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THE YAQUIS A NOBLE RACE Most Remarkable Tribe of Aboriginals Known to History. MEXICAN TROOPS HAVE THEM AT BAY. TTENTfON has 3 ft attitude called present again by of hostile been the the L ‘I Yaqui Indians, in the mountain j? ■-aeas districts of § North u astern Mexico to what is perhaps the most remarkable 6 tribe of aborig inals known -to history. T h e Y’uquia differ materially from the numerous other tribes’ inhabiting this section of the globe, says a wj'ijer in the St. Louis Globe-Demoirat. While thoroughly partaking of the ferocious nature of the Apaches of the American frontier, and entertaining quite as pronounced a hatred for all people of more civilized tastes, they are char acterized by a very distinct predilection for intelligent forms of government. Put that any restrictions or obligations should be placed upon them by an alien people, such as they have ever been disposed to regard all mankind not of their tribe, they are disposed to consider as unwarranted iuterfer euce with their hereditary customs, and hence intolerable. The Yaquis have been a constant source of dread to the Mexicans ever’ since the first attempt at civilizing the northwestern section of the republic, to which movement the former have been most strenuously opposed. Like other North American tribes, they hold that the territory they inhabit is theirs by right of inheritance from their fore fathers, and every foot of land that has from time to time been wrenched from them lias ultimately been paid for by the life’s blood of the invaders. During past centuries the Yaquis have been almost incessantly at Avar with the Spaniards and their Mexican descendants, and by degrees their once powerful tribe lias been reduced until at the present day it numbers less than 15,000 members. Of their former broad domain all the posses sions that now remain to the Yaquis are a few leagues of laud situated in the lower valleys of the Rio Yaqui, in the southern portion of the State of Senora. Here, during the brief inter vals of peace Avhich they have occa sionally experienced, they have made their homes, following their natural pursuits of farming, stock raising and mining. This is the land that has been officially assigned to them by the Mexican Government. Bask of it, however, iu the fastness of the great 3 ifjMi f /IP 1 \mmm A YAQUI HUIillKR. Sierra Madras, lies a territory that is theirs by right of their exclusive ability to penetrate and when neces sary to inhabit it. This is the war home of the Yaquis. Here in the con flicts of late years they have proved invincible, unconquerable. It is a country of rugged mountain steeps, of deep, furnaeelike defiles and deso late, sweltering mesa lands—a coun try inaccessible, intolerable to any thing human save only the Yaquis. Such is the stronghold iu Avhich this race of lighters is intrenched to-day. The Yaquis derive their name from their peculiar habit of loud talking, their verbal designation Yaqui mean ing, “He who shouts.” The Yaqui, or Huaqui, is one of the chief rivers // '/ A h A ft \ ■< Ani>^v. 2 iv n U! 'f 4K-. - ■ oP* / _ f ~ YAQUI GRASS HOUSE, SHOWING UTENSILS. of Mexico, being about 400 miles iu length, and is formed of several streams, Avhich rise close to theAmer ican boundary in the Sieira Madre Mountains. The Yaqui has its outlet in the Gulf of California, about twenty five miles southeast of Guayinas, the principal Mexican seaport of the Gulf, The Htate of Sonora has an area about 71,000 square miles, or 25,000 miles more than New York, and a population of about 155,000. The assessed value of the property about $7,500,000. It consists mines, cotton weaving, china potter ies, cattle ranches ^ind'other 1 branches of pastoral industry. The valley the Yaqiii. which is the scene of the present disturbances, according fz % i n s N I P § i J a I |\ f »vr MMI V £ \\\ g •JJ–: m ■- 1 r K its W J iN^ v 5 m m ijij 8 V M V U! i .wnti M V, % % m m m •I wv i k B xu i, Q 1 In » a H i m i I ■J J m Ml ns: * / TYPES OF THE FIGHTING YAQUIS IN WAR DRESS. American scientists and explorers em braces about 12,000 square miles. It is one of tbe most mountainous parts of Mexico. The Yaquis as a race claim descent from one of the original seven emigra tions from the North, having closely followed the Toltecs of the sixth cen tury or before, who founded their kingdom on the site of Tula, about fifty miles north of tbe City of Mexico. They claim by tradition an earlier origin than the Aztecs, who built cities and possessed a civilization Avliich was at its height in the time of the first expedition of Cortez. The Mexican Government lias announced a policy of extermination against these Indians. The present uprising is the sixth in their history. The Indians revolted against Spain in 1735. The Hidalgos ivere worsted in battle, but they made up for their failure in arms by their artful duplicity. The Yaquis revolted again in 1825, and again in £1832, against Mexico, when, armed with bows, battle axes and spears, and led by their celebrated chieftain, Bande ras, they made it lively for the Gov ernment troops, but were finally over come. They made another attempt in 1841, and defended their mountain fastnesses with Spartan valor, and for years held the Government at bay. Order was restored by a compromise, Tbe conflict this time will he to t4 0 death. In their ten years’ war th e Yaquis were still using almost wholly their primitive weapons. To-day they are well armed, The Yaquis are fine people, and rather deserve encouragement than annihilation, writes an American of fleer who recently visited their coun- S^rSr **•„ .^.iTT*; «, » eiittmioa nor their (leacenrisnte. Their military organization is almost per fect, and consists of companies, regi ments and divisions. The wife of our chief blushed with pleasure as one of onr number hung about her neck a string of blue beads as a parting gift. She was truly worthy of .our admiration. Ho was the grin on the face of her youngster as he began to realize what sweetness was concealed in a lump of maple sugar which we gave him. Their huts were our homes, the doors of which would always have been open to us had there been any. At the back end of each were two tiers of bunks for sleeping purposes; in the front the family squatted, cooked and lived. Mere justice demands that I should say I found nothing but clean* liness about their homes, persons and surroundings, and the high opinion which I than formed of their general intelligence, great bravery and in trinsic worth still remains unchanged. They are not savages. The talk in the papers about sur rounding them and starving them is rot, for it cannot be done at this sea son of the year. At this time down there everything is green and verdure is at its best. These Indians live on cactus, on a kind of brown sugar and on parched corn and of this they can in I IBS : ll V/ t I wmmM wmfm I m fy's- / iv l Y\ Wfrrt'**' if i, – (/ m. w \ f % A YAQUI MAIDEN AVITH PAINTED FACE. find an unlimited amount at this time of the year. It is just as sensible to put a man in a well and talk of killing him by thirst as to talk of starving these Indians uoav. Just south of the Yaqui Indians is another tribe which is about as large and Avhich sympathizes largely with the Yaquis. These are the Mayo In dians and they are probably as fine specimens of physical manhood as are to be found on the continent. They are as numerous as the Yaquis, and it is the custom of these Indians to kill all their old men and Avouien long be fore they would die a natural death, and they prevent the marriage of either a man or a woman of the tribe who is in any way imperfect or de formed. The result is they have a tribe of magnificent specimens of manhood and Avomanhood. The Mexi can Government will have its hands full with the Yaquis alone, but if the Mayos join them it will be a long drawn out contest. Bavaria, with a population of 5,- 81S,500, spends $84,800,000 a year on beer. • Spanish war veterans Cause * u "**-«" d In G. A. R. Emcampment At Philadelphia. A Philadelphia dispatch says: There were lively times at Wednesday’s ses sion of the fourteenth annual conven tion of the Association of National Veterans. A resolution providing for the a d m i ss ion of participants in the s ish war started a rumpus and the result is that there is now a split in the organization. The leader of the forces in favor of the the proposition was Past Rear Admiral B. S. Osborn of the Farragut Association, New York city. Shertzer, of Bal .burgeon A. Trego timore, stoutly maintained that the association was organized for the sail ors of the civil war only, and should die with them. The vote on the reso lution was overwhelming against ad mitting the men of the late Avar. When the result was announced the Fariagut delegates from New York and the delegates from the Admiral Boggs Association of Newark, N. J., Avalked out in a body. It is their in tention to start an opposition associa tion to be known as the United States Veteran' The encampment elected Vice Com mander-in-Chief W. C. Johnson as commander-in-chief to serve the unex pired term of tAvo days of the late Colonel Sexton and selected Chicago for the next annual encampment. The day’s proceedings included also numerous addressee and reports and a significant sparring over the report of the committee on pensions. This re port was held in the greatest secrecy. It complains of the construction of the act of 1890 for the relief of the civil war veterans and their widoAvs and orphans not conditioned upon evidence of service disability. It says the original construction of this was obligated in 1893 by unjust and arbitrary rules, but expresses the confident belief that President Mc Kinley will take measures to bring about a different ruling in the future. It asks that the limit of inoorne suffi cient to bar widows be put at not less thau $250 a year, and that other rigid condition be revoked. It repudiates the charges of inflation of the pension roll by fraudulent claims and chal lenges such assertions. The report was discussed for hours, many delegates favoring immediate adoption but the committee was finally instructed to submit it again without recommendations and resolutions. The annual reports show 287,981 members in good standing on June 30th; losses by death aggregated 7,994 and that 1,G72 deserving sick and maimed are not receiving pensions. A plea Avas made for government at tention to 6,682 soldiers’ graves un marked. Numerous auxiliary associa tions held their annual meetings with the veterans Wednesday. SCHWARZKOl’PEN SAYS NAY. Ex-German Attache Declares Ho W.ll Not Go To Iienncs. The Anzieger, Berlin newspaper* publishes an interview with Colonel Schwarzkoppe.u which is believed to define Germany’s polity toward the Dreyfus affair'. When asked whether he would go to Rennes to depose, Col onel Schwarzkoppen curtly replied: “No; I do not think the emperor will permit me to make a statement. Have we not already adopted a line of conduct in the matter? We have done so twice. First our ambassador to France declared that we had nothing to do with the affair. Then Count von Buelow, German minister of for eign affairs, confirmed that statement plainly and distinctly in thereichstag.” ALL IN SAVANNAH JAIL. The Delpgftls Held »i Darien Hare Been Transferred to Savannah. John Delegal, Eddie Delegal and Mary Delegal, their mother, arrived at Savannah, Ga., Tuesday afternoon, from DarLeu. They Avere immediately placed in the Chatham county jail, Avhere they will be held until the day of their trial in Effingham county. Germ an Entertains Chambers. The German ambassador at Wash ington gave a dinner Wednesday night to Mr. Chambers, the chief justice of Samoa, and the fact is taken to indicate a better state of feeling uoav that there is fuller knowledge re specting the course of Mr, Chambers iu Samoa. THOUSANDS OF AFFIDAVITS. Question of Railroad Assessments In North Carolina In the Courts. By far the greatest suit in which the state of North Carolina has ever figur ed will be heard before Judge Simon ton at Asheville. It involves $10, 000,000, being the additional assess ment of the Southern, Seaboard and Coast Line railway systems which the corporation commission fixed and which the roads are fighting. There nearly five thousand affidavits jn the case. The raihvays took them to prove that other property is not tax ec j over 60 per cent of its value, Avhile the state’s affidavits are to shoAv that other property is taxed as fully, MOTHER USES RAZOR. c ; l{9 Her Fiye - Year-Old child-* Throat and Then Her Own. Mrs. Dr. James Burch of Lincoln ton, Ga., iu a state of mental aberra tion, caused from continual illness at the house of her sister, Mrs. F. Dun nington, in Augusta, where she was A'isiting, cut the throat of Marie, her five-year-old child, and then cut her own throat. Both wounds are dan gerous, but both may recover. DREYFUS DECLARED GUILTY! Verdict of the Judges Was Five To Two Against the Prisoner. SENTENCE IMPOSED IS TEN YEARS’ IMPRISONMENT Penalty, However, May Be Wiped Out By the Five Years Already Served On Devil’s Island. A verdict of “guilty” was found in the celebrated Dreyfus case at Rennes, France, Saturday afternoon. For the second time this artillery captain was condemned for treason, the specific charge being the furnishing of secret French military information to the German government. The verdict closed a peeond trial by courtmartiai, the trial being in many respects the most celebrated before a military tribunal in the history of the world. Though a majority of those in the courtroom fully expected the verdict they were completely stupified when it was given, and the silence Avhich prevailed in the room and the Avay men turned pale and caught their breaths was more impressive than any other manifestation could have been. As the audience left the courtrooom fully 10 or 15 men were crying open ly, and the majority of those present walked quietly down the street for more than a block without speaking a word. It avqs like a funeral proces sion. Meanwhile a tragedy was being en acted in the little room off the court room, Avhere Dreyfus listened to reading of the verdict. He had been told the result by his laAvyers and had wept bitterly, but Avlieu in the pres ence of,the .officials of the courtmartiai ho listened impassively to the sen tence: The general belief is that Dreyfus will be pardoned, but this will not sat isfy his friends, who vehemently de clare that they Avill continue the bat tlevuctil the judgment is reversed. The verdict, they say, is directed more against the JeAvs fhau against Dreyfus, and if alloAvcd- to stand Avirl make their existence in France impos sible. ‘ The appearance on the streets Avhfen Rennes awoke Saturday morning left no doubt in the mind of anyone that the final crisis of the great trial had been reached. Instead of scattering gendarmes guarding the vicinity of the prison and the Lycee, the Avhole town bristled Avith soldiers, all the streets near the court were guarded at intervals by double lines of infan try. The last session of the conrtmartial opened at 7:30 a. m., Avhen Demange promptly resumed his speech for the defense which Avas. interrupted Friday by the adjournment of the court. The audience listened to his remarks with the most serious attention and he Avas closely followed by the judges. Counsel said he Avas convinced the bordereau was written in his natural hand by Esterhazy. There Avas entire lack of motive in the case of Dreyfus, while there was every motive on the part of Esterhazy. Dreyfus was rich and happy; he had tAvo children avIio were his pride and joy, and a wife of whose devoted courage all were aware — everything a man should desire. Why should he have risked all that? “Believe me,” added M. Demange, “my conviction comes from an honest heart. I was convinced that the judges, with the doubt which will remain on their minds, will find it impossible to declare their prisoner guilty, for they will rather turn their eyes to the men hiding on the other side of the chan nel.” After this M. Demange, with his voice broken with emotion, tears streaming down his face and hands trembling, concluded his brilliant flight of oratory as folloAvs: “My task is now accomplished. It is for yon to do yours. I pray God,” exclaimed counsel, lifting his arms toAvard heaven, “I pray God that you will restore to France the concord of which she has so much need.” Then turning to the audience, M. Demange added in conclusion: “As to you, whoever you may be, Frenchmen, be you with me or against me. liuding “VERDICT A POLITICAL CRIME.” German Opinion Vigorously Expressed Regarding Dreyfus A'erdict. A dispatch from Berlin says: The Dreyfus verdict causes a feeling al most of stupefaction in German cir cles. It has been hoped that the state ment of the Reichsanzieger, as emulat ing directly from Emperor William, would have rendered impossible the repetition of what is described as “one of the greatest judicial and polit ical crimes of any age.” It is universally agreed that the second verdict is a grave political blunder, a violation of the laws of civ ilization and an act or moral cowardice which the world w ill find it difficult to pardon. ALARMING AT KEY WEST. TAveuty-Tliree Additional Cases Yellow Fever Reported. A special of Sunday from Key West says: “TAventy-tliree new cases of yellow fever and two deaths have been reported in the past twenty-four hours. “The situation is still very and large numbers of people are sent to the detention camp at tugas.” inspiration in the sublime idea of M, Mornard before tbe court of cassation, I say to all, we are Frenchmen. Let us then be united in the common sen timent of lovo of country, love of jus tice and love of the army.” The close of Demange’s impassion ed peroration was followed by an out burst of applause, Avhioh Avas imme diately suppressed by the president. M. Labori then said that he did not desire to speak. Major Carrier, however, claimed the right to reply. When the court resumed its session after a brief adjournment, the govern ment commissary began his reply. He promised to be brief, and said lie desired to submit to the courtmartiai a simple observation: “Weigh the importance of the two categories of the Avitness; those found against the prisoner; weigh the im portance and judge, iu all the inde pendence of your character and all the strength of soldiers. Proof is every where! The hour of supreme decision has sounded. judgpent., Ijhmnceanxiously i awaits con your also await it, fidently and fully maintaining the conclusion'already announced. I de mand the application of article" 76 of the-penal code and article 267,of.the military Code.” M. Demange made a brief reply to this pud then Colonel Jouaust, presi dent of the court, asked Dreyfus if he had anything to add in his behalf. The prisoner arose and in a voice choked Avith emotion, .declared that he had only one thing to say, but that he Avas perfectly assured. Heeaid: “I affirm before my country and the army that I am innocent, My sole aim has been to save the honor of my name, the name borne by my children. I have s ffered five years of the most awful torture. But; today at least, I feel assured that I am about to nttain my desire fhrougli your loy alty and justice. ” j * - - , • TJlie Closing.Scene: , The court then retired to deliberate and the prisoner left the hall never to return, as in accordance Avith the law, the verdict Avas rendered in his ab sence. The ringing of a bell announced the re-entry of the judges, an officer ordered “carry arms!” and “present arms!” The rattle of rifles folloAved and then Colonel Jouaust marched in, saluted and laid his kepi on the table. The other judges did likewise, the gendarmes shouted “silence!” and the stillness of death fell on the audience who Avere Avaiting, heart in mouth, for the announcement of Dreyfus’ fate. Colonel Jouaust began by reading the judgment Avhich opened with the question referred to the judges by the court of cassation, was Dreyfus guilty of entering into machination to send secret documents to a foreign power? He then gave the answer, that the court, by a majority of five to two, found Dreyfus guilty. audi The pent up feelings of the ence were expressed in a long, deep drawn “Oh!” when Colonel Jouaust reached the Avord “guilty.” The Avord was pronounced under’ his breath. Owing to the threats of vigorous pun ishment for uttering any cry there were no outbursts, but the faces of the majority of the spectators reflected an expression of anguished surprise. Avith M. Labori heard the verdict pallid visage, Avhile M. Demange fell back iu a chair as though horror struck, Col. Jouaust read the judg- and ment Avithout a tremor of his voice apparently unmoved. The noise called for the stern cry of “silence! siience!” and again all around was hushed until Colonel Jouaust finished speaking. He conclu ded by saying the court would remain sitting until the room was cleared. Maitre Labori and Maitre Demange took the midnight train for Paris. They drove to the station in a closed carriage, escorted by f our mounted gendarmes. JOY IN PARIS. Condemnation of Dreyfus Received With Rejoicing In French Capital. A Paris special says: From an early hour Saturday morning the boulevards presented a scene of unwonted anima tion. The crowds eagerly seized upon the successive editions of various pa pers giving hourly accounts of the progress of the trial at Rennes, At 5 o’clock iu the afternoon lue Gnulots exhibited to an enormous crowd a placard on Avhich the words, i i Vive l’armee,” which indicated that | the verdict Avas auti-Dreyfus. The announcement Avas greeted Avith a deep hum of approval and joy. DREYFUS IS HOPEFUL. Condemned Captain Tells His Wife That He AVill Soon Be Free. A dispatch from Rennes says: Drey fus has borne the terrible shock with marvelous fortitude. His Avife visited him Sunday and to her he said: “I am not uneasy regarding think myselt. as I shall soon be free, but I oi you and my poor children. They will be branded as the children of a tra-' 1 tor.”