Newspaper Page Text
The Jones County News
M. 0. GKEENK PUBLISHER,
mm os
To the Scnato and House of
tlvcs;
IVa still continue itj a period of m.
hot/h 01 ’ pr °Hh'-itr. Tills prosperity
hit tbo ci nature ot law; but
the laws under which we work hove
te®* ht hlch made n ' a It «n posslbld, '''•outing Uiid the bt
It 3 l> utnvisu
depression There w°iu l,ndouIitwl, ° onsy enou T be S h periods ln
Th reccJc blU ,h
'
on continent hat ion Ium i^
a Hanked V* bv b* l ' v o
ocencq 11 ij i, imposed of men the
scend IBcendants int« ot , pioneers cr, In a sense, pic-
f, Kora if thc-msclvcs-of men winnowed out
0 among the nations of the old worl l
by the energy boM-m-a th.’.ir’n n n .i 1,^1? vtS Ul1 , "
venture found tn 0VvU cager hearts,
Such a an ? atlci l so placed a v/iii surely wrest
feucccfeH A3 „ from fortune.
in the a people we have played a Unil^Vv larsr* bart t^
lH<T world* and evfo»-!u.rtn ve tin* bout liiuk “
our future Vf,a "‘t-cr taan the past.
yKif‘i In nartlcuim- ha^o '.l. ilnurux ~ e ? ls -? f lI J e last four
ue bi ul ii;tcel!ll!St ' d: ‘ c ^ed bo . that great for among woe
}, r e a ^li 1,0 non, 0I d i 9 . ' v ^ p. r * lii but y cither we Cannot fail great avoid nr
thfd i«n, t!l1<3oavo1 * ' from whldtt either
raiiure groi t
or gro.it. mtccess must come. Even
*\ "° w O'dd V.*«j cannot play a small part.
*1 w« Should try, all mat would follow
H'Otird be that we should play a large part
ignobly and shamefully.
But our people, the r>oii3 ot tho men of
the civil war* the sons of the men wild
bad iron in their blood rejoice in the
present and face the future high bf heari;
kind resolute of will. Ours jS hot tho
creed oi the wc'aklinft of and the coward-
curs D the ftosoel hone and of trl-
umpbalU endeavor We u? do -ot ''1^? shrink
K- f-ony the p-0bu£na *ti-««-lo before Vv To ■
for r,'nirav-i"-,v? fac- „UMto hi
cot Of the twentieth £1 fv£ u
lem- l)- !, -bro« \ • ,‘ a Miiirt l ot home-but , I
h „ tan active them, and
Mhy V i’ ro ,V °, n y ‘r’j w ?
fulbt-V‘1 e V, too quah.ies . nf heaa
?J '!i ! y a ;t which were show, by the men
tho ,‘ ashington founded
U s government had in the days of Lin-
lolnprerervW it.
i\o vaulHry has ever occupied n. Highet*
pUmo ot material well being thnll ours at
U.e present moment. This well being is
duo i° no ;;malen or Hccidental causes, but
to the play ot the economic forces in this
country for *>Ver a century; to our laws,
our fJu«vC.iiied and continuous policies;
bbovu all. to the high individual average
cur citizenship. <PTdl fortunes have
oeen lead won by who have taken the
in this phenomenal industrial devel-
bpmf'bt, ahrl most of these fortunes have
been well not by doing evil, but as n,n in -
cub ut to action which has hmiefit&i the
Community as a whole. NeVer before has
material well heihg been so widely dif-
tused among qur people. Great fortunes
have boon accumuiuted, and yet in the
bggfcgiite these fortunes are small In-
to ed when compared to the wealth the
beoj'le as a v/holc. The plain pedplc are
belter oft than they have bVer been be-
fere. The Th>? insurance insuran companies, which
®ro practically practically nitit mutual benefit societies—
especially helpful lbful to men of moderate
tn e a ns-^re p r f a ent cut accumulations accumulations of of capi-
tai Vvffich are • among among the the largest largest in in this tiiis
rtoUlTtry. Savings banks, There re are are more more deposit* deposits b‘f in in the 1 u e
s. mere mere owners own or* hf farms, farmq
more well paid wage work ers in this coun-
Of try now than when ever the before conditions in our have history.
course fa-
W the rewtli ‘toy Hfavo of what *also MS? Vil.^It s‘oM? is «(.
Jicniiy jg necessary that was we we should should - endeavor endeavor
.
co cut out this evil, evil, l>Tit but let let u« us keep keep a a due due
sense e of or proportion; proportion; let let us us not not in in fixing fixing
our gaze gaze upon upon the the lesser lesser evil evil forget forget the the
greater xrcs.-.i good. The Toe evils evils aro are real, real, and and
some of them are ’rcnacing, menacing, but but decadence. decadence, they they are are
the outgrowth not of misery iiser.v cr cr
M^[ eS ThLt
progressive regulation as will diminish
the evils should remedy fail in our d”fv if
we did not try to the evils but we
shall succeed only if we proceed patient- V* will
lv ?cs with nrartlral slnani?®^ romrnon th? SSod
ns *lution from
nturSrST^^iisoW'arra reguiaRon tb.lso
tbo question ot tho of
lug corporations commonly doing an in-
terstnto bus : css. often with some tendon-
cy to monopoly, which are popularly
known nr, trusts. The experience of the
past year bar. emphasized, in my opinion,
the desirability of the steps 1 then pro-
posed. A fundamental requisite of social
eflicieney is a high standard of individual
^“Inwnaliten^ ™„,„I I povA'r fh ,_ ti
/Vhi/ii™ fir „T““ with S! t n
IT. "bich cannot so
well l.» be achieved , b\ the incuvldual acting
fj 0 "®- A fundamental base of civilization
is tec mvioinbi.ity , of property; but this is
in nowise inconsistent with the right of
society to regulate the exercise of the
artificial powers which It confers upon the
owners of property under the name of cor-
porato franchises in such a way as to
prevent the misuse of these powers. Cor-
porations, anvil especially combinations of
corporations, should be managed under
public regulation. Experience has shown
that under our system of government the
necessary supervision cannot be obtained
by state action. It must therefore be
achieved by national action. Our aim is
not to do away with corporations. On the
contrary, these big aggregations are nn
Inevitable development cf modern indus¬
trialism, and the effort to destroy them
would be futile unless accomplished in
ways that would work the utmost mis¬
chief to the entire body politic. Wo can
do nothing of good in the way of regulat¬
ing and supervising these corporations
until we fix clearly in our minds that we
are not attacking tho corporations, but
endeavoring to do away with any evil in
them. Wc are not hostile to them. We
are merely determined that they shall be
so handled as to subserve the public good.
Ve draw the line against misconduct, not
..gainst wealth. The capitalist who, al one
or in conjunction with bis fellows per-
form'- some m/nev greet indu”lriei feet n/t bv which
ho Swr wins n-Sl is onk) a wc’ldoer worl-f I? », c .
(loci, P-ottueu only hP ne wori..-, m p.opei
nnn ffgltimato lines. He wish ro favor
such ii man when h • does well. \, e wish
to supervise and control his actions only
to prevent him from doing 111. Publicity
eon do r.o harm to the honest corporation,
nnd we need not be ovort<!S».or about
sparing thc dishonest corporation.
In curbing e-'/lt-d'which rrd regulatin" the eombina-
ttnns iki,,Vi,/ of /,)!/ ore !,/ cr L nw hcoo-ne
injurious u> us piiui- wt mils oe tufe-
tul not to stop the great enterprises wn.cn
have legitimately reduced toe cost of pro-
duction, not to abandon the place which
our country has won tn tho leadership of
the international industrial world, not to
strike down wealth with the result of
closing factories nml mines, of turning
the wageworker idle In the streets and
leaving tho farmer without a market for
what he grows, insistence upon the im-
possible means deiav in achieving the pos-
Bible exactly as, on the other hand, tho
stubborn defense alike of wh-t is good
and what is bad in the existing system.
the resolute effort to obstruct anv at-
tempt nt betterment, betrays blindness to
the historic truth that wise evolution is
-tWure safeguard against revolution.
No more imnortant fuhject can come
before the congress then this of the regu-
lation of interstate business!. This country
cannot afford to sit supine on the pica
that under °ur peculiar system of govern-
meat we are Vieipless helpless in" In the the presence pr of
the new conditions and unable nable to t grapple !
with them or to rut out whatever of evil
lias arisen in connection with therm The
power of the congress to regulate Inter-
- ......
-. . . , l - t d
rnfaltilMl 'Fin!IIIoff 1 S-ant grant 0 /nrt°% and r.ithhut a thm. ? itou limitations f' un- m ‘ !
th h ifit, ,
»ntton The /on?re2J r law? h/l n/S-S eno t C rt ns,l i I !
Sroner Birthoritv forexecutfn* to make nil th?3 j
?ol«m.,1fh u/htaifcir ifoTnot nower /r/L and 1 l ?“
jKtute ES book/ hv anv leeiklli fv on //w Therefrr^ on f/l
iKt hti- Restrictive lt ev omme-ct/r ent
/nd of r lti/oot !
eitailir.o reof-aiut imon r
* wise'
er iJonabte cf r r the congr. congress la^ -s and that neeessa?y a ln *
Reasonable lav; would wraiid conirr/saio/Mifuthomv be bo a a necessary and and 1
tore •oner ,tb/endthat cxerci'u- of EU.:be?[lc/hoffidbeera^ i
t ntf’f] ' k • -
Ecated. that mon-inoiie'! u-.'-iet r!'--
T lioiieve which' ^rinjde '
feriftlinations frni’iult-nt prevent ercanltallzation or
fcomueLlUoii Snd^)‘her organizations ami
g»a O.ner evils cut? lit m trust trust, o.g -mz.i-is.ns ana i
state trndA pre\tinted ‘ y . t }^ under vc { l n {* tho r ~
fnercfl power n V rha VvLi rebJ :V re t ll Iate com-
uavllni tvith c.V,,V •! p. al, °ns and Among
tho trough regulations
r nd * nn"fihi«iS 0 „ Pirating directly upon
Kv. h i I' 1 *- tnstniirjjaiialUlcs
U'- iVarniJ}m rbrd iihit tLv!:!L r , 4 cnb t ' a , , d* “
Y ; t 1 a a *1^;*‘t i i to the .
to tiu!IS ; Z 11 ' congress with a view
nvnJiaifShf 1t«? x °J. a <( aw 't'casonacle in its
imn« wkfnh!! rfi orcccuve questions in Its can operations, be*, unnlly
o-Hn im. Ui ;:t , now ralso doubts as to
tbo 01 r constitutional
mmii hi imp v* r- r ovo impossible to accom-
n" C JSL '° " c * rorth v »Mf>h
phril?'r«rJS i»w fW n assuredly wo should not
t,; °2 ristl I utloR BJ
AS nnwiS el f U beyond porudventure A the ,
1 8 S;:„ m
Thp ftnormirfltirn r u B fn?? U f . #B f ^ , ^
any ariy appropriation foi the better f enforce-
' nnt, trRSt J aw « s it now
5SlJf- Very f much ttr . has been Sn» Ur done }l** th by * the en
ii, '
S foroomont ff tihl of \2“, J
, '- nc u t-dKfehcS?! wdUUl f?
be expended appropriation under for this purpose, to
tho direction of the
adorni ‘>' general.
One proposition advocated has been the
lb tariff trusts r.s n mean.?*. of
, lg ev, is or the which fall
S T hin *u th e category I have described,
Not merely , would this be wholly ineffec-
i! guch ye ,’ but a direction the diversion would, of mean our tho efforts aban- in
I ^Ph.mepi ’Hh pf.all *heM intelligent bVilfi. ilaliy at.tempt tllf To, ldi’ do
n ^V n bi
Sv should est corporations, certainly be many included of in those which
scheme of regulation, would any proper af-
not be
f ect t f d m tariff,., the slightest degree such change by a change inter-
fered i n V e wtllV the save p’ericrill as pros^eritV Sr the
J ho °nly relation of the tariff
;° corporations as a whole is that the
makes manufactures profitable, and
-I? tariff. remedy ^ proposed matiiifdctuT^ would be, Hn- in
l>^oHtable. • ’ na,? -
To remove tho tariff as a
P R n tlvc measure directed agivinst trusts
' vou ld J nev|tab y result in ruin to the
, .competitors who are. struggling
against taH them 7 Our aim t0 &«v? shoujd ne mi j.rod- by
t u *i ndvantaffe over domestic prod-
mcstlo by t’fnP'T regulation to give do-
this end competition reached a fair .chance: by ami
cannot be any tariff
‘'hunt',-., which would affect unfavorably
nl domestic competitors, good and bad
alike. The question cf regulation of, the
‘rusts stands apart from the question of
tariff revision.
Stability Bt economic policy must al-
Ways be the prime cconornlo should need of this
country. This stability not be fos-
eilization. The country has acquiesced
*’ r ‘ *bc wisdom cf the protective tariff
}N{ Principle. It Is exceedingly should itndeMrahld
fc -' ?dcRl be destroyed or
tnat there should be violent and radical
changes shows that therein. Our past in experience
try has always great prosperity under a,protective this coun- lar-
come
^ and that, the country cannot prosper inter-
under fitful Moreover, tariff changed at £hon
v alf*-- if tho tariff laws as a
whole work well and if business has pros-
perod better under them and is prospering, it is
to endure for a time slight incon-
venlenccs and Inequalities in some ached-
ules than to upset chah^ed. business by too Huick
and.too radical It is mo:y L bar-
Ucstly to be wished that we could treat
the tariiY from the standpoint solely cf
our business needs. It is. perhaps, too
much to hope that partisanship consideration may be
entirely the subject, excluded from cf
but at but-tofejsS least it can be made the
secondary to the is. Interests oi
eountr$ country that to the interests of our
beonio People as a whole. Unquestionably these
business ------- interests will best be served If
together thfr with with nvitir fixity of principle as ,... rc _
feards the tariff we combine 3ine a a system sy
which will permit us from time time to to tic time to
J^us^tatoscrupmous licatibh bl ^ the
care that the
{•eappll.cation!shnU it SJ“ will not amount be made to ^ a ^ in dislocation d ,, L s such . lPf^# ■ ® a on wa way of y
R our ^ system, ay f e in the the , mere mere threat threat of of _ which, which, - not not ■
to to speak speak of of the the performance, would pro-
duce duce th^^munlty. paralysis para The busavefss |rst ericl'gie^
of of tfnn cbnsidera-
f-°n UmSle^olfr in in mhkmg nitilrmt these changes would, of
with interests abroad «82«.ifwnwR and of always al-
lowing a sufficient rate of diltV to rrlore
than cover the differehoe between the
labor cost here and abroad. 9?he well be-
ing 4 of the Wageworker tillercfthesoil like the well bo-
5 of he sboud be
.wmsi
" n ^“ reSprSd”v
Is r d is by
treaties. It greatly to be desired that
such treaties may be adopted Thev can
be used to widen our markets and to rive t>
a greater field for the activities of our
producers on tho one hand, and on the
other hand to secure in practical shape
tha lowering of duties when they are no
longer needed o? W^en for protection among o/daml our
own (lone People be disregarded me minimum for ihe sake
oj ago .> 7 may 4mm food
thc n a x of accomplished
If it prove impossible to ratlfv the pend-
ing treaties and if there seem to be no
warrant for thc endeavor to execute oth-
ers or to amend the pending, treaties so
that thoy can lie ratified, then the same
end—to secure reciprocity—should be met
by direct legislation. tariff conditions such
Wherever the are
that a needed change cannot with advatt-
tsgc be made by the application of the
reciprocity idea lowirinrcf then itcan be made out-
product right to a Ifpolslbfe, duUes change op a shoulS given
such
be made only after the fullest considora-
tlon bj practical experts, who should ap-
proach the subject from a business stand-
point, having in view both the particular
interests affected and the commercial well
being of the people as a whole. The ma-
chinery for providing such careful lnves-
tigation can readily be supplied. The cx-
scutive department has already at its
disposal methods o£ collecting facts and
figures, and if the congress desires addi-
tional consideration to that which will be
given the subject by its own committees,
then a commission of business experts can
be appointed whose duty it should bo to
recommend action by the congress after
a deliberate and scientific examination of
the various schedules os they are affected
by the changed and changing conditions.
The unhurried and unbiased report of this
commission would show what changes
should ho made in the various schedules
«nd how far these changes could go with-
° 1 L t 0,80 changing the great prosperity
upsetting which this its country economic is now policy. enjoying or
fixed
The cases in which the tariff can pro-
duce a monopoly arc so few as to const!-
tute an Inconsiderable factor in the ques-
tion; but, of course, If in any case it be
found that a given rate of duty does pro-
mote a monopoly which works III, no pro-
of tectlonist would object to such reduction
the duty as would equalize competition.
Ip my judgment, the tariff on anthracite
cori | s ho-ulil be removed and anthracite
p, ]t actually, where it now is nominally,
on the free list. This would have no effect
nt all save in crises; but In crises it might
be cf service to the people.
Interest rates are a potent factor in
business activity, and in order meet that these
rates may be equalized to the vary-
ing needs of (he seasons and of widely
separated communities, and to prevent the
recurrence of financial stringencies business, which
injuriously affect there legitimate chonid be ele- jt
Is necersary that an
ment of elasticitv 'the in our monetary servants' svs-
tern. Banks are natural of
commerce, and upon them should be-
placed, as far as practicable, the burden
of furnishing and maintaining a cireula-
tlon adequate to supply thc needs of our
diversified Industries and of our domestic
and foreign < onmicrc-. and the issue of
ibis should be s-.o regulated that a suffl-
cient supply husi’ness should be always available
for the Interests of the country.
It would be both unwise and unneces-
ea ry at this time to attempt to recon-
struct our financial system 'century which sot^ has
to • en the growth.of a but
additional legislation is l think desirable
The me re ouf l ine of any plan sufficiently
comprehensive , to mcc-t these requirements
'% ou i d tra n«gress the appropriate
?^,„ luhtTr this . , , communication. i h!i L e 1 fu,ure legislation It is suggested, on the
! ’
e “ )Jcct should , he with the view of en-
?,“ , ra *' - n «f such instrumental!-
iStlrfm^, « , ,c u
/J «»fora«tl< ? aHy supply every
-iVneun? ”‘nf t p!an<1 c <r ?/ ner< " f w- Productive tot only in Indus- the
h.n , _
l"tere?anrenht» hold/r a «!, n i S j„?/ ’/, t J n<la c wi ‘?, » f r - lon the oy
god/iand/rd converrthie 4 int0 <1,s established
I.-K,,.,, nuvqiL «.wtt*nt ,0 n * to the nee<3
r f r--ln o , ?« ™ t,on la,v pov
'
-
to eon’eress vou 'at the r.~> tnnilnffi) 4"r?nn‘nr’ 0 a *. ti' iSffU 111
#lr»a<lv pav>-d *be house 8U ' ' U bl 1 ha *
,ne PPMC,
GRAY, JONES C0„ GA, THURSDA Y, DECEMBER I. 1902.
How to secure fair treatment alike for
. tabor and for capital, how to hold in
Check tho unscrupulous mpn, whether Weakening em-
ployer or employee, without
individual initiative, without
and of th<? cramping country, the in Industrial problem fraught development with
a
«irent diffinmties ImportanfcV ftful one td Which it is lines of
the highest *olv* setiBls ti£
ot well sanity and farsighted common right. This is
as o,f devotion federation to the and combination,
an ZilxacU* era of
often •»«? business through corporation*, mep And they f*nd muse
work as
It !s u constant tendency of these corpora-
tions to grow larger, so it Is often neecs-
fcarv. fcjr. laboring thesd hftv« men to work In Important federa-
uons, and industrial life. Bftth
factors kinds of of federation, modern capitalistic and labor,
can do ^h; much good and as a necessary
^l <-ion io each they Find cun of both brgnnixatlou do evil. Opposi- should
take the form of opposition to l#i
bad In the conduct of any given corpora-.
no £ oi f ttacks u Pf , “ cor '
^ S tk SS a 8U £? .', 10r upon unions as
*wchi. far df th« oiif r most farreachlng
beneficent work xw pc«pln corporation?! Vi AM bceij
accomplished and unions. Each through both refrain from
must lnterf-Ance ar-
bitrary or tyrannous with
f»ti3 tho rights brgantetH of others. fubof hHke OrganWid fhquld capital
tLe ro mem-
ber that in the long run IrttbfMt hf
each must be brought into harmony with
the interest of the general public, and tho
conduct of each must conform to tlic
law. fundamental -hdl^idunl rules freedom of obedience to tho
*f all. and lii&fcfi of Justice
and fair dealing toward fthooid
remember tiiat in addition to power
must strive after the realization of
healthy, employer lofty and generous orker, ideals. Every
huat'ahtec^ . every his.pbcrtv wagew r must be
he 4nd hfs.right Ol' to do
as likes with his property nig mbo.f
so rights long of as he does not infringe the upon the
others. It Is of highest ini-
por Mince ,feho,ui^ that employer and employee
alike etuleqvof to, appreciate each
the viewpoint <u the Otftef nn«t tho kuro
disaster that will come upon both m thd
long run if either grows to take as habit-
ual an attitude of sour hostility and dis-
trust toward better the other. Few people de-
B.-rve of the eot!|ltrj- thanthose rep-
resentatlvos both jm of capital and labor-
end mere are hi<J> any sucli—who WoHt con-
tin*,ally to about d k.^4 Uttd^rStanif-
lug of this kind, based upon wisdom and
upon bread and ldndly sympathy between
employers need and employed. Above all. wo
to remember that any kind of class
RniqioSItv hihlc, lu the Pol ticai World is; If. nos- d?l
even more wicked, even n ore
structive to national welfare, than sec-
tional, race or religious animosity. Wo
can get good government only upon condl-
tlon that wc keep true to the principles
Uport J'idgb Wltloh 6at*h this .nation was founded Sf and
but man individual net as ft par* H .Hass, that
upon his merits. All
we have a right to ask of anv man rich
or poor, whatever his creed his occuna-
tion, his birthplace or his residence is
that f.Is ho shall act well and honorably hv
neighbor for and rich by hifl Country such We hb? are
neitner the man iis for
the poor man as such; we are for tho up-
right constitutional man rich or po'*r So far as the
powers of the national gov-
ernment touch th**se matters nation* of treneral
and vital Kc moment to the conformity tltev
should . exercised Ip with
the principles above set forth a’secretary
lt is earnestly honed that of
commerce may be created with a scat In
the cabinet. The rapid multiplication of
questions affecting labor and capital the
growth hon« throngli and complexity which Do+i» of labor the niuV oraaniza- ftank
tal now find expression the steady tend-
cnev toward the employment of capital in
huge strides corporations and the wonderful
of this country toward leadership
j n t j le international business world lustifv
an urgent demand for the creation of
fepdip“rAmm^i«l such n. PoSHioh RubStantiaH*' all tljp
that'wWch” i/'desto’bie haT tha^^ome alnad? lucli nfe^Sre n*
that which, has already The The passed the senate
g he be e apartment enacted enacted into-few. in to-few; £Zid i?sllf creation creation of of such
a de in be csefiiJ&iria an ad
Supervision Supervision vane vane* toward dealing tvitli hild
l over ever the the whole whole subject subject of of the tho
great sr cllt corporations corporations doing doing fnd an an interstate interstate tim
business, business and and with with this this ‘'which^couir^in' end in in view tho
creased wUlf'ifrge^po^erf congress with large should powers, *««*» experience endow which might -w the couid department show be tSi the in¬
ssr need. hopg iinhe as “ B,
I 1 t Hope gnnn feoon Soon to to submit submit to to tho the senate senate a a
reciprocity reciprocity treaty treaty with with Cuba. Cuba. Or. ~ May 20
last last the the United United States States kept kept its its promise to
the island by formally vacating Cuban soil
and turning Cuba over to those whom her
orVr
‘be ground that Cuba must hereafter have
c! oser political relations with us than Cuba with
nny “‘her power. Thus in a sense
hns become a part This of our lntenitttiottal
{yditical that In return system she should makes be given it necessary some of
J he benefits of becoming part of our too-
po Point, m , J° a system. shortsighted It Is, from and mischievous out- oWtl stand- tool-
'ey to fail to recognise this need. and More-
ovor , *t Is unworthy of a mighty gen-
erous nation, itself the greatest and most
successful republic in hind history, to ref usd to
stretch out a helping to a young and
weak sister of Independence. republic just entering should upon al-
»* career We
the wavs face fearlessly of insist and upon We our fehduld rights with in
the strong,
Ungrrudgin# hand 1 do mir generous duty
by procity the Weak. with Cuba urge tho only adoption because of reel- it is
not
eminently for market our own and interests by to control to
tho Cuban every means
foster our supremacy in the tropical lands
^o shouid 1 oTthe ?i^1 Wll’c^o^The^orfh
make all ottf bister nations of tho
American continent feel that whenever
they will permit it we desire to show our-
selves disinterestedly and effectively their
friend.
A convention -noth Great Britain has
, been concluded, which will bo at once laid
before the senate for ratification, provid-
't^Ttto'' ran^on EuljStantlalfvthc /inUed Stote."^Newfound' lt/Vs
"tlon formerfv nekotiat^ of the^ tlm lecrel con
tarvo? v Bfainc to ?S-
trader-elation^ state Mr "be I greatly believe,
rocal will to the
advantage civilization of both countries.
As grows warfare becomes
less and relations. less the normal condition of for-
eign ihe last century has
been a marked diminution ot wars be-
tween civilized powers. Wars with un-
t'lvllised international powers aro police largely duty, more essential matters for
°*
‘ho welfare of the world. Wherever pos-
slide arbitration or some similar method
should be employed in lieu of war to .settle
difficulties between civilized nations, ai-
though as yet the world has not pro-
grossed sufficiently to render It possible
or necessarily desirable to invoke arbjtra-
tlon in every case. Tho formation of the
International tribunal which sits at The
Hague is iln event of good omen from
which great consequences for the welfare
of u'l mankind may flow. It Is far better
Where possible to invoke such a perma-
nent tribunal than to create special arbi-
trators for a given purpose.
It is a matter of sincere congratulation
10 0,,r country tiiat the United States nnd
Mexico should have been the first to use
tho good offices of The Hague court. Tiffs
was done last summer with most satis-
factory results in the case of a claim at
ins»o between us and our sister republic.
It is earnestly to be precedent hoped that for this others, first
f 380 will serve as a
lu which not only tho United States but
foreign nations may take advantage of
«je machinery alreafiy In existence at
The Hague. considers-
I commend to the favorable
tlon of the congress thc Hawaiian (Ire
claims, which were the subject of carefui
Investigation Jho during has wisely the last provided session.
congress that
wo shall build at once an isthmian canal,
if possible at Panama. The attorney gen-
era! reports that we can undoubtedly ac-
quire good title from the French Panama
canal company. Negotiations are now
pending with building Colombia the canal. to secure This her canal as-
B '‘ut t0 ° ,Jr
will he one of the greatest engineering
feats of the twentieth century, a been greater
engineering feat than has yet ac-
compUatied during the history of mankind,
The work should be carried out as a con-
tinuing policy without regard to
of administration, and which it should will be make begun
tinder circumstances it
a matter of pride for ail administrations
to continue the policy.
The canal will be of great benefit to
America and of importance to all the
world. It will bo of advantage to us in-
itary position, it will be of advantage to
'he countries of tropical America. It Is
earnestly to be hoped that all of these
countries will do as some of them have
already done with signal success rand will
Invite to tlieir shores commerce and im-
prove their material conditions by recog-
n ' zin B ,h: -‘ stability nnd order are tho
Prerequisites No Independent of nation successful In America development, need
have the United the slightest States. tMt It behooved *t. aggression h from pno
to maintain order within Its own border??
end to discharge Its Just obligations to
forelgtiefP. assured When, that, be this »h*y la «tr«*ng done, they weak, can
rest or AimidM
they have nothing to dread lrotfi
Interference. More and more the 1 norms-
mterfiauoilfli jng Interdependence ,political and hihI economic complexity rela- of
tions render it lftOinti.betU on oil all the civilized
and orderly powers to insist proper
policing of the world.
ftas? During the fall of 1901 a communication
.'Mdrmraed to tha secretary of state
asking whether p*tMi«sl©n would be
T r,anted fov tho president to u Corporation Calf-
0 i av a ca ble from Philippine a point on Islands the by
fornla, jf tfoast to tho A statement of condl-
way tfhloK <mch
tions or terms undertake upon and corpora- S$fate
tlon would to lay
& Tbaftmudf onble wqs volunteered
veT ^ as the congress was shortly to
f,een con tho'subjoct of
fr«,.*M*rfl,llon k’t’WM by tho
consvesB Jne f or several years, it t,o
fkm'until wl«« fr> fator conurcss^lrid action umm (ht* nnnllc-t-
J the l K ' con |hS*ccfnSrlS first 1 ifliSSSiS an obnor
teilna t u * S?r5n l#?vfS2^hS ^ffVtVtnn^n
Shloh If “ atoSd stood 1 when " lun the tae onnero^ congress ton- '
v «2t d :
clal W^anwUUe,It 1 acnic , Cab?. appears *'Xmpnny that had the ^ Commer- promptly
proceeded with propar■*vtiv»n^ made application for laying Uh
cable. U also of to
president for access to and use sound-
IPgs taken by the United States discovering steamship
Hertl for the . purpose fof ft. fr/insnacirlc of cable, a
practicable the rout... urging that ivi .h' aevc^sto
company it could complete its canPI
these soundings than if it required to
much sooner were
t5tko soundings upon its own account,
I cncihiTr *m<jp.dsration impoilant ft^fd of fqslrnble this subject at- It
appeared to
tach certain conditions to soundings the herp(h*^ion it
to examine and use tho it
should Irt bo granted. of this solicitation of the
C/uyaequence ii* Certain conditions
cable onnpa wh/ch ^he; . president were
formulated, allow upon thewS was
willing to access to landing
i„p S and to consent to tho
laving: of the coble, thereto subject imposed to any altera- i>v the
tions or additions “fh ” i-as
confrKS" cdc.;4 deemed : proper rabid esne-
daily as it wn3 witti »ho t Chinn a con- for-
nection of some kind «
cisen country iouree was a Dart moreoverTic- of the
plan This was precedents’
eordance f ,? ihreal-v-o? with a lineof iletion inelud-
Svenih Urant'n tiihio fcSniatnad in tiio case
orthe llrst annuai ‘ lai^q^o to the
rnneros* in l.*q rind or Dp-
comber 1S7B the instance Wide occuirliu* irom
in 1879 of the second Frencli
Brest to St Pierre * with a branch u to
f*nno r^’ Coil
vom?ittons m<^cnbea, nr ,„ rr n V ui among oth-
cr things, a maxim irrt r^te. for £’ f, cMner-
c messages and that trie company
shouia , construct a line from tno i inup-
pine Islands to China, there being at pres-
I?I s X ^ 1 known, a British line from
t Hon^Kong.
Tho lcept represeniatlvfta these conditions of. the long cnplc Tihdef* .compa- boy-
ny the meantime id
Bideration, continuing the In
prepare for laying cable. They have,
however, at length acceded between to them, Pacific and
an all American line our
coast and the fhineoa empire by way of
Honolulu and the Philippine is expected Island/? vVithiri is
thus few provided months for be and ready for business.
a to
Among the conditions is one reserving
the power of the congress to modify or re-
P’hti ally or all of them. A copy of the
conditions is herewith ifahsrufltted. fdfta? ,
Of Porto liico It is only necessary
that the prosperity of the island and the
wisdom with .which it has been governed
have been such as to make it serve ai^an
®nlM#l«o%- of. all that la h,rst in
On July 4 lust, on tho one fmmfre* khd
nesty tW? on^inalven^Sm, promulgated in peace* the Philippine and am-
Ulandl were trSuble from
Some has since
time to time tJureatcned with thd the Moham-
incdan Ivloros, but with late TiaVfntPly insuiTec-
tionary Filipinos the war iteoh
ceased Infey^sucli riviJ c-overnment has now
AoiMkolsita&i r^Ms^^i^lilS? FX
the" tne islands isiaiius, fmt but ?hc tiiu rtermW* s ( {>i , "fnkert fakpn,. .sell irk ap 4 *>
whole, now enjoy a measure that giantcd of to gov
ernment greater th.m any
other orientals by any foreign power and
greater than that enjoyed by any other
k&hJrJt
l‘ was wise or just to go. fo hurry mat-
‘era to go faster than we are now going,
Would entail calamity on the people into ot
by -bd tho Waildh. No people pi,Hr- has pvi» vindicate!! entered It-
American
self In mnro signal manner than the poll-
JJf f y 1 ?,, oj 1 . i 0 .?! L4,"^ / i/ 1 10 /i?, f, hl1 ppl ?, c / ?i 16 V)“ trlurnp trl ,' b
tit our . nr laws and principles, has expect come noon- foo
er than wo had any right to to
much praise cannot be given tho army
for both what it has and done in the nh adminlstja- Fhillppln-s,
standpoint, In warfare preparing from, tin, for
tive In way
Civil government, and r.lmiiar credit bo-
longs to tnc civil authorities the for the way
In pelf which they have In * he planted ground thus seeds made of
government
ready for endurance, them. The the courage, high soldierly the effl- un-
flinching cioucy and the general kind heartedness
and humanity ot our troops have been
strikingly manifested. There now remain All
only couirThir^h^e''beefi some ir..M8 troops i« the Islands.
1 HSlvldSu In-
Stances of wrongdoing among thorn. They
warred under fearful difficulties of cli-
mate and surroundings, and under the
strum ot the terrible provocations which
they continually received Wile! from ietdlialiori their foes
occasional instances of
occurred. Eyefy effort has been made to
prevent such cruelties, and finally these /
S iT»™S Aewroi'igjoers i ) mXm
tect and punish for"" After
maklhg remainBrue all allowance S misdeeds
it instances few indeed have been
the In which war has bcoji
waged by a civilized power against where Semi-
civilized or barbarous forces by there vie-
has been p 11 11ie,wrong' 1 o 1 ng the
tors as In tho I hllippine Islands. On tho
other hand, the amount of difficult, impor-
tant and beneficent work which has been
done la well nigh incalculalils,
Taking the Work of tha c.rtny nnd tho
Civil authorities anywhere together, it else may In bo .modern ques-
t oned Whether better
times the World bus scafiin statesmanship exiim-
p!<J of real constructive the Philip-
than our people 1mve given should n ulso bo
pine Islands. High praise
given those Filipinos — In the aggregate
very numerous—who have accepted tho
new conditions and With joined hearty with our good repre- will
ccntatlves to work
tor the Welfare of the islands.
the army has been reduced to the mini-
mum allowed by law. It Is very small for
the size of the natiolt and most certainly
Hhould be kept at the highest point of effl-
ciency. The senior officers arc given scant
chance under ordinary conditions to ex-
creise commands commensurate with tlieir
rank under circumstances which would lit
Ihom to do tlieir duty In time of actual
war. A system of little maneuvering our army be-
In bodies of some size lias burn
Jfttn nnd should be steadily continued,
M Ithout mieli maneuvers it hoatllltfes is folly to cx-
poet that In the event of with
any serious foe even a small army corps
could be handled to advantage. Both our
otlleers and enlisted men arc such that
we can take hearty pride in them. No
hotter material can he found. But they
must be thoroughly trained, both ns indl-
viduais and iri tho mass, t he marksman-
ship of the men must receive special at-
tention. In the circumstances of modern
warfare the man must act far more on
bis own Individual responsibility than
ever before, and tho high Individual cf11-
ciency of the unit is of the utmost im-
portance. Formerly this unit was the
regiment. It Is now not tho regiment, Ts tho ihdi- not
even the troop or company; it
vldual soldier. Every effort must he made
to develop every workmanlike and sol-
dlerly quality in both the officer and tho
enlisted man.
I urgently call your attention to the
need of passing and for a bill the providing reorganization for .a gen- of
era] Staff
tho supply departments on the lines of tho
bill proposed When by the secretary of war last
year. the young officers enter the
army from West Point, tin y probably other
stand above their compeers in any
made by training, by reward of merit, capacity. by
scrutiny Into tlieir careers and
to keep them of the samo high relative
excellence throughout their careers.
The measure providing 1 for the reorgan*
ization of the militia system and for so-
curing tho highest efficiency la the nation-
nl guard, which has already passed the
^-tlon. should receive greafjmHortancs jlrompt attention
and It is of that
the relation of in# r.*>Mortal glinrd to tho
mllltlu and volunteer forcV? the United
ft tutus-should be defined and thru ft) plaeo
of btfr efficient nresont •* obsolete Altould lawn bo adopted. a practical
and , y*trn\
Provision should b'F fnuda to enable tho
secretary of war to keep ud.1 fw iHt*V»un- and ar-
HHwftr of horses 1b*v, worn out horses In long
nnoo Such letch but a
trifle when hOiCl; -*rtv1 rather than turn
thorn when thus out to disposed tho misery of ii would «.waiting batter them
>»,*
t<* VoM* employ ftntf thorn when at light work around thehi Hv*
Aftfetli. necessary to put
painlessly For the to time Ut hts'ory naval
first our
Maneuvers on a large scab hr* ‘ utuf held
nilraf huder the Immediate command or f re mi-
6f the ,navy. Constantly Incveaslug
attention Jn utlh<f paid ycl to Ur the gunrerv or
the navy, but it is from what it
should be. 1 earr.catly urgd ih*t‘ the in-
navv’ *,..*.,«<> {$ naked for by tho seeretan of tho
marlummuilta f ho appropriation 'hi granted. for improving In battle
tho
Gu- only shots that toimf arc tho shoos
that hit. It is necessary with the to jireVMo Cbbsin ample
fumin for nractlce ureat
n5t time ortlv^for Itt* These funds mos* nro&Ptllro provide
allowVnces ®ur<*hn«e ?Sf of
but for rrels 8 ^!! tul»ea to encom-
b^ntora^and n?o the m n uorfacting ♦» u, Kllv luttlUiSnt tiie *rmi
* for whlchaloneft an la
n?5J »osaible poMlbl ° lo
-tu*
AjJgJ.® 8 ™ ; ^ ?hft mfvv Hh halt h^ivllhur tn ihn wrrt- nf
h culld:'U> tr‘ l, L Ra >>* *3L evorv
\ L{i * autlitioiial fighting craft. are «i
tty r,r V 22 ll i l r Ki vast j n ,‘ xtt ‘nt of
tor > tlYS » great * in population. . i\ country.
moreover, wmfcn hrtft #111 army’ dlmlnutivo
indeed when compared vah> that or any
\ cr " rs i c,ass P° r wcr- vv '* ■■■■> 1 ..V"
atciy maae our own certain . loroign pou-
y*** V f ' onia V, d fhe possession of a
nrst cmjw tmvy. Ine . Isthmian canal vvill
Sjcatiy increase th^ fcijicicr.cy ot our navy
JJ tho na X- v * s °‘ sumcit-nf jw;*, hut ii wo
}l a ' 0 j^p, lna «* equate naj.v t un. -he hit Id-
canal would be merely al Mig n
n!\ h & Q ;'F 4 ? n «? B, VYT !»•
A ,ie A *°! l rn should bo treated ns
tho cai^lnol 1 . f tot farfi rrf American foreign
J :° H) nfiR ort * U A it ^ unless would wo be Intended irt )*a.ck R j d \9 it
'!’■ .«>><» f- be jolted up only !-.r n
.ho'oajrh., ^ood navj. A good tuny Id
n, t 11 i’loroo.ittvc of tear, it in the surest
Kunranty of nmift*. of 6tir should
Each individual unit fcrtvy *»itardn
, l>o the ntaterjal roost omdent of Us kind ltd ha
Worl.T, and personnel that Is In
a‘tenUo« tonhdM iW ihft rtefxAct I call providing your for special the
.0
of 11,0 ‘rouhlo
«f«itens us If wo cannot (lb betor than
we are now doing as regards seem the
SorVjccsi of a aufllclent number of the high-
Kt M r P^- of sallormon, of sea mechanics.
Tho veteran pcantch of our be warships found are
of as high a. i.vpo aw Hxrt in any
navy which rides tho wufyv* r,»; th« world.
Thoy are unsurpassed in darln,;, ft1 know) for, o-
fdge'bf lution, in readiness, In thorough They 1
their profession. deserve ev-
try cpnards^f tlic-rc aiton that tuiough can bo of shown them. It is
I3ut arc /rot them.
no more possible {ii improy):;o it 'Vursjilp a crew than To
it build is possible the finest to improvise ship, with the (idnd)icst
battery, and to send It afloat with a raw
f?r»w> tto.iitatter ^ohlcl how bt* to brave Insure they disaster were if in-
divloually. capacity encountered. a
foe of average Tan were improvised
Neither ships nor men be
when war has begun. additional office**
We need a thousand
jn prbftoctf. Order, fbf.&hn t-* properly tinder man construction. tho ships now The
classes ar greatly i he /yava^i, Ti/larger). school at A.t Annapolis (he same
should be tile hJUeOra frhere
time that we thus add facilitate fnif
we need them, we should 1 re-
tirerni nt of tliose at the head of the list
Promotion wjibik' . h^efidpespt znusft be has fostered become if the impaired. service
Is to be kept efficiorif. of and
. JThc lamentable scarcity <Tfic>fs. and 0*
the large number of recruit a Aboard v.n- the
Skilled tnon necessarily put
1(irowu M^^olir fpnniitd ^/flcor^'and and junior
emdos, especially unusual oft the. loboV Men &hi htiktiMU**
gravely strained their power# ot hdrlUr-
a nee. Nor is there sign of any imril^dtate'
letup in this strain. 7t must continue f »r
tsomif tirri# ibhOff**’ until more officers are
conduct ss»8J«a*s«»Js>tt of all our officers has been crcd-
bt , . ?.([?J . , a-, h / /;ri £„)■( . h.,v£ ,!i!.
Jy r fn 1 ./•;#•....| r I'hpor-
played , - an ; ability Oi d h pto.uWint „1 1 choor-
fulnca which entitle them (o : mi«n^m4
^ i# 4 J JS
that this stale of things hlfiy c.nthrh. nail tile
way ‘o insure its continuance hi to i.rotldrf for n
thoroughly efficient navy The refwel to maun
tain sue U « navy would Invito troul,.-, nml if
femtf*4imrt«lahl i ' 1c ,L, 4 ), ^ivLl* 4 J-,'h ,'i’i /rid '
.,, H, /narton hcih ,/-'i tl/t f V/nf-ri- i,
‘ cOuw. fviucv
c C1 . "- e h n .“* ««>..n ho ,( lh m u , (U | in ; *■ >. inr frl
Vsmilly m.crtwdnl hv by. o “ mad nwd 7S- riank. ot ot iijutcrKiii l yZUl ...
Ivar once the trials Us art™l y arrisrd.
T/',?'S/X . lll L “‘''V i?, tn,L;Jr,v',w /" / ii ,V.J
f" 1 V" r t 'mty oi it.- to.
U HS', < '™ fc,r
iiS. th ™S **„!£,rUnll so nnw'wtHJii'pr m-t /, / .t.'.it •
vnlpLJ'!;,/!'v/SJ*. thl fnrcrtlt ,1 ‘inr'rc.lpk
11*1 ffirrl' ^i.pnorViii nnwn in
of ll° r* Vpt* ,,<1*.
of fLf t v,i,; ho^i.nHro orefl c e w bcT r^rtn?? urmoar frou. vuLr
Iri.ViL 7n nffitnl «o^7 1 for the * laou
m $2\ lr£ Sri m a Kw la no Jflf longer i In <!,e
Mlcv.
Se fn/its VbeTonarin" cBfal 1 Le^laig/ ,‘l v/t< a^o'niwUjmn? fiior['
S-otko Hd yiH.ut Tn r“tofike a roc/'pts Tha
“ho yearly toram i/r in
“Stf mral dis rieta of abTc the countis about 2 “o
^ Wv o« now fpfgj flee by actual service results,
^ hcrt delivery nt‘as him
i Kon t . qp, |, ; ,j p, N , -n call in >'nal.lo
„ U t k ftimparisons /o tho yearly / increase lias
hmvard of oer cent M
°P ,"V, ' V'" 11 ' \ r et - r
roul °? ,,ad bce n «‘»bllah<nl and wore In npcrnUom . thd
«?»*«»» »■«“» , t »nc-*lnrt of the I cm lory of
* ^“jet /naf/lhent R 'Jth^o ‘aVo'how prlitions awallilng fliipflraikn” llTacIloil'
^ additiunai ohd rdU&V forthn
of Tlds
,| 10ws conclusively the want which the catobllslc
m0 „t 0 f t j,«rvlce lias met and tlie need of hir-
Ul<T cxten <lin K it as rapidly at p » ibie. It is
judifled hntli Ly thc financial n.-dlts ami Iry the
iraclioal bcneflla to live pur rural the pomilutlon; ml! chine it
brings lire men who oil world; into it keeps
rclallonn wit), the active InMnm
the farmer In daily touch with th.- ruarlvta; it Ii
a potential cducatiurml fore; It enhauros the
value of furw property, makes farm life far
pk-aEuntcr and lira ieolaicd, and will do much tu
deck tlio undesirable current from country to
city. It is to he hoped that tlio conp-reM will make
liberal appropriations lar (lie coriiipuam- of the
service already established and for'Ha further ex
tension. of importance have been
Few nuhiecta more than
taken up by the congress In recent yenra aided
tho inauguration of the system of nationally
Irrigation for the arid regions of Hie far West.
A good beginning therein lias h-en made. Now
that lid# policy of naiionni irrigation lias been
ailoptod tbo need of thorough ami scientific forest
protection will grow more rapidly than ever
throughout the public land states.
Legislation should he prove .d for the protec-
tion of the game and the wild creature* g<ncr-
“by on the for- at reserves, the wruvltt# pmtc< »!“"*h- iion h'.
ter of gome, which can hy Judicious
pennan.-i.tly preserved on "nr oat oual k w
for the people as a whol., ff,oild U m.ppd at
oner, t h for
0lir national good on*- B to puir.it u.c J '« <?r
{’fUiiM Fauliful creature St , M~ ,c S« as n, t tut l m e,k“ elk for tor It*''a tta atm niit-ra ta 1 or
tu ™"- „*fi liable for e-rlrulhiro end
8 ° l‘! " %* rc 1r "^,)"V,i “ °"
towhatevw , n l extent they r ' ^ 1 n r
tlio nahonal Inlea ion law, im r nia j i u< i u() i0 i
!?/Tt/r ) “ who five* on ”,/. hi# hnd’and for land no law otia
"n/e l ihr tla'- dr, i commutation t
y au ,T 0 ?- f the ' e H homrotcaTiaw law and Vvo been *o ,<r-
.Heted^aT , h h . *Dcmiit intention with which they of were
to 2ufKe ij,c acutitoltlon hr ill or
"u’^'and the on./ucntprc^tlon onnln fw other than a
tbc .L >roaVl,ing of scttl-
f i/ f ^» a[)I P exhaustion of
he p ul) c „ 0) pas of late led to much dis-
ensskm a« to the brut manner ot using these chiefly pub-
jfo lands in thc west which are suitable or!
only for grazing. The sound arid steady develop-
me ,,t r,t the went depend# upon thc building up
ot i,tlon home# therein. Much ol operation our prosp-rity of lorn- a# a
ha* been due to the the
stead law. On the other hand, wo ikould reeog-
nine the faet that in the homestead!r grazing region tie: be man
who corresponds to the ui-y uri-
the same oinount of padure land 'uat hr. I.roth'-r.
the homesteader, is allowed to use of arah land
One hundred and sixty acre* of fairly rich and, of
well watered sol! or a much .mailer amount
irrigated land may keep a family in pl«r»ty, vdi r *
a# no one could get a living from .10 acre# ot
dry pasture land capable of support.ng at the
outilo* only oiw head of i»Ul««o twi/ten acr.,
have In tlis been past fen grat mi is tract* by (tenons of t.u. havii-g p« jli.- no a ...-.n title
their U'. h direct tkwTnme of (ft« law forbidding
the iminteitffwe or construction of ilnr such un-
lawful Incloeurrf t>f public land, Eo / various
reason* there baa l MV little interference with
mu!i tnrloawre in the paw, but ample notice has
a w in. Jr? «jvcn the treppasssri, and all tho re-
murces at the r-aremand of the gervemment will
hcrcoft*r be used eaptt:i/ td fmt> a atop to such of tfetpsmng. there
*n view of the J»VipoTtanee the consideration mat*
I ^«mutcnd tlu-m to e.tm-st diffi-
of the and if th? coHtfres* finds
culty in deal If nr ><.bh them from reoemrufad Jaw of that thorough
limn. I d-c c .f the tV b * I cxptfti pro-
vision he made f. r a eahirr.i-ision of *po-
dally ip investigate and wfwft upon th# com*
pllcaUd qncsHcua involved, of
1 rsneci.illy ep>n tho congregj the need
who loglslntlon l' ? AI.r-ka. It is not tv ou£
cr '-llt u» a nation that which has beer*
ohfv for thirty-five y*m«, sfivvlhj itill have as poor
a rysbv. •» i : ;w» n » i.« tl»o cow. N«> .country has
* !'*'• v i« mineral wealth, in
le-• nfm forints ami aeo in land available*
, r ,vrt,,i, ‘ i hals^f farming and atock growing,
’• n fvvi> ,y of piVut ahtc and varied tc-
< ", v • 11 'h'-A -npi-oit .1 Ilarge permunont and
bUll) l”'l ■■huhai. p*->\i.I.> . *..,*» for howsiun-lA ■> good and land prc-amptloua law
t-»
i: vi!! ‘'**coma.?p permanent ecttlement. We
» hw V M tha » ,e »»«' l^iMatkin r,hh n view tenitory, net to hut the
' nbnndoniag ci the
tot’ r i:,> <,f home* therein. 'Iceland
Inv/a Mmuld he bh,*ral in typo, so « ( ! to hold out
bh'n:ccnioiitn to the actual nuttier whom wo moat
M*-•-he to w tafco potion of th? eovntry. The
,,f Alaska should be protected, and, ns >t
' but Mill important n ntt.r, tho gamt
«!•'. «ml nf Mini•• tion* it is Imperative timber, that 1
the rrt tiers should allowed to cut i:n-
|Iir ., rop( ,. regulatiofN, for tlieir own use. Law
ei».-*»jkj bo enacted to protect the Alaskan raltnort
g. '(/*’••. # ainat tho gro >d which would destroy
thin, ‘tiu-* I should be pivserved Their •}* u management permamut
industry sun should h*i ply. tile commis-
«nd control tuv;u?d over to ehould
p t on of fish and flsberlt'A Alaska have a
dVhgMP' in the ron 1 • . if w-»uld be well if a
cos^r.>:>**"•; \ vominittei* could vwit Alaska and
j ;;i .Mi-ate ltd ft on the ground, should be
p, do;ilinr wit fl»« lndian» our aim
their ultima to absorption into the body of our
fwople, but in many mars this absorption must
^ ffhoalil to very Mow. In portions of the in¬
diati 'Vettiun* Out mixture ef bio Ad Mo me on
at 1,18 sanlc ***** w ’ t!l Progress in wealth and
education, mo lliflf there art- plenty of men with
, !ir ilmf . ,t imrlu ;-( Indio., W.jkI who
»■,■ . -ti -oluudv aa.l imushiifcidshfiblr in point ot sod«l, while
p.ilib .ii Hwwm ability from tlieir
lariat,.* ^irre pefcepHble are other advance tribes wMeh toward have mid, as
jct made nd tuch tubes faet is
equality, To try t« f«ra* too
to prevent their going l«or*ril at all. Moreover,
the tvthea live under widely dh.reut condition..
Where a trlle haa made eonsTOwjble advance and
liv.-a on fertile lunife lara-lng roll it is HvMible to is allot the
tha taembero in aeveralty There am ol!»«r a* trlboa
caw with white seitlct*. are
where tsacli u eotim* is rwt *'<& Irable. On tlio
u,Ui prsirlo lands th* iiFort sltaold ho to induce
the Indian* to lead i-nMorpl rather than at^wnl- •fc'
tural lives Htt<\ to permit them to rattle vil-
hvjat rather than to» force them into isolation,
Tito largo Indian srlioom situated remote from
any Indian reservation do tt hub tpecial and peculiar though
worts of great importance; ««cvllent
these tiie t an immense amount of additional wc/k
must he dene on the reservations tberrwcl/ea
among tho old, above ail, among the young
Indiana. step toward tho
Tin* first and moat Important teadi imn to
absorption of the Indian is to to he anumed earn 1
hi.* firth#* yet it is not necessarily mint become
that in eh’cb enmimmlty all Indians
either tllkrs Oi the mil or «ock raisers. r >icir
industries may properly he diversified, and those
who show special desire <>c nursuita Adaptability should for be JnUus-
trial or even commercial on-
<•*-uragred so far as practicable to follow out cacti
his owif bent. develop the In¬
Kvrry ell or t ramdd be imele to
diun along' the lufa natural aptitude and to;
entourage the existing flattrt? inuustrlrs peculiar,
to certain ttibea, Bucb an [»* v «nou» Uinus of
brsket weaving, canoe building, Mjlih work and
bliuiKut work. Above all. the Indian boys and
furls should bff given confident command of col*
biquial J-rngllsIi and aho^d ordinarily bo
widch vigorous their stnigfeU U Vrith rather than tor _hnm*di;
peon live devel0i,e<1
»'« *!*** lon u “° ’ ome ,aor#
*"
dealing willi tho indiaiifl wciricunui Ji Bird condl-
g* >'« v$ render it
<« ; *y to do wrnn#^.ind very mmc ut (o to detect utte t
Conjequei.tly they sliouj lx? l«* amply d p
T 1 and oh the other■ •
t wultirty find' standard of conduct hIiouIo ba dc-
™-nf Zm *
A Mirr^irss'rs.w edcirtiflc aid m fbe farmhig
tterchy showing them how moist cfli-
i-I-ntly to'Itcb ils tfch.-lv.* fiifjxa'bmce, There for the is nd welfare tort ot of
insisting * upon * j fun ri, ,cn(tfllr iwccwnry to thp
"5,^0111,0 f in lit addition*
repablk* an a
!r:; 8 d i ^ d Jr^v'urbau!Xn”? .M‘SSrlSn?^..^
f , ,« /VUnln- |*V|.I N.-w ccrcils For have iiinmncc, b«m tha establiahad practl-
; c'| „, W west. macaroni
1 li U , producing the best tvpca ot
B| j u „t „„ rainfall of only
l-n im’h.q or iii(Ttil„„i! him hern conclusively
'!■ monstialrd. nirmiuli tlm ini reduction of new of
'Iron i,i f.nuiaiana and Trwi Hie ,>ro<luotion
'•”> i n ‘his country has been made to ohout cquai
fcttro' | n the uout i-wvi-t the La pnsrthil- I,ecu
>y M ,h, over»tock«l rang., lands
r .„ IIJ , limtril "avo ( ( ,( } < Intr/rl.Kcd, <iio nortli many m-w forngo
1,■,m »,<■<-,. while In the cast It
In been dimvii Hint smile of our choicMt fruits
....... «torcd ami ..lii|i,io<l in uuclt a way an to
(;| i| (i nia rlmi ahrnod. ronsidm-
I avail, tmmm ml to the favorable
‘I'm of the the plana of Urn Smltl..v,ulau
lnniitMtlf»u tor makin# tha museum under it.*
chari<** worth;' 1,1 tin* .nation end record# for preserving of tlw
at t\i« national capltol hut hot of only lh« flnlrnalfl of this
vanishing rue* k of m«.*n, buffalo, will boj
^nMncr>t which, unW like the which itoon their
come tatlwt f^tltm-ns from
nvrnsenlativcil M«v h, rvnvwcl are sought to n
native regions MM mamtalued there
Ti/’ I,‘miry District of Colurnhla nsllonal is thr OfilV goverumri^ part of,
her kisl in which tin; and wlicrS
excrciVrii ot numicipal functions free bond-
in conranurned the certain toVMmnent types of I,os «oelal a arid cco-)
in reference to essentially local,
numic leeislalion which must ht
or i.i inidpal In their character. Tile governmint hvsienW
Miould see to it. tor instance, that tho
a.: I lam'imy leRl.-Iatimi aunting J Vt uahlhgfoh {»'
of a high eliaracter. Tim evils alum dwellings! congested!
wi.eU,,r i„ the simp# of crowded and
, ent Imurc districts or of tho bock alley.
li ■ “ti nift’i/'/iflTnl ?pi/' , rii? ,El b^a moffi7n«mf wlrv
T‘i 2wRl .SI /./e, insl Vst^ms 7he TLw
„i,V rflwld l roet-lvi conaMeraSon nf Il.T
at the handa embody of
n,,, / ’"X - p, the inoit end tiiat ilicy thought may lnthcM
. r ,, the advanced great'
■ M,,re.,\ r wliil > U'a hfnaton fnilu»irtallsm it not a
n on.drtal dty. there is some tvould bens,
, | k-. i luinn, while it not lie
•, ,,„ r ( ar ,t ttseff. inigi-t lie made a model for
rr<l of t |>„ Wo should pats, lor in-
. wi- -mploycr’a liability act fortto DU-I
, f „,t t, act In.
, , t n wc . auu on Dls-I
„ „. 1VV vaf d„, itailroad cumpanics in tha
( ,;, t , t l0 j, c , reinilred by law tu block their
,, . appliance law, for the better pro-'
,a( r .tv d,., )| t, railway cm-!
( j,,, ,, n ,| m a „t
, , ., W l:irh was |kc . d in 1 sou, went Into full
[.gcM nn Auv. 1, IWU. It ha# resulted in avert- I
jn , n ia : ;Eail J, „f casualties. Kxperlenee ilrnu, |
tlr , u,.. necessity of additional legislation
,,, ., rt<( . c . t t |,j, | aw a bill to provide for tills
. ho
.„ JSSf(i t | w s ™ate at the last scstion. It is to
|........ n, a t |; ,mo inch m-asure msy now be en-
,,,; ,i inlo tow. provide for the
is growing tendency documents to tor which!
.|,. jta( j ljn „/ „t of '
' t)j public dei: and and lot the printing
. h I10 r „ al neosslty. Large numbers
( | ,, ]||)(| . H „„t by the JwdWcatlon. government
,, r ,. | „ which there is nn
N - , ;,„ u i,i |„. printed by any of the permanent depart- j
„ „„j. , u *„me(ldng of
, could with advantage cart
,v„, »„j o,e <■■■•'.-ririly all the printing which
" ' ny on Tlio
j( (| „,, w |„ U jme customary printing to provide. to* strong
r v " 1 '' f k" 7 " '"iiimt
, liviil „,.„t against tlio position of those who aro
i" 1 bned on aUtrart grounds to advocate the gov-
evum-nt’a doing anv wovk which can with pro-
pn-i.v be i-ft u. pr.vate hands. the
(jraiifying la-m.-n■ b.» b-eujmado imaft during mak-
>' 1 >» n, " 1 1 j 1 ot the »y#t«n of
" i;" Int!!, 1 "" l , ‘ ,n th- government service. It
1,1 ' ” ’’ llc <-xtcnd.-d l . by law to the District of Co*
1 h 1 'ba/to ar u ' ^bii.hcd by lav oni a baala
p: '' elmz for appointment and promotion only la
cun# .,f proved hlm-va. Its
' “,/iVhh tlie rongres# at
L V " i H House, which had bccoma
■'^/V/v’b’en r^rtOrtdto , , ■ additions and change#,
L,c now n n r(#to r cri to what wnat it it was was restoration# planned to
in.. 1 '«hiVt’’care 11 ” has ’been enrobe! to come os
; * ; ( '* the early rcfu" plan# and to «udd1#- 'such
{. o',that { (f l y Univer.itvof (a study ot
Sr* b? of the Virginia
..... p , s boi t " y Jefferson ■" Bm00 - The Whito Xlou«
I, the croperty of the nation, and t:o far as is
compatible with living therein it should be kept
“ t.fSiSii.M ll'toigina.™ i#
>< 1 iy ffn.-.iiicity ot it# architecture an ox-
Hion < f tho character of the period m which
it, yh 3 built and is in accord with the purposes
to .# d ii ned to serve, it to a good monuments thin* to
)>>- 'vi-vt* such bmldmg-4 as historic
Will -••) j ' p alive our tense of continuity with tho
‘ vhe’e^rt. nibmUtoti Cl Ihe several tlie executive witii depart- tu*
j nt# (> eon*rc«# JtwaSVWFr-J
tJiamunlKstioji, TUEVPOJIB
VOL. IX. NO. 2.
THIRTEEN ARE DEAD
Frightfully Fatal Boiler Explosion
Occurs iu Chicago.
BIO PACKING PLANT WRECKED
By Carelessnec 0 of Employee In Swift
Company’s Factory Many Souls
are Hurled Into Eternity
Without Warning.
With a deafening report a boiler in
Swift & Co.’s plant at Chicago explod¬
ed shortly after io o’clock. Saturday
morning. Thirteen lives wore sacri¬
ficed, and scores of employees, visitors
and others were Injured. Huge boil¬
ers were sent, through the roof of tho
structure and hurled hundreds of .eet.
Nobody within the boiler room sur¬
vived to tell the story of the accident.
Five minutes after the explosion
nothing of the building but a pile of
twisted Iron, bricks and mortar re¬
mained .
Sheets of flame sprang from tho
ruins and the spectators realized that
it would bo impossible to save the
lives of those who were caught iu tho
wreck. The explosion was of such,
force that adjoining buildings were
wrecked, torn and twisted like toys.
Men, women and hoys at work in ad¬
joining departments were hurled
thnough windows to the ground below.
Many of them escaped with but slight
bruises, but most of io victims were
hurt to such an extent that, it was
necessary to remove them to hospitals.
Others were taken to their homes.
(IVild Rumors. fifty to
It was rumored that, xrom
ono hundred persons had been caught
in tho wrecked building. This report,
caused groat excitement, and repeat¬
ed calls were sent for police and ambu¬
lances. A dozen patrol wagons and aR
many ambulances were sent from all
parts of the city. Extra calls for the
fire department followed and soon the
flames were being fought from every
side. While the fire was Still burning,
police, firemen and employes of the
packing firm began digging in tlio
ruins.
Bodies torn, bruised and mangled
woro taken from the debris and sent
to the morgues. A boy, scalded from
head to foot and bleeding from cuts
and bruises, staggered toward the of¬
fice of General Superintendent, Young.
The boy was Mr. Young’s personal
messenger, Tlio Jad, however, had
been so badly 'disfigured tiiat Mr.
Young did not recognize him.
It 1 b not thought that the loss to
Swift & Co. will amount to more
than $50,000.
Carelessees of Employee.
A vigorous examination with a view
to determining tho cause which led to
the, explosion was begun Sunday hy
mechanical experts, representing tho
city and private Interests. Although
those conducting (he investigation
were reticent in discussing the pi’og-
ress of the work, the intimation given
was in accord with the original thoo*
ries of (he accident, that Water Tend¬
er Owens, who paid the po,nally of
death for his supposed carelessness,
was responsible for tho catastrophe.
The great force produced hy the explo¬
sion and other deductions led to tho
conclusion that (he water had been al¬
lowed to get, low in thc boilers and
that when an effort was made to sup¬
ply the deficiency the explosion, result¬
ing in the demolition of the plant, fol¬
lowed.
BOODLER KELLY SURRENDERS.
R Meturns e turna to ro St. oi. Louis « to Answer Bad
Charges Against Him.
Charles F. Kelly, speaker of tllO
hoUSO of drdi'irntOR ueiegatCB of Of St HI.. Louis LOUIS, Mo, m ,
V/ho WHS arrested in Philadelphia as
nn an aIIege<l nilngpii fugitive rUg,tlV ° from ' just ice, * ’ was
arrkiglHld in tllO Ceniral poltCC , COUft
, 1,1 v Hnturrlay and held to
' -
await the arrival Of requisition . pa-
PCTS from f „ nnl Missouri. M , SHn1ir .
Previous to tho hearing the aiith.ir-
1 ties offered „ , Kelly .. ,, tfic oppoi tunny mltv to to
represented l)V counsel ' hut ho
1 1 1, . ,
this right, saying . , ho would rc-
waived
turn to SL I.ouia without resistanre,
ami would secure counsel when he-ar-
rived in that city.
BISHOP IN POLICE COURT.
Colored Divine Fined for Bad Conduct
. °y * Qav avannBn ,„__ h Recorder,
Bishop (}. W. McLemoro, Colored of
me . evangelical SilCttUM.l8t chUTCb. , . -was
fj ncd | 15 |„ po |j ce court at Savannah,
<>a., Wmincstlay . morning lor tiisorder-
ly conduct
He was said to have attacked his
ul (f - JI1 j 1 assal| »o-<ut"wa , ted a ttiiu , Ikiinii „ 0 | ntod <1 . a u pis „is-
t ol at her sister. The trouble arose
fi bin m-it-ilal mailtal Irnuhlou IiouIiIlh I I. ,i two. wo,,n n tho ihr,
bishop * and his wife, ill which the fanl-
tlv Of tho wofo took a hand,
__ __
COSTLY BLAZE IN __________ GREENSBORO,
_____
Alabama Town Suffers Loss of $150,000
In conflagration.
Fire broke out in the opera house
at tho town of Greensboro, Ala., Tues-
(lay, and before it could bo extinguish-
e .i tho opera house and six stores were
destroyed.
Th cont ents of all the stores were
completely destroyed, and lt is , thought
that tho loss will reach in the negll-
borhood of $150,000, which Is only par-
tlalty goreied by iasur^uce.