.l aaifArrive ..—.Chestor Leave! 2 07 am
J 30 ami Arrive.... „ Monroe Leaveil'l 50 am
S 445 am'Arrive. 1. ..Raleigh Leaver e3O pm
7»am Arrive.... Hemiereon ....Leave 7W pm
I ami Arrive. Wehfoo Leave 550 pm
®K 11 08 a n Arrive ... ]>eter»burg.... Leave 400 pm
’ U <5 amlArrlve Kk-hmand Leave 3 25 pm
■ OAT pm Arrive.. .Waxbington.. .Leave 10 57 am
■ SMpmlArrive Baltimore Leave 942 am
H 743 em| Arrive... Philadelphia.. .Loave 7 20 M
U
■ SMam , Arrira....Wlimtr>xton.. Leave 5 00pm
o«s™iLeara.„...Wddoa......Arrive 5 35pm
M H 35am Arrive...-Pot t,month ..-Leav. 330 pm
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M ISprolLeavo ...Xertolk C»>....Arrive 800 am
g® 7 OWmJArrive... .BaWlmero ....Leave S3O pm
B 555p»j!«ve... Ponamouth.. ..Arrive' 910 am
» sWam Arrive... PbiladeipWa... Leave'll 14 pm
B too ami Arrive ..Now T,wk Latva' 800 pm
409 pw Leave PerUmouth (w,..Xrriv, 800 am
*•* **" Arrive... .Waahlagtoe.. ..Leave 700 pm
Q Wo 341 IClhertoe Accommodation I No. 45
| B«>b- I I Dalit
B >sspm Leave Alho:* Arrive 8 30am
B-~- «® pm Arrive . Lawrraceviiie. Leave 803 am
■ 793 pm A rri'-e . Jug Ta-, et a . ..Leave 724 am
Sgl 7 46 pm Anlve Albee., Lear. 832 am
855 pm Arrive ElWrtoa Leave 5 Warn
VOL. XVI.
ffIJIMM win.
HIS MONTHLY TALK WITH THE
GEORGIA FARMERS
On Subjects of General Interest Per
taining to the Farm and
Garden--Good Advice.
Tha month of July, on the well con
ducted Georgia farm, means some little
let up in the hard struggle necessary iu
the months of May and June. Except
in the more northern counties, the crops
should have received their last work
ing; the grain crops should have been
well harvested, and barring a field here
and there, which, from unexpected
causes, has gotten a little behind, we
can afford to give our plows a “leave of
absence" from the cultivated crops. If
the
COTTON
is in good growing condition, taking on
fruit rapidly, a plow passed lightly over
the surface might not do any apparent
harm, but, all things considered, it
would, perhaps, be best not to incur the
risk. Any disturbance of the roots
just n6w, particularly if the plowing
should be followed by even a temporary
drought, causes loss of fruit, and while
such plowing may cause the plant to
take on a new growth and develop new
fruit, it is better to persue a system of
cultivation which will retain and de
velop, in the shortest time possible, the
fruit already on the plant, than to risk
getting a later if, perhaps, fuller crop.
Where the fruitinghas been delayed by
unfavorable weather or inability on tl,o
part of the farmer to give the necessary
cultivation at the proper time, thus
allowing weeds and grass to spring up
and struggle for supremacy, a plow
should be passed over the land* as
lightly as possible, but in such a man
ner as to kill out this foreign growth.
Pulverize the soil and avoid root prun
ing and disturbance as far as may be.
In tha
RAYING BY
should endeavor, by a adjust
ment of his plowstock, to AVcjd Any in
jury or mutilation to th® growing plants.
Take off the long sjngl.etree .and substi
tute a shorter one, or a stretaher placed
between the traces, will answer a goon
purpose. The ordinary singletree, in
the last working, will often break and
destroy a great many limbs, besides
seriously injuring the other parts of the
plants. The greatest judgment and
care is necessary at this critical period.
One careless plowing now will much
reduce the yield and bring to naught
previous intelligent and well considered
plans. All the cultivation should have
been carried on with a view to leaving
the land as
LEVEL
and as friable as the soil will admit.
Even the lands that are idle should be
left as level as possible. In crde r - Jo
best understand now to plow and when
to plow, we must first understand
WHY WE PLOW,
and this brings us to the consideration
of a most interesting subject, but for
lank pf time and space I can only touch
upon one or two Os its main features.
We plow to bury the -top or surface
growth; to prepare a properly pulver
ized seed bed to receive the seed
best nourish the young and growing
plants; to kili the weeds and grass; to
break the crust after each rain and
thus conserve the moisture, which
would otherwise be evaporated from
the surface.
In plunging for the preparation and
cultivation of every prop we must re
member one most important truth:
plants do not eat; they drink, and Oj)r
aim should be to put the soil in such
condition that the moisture, which
comes up from below, may be held in
reach of the plants, and of any fertili
zer we may use, and also to prevent the
evaporation of this moisture as far as
possible, No matter how much natural
or prepared plant food there may be in
the soil, without the all important moist
ure to render this food available, it is
utterly worthless to the growing plants.
Each man should study his crops, his
soils, the needs of each, and so manage
his plowing as to develop the best ele
ments of both, and get the greatest
good from the smallest outlay.
The main work in the crops having
been nearly completed, we now have an
opportunity of beginning the
REPAIRS
on outbuildings and fences, so necessary
to the appearance of the farm, as well
as the absolute comfort of farm life.
Neat, trim, well kept buildings, gar
dens and fences are an advertisement
for any neighborhood. They give an,
air of thrift and prosperity that noth
jng else will, Let us resolve that,
come what may, wa will return to
legitimate farm methods, t’aisp our
home supplies, beautify our homes and
enjoy the prosperity which will once
again be ours. To begin, let us arrange
to raise our own
HOGS,
This we cannot do by purchasing a few
wellbred sows and turning them into
some old fields, which, on account of
its convenience to stable and barn, has
been kept fenced and called a pasture.
Prepare for pasturing by. enclosing
some land, and this fall seed it to clover.
Nothing so improves your land, and no
finer food for farm animals can be pro
duced. Then sow on the same land
with the clover your email grain, to
come on in the spring, which
off, leaves the clover as a foundation
for your venture in meat raising. Be
cause a hog is a hug, don’t decide that
his treatment should be hoggish- Give
him uniform good attention, shelter
from the weather, regular food and
water and keep him free from vermin.
Nothing so contributes to the destruc
tive diseases to which the hog is sub
ject, as filth, insufficient and irregular
food and undestroyed swarms of ver
min. These points cannot be guarded
too carefully. Cleanliness and plenty
of wholesome food and pure water are
•a essential to their healthy develop
ment As to that of the Boise or cow. In
ante-bellum dajs the plan was to turn
the ahoats out in the spring to range at
will over wide expanses of wood and
swamp, «nd glean a fair support with
out further attention nntil fall, when
they were taken np and put in the grain
fields, to be later penned and fattened
for pork. But this plan has beams a
thing of the past. The entire method
of raising cur porkers must be changed
to meet our changed condition and sur
roundings. A smaller number. g-*od
paeturag of clover and grass; ouluv.ite
The Bert Blood Remedy.
August Ai Klsges, 810 St. Cliorles
street. Baltimore, Md., writes : “From
my youth I goffered frem a poisonous
tiint in my bleed. My face and body
was continually affected with eruptions
A 8 3 ' * ■»' •
The Habtwell Sun.
crops for their support. The hog crop
of the United States is not keeping
pace with the increase in population.
Raise hogs we must or do without
meat, unless .we wish a larger pairt of
our hardly earned cotton crop to go to
pay our meat bills —an outlay which we
can avoid by raising our meat at home.
Is not the folly of paying for bacon 12
cents cash, 16 cents time, apparent
when we know that we can buy every
thing a hog eats and raise pork at 7
cents? Or, living on a farm, where wo
can arrange for the feeding, protection
and care of our hogs, we can bring the
cost down to less than 5 cents. We can
conduct the other departments of farm
work successfully, and do this without
feeling the outlay or realizing that we
have been put to much additional ex
pense; and we cannot make our farm
ing a success if we neglect this impor
tant and natural factor in its economy.
Begin with a few hogs and increase
your stock as your arrangements to
care for and pasture them will allow.
Don’t undertake too much at first. On
many farms, and in many sections of
the state, there are. comparatively
speaking, no hogs and no arrangements
for keeping them. In such cases, now
is the best time to perfect your plans
for another year's supply.
FODDER PULLING AND SAVING HAY.
This question has been so often dis
cussed, and there is such a diversity
of opinion as to whether the fodder
should be pulled or left on the stalk,
that I will only give my own experience
of many years. I have found that
where the corn is fully ripe, and the
fodder has been injured by firing, ita
removal does not materially injure the
corn, and the fodder itself, properly
cured, is one of the most nutritious
and appetizing for stock, and they pre
fer i tto any other “roughage.” Poorly
cured, or mouldy, from becoming wet
while hanging on the stalks, it is posi
tively dangerous to the animals eating
it, for this mould becomes a fine pene
trating dust, filling the throat and
lungs. But I wouJJ advise always sav
ing the fodder, if it can lie properly
done, and if the peas have been pre
viously so>ved, as I have advised, a
large crop of hay and peavines can be
saved at this season, when there is a
rest from the crop .‘.ultivation and be
fore the cotton picking begins. By
Tulf.HAging in this way, each iarmer
can, at MnsmaJl cost, supply himself
with an abundant JJroughage,”
Whiph is grateful to the work" anhmiis; •
aud when not being nse.l, they can lie
Jcept in fine coqdjfion by feeding this
jyith small rations of gy<un.
IRISH
Over a large portion of the state the
successful gardener will be saving his
ipring planting of Irish potatoes, and
perhaps it will not ba amiss to call his
attention to the fiiet that with moder
ately favorable weather, he has it in
his power to make another fair crop.
Prepare your old bed thoroughly; if it
has been piulched, go much the better
for the second crop. For seed, select
the medium size potatoes from the first
crop, dry them in the shade for a few
days, and then replant the bed, just as
in the spring, except that instead of
uuttipg the potato, the whole
tuber is planted. Cpyor with the nlosv,
and mulch heavily. With rains, the
crop will be fine. Os course a drought
will cut off the yield, but even under
unfavorable conditions, the crop will
generally be a good one. You can
leave them in the ground all winter,
digging as you need them, only being
careful to keep them heavily mulched,
And your table will be supplied with
fresh and most delicious potatoes. They
remained in my garden all lost winter,
and it was a very cold one, without the
least injury. Try the experiment.
TURNIPS.
Prepare your beds now for ruta
bagas. A mellow’, highly fertilized
soil is essential to the successful growth
of root crops. Thoroughly rotted sta-
Lia ui4ni ire all 'l phosphates are good.
Later, sow the cither varieties. If the
bugs and insects are troublesome, try
Pyretheum powders,
LATE CABBAGES.
Get your bed prepared for the plants,
which should now be ready to set out.
Lay off the rows three feet apart, open
a deep furrow and fill about half full
of well rotted stable manure: or, if gu
ano is used, put in a liberal quantity
and mix with the soil. After setting
the plants out, |f {he worms are trou
blesome, mix one ounce of naris greet;
to four ounces of flour, put it !u a tin
box and tie a thin cloth over the end;
sprinkle the plants while the dew is on.
Persian insect powder is also a harm
less and effective remedy. Work deeply
in the early stages of growth; shallow
towards maturity. To preserve
during winter, dig a trench deep enough
to receive the stalks of tha cabbage, r&:
move all loose leaves, set them, root
down, close together, and slanting to
wards the south, at an angle of 43 de
grees. Bank the earth on them far
enough up to Ijeep the next row from
touching the first. This can be done
while digging the trench for the second
;ow. Arrange a shelter to keep off the
pays. If due ' care is taken and
each item is attended to promptly, thp
time and labor will be rewarded Liy 4
supply orfine, hard headed cabbages
for winter Use.
SA-VE EVERYTHING
from the farm and patches which will
afford food for tlio cattle and work ani
mals during the Winter months. Many
of us do not appreciate these small sav
ings, but they fill many a small leak,
and save the main food crops for the
more active work season. We must
wake up to the important facts that
more f°°d crops of all kinds are needed
on the majority of Georgia farms. _As
our seasons afford us every opportunity
for making ample fpod. supplies, why
should we continue the old mistaken
policy? 1
PLANTING PEAS.
We would again urge the importance
of sowing peas as a renovator and to in
sure an ample forage supply,.. In the
lower part of the state this has been
done to a great extent, but in northern
Georgia, where the grain cyops haye
just been harvested, now is the time to
Elow in the peas on the stubble, and in
lying by the corn to sow them, either
broadcast or in the drill, according to
the quality of the land and distance of
the com. "
MANURING.
One of the least understood, and yet
one of the most important items affect
ing our farm economy it tho making
and saving of e very element found or
brought on the farm which can be con
verted into plant flood. There Lae been
so little apparent interest in this ques
tion, and so little attention paid to it
that it will require time and a thorough
discussion before we can appreciate its
grave import. Under present amdi-
La Grippe.
During the preislence of the Grippe the
past seasons it was a oot'cealile fact that
those who dnendid upon Dr. King's
New Dt-covery. nW only had a speedy
recovery, bui escaped all cf the trouble
some after eftects of the malady. Tlte
remedy seem- to have a peculiar power
HARTWELL, HART CO., GA., FRIDAY, JULY 21, 1893.
tions, thousands of pounds of the most
valuable materials are allowed to go to
waste each year for the lack of that
care and knowledge so necessary to pre
serve, uninjured, the different elements
of plant food. Most farmers consider
these matters too small to require much
thought or attention, but it is the neg
lect of these small leaks on the farm
which causes heavy outlays of time and
money, when the farmer can ill afford
to pav either. For instance, how many
farmers who read this article realize
that the elements of fertility in the
nrine of stock contain just as much
plant food as the most solid excremen?
I mention this because, on most farms,
there is absolutely no provision ma le
for absorbing and holding these valua
ble materials. We cannot adequately
calculate the waste on this one item.
Again, many farmers who keep their
stables well’ supplied with absorbents,
in the way of leaves or straw, together
with dry dirt, muck or land plaster, yet
lose much in the process of fermenta
tion —the ammonia being allowed to es
cape—and the materials which they
have collected at considerable outlay of
time and labor, become valueless, ex
cept as a mulch on worn land, or to be
plowed under to prevent the land from
running together. A little more atten
tion just at the fermenting period, to
see that the pile was kept moist and not
allowed to decompose too rapidly would
have insured a fine supply of perfect
plant food. On the other hand, too
much moisture delays this process of
fermentation, which we have been try
ing to advance.
Another important consideration in
making manure is the quality and
character, as well as the quantity of
food supplied to the animals. The
richest manures will be furnished by
such highly concentrated food as cotton
seed meal and linseed meal. Next
come peas, beans and clover; then the
grains, and lastly the roots. One fact
is patent, that is that there can lie no
more fertilizing materials in the axcre
ments than were present in the fool.
Therefore from poor food we can only
expect a pool - quality of manure. The
urine contains most of tho nitrogen ami
nearly all the potash. How important,
then, to preserve its elements, and see
that they go back on our lauds. Another
source from which a good supply of the
best fertilizing material can be realized
is the trash pen, into which all the
waste from the house and yard should
l-.e thrown —the leaves from the yard,
the slßpsftC’A’.-tUhouse, anything that
will contribute to sweirtl’.ifiual result;
and it is surprising how muclr~canj>e
gathered in this way. But to be suc
cessful in this, as it; eve. yching else,
requires daily pare jitttfntiqn. Very
little permanent good can be accom
nlished by spasmodic effort. Care to
day, negjept tomorrow, "'ill blast and
ruin most enterprises, aqd farming is
no exception,
Whenever you ean spare the time
from your crops, haul the manure out
and broadcast it on your land. If in
the summer, sow peas on this, and
when they are matured turn them un
der; if in the fall or spring, sow small
grain with clover. Building up our
lands gradually but permanently should
be onr aim, and it is only by the appli
cation of the home made manures, sup
plemented with phosphates, on which
clover, peas and rye are sown, that wo
can reasonably hope for success. Ap
plying a few hundred pounds of. highly
available, prepared fertilizer, diree’d..*-
under the plants, which food is often
exhausted before the plants attain ma
turity, can, in no sense, be said to re
store fertility or permanently improve
our lands. We can’t continue to take
a small amount from a given quantity
of anything tor an indefinite period, and
expect to retain the original quantity.
And yet this is just what we are doing
with our lands. There is only so much
deposited there at the start; we take
this off, year after year in our different
crops, and while the rain and the at
mosphere return a small quantity, and
we supply some by artificial means, the
tfhole is nqt usuaily enougli'to keep up
even a fair cbnditiou for plant fbod,
Appreciating the many advantages
which we enjoy in soil, climate and
water, let us begin now to shape our
farm policy on the building up and im
proving plan. Let each idea be direct
ed to the best means of obtaining these
results. It has taken years of mistaken
farm policy to bring us to our present
condition; it will require time and a
Jseavy expenditure of thought, muscle
and money to put us back where vse
started, and in the struggle, this ques
tion of proper methods of manuring
tilays an important part. To deal with
it in an intelligent and practical man
ner is one of the absorbing needs of the
times, and to meet it successfully should
be our daily study. R. T. Nesbitt,
In Southern Cultivator for Jtuv.
Other Remark!.
THE COTTON CROP IS BACKWARD.
Since writing the above the reports
from the different counties have come
in, and the representations are that as a
rule the cotton crop is unusually back
ward. Thp plants have been stunted
and thus growth much retarded by the
cold spring, and later, the heavy and
excessive rains have compacted the soil
and so delayed the plowing, that in
many instances the crops have suffered
for work. Under these conditions it
will require most favorable seasons frog*
this tinle until the crop is made, in or
der for us to realize anything like a fair
yield. In some localities hail and wind
storms have wrought incalculable inju
ry, blasting in a few short hours, the
patient work of months, and gloom and
desponcy bang heavily over the fanner
who has seen hi« hopes thus suddenly
destroyed. But in our favorable cli
mate a large part of these losses can be
recovered. The man of courage and re
sources, while appalled, v ben he con
templates his devastated fields, will set
to work to repair the damage as far as
Don’t give up. sow heavily of
the mUlets'-^d f P«*B-t h « Spanish
greund peas cwatHUSS and iq
the early fall sow rye arid clovl-T; HWSII.
busy, and keep down as far as possible
unless ripening. Active work is the
best remedy against despondency. ■
OUR INQUIRY COLUMN.
I would call the attention of farmerti
to this new feature of onr work, am i
would aolicit their interest in it. .1
would be glad if they would read th I
inquiries and answers for thw manti I
and will take pleasure to answerin. J
threugh this medium, as far as possible!
any inquiries sent to ns by the farmer
of tfae state, and I trust that we wil.
succeed in making this not only inter'
eating, but instructive as well. •
R. T. Nesbitt, Commissioner. £
THE CSLY ONE EVER
Can You Find the Word ?
There sea 2-inch> display
no two words alike except one ward-
Answered by Georgia Department of
Agriculture
Relating to the Farm, Garden,
Dairy, Eto
These colums will be open to inquiries
and answers, and we hope to make it of
interest to all farmers and gardeners,
and that they will avail themselves of
its use, %
Necessarily answers may from time
to time be crowded out, but tvhen such
is the case they will appear in subse
quent reports.
CLOVER AS A FERTILIZER.
I would be glad if you would explain
to me how clover renovates land and
renders it more fertile? J. C, 0,,
Fouche, Ga,
Nearly the entire dry weight of clover
aside from the constituents of water is
carbon, which i« obtained from the at
mosphere, and if the crop is plowed un
der and allowed to remain a portion of
this carbon is deposited in the soil. If
the hay is removed tho amount of car
bon deposited by the roots on a well sod
ded field would still be very large.
The agricultural value of carbon to
the soil has thus been given:
1. It makes the soil more retentive of
manures.
2. It causes it to appropriate larger
quantities of the fertilizing gases of the
atmosphere.
3. It gives it greater power to absorb
moisture.
4. It renders it warmer.
In addition to the carbon the organic
matter deposited in the soil by clover
contains a larger amount of nitrogen
than that of other plants except those
that belong to the same family,
The plant la a legumen which is now
generally admitted to have the power of
appropriating free nitrogen, which, in
the process of decay, is deposited in the
soil iu the form of ammonia. While
value of carbon does not depend on itsen
tering into the composition of the plants
but upon its effects upon the mechanical
condition of the soil; nitrogen is indis
nensible to the growth of plants. Thus
\fe have an improved physical condition
ana indirect contribution tq |hp fertility
of tbtJ _
It may not be abi’as to add that the
cowpea, which is one pf God’s greatest
blessings to the southern fafiUCL flour
ishing aa it does where neither weatbK
0r spil tyill adtr,it of ofoyer. alqo has the
powet- of extracting from the costliest
element of p;ant fdod nitrogen.
POTASH.
How does potash make plants grow?
B. M. D..
LaGrange. Ga.
Yonr question is one that will not ad
mit of general answer if yon desire in
formation as, with what part of the
structure of plants potash enters. But
;f you uulv desire to know whether tne
method of appropriation of potash by
plants differs in anyway from its method
of feeding upon other elements it is
sufficient to nay that in taking up potash
the method of appropriation is the
saur>. Iu regard to what part of the
plant potash enters no general rule can
be given, as the quality of potash dif
fers very much ip various plants, Iu
ths cereal? potasli while entering into
the formation of the grain plays a more
important part In the formation of the
straw to which it adds much strength.
In cotton notash is a part of both plant
and seed.
VALUE OF FERTILIZERS.
What is the best method of ascertain?
ing the value of a fertilizer?
H. D- W.
Cason, Ga.
Yonr question as to the beat method
of ascertaining the value of fertilizers
admits of two constructions and in this
light of two answers. That is the
method first of arriving at the commer
cial value of the fertilizer, and second
to arrive as to its vaffie to the soil of a
particular farm. The one furnishes
simply the value of the plant food con
tained in the mixture the second its
adaptability to the soil upon which it is
used.
The actwal worth of the fertilizer
may be high, and yet by supplying plant
food which the soil already containsand
not those elements iu which the soil is
deficient its value to the crop may not
be seen and the yield fall short of what
the fanner has reason to suppose would
be the natural result of its use.
The question of actual value in the
elements of plant food is one easily set
tled and about which there need be no
controversy. Analysis by a competent
chemist gives the quantity of nitrogen,
phosphoric acid and potash the mixture
contains and the relative value.
In the case of the state of Georgia
gad nearly all the states this analysis is
torniahed by the state chemist through
the department of agriculture and by
refering to the bulletins sent out there
need be no questions as to what the
fertilizer contains. The auction of
adaptability is a much broader one and
requires careful study and experimental
work on the part of the fanner bimse|f.
There ai>a those who desire the state and
government by soil analysis to furnish
them with a proper knowledge of the
character of their soil. The value of
soil analysis considering the variety of
the land even in the same field Bas been
seriously questioned, and certainly
without an enormous outlay could n<rt
be practically carried out, while such
analysis by sections might properly es
tablish general rules, it seems te> ns at
present impracticable for individual ap
plication. We therefore advise that
each farmer, by experimental work 011
his own land, ascertain its needs. Indeed
such work is of much more value than
I any theoretical application of fertilizerg
as by the yield the fanner acquioes ab
solute knowledge of the demands of his
soil’d i» substantial fruits gathers the
results of his study.. Wtole we would
not reflect on the commercial fertilizers
of today, and presume that the perceht
ages of the elements they contain are
perhaps proper general deductions, yet
there are those who are inclined to re
gard these applications tq all lands
without regard to its need tn the light
of a cure-all aa compared with a regular
prescription. This may be too severe,
yet there can be little doubt that it is
the duty of every farmer who desires to
advance and to adopt better methods to
purchase the ingredients and either mix
them as past crops wonld indicate his
. 'Sf 1 'J. 2 -gg*—
The Onset Enslbh BeiaeJv.
soils needs, or add to the regular com
mercial fertilizer in such proportion as
he sees proper. Many of the manufac
turers are ready at all times to prepare
such formulas as the farmer desiresand
except where the material is composted,
he may purchase if be wishes, as experi
ments show his soil demands. We
would impress the necessity of studying
the adaptability of the fertiliser co the
soil to which it is applied, and also the
needs of different crops for different
proportions of the elements of plant
growth,
WHITEWASH.
I have noted to the publications that
attention has frequently been called to
giving a sightly appearance to barns,
outhouses and fences by tho use of
whitewash.
Will you please give m j a good recipe
for preparing it. C. I. N..
Byrom, Ga.
This recipe for a whitewash for out
houses and fences will be found to give
a good and lasting wash:
In a watertight barrel nqt one- half
Bushel of quick Mme; Slack this by
covering it with boiling water to the
depth of about five inches, steaming until
thoroughly slacked. Dissolve in water
one pound of common salt and two
pouiuls of zinc and add to the mixture.
LEACHED ASHES.
Where ashes have been thoroughly
leached does anything of inannral re
main? L. S. F., Woodburn, Ga,
Where the leaching haa been thor
ough all the potash is removed and th?
greater part of the phosphoric acid.
There will, ho we ver,- remain a large
percentage of lime with slight quanti
ties of magnesia and phasphorio acid,
which are of value to tne soil. It is not
often that the leaching is so thorough as
to entirely remove the potash,
CLOVER HAY.
I desire to know how many tons of
clover hay my barn will contain, Can
you give me how many feet in a ton?
O. O. G., Adairsville, Ga,
A. dry tqn of clover hay contains from
to flui cubic feet.
REMOVED BY CROPS.
Can yon give me the amount in
pounds of potash and phosphoric acid
removed from the soil by a crop of ten
bushels to the acre of wheat, of rye,
of corn and of oats. C. P. M„
Crawford, Ga.
Estimated in pounds the following
amounts would be removed by the
crops named:
Phospho-
Potash. tic Acid.
Wheat' 11.83 8.23
Rye 13.85 8.13
Corn 8.62 16.67
Qat5,13.77 8.87
The ftgure# embrace the amount re
eved by both grain and straw. In
wheatyCJts and rye a greater amount
of phosphoric SCid than of potash is re
moved by the grahvYdierm the straw ]
takes a much larger amount of potash.
This indicates phosphoric acid for full
heads and potash for strength and de
velopment of straw. Os course, it
must be remembered that nitrogen will
be necessary also. In the case of corn
phosphoric acid is the dominant of
both the p]ant and the grain.
' “ CRIMSON CLOVER.
Has crimson clover been found val
uable at the south? P. C. 11.,
Bainbridge, Ga.
At the experiment st uti -:i in Louisiana
experiments are being conducted with
crimson clover, (infolium incarnation)
as a winter renovation and spring hay
crop and we V/ill soon have the benefits
the experiment. At our own station
it has not succeeded well except on very
rich ground. The seed of this clover
should be sown in September or October.
PEAR LEAF BLIGHT.
Will you please give me the remedy
for pear leaf blight? R. H. 8..
Blakely, Ga.
gear leaf blight is one of the most
difficult diseases that the horticnlturalist
has had to contend with and at the ex
periment stations many remedies have
been tried, Two methods of treatment
have been suggested, one of whxih may
be classed as remedial and the other as
a preventive. As a remedy while it
disfigures the tree the knife has been
used with best success. This consists
in removing the effected parts by cut
ting. The cutting should be well back
in the sound portion of the tree, other
wise the blight will again attack the
limb. As a prevent X’e either of the
two great solutions for fnngtw growth
or insects aro used i. e, Bordeans mix
ture and ammoniated solution of copper.
For preparing these mixtures we refer
you to past reports.
HOG RAISING, EVC.
Is hog raising on the increase or de
crease in counties that have the stock
law? Is there any remedy to keep these
black or buffalo flies off our cattle?
They never leave them day or night.
They seem to be eating the skin of the
cattle in holes. W. B. McD.,
Gujidie, G».
Hog raising, so far as the information
at the command of tho department ex
tends, is generally on the increase
throughout the state.
In regard to your questions as to the
horn fly we reproduce article on this
subject from the June report of 1892;
THE HORN FLY.
In some portions of southern Georgia
last year cattle were very much annoy
ed and their condition reduced by the
ravages of a small fly about one-half
the size of the house fly, which it re
sembles in general appearance. In Vir
ginia this fly is known as the horn fly,
orbuffalo gnat The latter name has
become current under the misapprejpnn
sion that the fly is identical with the
southern buffalo gnat of the Mississippi
valley. However, the injury done by
the horn fly is not to be compared to
that of the southern buffalo gnat, and
indeed there may ba no fear of any
immediate danger to the life of stock.
For the benefit of those sections of the
state infested with these peats, w« give
several selections from the report of the
etoiqologiat of the department of agri
culture of the United States.
LIFE HISTORY.
The eggs are deposited during day
light, chiefly between 9«. nt. anu 4 k
m., and more particularly during the
warm morning hours. They are laid
singly, and usually upon thfiq rtdea
upon the surface of wet duns the mo*
meat the laftw is dropped. So far as
known they are laid upon nd other snb
stdnoe, and never when old. The larvw
upon hatching descend, remaining,
however, near toe surface. When thev
are grown they are about two-nfths of
an indnin length, and of normal color
and form. The time elapsing fro® the
egg to the adnlt is from 10 to I ■ days.
averaging, sey, two weeks, and there
Dyspepsia and Liver CewpUtot.
Is it not worth the stnsll priee of IU.
to free yourself of every symptom of
these distressing complaints, if toe tMak
so call at onr store and get a bottte of
Shiloh's Vualizer. every beUlo to. a
printed guarantee on it, use acsow.mgly
and if it does you no good ti wHi .coel
Sold by 3. > Smrth,
nT.iiai-ri.rrnr
are probably seven or eight generations
annually. Their winter habits have
not been definitely defined. Hiberna
tion doubtless takes place normally,
either as an adult around stables, or as
a ptipanum below the surface of the
ground. The flies make their appear
ance in May, becoming most abundant
in July, anil gradually dwindling until
sharp frosty nights become freqftent.
The characteristic habit of clustering
about the base of the horn is developed
only when the flies are quite abundant.
"When they average only 100 or so to
the animal, comparatively few will be
found on the horn. Moreover, the
horn-clustering habit seems to be more
S redominated early in the season than
iter. The horns are not the only rest- i
ing place, as vast numbers cluster also!
upon the back between the head and
foreshoulders, where they can be reached
by neither head nor tai}'
In the feeding position the wings are
ghghtly elevated, and are held out from
the body at an angle of 60 degrees from
the abdomen, The legs are held out
wildly, and the beak inserted beneath
the akin of the animal is held in nearly
a perpendicular position. The fly be
fore inserting its beak works ita way
through the hair close to the skin, but
is able at a fling of the tail or an impa
tient turn of the head to rise instane
ously in flight, settling back as quickly.
PREVENTIVE APPLICATIONS.
Almost any greasy substance will
keep the flies away for several days. A
number of experiments were tried in
the field, with the result that train oil
with the result that oil with a little
gnlphur or carbolic acid added will keep
the flies away for from five to six days,
while with a small proportion of car
bolic acid, it will have a healing effect
upon sores which have been formed.
Train oil should not Cftst more than 60
to 75 cents per gallon, and a gallon will
annoint a .number of animals. Com
mon costing 10 cents a box,
Will answer nearly as well, and this
?übstance has been extensively used.
?allow has also been used to good ad
vantage. The practice of smearing the
horns with pjne or coal tar simply re
pels them from these parts. Train oil
or fish oil seems to be more lasting in
its effects than any of the other sub
stances used.
HOW TO DESTROY THE LARVJC.
Where cattle upe iu the habit of con
gregating nt sno place in the pasture or
Ph the range, the larve may be de
stroyed by throwing a spadeful of lime
on the cow dung. It would pay to da
this in May or June, as every larvae
killed then represents the death of many
flies during August. This course will
bo found in mafiy oases practical and of
great avail, and will often be an advan
tage to the pasture.
CONDITION OF CROPS
A* Shown by ths Georgia Department
Agriculture.
The month of Jnne has in nearly
every section been favorable to all crops
with the exception of cotton and fruit,
Which h<s suffered from the cool
weather.
COTTON.
The outlook for a fair yield of thia
crop is anything but promising. Espe
cially is this true in North and Middle
Georgia whfere the crop is from fifteen
to twenty days late. It was stated in
the report of* the department that the
weed w'as in these sections smaller than
it had been for a number of years at tno
same season. The weather during the
month has farther retarded the growth,
and the crop is now more backward
than it was when that report was is
sued. Much of it is in the gross, and it
has also suffered from the insect pest
that infest the plant during its early
growth, or when in a debilitated state
by unfavorable seasons. Considering
the small increase in acreage and the
lateness of the crop, while it is difficult
so early to forecast the yield, the present
outlook is that the crop will not more
than equal that of last year. The con
dition. compared to this time last year,
has fallen off 2 per cent, and is 16 below
an average, the falling off being due to
causes such as early frost, that renders
the crop subject to futflre disaster. We
are inclined to regard the whole pros
pect at very discouraging. z
WHEAT.
The fact that the tabulated statement
shows the average yield of this crop to
be 10f bushels per acre is a source of
congratulation Fof the last two years
our farmers have been studying the
causes of former failures in this crop,
and by better methods of cultivation
and fertilisation are obtaining yields
which, with fair market prices, will
justify sowing on a much larger aoale.
,We are anxious to encourage a aen ti
med in favor of thia cereal, and ts
we have repeatedly stated, no reason
should not be made a means of di
versification and in the more favorable
localities a money crop. In the next
issue of the report we will nave some
thing to say on this subject.
OATS.
The yield of fourteen busheja of oats
per acre soy the state as shown by cor
respondents is above What we supposed
the crop wofUd be, and doubtless ex
ceeds the expectations of our farmers.
This yield is abundant, four bushels in
excess Os the usual yield and is an evb
dence of improved condition Os otir
land, and of the latter methods of pre
paration.
OTHER CROPS.
The tabulated statement presents a
comprehensive view of other crops
Which are generally promising with the
exceptions named.
ff n i
ii iiiii
yield per mn •••• “X, M -
Clover. Greas—
par’dtaav'ge 100 i 80
Cotton —Co*-
pared to an
fes ft
“One of my customers cafee in to-day
and asked me for the best ceugh medi
| cine I had,” says Lew Young, a promi
, nen t druggist cf Newman Greve Neb.
“Os course I showed him Chamberlain’s
■ Cough Remedy, and be did not ask to
i see any other. I have never vet sold «
ls you* would ■
from Painful, Profuse, Scanty,! ?
Suppressed or Irregular Men*’ P®
struation you must use , I
1 BRADFIELD’S $ 9
FEMALE 1
REGULATOR
.This will I
Immediate family, after having suffered for 1
year, from Menatrmal Irregularity,
being treatedwithout benefit by physicians,
sßSttam&xv&are
effect is truly wonderful. J. W. Stbasob.
Book to" WOMAN-snsUednunt, whichowtsian I
valuable mformatfon on *U female
BRADFIELD REGULATOR CO. 4
ATLANTA. GA.
for am* as v&exm.
Hart County DirociT I
COUNTY OFFICERS? ||||
OrdinaryF C StephenMn
Clerk Superior Court . M M Riehardaan ■
SheriffJ R Lsard ■
Tar Collector. Jess. C Vickery KS]
Tar Receiver A L McCurry RBI
Treasurer Tho. H Burton |flß
County School CommissionerJ. R. Stephens H
Poor house StewardW. C.Myere ■
Coroner Wm. E. Cleveland ■
SUPERIOR COURT CALENDAR. , Mg
JudgeHamill.. MeWherter BSS
Solicitor GeneialW M Howard ■■
Spring Term-Third Monday in Mm*. 'W!
Fall Term—Third Monday in September. sW9|l
JUSTICE COURTS CALENDAR.
1112th District. Harwell—let Thursday. isSS
J H Skelton, fP„ H. J, Goes, N P BS;
1113th District, Ray’s—lst Saturday. iani
Ira M Brown, J P_. E G Brows, jgRB
1114th District, Smith s—4th Friday tffS
L M Casa Ingham, N P
1115th District. Reed Creek -M Saturday. - HRB
R H Martin, JP„ B J McLesky, N P ■ S
UlCth District, Hall’s- 2d Wednesday >,
John s Roe, JP„ M Al Fussen, IP BBS
11 nth District. Shoal Cieek—4th datorday. "
JC Walters. JP., J A Adams, MP gfl
1118th District, McCurry’s—3d Saturday. M
B A Teasley. J P. C H N Brown, N P BB
119th District. Alford's— Friday before 3d Batd'y. fc&i;
W A Sanders, J P., Lit Richardson, »>, B y
CHURCH CALENDAR. |f|
METHODIST-HARTWELL CIRCUIT.
Presiding Elderßer J F Mixm, D. D. ■Sil
Preacher in charge Rev R B O England
Hartwell—2d and 4tb Suudaya, 11.3* am; 1.3# jsa
railroad time. Prayer nwtisg Wednesday NJ®,,
Bight, 1.30 Sunday School Sunday msraing
at 10 o'clock. M,L Parker, Superiateadant. ! | Ji
Bethesda—lst Sunday and Saturday befors. Prayer Bj
meeting crery Sunday night. Sunday School ■
every Sunday morning. B A Teasley, Says. ys
Cokesbury—3d Sunday and Saturday befero San
day School every Sunday morning. D O Cha>-
man, Sspi.
HARTWELL MISSION, -s j gg
J N Wall Pastor I {
New Bethel-Sundav and Saturday before. Sen-
day School every Sunday moralag. B L ■ y
Adame, Supt. gBjS
Liberty Hill—2d Snndav and Saturday kettle.
Sunday School every Sunday mernmg. A J BMJ
Mnllanii Sept. * ’
Mt Zion-4th Sunday and Saturday before. «aa-
dev School every Sueday nwrnmg. Miao Faa- ■•- /r
nie Tyler. Supt.
Redwine—Rev AH S Bugg, Pastor. 3d Sunday I
- knd Saturday ‘dClpre. Jgg
Maoetlonis—A H S Bugl- Pastor. Ist Sunday
and Saturday before. '. ’g|B
Followship-A II S Bugg, « Sunday ■
afternoon.
BAPTIST. x
Hartwell-Rev A E Keese, Pastor. rtfrlM J| Hi
Sundays, 11 an> and s pm. Sunday
10.30 a'm. D C Alford, Supt. ITngy
every' Friday evening at 6 o'clock. S M Boho
Leaner. Bl
Cedar Creek-liev. T J Rinker, Pastor. 4th Site- ’B|
day and Saturday before. Sunday School »a. Ki
m. HF Hailey, Supt. TC
Bowersville-—Bev J H McMullen, Pastor, tot
Sunday Hum. Sunday School 10 am. WR
Sardis—Rev. J R Earle. 2d Sunday ami Saturday IS®
before. Sunday School 10 am. MM Ricbntn K||
son, Supt. gB
Hendi vs -Rev J G Christian, Paster. 2d Sunday
and Saturday before. Sunday Sriiool 10 a Be
Shoal Creek—Rev Purcell. 4tb Sunday and M
Saturday before Ham. Sunday School 10 a m.
Cannons—F M Cole, Pastor. 2d Sunday and Sat , gji
urday before. Sunday School 10 am. $|S
Cross Hoads—Rev F M Estes, Pastor. 4tb Sunday gffl
and Satuiday before. Sunday School 10 am. |||
Rock Springs—Rev F M Estes, Pastor. 3d Sumlay ■
anil Saturday before. Sunday School 10 a nr. K
Mt. Olivet—Rev A J Cleveland, Pastor. Ist San- M
day. ■
New Prospect—Rev J J Beck. Pastor, let Sunday B
and Saturday before. Sunday School. .jgjO
Mt. Hebron-Rev T B Wright, Pastor. 2.1 San- ®
day and Saturday before. Suaday School !• O
am. KA Vickery, Supt. M
Milltown, Rev T A Thornton, Pastor. 3d Sun
day and Saturday before Sunday School 1» ■
am. W A Sanders, Bunt. Igg
Bethany—Rev B J McLeaky, Paator. 3d Sunday
and Saturday before. Sunday School IS a at
Reed Creek-Rev B J McLeaky, Pastor. 4‘te Sun
day and Satuiday before. Sunday Scheel IS
Bio—Rev. G. J. Christian, Paator. 3d Sands* Li
and Saturday before. Sunday School IS e'eta*
every Sunday morning. H. A. Teasley, Supt. L.,*
Flat Shoal—Rov. B. R. Goss. Pastor. 2d SandSF K
Oak Bower—Rev. M. B. Goss, Pastor. 4th Sun- ®
day. mg
Mt. Hermon—Rev. T. A. Thornton. Pastor, tot
Sunday and Saturday Wore.
Holly Springs- -Rev. W. J. Vickery. 4tb Swudsv ■
-
Hartwell-Iter R E- »d B
morting aud night. B
night. H
Pleasant Hill—Rev R E Talferd, Parts*. 4* B
Sunday. It an. Sunday School S.3S
Royston (Franklin Co.) —Rev R E Telford, Pte- I,;:?
‘ tor. Ist Sunday morning and night; • -
municipal
I) A Perritt, Maye*. «
J R Meredith, Secretary A TfSnaorw.
T P Harris, ■' B
O C Brown. / B
V E SattariMd. aS
Marshal-*" M Carter.
THE MARTWELL BANK.
X B Beneon. P^. Pitt1 ’ Tieo Pre*
SWP**k.€a*ie». W
Directors: J W William*. J D Matheson, J ■ ■
MeMullan, D C Alford. E B Benson. S J
Bank hours, from 10 a m to 4 p m. gg
HARTWELIe INSTITUTE. g
racvLTT 1 fl
Prof. M L Parker, A M, Principal. H
Prof. S M Boho. |I
Mrs ML Parker. » .. a S
Mrs R B Telford, Music. ■
TavaruM: BBBenson. J M TberStou. B W |
Johnson. M M Richardson, J H MagilL ®
MASONIC. 5;
m Hartwell Lodge No. 18» F. A. M.. Bret fl
XX I
Td Wkijj. m
A Perriu. J• ; J E Seott, Tyler. M
KNIGHTS OF HONOR. gg|
First Tuesday and Thiwi SMinrday rfghia
Officer. .M L Parkar, Dtots*er : W r Nritaaf. fc.
uoh*
UAVAT ARCAYTYM
Second and Fourth l ueoday aigh to
Ofltoere ; 8 W Peek. Regret; J W WBtema, ISs
Vice-Regent; AG MeCnrrv, Orawr;
pbeuaon, Secretary : Fred Wiebana. Celtectar ■ 4 I
W Morri. Boctctel-v ■ ■ 1.
— ..
AiarntmA abr ■
SHEmrrS SAUL
NO. 41.