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ODDEST OF ALL INDIANS,
THE FAIR-HAriED AND BLUE-BYED
MANDANS OP DAKOTA.
A Tlicory Ailvanopd That They are
Descended From a ltnnd of Welsh
Kxplorcra—Peculiar Trails.
In tho gallery at tho National Museum
are portraits of Indians with light luir
and blue eyes. George Gatlin found such
Indians among the Mandans. Jle d-.-
rovered many other peculiarities in the
Mandans during the months lie lived with
them and painted his pictures. He de¬
veloped the interesting theory that this
tribe was descended from a hand of
AVelsh explorers who landed in North
America nearly 200 years before
Christopher Columbus came in the Santa
Maria.
There were ten ships which left North
AVales under the direction of Prince
Madoc or Madawc early in the fourteenth
century. They never returned, It is
historical supposition that those explorers
lauded on the west of what is Florida
now, or somewhere about the mouth of
the Mississippi, traveled into the interior,
and gradually amalgamated with the
Indians.
Catlin concluded thut Madoc’s men
established their colony in what is now
Ohio. They may have ascended the
river from the Gulf, or they may have
^marched inland from the coast. After
he had lived among these Indians in their
fortified city on the Upper Missouri,
Catlin traced their course backward,
down the Missouri and up the Ohio, to
the extensive fortifications in that State.
He found Mandan ruins in a dozen places.
He became satisfied that the ancestors of
the Indians lie knew had built theseforts
with walls twenty or thirty feet high,
and with covered ways to tho water.
There was a striking similarity in the
work of construction. Nothing like it
was found among other tribes. The
specimens of pottery dug from the forti¬
fications in Ohio were like the utensils in
use by the Mandans. A visitor at the
village could seo the Mandan women
molding vases, cups, pitchers, and pots
from black clay aud baking them m the
little kilns which they build in the sides
of hills. The Mandans alone of North
American Indians possessed the art of
manufacturing a beautiful and lusting
kind of blue glass beads. They h ad these
beads in great quantities when the fur
traders first camo among them. They
kept the process secret. Mandan canoes
were altogether different from tho canoes
of other tribes. They were exactly like
the AA’elsb coracle, and were made of
buffalo bides stretched over a frame of
willows or other boughs, and were shaped
so ns to be nearly as rouud as a tub.
These were few of the facts which
strengthened Gatlin in Isis theory. He
argued that the AVclshmen had settled in
Ohio and had fortified themselves. They
had been warred against by tho Indians,
and after their ammunition gave out they
had been exterminated. But the half-
breeds had been spared. Half breeds
are always despised by full-blood Indi¬
ans. These son3 and daughters of
AVclshmen and Indiau women had natu¬
rally associated together in a band. They
had cut loose from parent tribes. Gradu¬
ally they hnd made their way down the
Ohio and then up the Mississippi and
the Missouri, stopping for a generation
or so in one fortified place, and then
moving on, increasing iu numbers, pre¬
serving some of the customs and char¬
acteristics af their AVelsh ancestors, and
trying to find a place where they could
live at peace, but aloof from other
tribes.
Catlin found the Mandans living be¬
hind a well-built stockade. They had
located their principal city where the
Missouri made a sharp turn around
rocky , ledge. , , ^ two sides ... the
a a ot
town was this abrupt precipice and the
river. On the remaining side was tho
stockade. This was composed of tim¬
bers a foot thick, set firmly in the
ground, and eighteen feet high. Crevices
were left between the timbers to shoot
through. Along the inside of the stock¬
ade ran a ditch three or four feet deep.
In this ditch the Mandan warriors found
shelter while discharging their arrows at
- the foes without.- Their fortified city
was impregnable.
Nothingolike the Mandan architecture
was found by Mr. Gatlin among any of
the other North American Indians. The
lodges were circular, and from forty to
sixty feet in diameter. Thu first work-
in the construction of a Mandan house
was an excavation two feet deep the iul!
size of the proposed building. Around
the edge of the excavation wero firmly
planted timbers, as closely together as
they could be placed. The timbers were
of eight or nine inches thickness nud
about six feet high. Earth was banked
up against the outside of this wall of
timbers. Then from the top of this
wooden wall long poles from twenty to
twenty-five feet were arranged, with the
smaller ends slanting upward at an angle
of forty-five degrees. The roof timbers
were so closely matched that they pressed
against each other. The circular roof
was further strengthened by four or five
large posts set inside the lodge, and
having cross the pieces just below the pole
roof. Over roof was spread a thick
mat of willows to prevent the poles from
decay, aud over the willow mat was
heaped and pressed a couple of feet of
tenacious clay. The sloping roof soon
became as hard as a pavement. It was
the gathering place of the tamily during
the day. AVarriors lounged on the house¬
top to talk of war. The children nnd
dogs played on the roof. Squaws gos¬
siped there. Sledges and canoes, buffalo
skulls and pots found lodging places on
the top of the houses. -
These Mandan houses wero built so
closely together that between them were
only unrrow pathways. At a distance
the dome-like yellosv roofs presented a
singular appearance. On nearer e.p-
proach the visitor found himself among
a lot of great mud huts. The greatest
surprise was after entrance. Then it was
discovered that these were wooden
houses, dry and dean, and often furn¬
ished with household comforts unknown
to other Indians. At the apex of the
roof was left an opening three or four
feet across for smoke to escape and for
light to enter. A single door on the
level of the ground was the only other
opening in the Mandan lodge.
In the centre of the Mandan village
was a piazza 150 feet across and circular
in form. There the games and ceremo¬
nies peculiar to the Mandans took place.
A large, curiously constructed object
stood in the centre or the vacant space.
It looked something like a hogshead.
The Mandans called it the “big canoe.”
it looked enough like an ark in its plan
lo show that the suggestion came from
flood. In the “big canoe" the most
sacred symbols and mysteries of this pe¬
culiar people were kept.
High nbpve tho lodges projected poles,
and from tho poles hung the scalps taken
in battle, the shields and quivers of war¬
riors, the medicine hags and the flutter¬
ing strips of cloth intended ns sacrifices
to the Great Spirit. agriculturists. They
The Mandans were
raised corn, pumpkins and squashes iu
great quantities. They hnd no plows,
but laboriously chopped tho soil with
hoes made from the shoulder blades of
buffalo or elks. Their corn was pecu¬
liar. It made ears which were no larger
than a man’s thumb, but it ripened curly,
and matured well even in such high lati¬
tude as tho Northern Pacific of North
Dakota. AVhite men in what was once
the Mandnn country claim that it is im¬
possible to raise corn there. The seasons
are too short.
The Mandans stored their corn and
dried vegetables in cellars made six or
seven feet deep and smaller at the top,
like a jug. In this way they easily pre¬
served food through the worst winters.
Wild fruit was gathered nnd dried in sea¬
son. The buffalo meat was jerked.
These Mandans were provident people.
They needed no Indian agent or Govern¬
ment annuities. Meal time came twice a
day among the Mandans, but the pot was
always on and any one had the right to
order 'it off and go to eating when ho
pleased. Man, woman or child might
enter any lodge and cat at will. At meal
time the Mandan men sat cross-legged
and ate from dishes resting on the
ground in front of them. The women
never ate with the men. They, too, sat
upon tho ground, but in taking their
position did it gracefully by dropping
down with both feet to one side.
Indian traders told Gatlin that he would
be charmed with the “polite and friend¬
ly Mandans." Governor Clarke, of
Lewis & Clarke fame, described the Mau¬
dlins to the artist as strange people aud
half white. Gatlin described them as
rather below the average size of Indians,
but finely formed und graceful in their
movements. Among the women partic¬
ularly were many whose skins were al¬
most white, and who had hazel, gray or
blue eyes. There svas every shade of
hair except auburn. The men seemed
ashamed of their light hair, and dis¬
guised it with glue and black earth.
But the women were proud of theirs,and
wore it spread out and down to theit
kuees. Mr. Gatlin noticed especially
the attention which the Mandans gave to
their personal appearance. They were
cleanly and much given to personal
adornment. Above the city, a half milo
or more, the women and girls had a bath¬
ing place set apart for them. To this
they went every morning at sunrise. On
an elevation some distance back of tho
bathing place sentries with bows
and arrows were stationed to pre¬
vent the approach of and Peeping bathed Toms.
Below the city the men boys
every day. individuals
Although there wore
among them witli records for great per¬
sonal bravery, tho Mandans were not a
warlike people. They avoided hostilities
as long as possible. They cared more for
sports and for ceremonies than for fight¬
ing.
Six years after Mr. Catlin's visit among
the Muudans, smallpox was introduced
in the city by a fur trading boat. At that
time the Sioux were making war upon
the Mandans, and the afflicted people
were shut up within their fortifications.
The ravages of the disease were terrible.
Intelligent beyond the average of In¬
dians, the Mandans became panic-
stricken. The disease was so malignant
that death occurred in a few hours.
Many, on finding themselves attacked,
committed suicide by leaping down the
precipice. Others, when the fever came
on, flung themselves into the river. Four
Bears, the chief, was one of the few who
reoovere( j but he saw his wives and chil-
dron perish until he alone of his family
lived. He walked through the city and
wept as he gazed upon the unburied
dead. He went into the lodge and cov¬
ered the bodies there with robes, Ho
went out upon the prairie, and wrapping
himself up, sat down on a hill to wait
for death by starvation, The traders
reasoned with him. He would not live.
On the sixth day he had barely strength
left to crawl into the city. Returning to
his lodge, he lay down beside his dead.
On the ninth day his spirit joined theirs.
Of the 2000 people iu the Mandan city
scarcely 100 survived the epidemic. Mr.
Catlin was under the impression that tho
few survivors, after having been made
slaves by the Iiiecarees, sought death at
the hands of the Sioux in battle, and that
the Mandans became entirely extinct.
Thomas Donaldson, through whom the
Gatlin collection of Indian paintings
reached the National Museum, has cor¬
rected this error. He found that twenty-
three warriors, forty women, and sixty
young people escaped the smallpox and
found a refuge with the Riccavees. The
Mandans now number about 500. They
live in a village near Fort Buford, The
agent says of them: “I am sure that
there is not nor could there bo produced
a band of so many whites among whom
so little crime has been committed.’’—
Globe- Democrat.
An Old-time Timekeeping Problem.
Standard time, it seems, is not a neu
thing. In the twentieth chapter of II.
Kings it was applied with far more than
modern facility and variety. Hczekinh,
who was a contemporary of Homer, was
sick unto death, and was advised by tho
Prophet Isaiah to put his house in order.
On being thus admonished Hezekiah
turned his face to the wall and wept,
theu prayed for recovery, Soon nfter-
ward ho was assured by the prophet that
the prayer had been heard, and that fif¬
teen years would be added to his life.
Hezekiah asked for a sign that ho would
thus happily be healed. Isaiah answered
that the shadow on the sun dial should
he moved forward or backward ten de¬
grees as the desired sign. And the sacred
history continues thus:
“10. And Hezekiah answered: ‘It is
a light thing for the shadow to go down
ten degrees; nay, but let tho shadow re¬
turn backward ten degrees.’
“11. And Isaiah the prophet cried
unto the Loid: and he brought the
shadow ten degrees backward, by which
it had gone down in the dial of Ahaz."
Thus the first known mention of the
sun dial is coupled with a more difficult
problem in timekeeping than any now
agitating tho public.— Jewelers' Weekly.
Six hundred men are now digging the
railroad tunnel under the St. Clair River,
at Port Huron, at the rate of fifteen feet
each day. More than 1200 feet of the
tunnel is now ready for trains on the
Michigan side, and 900 on the Canadian.
The remaining 4000 feet will probably ba
finished before the year is out.
FOR FARM ANI> GARDEN.
AN ITEM ron TIIB PAIJIT.
Tho reason for not disturbing milk
when tho cream is rising , is a simplo
one. The cooling of tho milk causos
currents to form in the fluid, tho final
end of which is to deposit the fats at
tho surface. These Iittlo channels are
of downward and then upward move¬
ment. If wo disturb the pen or cau,
tliij newly introduced agitation de¬
stroys theso first perpendicular move¬
ments and turns them out of their
direct course, and they do not again
rttain to former directions, but have
an aimless course, and so tho fata are
defeated from perfect rising.— New
}•(, r'i World.
VIRTUES OF HM.T.
Experiments to prove tho virtues of
Balt in keeping farm crops in a healthy
and vigorous condition have been car¬
ried on extensively in somo parts of
England, and the results lead to tho
following conclusions: That a dressing
of 1500 to 2000 pounds of salt per acre
will check tho rust in ceroals, tho finger-
und-tooin turnips, largely protect oats
against the grub nud wire-worm, chock
the virulcnco of potato disease, and
dissipate fungoid growths in pastures.
It is also a preventive against moss,
mako3 rough grass more palatab'.c, and
sweetens the herbage generally.
RAISING I’ORK.
Thcie arc a few things our farmers
seem to forgot in the raising of pork.
One thing is that slop and dirty dish¬
water are not good enough for hogs.
Another is that corn should never bo
tho sole d'et. If pigs were fed more
upon milk, clover, and grasses, instead
of the ordinary swill compound, there
would bo less danger of sickness and
much better pork. Again, if they
were allowed the range of fields, and
always supplied with fresh water, there ;
would be more health. And last, but
most important, comes tho housing.
What wretched hovels some hogs have!
Leaky roofs and wide cracks iu the
side. Somo people keep their swino in
old hogsheads, or perhaps large store-
boxes. The pen owned by tho writer
is six feet long and four wide. This is
for one hog only. The whole build-
ing, roof and sides, is covered with
hravy roofing and lining papers, and
however hard it is raiuing, or how
deep tho snow is, the pen is always
dry and warm. It is a great satisfac¬
tion to know that animals are always
comfortable; and, with good feed, hogs
will thrive right along.— Amsrlcu t Ag¬
riculturist.
THE ORCHARD.
One docs not plant an orchard every
year; hence it should be done only
after careful consideration of many par¬
ticulars. And foremost is this: To se¬
lect thoso varieties which will do best
on your soil. Some fruit treos will
grow and boar well anywhere, Most
will not. Tho nverage farmer cau’t
afford to experiment much with varie¬
ties of fruit for his apple orchard. He
must bj guided largoly by othors’ suc¬
cesses and failures. For a gen.'rat
crop, select those varieties which have
grown well on neighboring lauds. Try
a few of the new kinds if yoa will; but
don’t take too much stock in untried
varieties if you are planting an orchard
for the future.
Tho old orchard, also ncods ntton -
tion. Fill up tho vacancies in tho rows
with now trees, trim up the branches
nnd cut out the over-abundant growth
of last year. Give the troe, particular¬
ly those that aro just coming into boar-
ing. a shapely, symmetrical appearance.
Dig up the soil around the tree trunks,
scrape off tho lough bark and lightly
whitewash the body of tho Iroas, and
cultivate your orchard rememberirg
that trees, like other plants, enjoy til¬
lage. — Observer.
SMUT IN GRAIN SEEDS.
Tho most effectual way to kill tho
parnsito known ns tho smut, iu grain, is
to plungo tho seeds in hot water before
planting. The vitality of tho seeds is
not injured if the water is heated to a
proper temperature. Probably the best
way to treat the grain is first to plunge
it in water hcatoi to nbout 110 legreot,
and then in water heated to 132 dcgr-oi.
The vitality of tho seeds is not injure 1
then by a too suddon chnngo iu tem¬
perature.
A great deal of our grain seeds have
more or less smut in thorn, and nothing
but smutty grain can bo expected from
fields planted with infected scad. The
host stay is always to be on tho safe
sido by (renting nil the seeds to a hot
hath beforo p anting. The few sporos
of tho parasites that might be lurking
in tho grain will then be effectually
killed. Tho farmer can then rest as¬
sured that, if his grain is smutty, it
comes not from tho seed, but from o'her
causes, such as tho weather, soil, etc.
Tho best way to treat the grain is to
pat it in a sack, through which tho
water can easily pass. Plunge tho sack
in the hot water, and turn it around so
that tho water will have a chance to
penetrate the whole mass. Lift the
bag up and plunge it back, then turn
it around again, until fully sa i-fied
that every kernel ha3 been wet. The
bag should be plunged in cold water
immediately after being taken out of
the hot, and when tho grain has cooled
it should be tprea 1 out to dry. Such a
process answers all purposes for a small
quantity of grain, but whon it is to be
treated on a larger scale another method
might b@ adopted, Two barrels %f
heated water should be supplied, and
the bags plunged into ono and then
into tho other.
This treatment of tho grain can bo
dono at any timo before sowing, but it
should bo conducted with care. Water
heated much abovo 135 degrees would
kill tho seels, and if allowed to cool
off much it would not kill tho smut.
Tho hot-water method, properly ad¬
ministered, always effectually kills tho
smut, and increases tho germinating
powers of the seeds. The moro vigor¬
ous method of killing smut by mesns
of copper sulphate kills the smut, but
it also invariably injures tho seeds.
Tho simplest and least expensive
method is thus by far preferable to the
other. A farmer should not sow his
grain seeds without thus giving them a
few dips in hot water, for prevention is
always better than cure.— American
Cultivator.
AI’PI.YINO FERTILIZERS.
In the application of fertilizers tho
main point is to uso onougli of them,
and enough is considerably moro than
the crop will tako from tho soil; tho
next points are to prevent loss by
weeds; to provide sueh a condition of
the soil as to afford, by thorough til¬
lage, every aid and help by tho natural
elements—the rain, the atmosphere, and
the heat of tho sun; to prevent the
waste of the plants' vitality by para¬
sites, as the various fungi which sap tho
vigor of (ho plants, su;h as the rusts,
smuts, mildews, etc.—in short, to make
use of every appliance known to
thorough culture of farm crops. Where
live stock are kept of course the
manure, or composts made of it, to add
to its useful bulk, value, and effective¬
ness, ii to be used ns far as it goes; but
even with manure experience has shown
that tho immediately available and
soluble fertilizim may he added with
good effect and profit. Five hundred
to 1000 pounds per acre of the com¬
plete manures is enough to begin with
under ordinary circumstances, and
every crop should afterward be pro¬
vided with at least half this amount.—
New York Tima.
FARM AND GARDEN NOTES.
Test your soeds before sowing.
Burn all rubbish; use the ashes for
manure.
Start tomato plants early, also early
cabbage.
A little well tilled is more profitable
than much poorly tilled.
Have all seeds and grain for sowing
re .dy bo fore time to use.
Don’t plant tho wrinkled varieties of
peas till tho ground is warm.
AVork to liavo your dairy tho best
paying ono in the neighborhood.
Keep the calves growing till the grass
is good. Then continue the good
work.
Remember tho calf is mother to the
cow. What kind of calves are you
raising?
Clean out the berry bushes if not al¬
ready done, and give them a dressing
of manure.
In transplanting tress keep the roots
from the wind while they are out of
tho ground.
Bring into use every resource of the
farm. Make the farm pay, if you can.
Make every cow do her part.
Some think that cabbage plants,
started where they are wanted to grow
aud mature, dobotterthan those started
in beds and transplanted.
If you were so unfortunate as to have
weeds go to scod last year burn them
before plowing tho garden and so de¬
stroy as many soeds as possible.
It is an old saying, but a true ono,
(hat the reason so many people do not
achieve success is becau e they aro not
willing to do the work to achieve it.
If any trees or shrubs have been
broken by the storms last winter, cut
off tha broken parts and cover the
wound with melted grafting wax or
coarse paint.
It is wisdom to encourage rapid
growth among young chicks. It means
economy in food and profit before hot
weather comes. This is the way to
come out ahead. If you look to this
it will repay you.
A thorough knowledge of the busi¬
ness is essential to success in stock
breeding; such knowledge as comes to
thoso whose hearts are in the work
from study, observation, and more than
all from actual experience. The men
who trust to their theories alone in¬
variably fail.
Quick-witted Birds.
Some birds are gifted with a sense of
obsoivation approaching to something
very like reasoning faculties, as the fol¬
lowing anecdote proves: At a gentle¬
man’s house in Straffuidshire, England,
tho phensauts aro fed out of one of
those boxes, the lid of which rises with
tho pressure of the pheasant standing
on the rail in front of tho box. A water
hen, observing this, went and stood
upoa the rail as soon as the pheasant
had quitted it; but the weight of the
bird being insufficient to raise the lid
of the box so as to enable it to get at
the corn, tho water hen kept jumping
on the rail to give additional impetus
to its weight. This partially succeed¬
ed, but not to the satisfaction of the
sagacious bird, which, therefore, went
off; and, soon returning with a bird of
its own species, the united weight of
the two had the desired effect and the
successful pair onjoyed the benefit of
their ingenuity.
QUAINT AND CURIOUS.
A. centenarian -who has just died In
England spent nincty-ntno years of her
life in the one house.
The highest railroad brldgo in the
Unitod States is the Klnzua viaduct on
the Erio Road—305 feet high.
The town of Bethel, Me., with nearly
three thousand inhabitants, has no U3e
for a lock-up, and proposes to rent
out tho building formerly used for that
purpose.
At tho funeral of .John Cozzens, a
prominent citizen of Spotswood, N. J.,
somo one discovered that there were
thirteen carriages in the procession and
ono carriage was withdrawn.
A letter written by Gaorgo Washing¬
ton in tho year 1793, introducing Win-
Stanley, tho painter, to tho commander
at Georgetown, was sold recently for
|35, at Sothcrbys, England.
A man with a penchant for statistics
has computed that more than four mil¬
lion miles of blood pass through tho
veins of an ordinary human being dur¬
ing a lifetime of seventy years.
A wild rabbit in the streets of Bidde-
ford, Me., was oao of the “sights” that
certain inhabitants of that city recently
enjoyed. As a reward for his temerity
he was allowoi to depart in peace.
A Rivcrsida (Cal.) man sent a piece
of manzanita wood to a friend in New
York recently. He has now' received
an order from a maker of musical in¬
struments to forward a whole carload.
A special train of the Baltimore and
Ohio R lilroad made the tun from
Philadelphia to Baltimue in two hours
and sixteen minutes, the fastest time
ever made over the new division with a
single locomotive.
A family in Whatcom, Wash.„ not
liking the taste if the water they wero
drawing from (heir mnety-foot-deep
well, sent a man down to inspect its
depth. Tho well was in tolerably good
condition, but a dead Indian was
hoisted out.
The school of pennmanship at the
Vatican, in Rime, produces specimens
of writing that are said to bo the most
beautiful in the world. The copying
clerks are priests and monks, and the
mistake of a comma in a page of manu¬
script makes a lewriting of it UCCC3*
sary.
Oscar Hill, a farmer, had a fight
with a colored man in C.ay county,
Ala., and was badly bitten. Hill had
to have his arm amputated, and lie de¬
veloped symptoms of hydrophobia and
died. The man has blue gums, and it
is believed that the bite of sueh always
proves fatal.
The festive jack rabbit is a strict
vegetarian, and will not touch grease
of any kind, nor will he tackle vege¬
tables that are seasoned with grease.
Orchardists in Colorado take advantage
of his fastidiousness and protect their
trees from his incisors by rubbing tho
body of the tree with a bacon rind.
The Okefinokce swamp in Georgia
has been sold to a party of capitalists
for 26 1-2 cents per acre, which was
the highest bid received. The area is
upwards of 253,000 acro3. The buyers
say that the timber is worth much more
than was paid for the property and the
soil is remarkably fertile, The swamp
can be drained for $250,000, and an
engineer who has surveyed it says that
the parties who have undertaken the
snterprise will become millionaires.
How African’s Hunt the Elephant
The It iki is a fine, deep stream with
a strong current; its water being of a
dark hue, tho contra-,t in color between
it and the Congo is very discernible at
its mouth.
Large herds of elephants and buf¬
faloes abound along both sides of the
river, which are hunted by the more in¬
land tribes, and the ivory soil to tho
dwellers upon the banks of the river.
These hunters build platforms up in the
trees, out of reach of an elephant’s
trunk.
Hundreds of such platforms are made
all over the woods, tho places being, of
course, selected where herds of ele¬
phants are known to pass to their fccd-
ing-grouads, or attracted by a plentiful
supply of w„tor in the neighborhood.
When nows is brought in that there aro
elephants in a wood wfiich has been so
prepared, the natives hasten to get into
positions on these platforms, armed
with their deadly spears. They gener¬
ally try to drive tluir spears between
tho shoulderi of the brute, and, as a
rulo, they manago to pick out two or
three amongst a herd which pass near
enough to tho platforms to come within
effective range of their weapons.
Sometimes they will attack an ele-
pliant on foot. This is indeed a very
plucky proceeding. They stealthily
crawl up alongside an elephant, armed
only with a spear which has a broal,
sharp blade and a long, thick handle.
Upon getting near enough to their
ponderous game, they either spear him
in the groin or hamstring him. Hold-
wilh both hands the haft of the spear,
they thrust it in with all their might,
and, as a rule, they manage to bring an
elephant down on the spot, or to wound
him so severely that they are able to
track him to his re treat, where they
finish him off. Of course, as soon as
they have delivered their blow they
make off, to escape the fury of the
wounded animal, and the nature of
the ground, covered as it is with large,
thick- trunko4 trees, enables them to
dodge his jn°Yemeuts or take to the
shelter of the brahqhoh-~p,' iodgir,
Hot Water to Believe Thirtt,
It is a mistake to suppose that cold
drinks are necessary to relievo thirst.
Very feverish cold drinks, ns a rule, increases the
condition of the mouth and
stomach, rience and so create thirst. Expe¬
shows it to be n fact that hot
drinks relieve thirst and “cool oil” the
body when it is in an abnormally heated
condition better than ice-cold drinks.
It is far better and safer to avoid the free
use of drinks below sixty degrees; in
fact, ferred; a higher temperaturo is to bo pre¬
and those who aro much troubled
with thirst will do well to try the advan¬
stead tages to l)c derived from hot drinks, in¬
of cold fluids to which they have
been accustomed. Hot drinks also have
the advantage of aiding digestion, in¬
stead of causing debility of the stomach.
When a man is fortunate in business
he attributes the fact to his ability. When
he is unfortunate he bewails his bad luck.
Our llummli Jane.
Our Hannah June was thin and weak,
And ashy white her Up und cheek,
Wo often thought—and thought with pain,
"We soon must lose our Hannah Jane.”
With change of doctors, change of air,
Khe sought of healing everywhere.
And, w hen our hopes wero almost past,
"Favorite Prescription” tried at last.
It gave us joy, it gave us hope,
She [Pierce’s ceased to pine, she ceased and to mope,
remedies arc sure trite]
Now Hannah Jane Is good as new.
Dr. Pierce’s Favorite Prescription is the only
medicine for women, sold by druggists, amici'
a that positive it Will guarantee. give satisfaction from the manufacturers,
in eVety Base, or
money will be refunded. This guarantee lias
been printed on the bottle-wrapper, and faith-
tully carried out for many years.
Dr. Pierce's Pellets—cleanse and regulate
the stomach, bowels and system generally.
One a dose; purely vegetable.
An article no family should be without—A
marriage certificate.
Mercury mid Calomel.
Injudicious use of mercury in the form of
calomel or otherwise leaves very injurious af¬
ter effects. Much of the distress that afflicts
poison. humanity The is due various to ft functions too persistent of the Use body of this be¬
sometimes come impaired become by its affected, use and causing even the aches bones
and
a general feeling of debility and distress. Any¬
one who has used calomel or mercury in any of
its forms, will do well to follow it up with a
use of Dr. Bull’s Sarsaparilla. This excellent
alterative counteracts the evil effects Of mer¬
cury and other mineral poisons. It is com¬
posed there of strictly in vegetable its composition ingredients, that will and
is nothing
harm the most delicate. Good health invari¬
ably follows its use .—Springfield Health juur-
fiat
Never buy milk from a ilair^irtail Vvhose
wagon has a creak in it;
1 have been affected with a mercurial head¬
ache and a heavy pain in my liver. 1 made
use of different sarsaparilla® without success
until 1 gave Bull’s Sarsaparilla a trial, three
bottles of w-hich gave me relief. I take pleas¬
ure in recommending it ms being superior to
other sarsaparillas.—T. H. Owen, Louisville, Kg.
he Strange is loose to say, no habits, man ever gets tight unless
in his
To Dispell Colds,
Headaches and Fevers, to cleanse the system
effectually, yet gently, When costive or bil¬
ious, or when the blood is impure or sluggish;
to permanently cure habitual constipation, to
awaken the kidneys and liver to a healthy ac¬
tivity, without irritating or weakening them,
use Syrup of Figs.
All those who pass through the door to suc¬
cess will find it labeled "push.”
Dr. Bull’s Worm Destroyers are not new and
untried. For thirty years they have stood the
test of usage, and their large sale is due to
merit only.
A prudent mah is like a pin—his head pre¬
vents him going too far.
M. L. THOMPSON & CO., DrUggists, Cou-
best dersport. and Pa,, say Hall’s for Catarrh Cure is the
sold. Druggists only sure sell cure it, T5c. catarrh they ever
If a as h P o: etty u i8 not beoaU9e
any o gh-uoid hers
Erie Hallway.
This popular Eastern Line is running solid
vestibulea trains, consisting of beautiful day
coaches, Pullman sleeping and dining cars,
between Cincinnati, Chicago, New York and
Boston. All trains run via Lake Chautauqua
during the season, and passengers holding
through tickets are privileged to stop off at this
world-famed resort. Be sure your tickets read
via N. Y., L. E. & W. It. B. '
FITS stopped free by Da. Kline’s Great
Nerve Restorer, No Fits after first day’s
use. Marvelous cures. Treatise and $2 trial
bottle free. Dr. Kline, 931 Arch St., Pbila., Da
Physicians recommend “Tatisill’s Plinth.”
You Need 8t Now
To impart .strength and to give a feeling of health
and vigor throughout the system, there is nothing
equal to Hood’s Sarsaparilla. It seems peculiarly
adapted to oyercomo that tired feellug caused by
change of season) climate oi‘ life, an 1 while it toatb
and sustains the system it purifies and renovates
the blood. We earnestly urge tho large army of
clerks, book-keepers) school teachers, housewives,
operatives aud all othors who hnvo been closely con-
fined during the winter and who need a good spring
medicine to try Hood’s Sarsaparilla note. It will
do you good.
‘•Every spring for years 1 have ma le it a practice
to take from three to five bottles of Hood’s Sarsapa¬
rilla, because I know it purifies the blood and thor¬
oughly cleanses the system of all impurities. That
languid feeling, sometimes called ‘.spring fever,’ will
never visit thp system that has been properly cared
for by this never-falling remedy.H. Law;
rekce, Editor Agricultural Epltoinlst, ludianapolis.
Hood’s Sarsaparilla
Sold by all druggists; $1; six for |5; Prepared ouly
by C. I. HOOD & CO ; , Apothecaries, Lowell, Mass;
IOO Doses One Dollar
11, m SEVENTY ■ r
To cure Biliousness. Sick Headache. Constipation,
Malaria, Liver Complaints, take the safe
and certain remedy, SMITH’S
BILE BEANS
Use the SMALL SIZE (40 little beans to the hot-
tie). They are the most convenient: suit all age6.
Price of either size, 25 cents per bottle.
KISSING panel sUe
ceote (coppers or stamps,.
«T. F. SMITH A CO..
Makers of * ‘Bite Beans.' • St. Louis, Mo.
?ae MTi/in , Book-keepluy, Business Form
Penmanship, Arithmetic, Short«Aan:l, etc.,
thoroughly C'ol taught 457 by MA.L. Circulars tree,
•ant’s I'tcv, Mam &t., BudoJo, N. Y.
25171-5?
gEE CHAM’c
^^PAINLESS. PI LL SeFFECTUAL^
WORTH A GUINEA A BOX.
For BILIOUS & NERVOUS DISORDERS ^
Such as Wind and Pain in the Stomach, Fullness and Swelling after Meals,
Dizziness, and Drowsiness, Cold Chills,Flushings of Heat, Loss of Appetite,
Shortness of Breath, Costiveness, Scurvy, Blotches on tie Skin, Disturbed
Sleep, Frightful Dreams, and all Neryous and Trembling Sensations, &c.
THE FIRST DOSE WILL CIVE RELIEF IN TWENTY MINUTES.
BEECHAM’S PILLS TAKEN AS DIRECTED RESTORE FEMALES TO COMPLETE HEALTH.
For Sick Headache, Weak Stomach, Impaired
tboy Digestion, Constipation, Disordered Liver, etc. f
ACT LIKE MAGIC, Strengthening the muscular System, restoring long-lopt Com¬
plexion, bringing back the been edge of appetite, and arousing with the ROSEBUD OF
HEALTH the whole physical energy of the human frame. One of the best guarantees
to tho Nervous and Debilitated Is that BEECHAM’S PILLS HAVE THE LARGEST SALE OF
ANY PROPRIETARY MEDICINE IN THE WORLD.
Sold Pri'p«r«d by Druggists only by Generally, TIIOS. BBKCD AM. St. Helena, l.nncauhlnN Enerlnnd.
, B. F. ALLEN CO., 366 and 367 Canal St.. New York,
CURES WHERE ALL ELSE FAILS.
Best Cough in time. Syrup. Sold by Tastes druggists. good. Use
[513
I25 CTS.
“Oh, So Tired |w
is the ary
of thousands
every Spring.
For that Tired Feeling
take
Ayer’s Sarsaparilla
and recover
Health and Vigor.
It Makes
the Weak Strong.
Prepared by
Dr. J. O. Ayer & Go.,
Lowell, Mtyss.
jjj GOING NORTH
—Oft-
-taka; one of tiie- WEST
BURLINGTON ROUTE
-TH HOUGH TRAINS FltOM—-
6T. LOUIS AND CHICAGO
—TO—
Kansas City, St. Joseph, Denver, St.
Paul and Minneapolis.
The Itest I.tne for all Points North and
West anil the Pacino Coast.
HOME SEEKERS’ EXCURSIONS I
hen Reduced RiUrsof one Itnrllngton fare for the round I rip hire
.Nehrueh uuuIh by the llniile to points Utah, in
Idaho, n. Cotorndo. North Wyoming,
.Montana, and South Dakota,
NorlliWestern Jottii, Jlhiucnnta end Wis¬
consin. 30 dill Round For trip tickets and on further sale .Hily information 20tll, good
for s. r ites lluvHngtoti app y
to any ticket agent of tup ltouie,
or iddre.s. HOWARD EMJOTT,
licn’l Pass, Agt., sit. Viouts, Mo*
Il.t'iGl.AKG, Tl'uv. It. It. TiM)rt,.Gen’l Ait,
Freight iV Pass. Agt.
t has. f, uuu^rnr. Sit.,Nashville,
180North Alaiket TeUfi.
63
<r k r
% 6*
fi JovSiK J
14?
•Sri AY t
a
Engagement rings,
diamonds,
Fine Watches and Jewelry.
J. P. STEVENS A BRO.i
4? WHITEHALL STREEt)
At la NT X.
ELY’S Catarrh
CKEAM BALK p5§|
Cleanses the
NAsal Passages
Allays Pain and ffoYFEVMj Jj
1 u fl a ul Ut a tion
Heals the Sores.
Restores tin
Senses of Tasti
and Smell. 'i-o
t/se
TRY the CURE. HAY"FEVE R
A particle is Applied into each nostril and is ajcreeab.e.
Price 5il cents at. Druggists; l>y muil, registered, (5) ct3.
ELY lU.OTItEUS, i>6 Warren Street; New York.
jBgjgjflsa
AfiJ THU OLDEST FAMILY STANDARD-
A Purely Vegetable Compound, without
mercury or other injurious mineral. Safa
end Full sure always. For sale by all Druggists,
printed directions for using with each
package. Dr. Schenck's new book on Tha
Lungs, Liver and Stomach SENT Philadeiphidjj FREE. Ad¬
dress Dr, J. H. Schenck & Son,
fpTLA combining5asticIes; m 2^ a. ©^issCj
Or FURNITURE .
IfefTNVALld'' pi svevvx'LS
i Jfil ■4\wheel AND r IJD 75
We retail the PlCHAlRSjyT Ant omaiie Brakg
at loire.it vrices./KYfZd Manl CDCC
ich-iletale fwtory on
..
LUIifTKG MF6. CO;* 145 N* 8th 8t- Pidiada.* jp£.
AFTER ALL OTHERS FAIL
CONSULT pit .1 oBB, 329 North Fifteenth
ftrcetj in special Philadelphia, diseases; Twenty years’experience
Complaints, cures the worst cases of Nervous
Blood Poisoning, Blotches, Eruption*
Piles, Catarrh, Ulcers, Sores, Impaired Memory,
Despondency, Stomach. Dimness of Vision, Lung, Liver.
WCall Kidney (Bright’s Disease); confidential,
or write for question list aud book*
Bk© |?S|S| §8 § B If] BB BSlH'ihd gj l Whiskey Habits
§3 i'll red at home with-
Atlanta. G«. Office 10i% Whitehall St
Make Your Own Rug?-
Price List of Rug Machines, Rug Patterns, Yarns,
etc., FREE. AliKNTH WANTED.
E. UOS8 & CO., Toledo, O.
OPIUM 3&MKSSS
O E&Ttt, lira only bjtu. Wo have sold Btg G for
Chsaltsl
’SffsgA Circinnati.fiSgjjMI faction. D. R. DYCHF, & CO..
Ohio. Chicago, 111.
«
Trade SI,00. Sold by Druggists.
A. N. U. Twenty-one, 1890.