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■:£ w- O *"“3 to \* Union. By the UNION PUBLISHING COMPANY. VV. F. Bowers. E. Bowers. PHONOGRAPHY. Among the arts that are strictly the invention of the last few cent uries is the very important one of shorthand. It is impossible to say how much we owe to this valuable invention. Suppose lor example that mankind had all the speeches, ver batim et liberatiui, of Demosthenes— .he fiery orations of his great rival, Eschinee—of Cicero and Hortensius; had the shorthand proceedings of the Great Councils of the Fathers of the Church; the debates in the British Parliament prior to the great Civil War; the speeches of those giants, Harley, Shaltsbury, Pulteney and others up to the time of Chatam; the immortal orations of Patrick Henry, Fisher Ames and iSamnei Adams in the pre-Revolutionary times; the famous speech of Aaron Burr on leaving the Senate of the Uuited States—all these speeches and proceedings if given us at full length and minute detail would be of price¬ less value to this generation. Sup pose for example we had a ste¬ nographic report of Paul’s addresses to the Athenians on Mars Hill, or more valuable still, a shorthand report of the Sermon on the Mount and the sacred talks of Jesus with the people of Judea. How inesti inabiy precious w^uldsuch shorthand be. It is interesting to note how earn est were the efforts of mankind to attain this great desideratum and bow blind and struggling were the steps towards this end. Modern phonography really dates from the days of the elder Pitman in the early part of this Century, but Pit¬ man’s system was puerile compared to what is the degree to which the art has now advanced. Take for. example the latest improved system, beyond which it is hard to imagine any lurther perfection can be reached, the Acme system of Phonography. This system, invented by Mr. F. J. Mulvey, of this city, who has long been regarded as one of the most expert stenographers in the world, an eminent member of the Institute Stenograpbiqne des Deux Mondes ol Paris, and a gentleman of high in¬ tellectual ability, has.effected a won¬ derful revolution in the art. Up to the date of Mr. Mulvey’s invention the acquisition of Shorthand as a practical measure was a work pi years—a work, moreover, involving the most laborious toil. It was far more difficult than the acquisition ol a new tongue. Hence so few men and women became practical short¬ hand writers of value. Ail this has been changed by the Acme system. A thorough knowledge of the art and science of phonography caw be obtained under the Acme system in sixteen lessons and proficiency ac¬ quired in two or three months This statement seems incredible to those persons, who under the old systems, had to spend years in the severest study and practice before they were able to report a speech fully and correctly. But the facts remain as we have stated. Indeed so utterly superior are the merits of the Acme system, that wherever intro¬ duced, it has completely driven out all other systems. It is eminentl) for practical work. A knowledge of the principles involved iu the Acme system ol phonography can be learned in a few minutes and their reduction to application in almost as short a time. Students of this system go to work reporting fully and faithfully from the very beginning It is indeed a marvelous discovery—and we think the very perfection ol phonography .—Nutional Republican The new Gerrard gun is a terror. You pull a trigger and one drop ol condensed carbonic acid enters the chamber. Its pressure drives out the bullet with a continually accelerated velocity. There is uo flush, no report, 1.0 smoke. This silent gun ran stretch you dead at a distance ol 1,200 yards. A dangerous weapon for assassins. WEST BOWERSYILLE. GEORGIA. ATOUST 9, 1890. ; ; a;£5SB3£ J r v . m ■mm. M s wot 18 pi g mm am flip: I & GEN. PHILIP IL SHERIDAN. Born March 6, 1S31. This great warrior and statesman, the present commander ol the United States army, is of small stature. He was one of the most dashing officers during the war of the Rebellion, and was the idol of his men, to whom he imparted much of his vim. Born of Irish parents at Somerset, Ohio, Sheridan, as a boy, had but few opportunities. The family was poor and his school days were few. He was always a leader among his associates, however. His time when not at school or engaged in doiug chores, was largely devoted to the juvenile show business, where a charge of from three to five pins constituted the admission fee. Phil was invariably the ‘‘slack-rope per¬ former,” and if a menagerie was attached he performed the feat ol going into the “lions den,” which was a large box with wooden slats nailed on the front side and generally con¬ tained two or three dogs and a number of cals. He also took a great fancy to drilling, and had a company of eighteen or twenty ol playmates. His old playmates and the older people general y eay he has a mania for riding vicious horses, aud, although young and small for his age, he never found a horse he could not manage. Phil was known as a good dispositioned, manly boy, but was as wild as any of them, and stood ready to assert his boyhood at any time with bare knuckles if necessary, though he was by no means quarrelsome. And old resi¬ dent who is full of reminiscences of Phil tells this story of his early days: “Phil was a little bit of a fellow, but I guess he whipped every fighting lad iu Somerset. He became early in life a most daring horseback rider. His first experience as a cavalryman was.on the back of an' ugly beast without a strap of leather anywhere about him.. The horse started into a terrible run and did not halt until he came to a tavern several miles away. There he ran in the stable-shed. Sheridian hung on like an Indian and did not seem to be in the least frightened. When asked how he managed to stick, the five-year old answered: ‘I’d been told how to do it. I just hugged his neck and stuck my knees in his side.’ No one had ever before succeeded in clinging to the horse’s back.” At the age of twelve Phil went to work, being employed as clerk in the dry goods business until 1847. While preparing himself lor the academy he came uear Dever seeing West Point. While lying on his bed at night, tired out after his day’s work in the store, he was hard at his studies, a lighted candle standing near the bed. Gradually his eyes grew heavy, the book slipped from his grasp, and he fell asleep. In some way the candle fell and set the bed on fire, and he barely awakened in time to save himself and the build ing. At the age of seventeen he was admitted to West Point, While there he was put back a year for shipping a higher classman. Thus it took him five years to graduate, hut still he was only 22 when he came out, graduating in 1853. After graduation he was assigned to the trontier in Texas, whence he WUH transferred to Oregon, where be was “UNITED WE STAND, DIVIDED WE FALL.“-Washington. stationed at the breaking out of the civil war. He was then appointed quarter¬ master of tne army of Southwestern Missouri, and in April, 1862, chief quartermaster of the western depart¬ ment. The following May he was made colonel of the second Michigan volunteers cavalry; was commissioned brigadier-general of volunteers in July of the same year: and after a brief period he „u pel in of the eleventh division of the of the Ohio. A divisron ol the srL. Jd of the Cumberland .u comma, by him, and at Stone Hirer saved th army from rout by his stubborn re¬ sistance. For his gallant conduct,he was made major-general of volunteers, and on the fourth of August was appointed to the command of the middle military division, and sent to operate against the Southerners in the Shenandoah Valley. His assaults upon the army’s position at Five Forks (April 11, 1864) and Sailors Creek, being particularly brilliant. In November, he wa3 made major general of the Uuited States army.' Then joining General Grant’s army at City Point, whence he started March 25, 1805, to strike the blow for the overthrow of Lee’s army. On June 3d of the same year, Sheridian was assigned the command of the military division of the south¬ west, and on June 17 that of the Gulf. In 1807 he was assigned to the fifth military district by Johnson, and to the. department of the Mis¬ souri shortly after. In 1869 he became, by promotion, lieutenant general; and upon the retirement of Sherman, became commander- in¬ ch ief. m* recent .ontbrenks among Indians r of , the a southwest , t necessitateu t , his . . with ... Gen. „ Miles, presence, upon the firkl of hostilities. Geh. Sheridiau’s serious sickness of 1888 filled many a veteran’s heart with sadness, for he was a general favorite everywhere in the army. While commanding his regiment, the second Michigan cavalry, he showed the mettle of which he was made. He was a figther, and that is why he is so popular. His motto was as Irish as his heart: “Whenever you see a head hit it, and hit it hard.” His methods were most simple indeed, and were generally devised on the spur of the moment and to suit the occasion. No doubt he had studied, the science of war, as he was a grad¬ uate of West Point and had been in continual service, but be went on the field to whip somebody, and not to demonstrate theories of old masters. While he was with the army of the Cumberland he acquired the title of Little Phil. It was not because he was a diminutive creatuie, but when in company with Pap Thomas, Garfield aud Rosecrans, he was the smallest of the lot. They were all large men, which made him look slender, if not small. Then the t^rm little is often applied to a favorite as a soit of pet name. A 3 a matter of fact, however, he was a much smaller man than they when he became lieu¬ tenant-general. When in the army of the Cumber¬ land he was one of the boys in camp, yet he never became familiar with the men. He was not a dandy by any means, as far as his clothes were concerned. Indeed, his superior officers and boon companions often lectured him for looking so shabby. He would answer that he felt better in his old clothes. In addition to feeliug better he also looked better in a common fatigue uuiform than in a dress purrde suit. When he went into a fight he went in to win. It was for that resaon that he never made any pro¬ vision for a retreat. His men were always confident of victory, or at least never feared defeat. At Ston^* river his men stood like statues, and held positions that were seemingly forlorn hopes. - ----- # A matter 200-pound of some weight—Propos¬ widow. ing to a , the coming ocean steamer. Some genius thus portrays the ocean steamer of the future: She will be oyer a quarter of a mile in length and will do the passage from Sandy Hook to Liverpool in thirty-six hours, being one night out. She will be driven by electricity, and in such a fashion as to keep railway . ( tlme ’ storm - °K — ■» •««"» P»tent-and “oket w,11 molode an opera stall, * '°" CCTt ’•“’ket. ora seat inaoburch pew—the opera house, concert hall, and church being all on board. A covered ling for horse exercise will also be provided and a racing track for fast trotters. A base ball ground and tennis courts will also from a portion of the attractions. For business men a stock exchange will be operated, the quotations being posted from the tickers every two minutes on the vibration system. The leading papers of all countries be reprinted each morning by 4’“ . eleol . refleotlon ''. ,e '**«*• A spacious conservatory, contain . ‘ will afford an agreeable lounging place, and bouquets will be provided gratis. As at Monaco and Monte Carlo, a suite of apartments will be laid out for play, to be kept opan all night— a sumptuous supper with costliest wines free. - English tailors and Bhoe-makers will be in attendance, and clothes will be made and finished during the pssage. The millinery department will contain the French fashions of the previous day, and costumes will whil ! lh “ «“P ft - enromte, and delivered ,. complete J on arrival • , at . dock. . , Accmmodatons . , will ... , be fnrnmhnd e .. , lor . 10,000 papers. WATERING A HORSE. A great many young men who get their conveyances from the livery stables become very good drivers without ever learning bow to get the harness on or off a horse. A young man of this sort, from the east, was driving out one day with the young lady to whom he was engaged, whose home was on an Illinois prairie, and who could on an emergency harness a horse as well as the most expert stable boy. In the course of the drive they came to a watering trough by the roadside, and the young lady, with true humanity, the afternoon being warm, suggested that the horse have a drink, whereupon her escort reined up to the trough accordingly. But the horse, being checked up, ceuld not reach the water, and the lady again suggested that her com panion get out and let the animal’s head down, which he proceeded to do. He made a careful survey of the harness, considered the various straps that ran along the animal’s back from his head to his tail, and after due thought reached a philosophical and ultimate conclusion, and pro¬ ceeded to unbuckle thecrupper. The horse got his drink, but the country girl, who sat in the phaeton and watched the operation, was so nearly convulsed with ill concealed merri¬ ment as to be wholly unfit for or¬ dinary conversation for the next half hour. Manners are the shadows of virt¬ ues, the momentary display of those qualities which our fellow-creature* love and respect. If we strive to become, then, what what we strive to appear manners may often he rendered useful guides to the perfor¬ mance of our duties.— The Old Homestead. Doctor, passing a stonecutte’s yard —Good morning, Mr. Jones. Hard at work, I see. I suppose you finish your gravestones as far as “In Memory of” and then wait for tome one to die, eh? Stonecutter—Why, yes; unless somebody’s sick and you are doctoring ’em: then I keep right on. HOW TO STOP A PAPER. The following Iron) one of out exchanges, so fully and clearly ex¬ presses our views on the subject, that we copy it without comment: You have an uudoubted right to stop a newspaper when you feel disposed, upon the payment of all arrearages, Do not hesitate .to do so on account of “tenderness” for the editor. Don’t you suppose he would quit baying sugar of you, or meat, clothing, dry goods, etc., if he thought he was sot getting bis money’s worth, and why should you not exercise the same privilege with him ? And when you discontinue a paper, do so manfully. Don’t he so spiteful as to throw it back to the postmaster with a con¬ temptuous “I don’t want it any longer!” and have “refused” written on the margin, and have the paper returned to the editor. No gentle¬ man ever stopped it in that way, no matter if hia head is covered with gray hairs that should be honorable. If you do not longer wish to receive a newspaper, write a note to the editor like a man, saying so—and be sure thut arrearages are paid. This is the way to stop a newspaper.-r Press and Printer. J. • --« WHAT IS IN YOUR HOUSEf When the long-buried city of Pompeii began to he uncovered, men were introduced into the very scenes of its home and business life in the days of its glory. The houses were opened to view, and the pictures and and utensils and statuary and ar¬ chitecture, and hundreds of things, disclosed the habits of the life of the people. And the stranger now vis¬ iting the unburied city and walking the streets and going into the bouses and shops and forums and temples and theatres that were crowded- with a busy, active, pleasure-seeking pop¬ ulation, can see for himself just how they lived and what was the nature of their various pursuits. And it is a deeply impressive lesson to meditate upon, bow, after lying for eighteen centuries in the grave, these things have been disclosed to us, and especially how, among the freshest of things preserved, are numerous evidences of the sensual and vicious pleasures in which the people indulged. What was done iu their houses is now brought to the light of day. Suppose, now, that our home life could be put into some permanent form, and then our houses should be buried by a similar catastrophe, and at the end of eighteen oeaturies be brought to light What would they disclose to the curious investigators of that day ? Let it be remembered that every member of a family has an influence on the home life, and therefore a responsibility for the character of the family. Our bouses are what yon and I make them. Let it be repeated: Our houses are what we make them. And we are what our hearts are.— Southern Cultivator. An exasperating editor being threatened with a coat of tar and faetbers said in his next issue. “The people of this town may break into somebody’s hen roeet aud steal the feathers, but we know they are too stingy to buy the tar.” A country paper says that daring a trial in court a young lad, who was called as one of the witnesses, was asked if he knew the obligation of an oath, and where he weald go if he told a fie. He said he supposed be should go where all the lawyers went. First bootblack—Wbat did they pot those pennies on old Skinflint’s eyes for after be was dead? Second bootblack—'To tee if be was dead. How can they tell by that? Why, don’t you tee if be wit alive be would nuke a grab for tbe pennies. Tbe Arab who invented alcohol died 900 years ago, but bis spirit still lives. Terms: foe Dollar per tt». VOL. VI,-NO. 32. HOW THEY BEGAN. Daniel Webster held the plough and swung the scythe on hia father’s humble farm. Asa Packer’s grandfather had been a tanner, and Asa sought employ¬ ment in the same business. Horace Greely arrived in New York with his worldly possessions in a handkerchief, carried on a stick over his ahealder. Henry Clay, “the mill hoy of the dashes”, rode on a sack of oats to the mill and returned with a bag of meal to feed the family. James Gordon Bennett, in Boston, was the possessor of a Yankee shil¬ ling which he picked up in the common, aud that was the sole capital with wbioh he commenced the world in hie adopted country. Potter Palmer, the Chicago mill¬ ionaire, was a cle»-k in a country store in Pennsylvania, at a salary of ten dollars a month, before he mi¬ grated West to the Lake City in 1857 Senator Joseph E. Brown began by plowing a bovine steed, deprived of its caudal appendage. Andrew Johnson began his life as ataylor. NE WSPAPER BORRO WERS, An exchange recently published the complaint of a lady subscriber of the annoyance she experienced from the habit her female neighbors had Of constantly borrowing her paper. The following plan was suggested to the suffering lady, and all others sim¬ ilarly situated, as an adequate means of succor; Immediately upon receiv¬ ing the paper carefully out from it some item—it makes no difference what it is, any item will do, only let it be neatly and carefully removed from the paper. In a few minutes the neighbor's boy will come after the paper—be will take it hotne- within three minutes he will emerge from the house; he will scoot down the street and very shortly return with a paper the same date as the one j ust borrowed. By the time the dipped paper has circulated around among the female borrowers, the street will be lively with hurrying boys, and tbe reveane of the news¬ paper will be materially increased. Not one woman among them would sleep a wink without knowing exactly what that cut-out item was. The next day pursue the same course, and similar results will surely follow. In an extremely obstinate neighbor¬ hood these proceedings may last three or four days, but no longer. By that time the paper will be read in peace, and the newspaper will have gained rule infallible several new where subscibers. the borrowers The is are females, but it ean’t be vouched for in the case of men. There is not that inherent curiosity to work upon, you know, and—but prehaps we are getting a fitting too deep.—Ex. -—t—:-. In spite of all that cynics say, a good many people do marry for love —though very often the love that influences them is the love of money. At drill a soldier spit* in the ranks. Sergeant of manoeuvres, indignantly, The fellow that spat, four days in the guard house. There shall be no spitting iu the ranks. We are not in a parlor here. Rat* have become* staple article of food among the poorer class of Parisians. Many shops for the sale of rodent’s flesh have been opened and a thriving trade in this unuanal dietary article established. An American gentleman who had the fortune (goodor otherwise) to sample a tet steak in Paris recently, declares the dish to be delicious beyond all belief. Xt maybe well to remark, however, that the diner did not know until after he bad finished hit meal just what kind of area* the succulent steak really was. There need be but little fear that the rat will be eomt a popular article of food for the dinner tablet ol this country.