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iF« %! It Is bora a Geld )—c THE hem-alb of PUMPKIN. waving tho shallow corn of *
m Jmm j. from Where outshines u the flower bumblebees whoso the glow goldnu are of work- morn, color
ing, their rough backs all
bright with gold,'
kV^- And we learn busy the wondrous told. secret lv %
their hum has I v- v ‘
They say this flower sometimes
Will take n different form
And be the yellow pumpkin HI
When autumn sunshines warm.
When the skillful housewife turns
i It by some necromancy keen
1 Into the pie so toothsome, with u *T
I color bright and clean
As the yellow of the pumpkin as
y. It lay the corn among,
Has o flavor sweet whose richness 2
by toroothe poet Is unsung. pumpkin . ..
Bo give j-jfl i-af
i WithtbogoOdold-fashioned pie. •’
All hell, all long hull King Pumpkin,
I.lve ye and never die.
| OrT'ifr' THE BOER nnrn AS
A I rinnmrn lull 1
o i* i 'll
o
The Boers are born fighters, a na
tion of sharpshooter*, they never waste
a bullet; each Boer selects his man
and kills him and keeps on doiug the
same thing all day and every day un
til tho war is over. It is a cotumcu
boast with them which they have made
good in more than ouo clash with the
British, that one Boer d<i is equal to ten
Englishmen. They not come out
and fight in the open, but swarm all
over a mountain side, hiding behind
trees and rooks, and woo to the thin
red line or hollow square that comes
within range of their unerring Mar
tinis and Mausers. In fact, the Boer
victories over the British soldiers aro
largely accountable for the British
feeling against them, and in the bitter
warfare-Against the nation the success
of tho Boers has been extraordinary.
Fewer than 45(1 Boer* resisted 12,
000 of the fiercest Zulu warriors on
December 10, 13 : i8, and 11000 natives
were left dead on the field, aud this
with old flint locks. President Kru
9a ‘3H3T PEIS am as 11
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Field cornet’s messenger handing
OVER COMMANDOS TO BOEK FARMERS
TO UK READY FOR WAR.
ger, as a boy, helped the forty Dutch
men hold off 2000 of the men of Mose
litkase, then the most renowned na
tive captain in South Africa. The
bravery of tho men is shown by the
attack that 105 of them mu.de on 10,000
Zulus ou the Marico River, driving
them out of the Transvaal.
These are simply better-known in
stances of the fighting abilities of the
Boers. Every man has handled a gun
from infancy. In tho old days, when
a Boer was not fighting the fierce na
tives he was defending himself from
savage beasts. Every Boer hns been
trained in warfare. They discovered
the method of laagering their wagons,
placing them in a hollow square, which
the British generals have adopted
tho most successful wav of
the natives. The Boers have
themsolves masters of strategy,
result of constant warfare with a
*nd treacherous foe.
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Po LI c£ OFTlttR and PR INCITE
STATE- ARTILLERY
TYPES OF BOER INFANTRY, CAVALRY AND ARTILLERY.
The Government of the South Afri
can Republic is empowered to call
at any time the burghers for armed
service. The Field Cornet of each
district goes round aud serves a no
tiee on the conscripts, who, mounted
and fortified against hunger for ten
days by a supply of buck or beef,
cured in the sun, aud called “bil
tong,” concentrate in ?jfa: the
r 25
church, iron gated, iron steepled, in
t* 10 Arms are distributed
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INSPECTION OF A "COMMANDO” OF BOERS IN THE MARKET PLACE OF A TOWN.
to those who aro without them; and
as for forage, the volt iif trusted to
supply it at need. The commandant,
who is the Dutch equivalent of the
English colonel, drills his forces as
best he may; and a certain amount
of military discipline is eastly ac
quired, despite the rather slouchy ap
pearance, due in part to the absence
of uniforms, except in the case of the
commandants, the other oflieers, and
the “State Artillery.”
The Boer much resembles our Amer
ican Apache in his ability to live on
the shadow of things when in the
field. A writer of South Africa, in a
contribution to a London paper, calls
attention to tho ability of the Boer to
live on rations which an ordinary
trooper would not endure and his ca
pacity to travel great distances with
horse in incredibly short time.
The Boer knows every road and
trail Of the Transvaal; as a hunter he
knows the devious ways of the wastes
beyond. He is an agriculturist and a
hunter. By the law of self-preserva
tion he has learned the wily ways of
the savage whom he displaced in the
Transvaal. The secret recesses of the
mountains are at hifl command. As a
horseman he much resembles our
American cowboy. He can ride on top
of tho saddle, or over his horse’s
neck, or Cossask fashion, with one
foot in the stirrup, one leg on the sad
dle aud his head and shoulders on the
ground. His horse is part of his fam
ily life. The beasts are very hardy,
sure-footed and affectionate. Then,
too, the Boer is inured to the hard
ships of the mountains, to long horse
back journeys, scant allowances of
food, treks ou which the water supply
is scarce. *
In the campaign of 1881 against the
English the Boer took good care that
his forces never faced the enemy in
the open field. He never offered open
engagement. He chose his eyrie in
the mountain gorges, and from that
vantage point he picked off the foe at
his will. Even when he assaulted Ma
juba Hill he came up rock by rock,
squirming like a snake, twisting in
and out and not fil ing until he had a
mark to hit.
An English correspondent who went
through the 1881 campaign qualities wrote of at
that time of the fighting
the Boers:
“We never are able tc see tho
enemy. Except before the fight at
Majuba Hill, 1 never saw but a hand
ful of them at any time. And when
they thought we noticed them they
and their horses disappeared as if
swallowed up by the earth. I think
we all feel that they can shoot. Our
losses at Hatley and Laiug’s Nek
showed that. We were very much in
the open, but not a blessed Boer was
to be seen. But every once in a while
there was the crack of a rifle, and
then one of our poor hoys would go
over, the line would close up and w r e
would begin chasing again for the
enemy we could never fiud. I was
taken prisoner just after General
Colley was killed, aud I can say that
l could not have been treated better
by auy people. They were kind to
our wounded, did not molest the dead
nor insult us of the living. I think
they are a very brave people, aud, as
for fighting, they seem to know just
as much about it as we do.”
The Boer loves his country with a
passionate patriotism. He is not a
miner, or an engineer, or a railroad
constructor. He is pre-ominenly an
agriculturist. In Cape Colony nearly
the whole of the wheat growing
is done by the Dutch farmers of
the Western province. In the in
terior the bulk of the grain used is
supplied by the Dutch farmer of the
Transvaal. The whole of the fruit
crop is produced by Boers. Even find fat
up in Bechauanaland you will
Boer wagous from the Republic
loaded up with fruit, oat forage and
other products. pastoral
The Boers, in short, are a
folk, stolidly content to be that and
nothing else. They shun towns, shop
-V
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I MVB IVI SjJH
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£ai
BOERS RECEIVING AMMUNITION.
keeping and gold mining. ask
only to Mve in a moderate degree of
comfort, in a rude plenty; to provide
for their children as they grow up and
to be let alone. *
German Viceroy in the Carolines.
A correspondent of the Berlin
Tageblatt calls attention to the fact
that a German was Viceroy of the
Caroline Islands thirty-five years
ago. His name was Teteus, and he
w-as captain of a ship which exported
snails to China. In 1865 ha married
one of the daughters of the “King”
of the Carolines and bought of him.
one of the islands.
Alale Gout* Anion £ Sheep.
A correspondent of the Charleston
News and Courier sqndsthe following
information, based on personal ex
perience, to the farmers of South
Carolina: “If you put among a flock
of sheep from throe to four male goats
the dogs will rarely attack them.
Sheep always run to the goats for pro
tection.”
Novel Sport in the Far
The effete Parisian has just taken
up the sport of fish contests. Oriental
sporting men in Siam, Cochin China
aud some parts of Japan have long
taken great delight in the lively con
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mm
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■
SIAMESE FIGHTING FISH.
tests of the little fighting fish which
are bred in the East for this particular
purpose. The little finny belligerents
are prettily colored red and blue fish,
and when it comes to a matter of fight
alwrys stick to it to the death.
GREAT WHEAT HARVEST
BUSY AND INTERESTING DAYS IN
THE NORTHWESTERN STATES
Appearance of a Thresher’* Train a* It
4-os* Prom One .fob to Another—.What
tile Separator »oen—Relative Merits <rT
ilia Header and the Hinder Discussed.
The hum of the threshing machine
will be heard A>r the next few weeks
from the east line of Minnesota to the
farther boundaries of the Dakotas.
The land is dotted with grain stacks,
usually in groups of four, though oc
casionally a farmer, who makes a herd
or a flock the prominent feature of his
husbandry, will have his entire crop
stacked in a semicircle round the north
and west sides of his corral, At in
tervals slender columns of smoke tell
of a “steamer” at work from dawn till
dark. A stranger in the country see
ing tho steamer moving from one job
to another might easily mistake the
outfit for an innovation in railroading.
First comes the traction engine, not
unlike a locomotive engine, although
smaller and painted in brighter colors.
Immediately behind the engine is the
tender wagon fitted with a rack for
hauling straw. Nearly every engine
nowadays is a straw burner. Then
comes the separator, a monster ma
chine with thirty-six to forty-eight
inch cylinder, and a sixty-inch separa
tor. Behind the saparalor comes the
tank, resembling very closely a
Standard Oil distributing wagon,
which hauls water for tha engine from
the nearest windmill pump. Next the
“trap wagon” carrying the loose para
phernalia of the outfit, and the clothes
and bedding of themeii. If the thresh
era board with the owner of the grain
this constitutes the train, bat if, as is
generally the case, the owner of the
machine boards his crew, the “grub
shanty,” an ordinary house-wagon,
brings up the rear, making a train
from 100 to 150 feet long.
The modern separator comes pretty
near beingthe “whole thing. ” Instead
of the threshing crew of our boyhood
days—drivers, feeders, oilers, hand
cutters, four to six pitchers, measurers,
aud half a dozen straw stackers—the
crew consists of a manager, usually
the owner of the machine; engineer,
oiler, waterman, six pitchers and a
cook. The pitchers, three on a stack
on each side of the machine, throw the
bandies, higgledy-piggledy onto cylinder, an
endless belt the width of the
automatic guides straighten them and
the belt carries them under rows of
knives that cut the bands aud then
feeds them into tho cylinder. The
grain passes from the winnower into
the elevator, is carried up ten or twelve
feet to the weigher, weighed and
sacked or poured into the farmer’s
wagon box. The straw and chaffpass
into the “blower,” or automatic
stacker, a steel tube about three feet
ia diameter and thirty feet long. This
is set at the beginning of a job at an
angle of ten to fifteen degrees above
the horizon and gradually raised as
the straw stack rises to an angle of
fifty or higher. It also swings from
right to left, stacking the straw in a
semi-circle around the tail of the
machine. At the bottom a “blower”
or fan forces a draft through the tube
strong enough to carry the straw many
feet from the mouth of the stacked.
Some of the threshers require the
owner of the grain to board the crew,
but most of them have learned that it
pays better to carry their own
ing house, have meals at regular
hours, and keep their men together.
All the farmer has to do is to haul his
wheat to the granary and pay the bill,
ranging from five to six cents a bushel.
He finds it a great improvement over
the old days when he was obliged to
scour the neighborhood to get to
gether a force of twelve to twenty
men, and the farmer’s wife is de
lighted with the change.
Twenty years ago a dollar a bushel
was considered only a moderately
“paying” price for wheat. Ten years
back, when the market had worked
down below seveuty-five cents, the
wheat farmer faced certain bankruptcy
with a groan. Now, farmers in the
Northwest are selling wheat, and
making money, at fifty cents a bushel.
Many factors contribute to make this
possible, but heavier crops and lower
wages are not among them. Lower
prices on nearly everything he buys,
especially machinery, leave the farmer
a larger surplus from a given sum,
but the result is brought about most
of all by improved machinery and
systemizing the business. The gang
plow, tho four-horse harrow, the broad
drill, the binder and the headar on
the l$vel prairies of tho Northwestern
wheat fields have more than doubled
the producing capacity of labor.
As soon as one crop is off prepara- para
tion for tho next is begun, Even
now in the Dakotas and Minnesota
notable progress has beoh made to
ward the crop of 1900. On many
farms a field of forty to 100 acres was
summer fallowed in June. Then,
there is the eornfield, twenty to 100
acres more, needing only to have the
corn stalks dragged to make it ready
for the drill. As soon as the grain is
in the at–ek—and here is the strong
point of the large and increasing num
bed who use the header in preference
to the binder—the gang plow is
started. The earlier the stubble is
turned under the better tho promise
for next year. With a fourteen-inch
gang aud four good, heavy shires or
Percberons, an old man past the age
for arduous labor, a cripple, a bright
boy of twelve or thirteen—and on a
pinch the fanner’s daughter—can
turn over five or six acres of the mel
low soil a day. Decently at a G. A.
B. campfire in South Dakota, there
was a slight delay. At the last mo
meat the organist, who was to accom
pany a quartet in some old army songs,
had sent regrets, and a young man
had been dispatched for the daughter
of a comrade in an adjoining town. The
messenger found the girl afield with
tho “gang.” In an hour sho had
made a lia»ty toliet and was playing
the organ as prettily as you please.
By the middle of September the 100
j\cres, which is the area prescribed by
the unwritten law for each gang, 'is
turned. Then comes a long rest, so
far as the wheat crop is concerned,
until April .1. About that season of
the year, if you should be driving
through the realms of tho wheat kings,
you would witness some transtorma
tions. Yesterday ihe snowJrifs were
melting in the Apiil sun; to-day the
farmer, or the farmer’s man, is follow- •
ing the four-horse, thirty-sis loot
harrow, smoothii g an acre for the
drill at every sweep acro-ss the quar
ter section. To-morrow the drill
starts. No daylight is wasted.
Twelve to twenty acres a day is seeded
till the crop is in. Then the rush is
over. At more leisnre the garden is
made, the cornfield plowed, planted
and cultivated. In July, haying and
preparation for the harvest are in
order.
If Fortune has smiled; if shower
and sunshine have followed each other
'in due proportion; if drouth and
sirocco, tornado and hailstorm have
spared them, the fields of ripening
wheat are a poet’s dream. But to the
farmer in the great'wheat belt harvest
is distinctly and emphatically non- and
poetical. It means long days
short nights, dust and sweat, grimy
face, hands blackened with oil, weari
ness and aching joints. Harvest is
the most critical and important part
of the ,, year , s Work, ,
rhe most practxcal and successful
wlleat , growers are divided in opinion
a3 the r0 lati'- e “ 0rits ot binder aud
header , - The headers are made-to cut
a te f> t"’® 1 '’ 0 or fourteen foot swath,
a twelve-foot header thirty to
thirty-nve , acres a day can be put in
stack, but it requires a crew of
sis to eight men and boya and eight
or tea Uorses - Wlth a 8 «-foot binder
two men with three horses will put in
the shock twelve or thirteen acres.
But horses are more plentiful thau
men in tho Western harvest fields.
By using a seven-foot binder and
eight horses in two reliefs, three men
frequently put up twenty header acres it or is
more in a day. For the
contended that the harvest can be
taken off more quickly and cheaply
and the graiu is in the stack when it
is cut, leaving the field ready for to
plow earlier than by any other means.
The advocates of the binder argue
that it is not always possible to secure
enough hands to fill tho header crew
while the farmer can run his binder
with one hired man.
By either method the work is
pushed from dawn till dark, The
farmer and his help reach the end of
harvest worn down by hard work and
long hours, but with a sense ©f relief
that tho fruite of .the year’s labor are
measurably secure against the hazards
of the elements. While wheat is, and
must necessarily remain, the leading
feature of Northwestern agriculture,
the best farmers have ceased to de
pend on the wheat crop alono for their
living. A herd of cattle, a flock o'f
sheep, a few pigs, the great American
hen, and a well kept garden supply
mauy of his family wants, leaving
him in hotter shape if tho wheat crop
fails.
Miss Proctor’s Youtlitul Critics.
Miss Mary Proctor, the astronomer
and lecturer, takes a deep interest in
social settlement work in the big
cities, and frequently gives her per
sonal services toward entertaining
poor children and adults. Generally
her lectures are very well received.
Many of her audiences often manifest
better attention than those drawn from
higher circles. Now and then there
are exceptions.
On one occasion a bright-eyed little
boy, who sat in the front row with his
eyes fixed upou the speaker, was asked
how he liked it.
“I guess,” he said, “it was pretty
good, but she ought to talk about lions
and tigers. That’s better for every
body.”
At another lecture a youngster criti
cised her as follows:
“It’s all very well to talk of weigh
ing and measuring stars. There are
some people, of course, who believe
that sort of thing, but if she can fool
us boys w-ith such fairy tales she’s
very much mistaken.”—Philadelphia
Saturday Evening Post.
A Startling; Mexican Custom.
It is a little startling to newcomers
at first to notice the universal custom
ia Mexico of addressing persons of
high aud low degree by their first
names. As soon as friends are at all
well acquainted they address each
other by the given name, and this is
^ oirG n °k only by those of the same
a S e aU( * cex > but indiscriminately
among young men and young women,
young people and cldef ptrio’gL In
the latter case, or between elderly
persons, a respectful prefix is uaed,
as “Don” Ricardo. Public charac
ters are also commonly referred
to by their first names, even the wife
of the President of the Republic being
affectionately called Carmoncita by all
classes. In the household the head
of the house is called Don Joee or
Don Manuel by the servants, aud a
son in distinction is known as Man
uelito (little Manuel).
Cnrloi*3 ISilects of X.ichtmn«j.
During a recent thunderstorm in
Berlin most curious effects were pro
duced by the lightning on the persons
who were struck. Some of the strange
freaks performed are described as fol
lows: “None of the wounded have ex
tensive burns; the wounds look as if
caused by a charge of grain shot. The
holes reach to the bone, and are sur
rounded by a web of blue and brown
lines. Mauy of the injured have quite
a number of such wounds in their feet
and ankles, while others got off with
a skin covered with blue and brown
marks, as if beaten with a thick stick,”
"He Is Wise Who
Talks Bat Little.’’
This is only a half truth . If <cohe rtett
laid held their tongues, <we should kn OTO
nothing about the circulation of the blood.
If it ere not for this Advertisement you
might never hno=w that Hood's Sa.rsa.pa..
rilla is the best blood tntdicinc.
Myod^SqUap aiiliq
Rough on the Doctors.
In Lexington avenue Is a sign which
reads: ‘‘To rent—this parlor floor—to
a doctor or a gentleman.” it recalls
the remark of a girl In discussing the
formation of a new whist club.
“It is very odd,” she observed, “that
from among my acquaintances I have
obtained as members five doctors aud
one gentleman.”
Evidently the doctors need not f e el
unduly puffed ns to their standing in
the community.—New York Commer
cial Advertiser.
Iiost Sight
Restored and the eyes cured by using
Findley’s Eye Salve. No pain, sure cure or
money back. 25c. box. All druggists, or
by mail, 25c. per box. J. P. Hayteb, Deca
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Godly love always manifests tenderness
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Kite permanently cured. N'o fits or nervous,
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Worth 54 to $6 compared with
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ALL LEATHERS. ALL STYLES
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