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PHYSIOLOGY AND HYGIENE.
Dr. Hunt in# on Obesity—Critical Hours In
the Sick Room—One Cure for Earache.
Dr. Banting gives, in Popular Science
’Jew . directions for the treatment, without
madioiiK . of obesity, of which the following
are in substance the principal points: People
inclined to eorpuh-uoe must diminish tho
quantity of their food. They must also take
the sort of food that will produce the least
amount of fat, but will give strength; they
should therefore take more of nitrogenous
and less o^m bonaceous food. Of beet, veal,
mutton, lamb and pork, the first is the least
and 1 lie last the most beat producing. Pork,
therefore, should not be eaten. White bread
makes heat and fat; rye is less heating* oat¬
meal is good for strength and is very suitable;
riec makes fat; potatoes contain a great deal
of starch and are not to be eaten; milk k too
fattening; fruits may bo eaten; coffee and
teaoon bo taken, but without milk or sugar.
Water must be taken very sparingly—one
glassful iii twenty-four hours, if yKissible.
Exercise must not bo violent, as that pro¬
ducts an opj>etite; yet, if it l>e walking, if
perspiration * is produced to a slight degree, it
is an advantage. Eight bout's’ sleep is
enough as a rule, and seven will be generally
suflicient.
As there are more thin people in the world
than fat people, Dr. Banting adds a word of
advice t o the former. They must sleep all
they can; keep early hours for retiring; Ike
down in the middle of the day; drink a great
deal of water; eafe heartily, especially of far¬
inaceous food; take plenty of exeorcise, but
in moderation. The value of cheerfulness is
emphasized. Follow the okl adage, “Laugh
and grow fat.”
I.txnon Juice.
Tho lemon is a fruit much used in the sick
room and, in tho opinion of Herald of Health,
in many instances unwisely. Lemonade
being a very refreshing and agreeablo drink,
is easily taken in exoces by persons suffering
from level’s, a fact which should not be for
gotten. In fynhiod fever, for instance, its
immoderate u* would be attended with dan
gcr, inducing, ns it might, additional de
rangement in un already inflamed intestinal
mucous membrane. In all inflammatory
diseases of the stomach and bowefla lemonade
should only bo given after the attending
physician has sanctioned ins use. During the
past few years lemon juice has become quite
popular in tho management of diphtheria
from the supposed action on tho membraneous
deposit in the throat. There liavo also been
attribuled to tho juice marked virtues in the
functional derangement of the liver, com
monly called “bilious disorders.” Some per
sons so affected have found benefit from its
persistent use; tho symptoms of others, how
ever, have been aggravated by it.
Purifying Water by ISoriling.
In some parts of Germany no water is
giyen to children until it lias been l>oiled to
kill the germs of any disease present. Dr.
M. L. Holbrook points out certain advau
tages mid disadvantages of this jiractice
among the poor, with whom food is notabun
dunk, us follows: The boiled water deposits
on tho keltic its lime, and this is a loss o so
much mineral matter. It kills the germs,
which is beneficial. If the child is suitably
fed no harm is done, but a positive benefit;
lm t if not well fed it is a direct loss to the bones
to lose the liuie in the water. Pure fresh
water from springs dees not contain germs,
and if it Is used there is no use in boiling it,
Germs, however, may' develop in standing
water in a few hours’ exposure to tho air.
The lee Ilag In Sen Sick Mess.
In a recent‘letter to a daily paper, says
Science, a-correspondent states that lie has
made tweuty-six tiips across the Atlantic,
and lias iu every instance, except the last,
suffered very much from sea sickness. On
his last trip ke had with him a rubber bag,
twelve inches l(*ig uitd four audios wide, tho
mouth of which was closed by an iron clamp.
Tbis he filled with small pieces of ice and ap
plied to the spino at the base of the brain from
half to three-quarters of an hour every morn
ing. It had a most s*x>tiimg effect, and he
enjoyed every hour and every meal.
A Cure for Earache.
The Medical World says that earache may
I be cured by directing a gentle stream of
f water as hot as can bo borne directly into tho
ear from a fountain syringe. Care must lie
taken not to allow the force of the stream to
become too gre at.
MEN OF CONSEQUENCE.
Senator Dawes, of Massachusetts, is 71
years of age.
It is said that one day recently Mr. Blaine’s
mail numbered 1,080 letters.
Obi. Lament will remain in McGrawville
until the middle of SJeptembeA
Governor Proctor Knott thinks of becom¬
ing a Louisville newspaper man.
Hon. Daniel , Dougheity, ^ of Philadelphia, , . , .
write* that he is havmg a capital time in
Park.
Lfi. Dr Currv Guirv, United umceaecaees States minister ministertoapam, to Suain
is at White Sulphur Springs. He will return
to Madrid this month.
Kuki, rr .... the Japanese r minister • t *■ at *■ ur Washing- v •
ton, is not a convert to Christianity, but has
had his children baptized.
The poet Wbattier and the poet Stedman
recently spent the day together at the latter’s
summer home in New Hampshire.
Geueral William Raymond Lee, a West
Point veteran, lives, halo and hearty, in
West Roxbury, Mass., at the age of 80.
Cardinal Gibbons will pronounce the cl*s
Ing prayer and benediction at the constitu
tional centenn al celebration, Philadelphia,
Sept. 17.
General Albert Pike is very fond of bfrds
and has in his .study dozens of them in cages—
mocking birds, canaries, robins, blue birds
and others.
Congressman John T. Wait, of Connecti¬
cut, reached h « 'hlth birtixiav last week. He
has been a memlfcr of f>l>o Norwich bar for
fifty-one yea) s.
Yon Plum Lee, Yale ’87, who recently mar
ried an American lady of New Haven, has
accepted a positio.ii on tho editorial staff of
The New Haven Register.
Col. Thomas E. Rose, who organized the
famous escape from the Libby prison in 1804,
by which forty-nine Union soldiere regained
their freedom, is at Cape May.
Wilford Woodruff, the new head of the
Morinon church, is 80 yea re of age, and has
always been a man of mediocre ability. He
has been in hiding two years and is still out
of sight to all save tho faithful.
SOCIAL ETIQUETTE.
Manners ami Customs Practiced bn
Polite Society.
When a day comes that finds us with a long
ing for the country we are tempted to act
upon some general invitation to visit a coun
t ,r.y friend. To people contemplating such a
Good Housekeeping recalls the oft
quoted “Don’t.” Don’t go unless you have a
special invitation for a special day from the
lady of the house. General invitations mean
nothing at all, and it is never safe to accept
any^kind of a one from the paterfamilias,
wh ® Probably knows about as much as you of
the domestic arrangements of his household.
Money matters are always a delicate sub
between friends. But, suggests tho
authority already referred to, though we can
seldom remunerate them for the trouble they
take for us in dollars and cents, yet some
times there will be ways in which it may be
done. It is easy to give presents to children,
although it is harder to give anything to
the mother, yet by exercising a little tact,
you may be able to do it. She cannot refuse
° pretty piece of fancy'woik that you have
« iade duriH & > r ° ur visit ’ aud book * an(l ma S a_
z ' ,u ' s Crtn usually be safely offered,
A Relief to Hostess and Gaest.
It is usually a relief to a hostess to have her
visitor entertain herself for a part of the
morning at least. This the guest will gener
ally' be glad to do, if she has a cheery, com
for table room, some writing materials, inter¬
esting Lwoks, and an easy chair in which to
enjoy them.
Friendbf Behavior.
In society' we should try to carry entertain
meat with us ami to seem entertained with
our company. A friendly behavior often
conciliates and pleases more than wit or liril
liaucy.
Authoresses who desire to set' themselves in
print would do well to wear calico dressy
and stand before looking glasses.--Toronto
Globe.
There is a man in Nassau so short that
when he is ill he doesn’t know whether he has
the headache or corns.—Texas Colonel.
WELL KNOWN WOMEN.
Queen Victoria is writing another book,
but what about nobody knows.
The phenomenal violin player of Canada is
Miss Edith Littlehale, of Hamilton, Ont.
Mrs. Mackay has been persuaded by' Lady
Burdett-Coutts to join the latter in a plan for
the assistance of London’s starving poor.
Miss Marcia Marvin, daughter of the late
Bishop E. M. Marvin, has been appointed
matron in the Mission school at Piracicaba,
Brazil ’
^ „ I S -^ <pAleneon ^lngdon flounce Gould „ that ,, cut ^ upa belonged ^10, 00
once
to to the the Fmnreas fcmp,ess Etnrenie Eugenie to to trim turn her he. habv’s bab> s
n '
Mrs. j ames g. Blaine, Jr., is one of the
most enthusiastic of photographic amateurs,
and j leJ . fl ovver pictures form a collection
worth examining,
A testimonial concei*t to Miss Sara Jewett
was given last week by a number of fine rau
sicians at Clifton Springs, where she has been
spending the summer.
Signora Verdi, wife of “II Trovatore,” is a
very charitable woman. She is now putting
up a splendid hospital at Busseto, which she
and Verdi will endow,
A sister of the late “Jim” Fisk is at Sara
toga. She is the wife of Col. Hooker, of
Bennington, Vt., and is possessed of many
charms of person and intellect.
’ Queen Marie, of Hanover, broke her awm
last week at the Duke of Cumberland’s villa
at Pinsin , near Vienna, through falling on
the highl polished floor of the picture gal
lery.
Miss Mary Grant, an English sculptor of
considerable reputation and a niece of- a
former president of the Royal academy, is on
a visit to this country, and is now in Boston.
Hhe has made a bust of Queen Victoria.
Miss Celeste Stauffer, of New Orleans, is
one of the leaders of out of door sports at
Newport. 1'ilden Her taste in dress is superb, and
Samuel left her enough money to ena
ble her to Ratify her tastes in any direction,
Mrs. Gen. Logan has been in Chicago ar
ranging for the building of tho monument
which is to commemorate her husband’s pa¬
triotism. She a so looked after tbe general’s
book. Mrs. Logan will reside in Washing¬
ton.
The empress of Austria has a kind heart.
While she was at Cromer this summer a
fisherman was drowned there. She went to
his cottage alone, broke the news as tenderly
as possible to the widow, and left her a purse
containing $2,000.
Mrs. Cleveland is a lady of fortune as well
as a fortunate lady. Congressman McShane,
of Nebraska, is authority for tho statement
that the present valuation of the Omaha
property in which the president’s wife and
her mother have each an eighth interest is
$800,000.
One of the greatest characters of London
society' is Maria, Dowager Marchioness of
Aylesbury. She is an octogenarian, very eo
centric and sarcastic, but, despite great pov
erty, a favorite in the grandest houses. Many
of the English papers don’t hesitate to refer
to her as “Old Maria.”
The Middle Ages.
1 he Middle Ages is a name applied to the
period between the fall of the Roman empire
to the Fifth century and the invention of
printing i)i the Fifteenth, oi,as timed by'
some historians, from the invasion of France
b\ r Clovis m 486 to that of Naples l>y Charles
VIII in 1495. It comprised about ten cen¬
turies, and is also often called “The Dark
Ages.”
French Assignats.
After appropriating to national purposes
the land belonging to the church, the French
national assembly, instead of bringing it into
the market at, a time of insecurity when its
value was depreciated, issued bonds on the se¬
curity of it, which were called assignats, as
representing land assigned to the holder.
Cool Answers.
“Hi! you dropped a brick up 1 here!” shouted
a pe<Vstrian on whose shoulder one of those
artidw had fallen from n three s|o: v scaffold.
“All right.” cheerfully re;ponded ihe brick
layer; “you needn't lake Ur* i rouble 1 > bring
it.up.” “What is the nmUjtr?" asked a law¬
yer of his coachman. “The lu*rse t are lim¬
ning away, sir.” “‘Can’t you'; u'i hi ::i up?”
“I’m afraid not.” ‘Then.” mid ike ..war,
after judicial d*4nv, ::i i.do feme; king
#b‘eap. —UliamU j s' Jian iad.
THE CURIOSITY SHOP.
The Achromatic I,ens—It Tak s
Glasses to Make an Object (
The achromatic lens is so called
transmits light without dividing it i
The white ray of light is made up
ber of colored rays, which have di
grees of refrangibility. When th |
is refracted it divides itself into
rays, which deviate in various w . Hoi
straight j .... lide of the , simple ray, awd do nt d
focus at the same point, thus surroundin
object viewed with a halo of various c<
it was for many years thought that thi;
^ ect could not be remedied, but the nect
im|)1 . ovement w#8 invented about ITS
John Dolhmd. He made a double k*>
flint and ground glass. These two kind
glass differ as to their power of dispe
colors, so by using a convex ions of e
glass, with a concave one of flint glo
perfectly colorless image was obtained.
A New Sovereignty.
The Congo Free State is now one of tin i
Ognized sovereignties of the world, consti . f
under international guarantees. The so • i
eign of the Free Slate is King Leopo'i < <
Belgium, and there are under him fou*
luini ^' ative tlivisions or Provinces, ai
head ot which are native chiefs. The an•
the state is 1.050.200 square miles, with a j J I
ulation of 27,000,000. The territory inclu
a strip on the north side of the Congo, e:x .
from Manyanga to tLie Likona, claimed -|
the France, Congo and and embraces its the basin watered lj
tributaries, extending •■! ]
the Niger water shed on the north, to U;. <
and Ujiji on the east, and to include UlrnuU
Urula and Lake Bangweola on the s til
The trade is to be free to all nations, an 1 til
navigation of the Congo is under the dim e .ioJ
of an international commission.
Natural c;as.
The striking of a natural gas wc
Knovversville, near Albany, N. Y.. brin
supply of this valuable fuel within m<
able distance of a number of the grei
dustries situated along the Hudson
Each succeeding month brings new disco
of gas nearer to New York, and renal
prediction of Mr. Henry VVurtz, t|:een
chemist, made seventeen years ago,
natural gas will be found in a belt folio'
the outcrop of the great gas bearing - ■!
(the principal of which is the Marcell us s
at such a distance from their outcrops t vd
give a depth of about 4(X) feet to tlu •:
Professor Wurtz, as long ago as ltd),
the use of natural gas in the region of
the great gas well at West BloomlieL
tario county, N. Y., was the cob ter.
Parallax.
The distances of the sun and the fixed St
are determined by ascertaining what is
their parallax. To determine the distai t
the siin the diameter of the earth is tak
abase line, and from its extremities iningimu
I lines are drawn" to the sun’s center.
; gives two angles and a side of a triangl
which, by applying the principles of
onometry, the other elements are
tained, among which is the line of dista
j n the case‘of the fixed stars the din;
of the earth’s orbit is taken for the bas
or nearly 184,000,000 miles, but their
j sso great that aw idea of it cannot v -i I
deri ved from figures. Light moving at : .
rate of 12 ,000,000 miles a minute won rc
quire J three and a half vears to reach the err
froj the neare st fixed star.
t
I Primitive Cannon.
The first cannon which came into use ».
| the discovery of the explosive propert
gunpowder during tho fourteenth oe
were called bombards. They consist
iron bars bound together with hoops c ti
same metal. The first cannon balls fired '
these primitive weapons were round s
It is a mistake to suppose that breech lo i
guns were not tried till recently. They
made when cannon first came into us
were soon abandoned because no one
how to make them strong enough. A
the early cannon were Culvorins, which
made four times the length of a mai
early artillerists having conceived the
that riie longer the gun the further it
,
carry r .
Prince Albert Victor and Prii*ee Geo; • <
Wales are not likely to be made pee
several years, as their father does nof
j them to enter the house of lords durin
queen’s lifetime.
