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KNIGHTS OF LABOR.
PACTS OFINTEIIKST ABOUT THIS
POWERFUL ORDER.
How it was Organized—Its Princi¬
ples—An Estimate of its Strength
—Officers of the Organiza¬
tions—New Features.
Philadelphia was the birthplace of
‘The Noble Order of the Knights of
Labor,” and its founder was Uriah S.
Stevens, a tailor, who was born in Cape
May county, N. J., on August 3, 1821.
In 1851) lie collected together the first
body of laboring men under the above¬
given title, though the first properly or¬
ganized local assembly was not created
until 1873. The order spread rapidly,
for as scon as its general ob jects were
made known to wage-earners their sym¬
pathies were inevitably enlisted and they
saw, in the plans contemplated by what the
founders, the means of effecting
probably could not be achieved by sep¬
arate trade organizations. Well enough
in their way as they were, they were far
behind the scheme of the Knights, which
was to knit in one common brother¬
hood all bodies of wage-earners from the
Atlantic to the Pacific, so that, if neces¬
sary, the power of the union could be
brought to bear, through indirect influ¬
ence, with its whole weight upon the
capitalist struggling against whom he his in employes the most
were even were
remote corner of the land. From Phila¬
delphia the Order of the Knights of
Labor spread to Pittsburg, and then it
seized a firm hold on the coal and iron
regions of Pennsylvania. In 1878 a con¬
vention was held for the formation of a
General Assembly of North America, and
Mr. Stevens, who had presided over
Local Assembly No. 1, was chosen as
General Master Workman, the head of
the order. He served a second term.
From this time on the progress made by
the Knights was more rapid attended probably
than that which has ever any
similar association.
The aims of the order are stated in its
declaration of principles to be: “First,
to make industrial and moral worth, not
wealth, the true standard of individual
and national greatness; second, to se¬
cure to the workers the full enjoyment
of the wealth they create, sufficient leis¬
ure in which to develop their intellec¬
tual, moral and social faculties; all of the
benefits, recreation and pleasures of asso¬
ciation; in a word, to enable them to
share in the gains and honors of advanc¬
ing civilization.” In order to
secure these results the fol
lowing demands are made “at the
hands of the stateThe establishment
of bureaus of labor statistics; the reserva¬
tion of public lands to actual settlers;
the abrogation of all laws that do not
hear equally upon capital and labor and
the improvement of the administration of
justice; legislation to protect the health
and lives of those engaged in industries,
and for proper indemnification in case of
injury; the recognition of unions of
laboring men; the compelling of corpo
rations to pay employes “weekly, in law
ful money, for the labor of mechanics the preceding and
week, and securing to products of
laborers a first lien upon the
their labor to the extent of their full
wages;” the total abolition of the con
tract system; the establishment of com
pulsory arbitration between employers
and the employed; the prohibition of the
hiring out of contract labor, and “tint a
graduated income tax be levied.”
Of Congress the most adoption important of mea¬ the
sures demanded are the
telegraphs tn't nnd telephones by the gov
era and the creation of postal sav
ings non’ s -
It is impossible to estimate closely the
strength of the Order of the Knights of
Labor. Though all the trades unions
are not embraced in the order, there are
thousands of men belonging to these sep
aratc bodies who are members
•f tho common brotherhood,
Naturally the knights „ . . desire to
keep their strength unknown to out- full
aiders, lest by a knowledge of the
extent of the powers which would have
to be met, capital in some cases might
feel justified in meeting a contest or de- in
prolonging its resistence to labor's
mands. There are said to be about 5,000
local assemblies of the order in the coun
try. and it is believed that a modest esti
mate would put the average membership
at one hundred to each assembly. Of
course many of the local bodies number
fewer members, but on the other hand
there are many which contain several
hundreds on their rolls. Not less than
500,000 members may be credited to tho
order throughout the country, careful
inquiries lead one to place the present
maximum membership at not over 1.000,
000. The strength of.the order, however,
is rapidly increasing.
The order embraces many other than
manual laborers. In the membership are
merchants, employers of labor in numer¬
ous trades and manufactories, architects,
clergymen, physicians, newspaper men,
and, more than might be expected, con
gre sional and State legislators and mem¬
bers of State and municipal governments
are Knights of Labor. The only busi¬
nesses which are debarred from admis
sion arc those of the banker, stockbroker
lawycr and liquor dealer. With regard
to the last business the exclusion is so
wide as to keep out all persons who de¬
rive any profit or income from the sale
of intoxicating drinks. Many women
are members of the organization, and one
of its fundamental principals is “equal
pay for equal work.”
The order is composed of local assem¬ dis¬
blies which send delegates to the
trict assemblies, and the latter are rep¬
resented in a General Assembly, which
local is the supreme legislative composed body. far The
assemblies are as as
possible of members of one particular
trade. Where this is impracticable a
“mixed” assembly is organized. The
local assemblies regulate their own initia¬
tion fees and annual dues, but each
Knight pays twenty-four cents a year to
the General Assembly. These contribu¬
tions form the fund from which are paid
the expense of the officers and organ¬
izers, boycotting, maintaining strikes,
etc. The General Assembly meets an¬
nually. It chooses officers and an ex¬
ecutive committee that is entrusted with
the direction and government of the aft
fairs of the order. The head quarters
of the order are wherever the secretary
may live. At present they are at No.
202 Spruce street, Philadelphia, the home old
of Mr. Turner, a perfect type of an
fashioned three-story Philadelphia dwell¬
ing.
General Master Workman Powderly
receives a salary of $1,500 and the scre
tary-treasurer gets $1,200. The mem¬
bers of the executive board are paid like
mechanics, $3 and expenses for every
day of actual work in the cause. Dele¬
gates anti organizers of new assemblies
are the only other members who receive
pay and then they get it only when la¬
boring. department is fea¬
The insurance a new
ture of the order. Membership is not
compulsory. By the payment of $1.25
any one between the ages of eighteen and
fifty may secure to his heirs $500 on his
death. The insurance payments are made
by assessment upon the members when¬
ever a death occurs. The local assemblies
may order strikes without permission
from the executive committee, but unless
they are authorized no assistance can be
commanded from other assemblies or the
higher bodies. Only when the resources
of the district have been exhausted by a
strike is the financial aid of the whole
body called upon,
In some of the small towns and villages
co-operative stores have been established
and maintained. A great deal of secrecy
is still kept around the order, but it is
far less mysterious than when it was
started. Then even the name of the or
ganization was suppressed and members
were forbidden to acknowledge their
membership. To-day they are not per
mitted to say who is a member, though
they may acknowledge their ownconnec
tion with the order .—-New York Tribune.
Novel Use of Halil Heads.
h» « T
.Uncovered, acvopt.ng as true the state
^e Fr^rioh IVib
liam made a sort of royal progress
throu?h unitod Germany at the close of
the hostilities (with France), each town
v j ed its neighbor in presenting imperial some i
novclt b way honor to his
hi£?hncss Qne capelmeister conceived
^ idea of utilizing the ancient opera
and U p 0n the entrance of the
p riucu j nt0 tbc box. already decorated
for him, certain men in the pit stood up,
making the letters of “Unser Fritz” in
bald heads below.
The cable announces that Prince Henry
heavy fall .
of Battenberg recently got mishap a
while hunting. A similar once
endangered the brilliancy of these col
unms, but it was ever so long ago, and
hunting for jam on the top shelf in the
pantry was the cause of the calamity.—
Chicago Ledger.
“I tvi l you how it is w th me, Mrs.
B jdgett,” said the dres y neighbor.
‘-When I goto church and get all stirred
up and agitated over what a desperate
wicked set we are, I feel vexed and put
out to think what a shame it was that
Eve didn’t mind her ovu business and
not briug such heaps of trouble upon
us ; but when I put on a new dress that
fits me so nice I can’t find a particle of
fault with it, and a hat that makes every
woman I meet feel as though she hadn’t a
friend in the vorld, then I will own up
that I do feel downright glad she was
fond of fruit.”
A well-known statesman is spoken
of by an exchange as a man of quiet
tastes. Takes a bottle behind the wood
shed, eh ?
Throe members of my family, says Mr.
,Tao.es A. Sample, Cash Room, office of the
Treasurer, U. S., who were suffering from ag¬
gravating coughs, have been much benefited
by taking Red Star Cough Cure. None of the
ill effects so noticeable in other cough reme*
lies, have followed the use of this.
The a b’est minds claim that there is no such
thing as absolute originality possible. Noth¬
ing, they argue, has ever been produced by
man that did not resemble something in the
earth or visble heavens. The new spring hat
is tlie nearest approach to an exception yet
discovered.
In every land and clime, the merits of St.
Jacobs Oil, as the only conqueror of pain, are
being acknowledged by the press and people.
“Egg Sociables’’are now prevalent in Kings¬
ton, N. Y. Every young lady brings an egg
along, draws writing her name on it. Each young
man one of these eges out of a bag, and
must act as an escort, for the young lady whose
name is inscribed on tho egg'he draws.
“O, It wan Pitiful.’*
Of course it was! He tried one remedy after
another, and finally gave up and died, when
his life might have been saved by taking Dr.
Pierce’s “Golden Medical Discovery”—the
great “Consumption Cure”—which, if prompt¬
ly employed, such will soon subdue labored all threatening
symptoms, as cough, breathing,
night-sweats, spitting strength of blood, etc., and re¬
storing waning and h (h
stop the poor consumptive’s • P- progress drug
graveward. Is it not worth trying? All
gists.
If every woman cmid have a husband, fe¬
male suffrage would cease to be agitated.
Its thousands of cures are the best advertise¬
ment for Dr. Sage's Catarrh Remedy.
The ice man may nor, be much of a skater but
he can make fancy figures on ice.
The Proud Woman’s Airs.
Why is a proud woman like a music book?
8he is full of airs. And if they blow on her,
coughs and colds must follow. Do not neglect
them, but take Taylor’s Cherokee Remedy of
Sweet Gum and Mullein.
If you need a perfect tonic or a blood puri¬
fier, take Dr. Jones’ Red Clover Tonic. It
speedily cures all troubles of the stomach, kid¬
neys and liver, Can be taken by the most del¬
icate. Price 50 cents.
Stop t hat Cough, that tickling in the throat!
Stop that Consumptive Condition!
You can be cured! You can’t afford to wait!
Dr. Killmer’s quickly Cough Cure [Consumption Oil ]
will do it and permanently. 25 cents.
The habit of running over boots or shoes
corrected with Lyon’s Patent Heel Stiffeners.
A Druggist’s Story.
Mr. Isaac C. Chapman, druggist, Newburg, N. V ,
writes us : “I have for the past ten years sold sever.;
gross of Dn. Wm. Hall’s Balsam for the Lungs, i
can say of it what I cannot say of any other mod ■
cine. I have never heard a customer speak of it ’out
to praise its virtues in the highest manner. I have
recommended it in a great many cases of Whoopina
Cough, with the happiest effects. I have used it in
my own family for many years; in fact, always hav«
a bottle in the medicine closet.”
A QUEST/ON ABOUT
Browns Iron
Bitters
ANSWERED.
The question has probably been asked thousands
of times. "How can Brown’s Iron Bitters cure every¬
thing?” Well, it doesn’t. Hut it would does cure any disease IKON
for which a reputable physician prescribe
Physicians recognize Iron as the best restorative
agent known to the profession, and inquiry of any
leading chemical firm will substantiate the assertion
that there are more preparations of iron than of any
other substance used in medicine. This shows con¬
important clusively that iron is acknowledged to be the most
factor in successful medical practice. It is,
however, a remarkable fact, that prior to the discov¬
ery of BROWN’S IRON BITTERS no perfect¬
ly satisfactory iron combination had ever been found.
BROWN’S IRON BIHERS&«S2
headache, or produce constipation—all other iron
medicines do. BROWN’S IRON BITTERS
euros Indigestion. Biliousness, Weakness,
Dyspepsia, Malaria, C bills and Fevers,
Tired Feeling,General Debility,Pain in the
Side, Back or Limbs, Headache and Neural¬
gia—for all these ailments Iron is prescribed daily.
BROWN’S IRON BITTERS.Sr^
minute. Like all other thorough medicines, it acts
•lowly when taken by m'n the first symptom or
benefit is renewed energy. The muscles then become
firmer, the digestion improves, the bowels are active.
In iromew the effect is usually more rapid and marked.
The eyes begin at once to brighten; the skin clears
np; healthy color comes to the cheeks: nervousness
disappears; lar. and if functional derangements become regu¬
supplied a for nursing the child. mother, abundant sustenance
rs Bitters the Remember Brown’s Iron
junous. is ONLY iron medicine that is not in
Physicians ami Druggist* recommend it.
The Genuine has Trade Mark and crossed red lines
on wrapper. i’AKF NO OTHER.
i and PORTAE MILLS * m
fi.i. BeLoaci k Bra., Atlanta. Ga.L ¥
| Plafg* Prices wonderfttily .low. Send form ’
ctHOegM. MeaUoa tkw
DROPSY
TREATED FREE!
DR. H. H. GREEN,
A Specialist for Eleven Years Past,
Has treated Dropsy and its complications with the
most wonderful success; uses vegetable remedies,
entirely harmless. Removes all symptoms of dropsy
in eight to twenty pronounced days. hopeless by the best of
Cures patients
phvsieians. From the first dose the symptoms rapidly disap¬
pear, and in ten days at least two-thirds of all symp¬
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Some rnay cry humbug without knowing anything
about it. Remember, it does not cost you anything
to realize the merits of my treatment for yourself.
In ten days the difficulty of breathing is relieved,
the pulse regular, the urinary organs made to dis¬
charge their full duty, sleep is restored, the swelling
all or nearly goue, the strength increased, and appe¬
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live a week. Send for 10 days’ treatment; directions
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is bowels costive, have legs bursted and dripped
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Ten days’ treatment furnished free by mail.
Send 7 cents in stamps for postage on medicine.
Epilepsy fits positively cured. GREEN,
H. H. M. D..
Ment ion this 55 Jones Avenue, Atlanta, Ga.
paper.
EPITHELIOMA!
OB SKIN CANCER.
For seven years I suffered with a cancer on my
face. Eight, months ago a friend recommended the
use of Switt’s Specific, and l determined to make an
effort to procure it. In this I was successful, a na
began its use. The influence of the medicine at first
was to somewhat aggravate the sore ; but soon the
Infiamation was allayed, and I began to improve
after the first few bottles. My general health has
greatly improved. I am stronger, and am able to do
any kind of work. The cancer on my face began to
decrease and the ulcer to heal, until there is not a
vestige of it left—only a little scar marks the place.
Mas. Joicie A. McDonald.
Atlanta, Ga., August 11,18S5.
Treatise on Blood and Skin Diseases mailed'free.
The Swift Specific Co., Drawer 3, Atlanta, Ga.
N. Y., 157 W. 23d St.
_
A Skin of Beauty is a Joy Forever.
DR. T. FELIX GOURAUD’S
ORIENTAL CREAM. OR MAGICAL 1EA0TIFIER.
flh 3 O §**s Removes Tan, Moth-Patches, Pimples,
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and defies detection. It has
atood the test of
130 'so years and is
-3 % o* harmless we
« taste It to be sure
« O the preparation
oo * is properly
m i made. Accept
res-i F no simila^ame. courgerfeit
of
The distinguish¬
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fy* said to a lady of
the haut ton,
(a patient): “As
wm you ladies will
use them, I rec¬
ommend ‘Gour
aud’s Cream’ as
the least harmful of all the Skin preparations.” One bottle
" ill last six months, using it every day. Also FoudreSub¬
tile removes superfluous hair without injury to the skin.
Mfcif.. 51. It. T, dOl MAPI), Sole Prop., 48 Kuml St., New York.
For sale by Druggists and Fancy Goods Dealers in the
“■ S., Canadas, Europe. tvTBeware of base imitations.
; l ,000 1 toward for arrest and proof of any one selling same.
m Bia > 5 TON
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HHE
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Special disc owht to the Trade. r.i fr iflarr"'
Send for Prtce-Ust.
J. C. LIGHTHOUSE,
Rochester, N. 1.
The Acme contains 114 American \I* I ftlflO |A
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Also, lOO Songs of the Hay, including “ Wall
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“Peek-a-Boo! ” “When Robins Nest Again”
“ I’ll Await My Love," etc. Both books, and
logues of music, novelties, free, cata¬
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N. U. TRIJTET.408 Washington St., Boston, Mass*
WILSON S
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ill ): ; lar. oil guarantee. T. T. WINDSOR A CO., Nos.
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-
CONSUMPTION, I have a positive remedy for the above disease; by It*
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Dr. WARD & CO.. LOUISIANA, mo.
PBOFUsEL •GMSffinssnssE; T ILLUSTRATED, *nd EAST ;
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THURSTON'S PEARL IVORY TOOTHPOWDER
K.cepln g Teeth Perfect and Gama Healthy,
|w r\ 4k I EL ftl li “W | O O Obtained. Send stamp fop
I Inventors’ Guide. L. Bi.ve
ham, Patent Lawyer. Washington. D. C
A. N. U StiVriitecii, ’84a