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tration rest all their hopes upon a division among its friends. To effect <us object no ai ts have been wanting, first to create jealousies among the prominent members of the party, and secondly to create an actual diversity of interest among them. A union of feeling and action between the South and West, is destruction to this plan and the fears of the opposition lest it should take place, have been among the principal causes of bringing on the present conflict, and to all app-arance if accelerating the union. An avowal by Mr. Hayne of those liberal principles in relation to the public lands contained in his speech, was accord ingly heard with alarm, and a great effort w;ia instantly made by Mr. Webster to de stroy its ctlect; to defeat the alliance be tn.>Mn the South ‘-*0(1 ihp Wpst, by creating dissensions between them, and to invite the W est to ally rather with the opposition which is principally confined to the Kat. Then came Mr. Benton's open r*jection of the investigation, Mr. Haynes splendid defence of the South, and the vehement argument between these three great por tions of the Union by their representatives upon the character, claims, and merits cf each or more properly upon the claims which the two Atlantic sections severally have upon the confidence of the West. It was truly a strife of mighty minds and each champion bare himself greatly in the contlict. It. is in contemplation,as I learn tti publish the whole debate in a pamphlet f°rin, which will, I doubt not, be most extensively circulated, re-. and and ad nired. Nothing can more clearly demonstrate the general consciousness of the rising power, and approaching ascendency of the Western poition of the Union* than such au argument. It seen.3 conceded that the sceptre ot dominion, is passing westward rapidly, and that the Atlantic States are contending already, which shall stand first in the affections of their future rulers In Ii toning to these discussions, it is a subject for grave reflection ami regret that eucb controversy should ever And admis sion into the halls cl Congress, and that there should exist subjects for legislation, which give rise naturally and unavoidably to such deplorable results, arraying one portion of the Union against another, re kndling party animosities and creating discordant interests the bonds of mu u*| affection which it was and weakenin g the °HP ct of the Union to tighten and pre serve. The disposition of the public lands is one of the most perplexing and difficult to adjust of any of these questions, and perhaps the most dangerous unless ap proached in a spirit of mutual concession ftod compromise. There are notoriously doctrines on this subject, abroad in the Western States, hostile to the entire titl? ol the General Government to hold land w ithin the limits of any £tate.—The Gov. er nor of one of those States, in an oflicial communication to the Legislature, has broadly asserted this claim, and there is little doubt but that the opinion is gaining ground. There is yet no strong party formed maintaining this doctrine, and the leading citizens who represent the West, disavow it that extent. The political as cendency has not yet pasted over the valley ol the Mississippi, and while the fiower of resistance remains with the At luntic States, such a claim would be unan iinou-ly resisted. But her great increase ‘ol representation which the next census wild-give to the Western States renders the possibility ot such a conflict as must inevitably ensue were such n claim formal ly advanced, fearful to contemplate, and earnestly to be avoided. Now then while the power is in our hands, it seems to be true mognan-mity and sound policy to settle the question on amicable, concilia ting. liberal terms; to grant these lands to <hwe states, within whose limits they may br, in ‘ucli a spirit u indulgence and com promise, and for stuli reasonable consider atom, that the payment may not be onerous to them, and that the whole fund maj be thus final y and hnnnomou-ly dis posed ol lor the common benefit of the * “' on ’ ‘"creasing its strength bv b .ildin , up nourishing Communities in the wesT and perpetuating the blessings of the union O the Mates, by multiplying their mutual 1 dependencies lor mutual benefits. To i p. < .ice th„ desirable object appears to b’ ,h * P ol, cy advocated bv Mr. Ila vne a * * th • most conciliating to the west,’ as it oeitunly secures tbe greatest benefit to lt ;!u UDd r? ,ooJ to JCCortl with the ewsot the Administration, and hence , &i , 'lL" r s Mr -,' Veb ’. ,cr a " 3 “>” >■- 5..i.,“’ c,,ntr " K in ti e South and West, is ruin to the p*t litical views which the opposition ire known to entertain and therefore the. violence of Mr. Webster's assault upon Gen. Hayne, therefore the fieriness with which he denounced the South, while he courted the West. Upon the conclusion of Mr. Webster‘s speech on Wednesday of last week, the floor was occupied by Mr. Benten, who did not conclude until Tuesday last.—-He was followed by Mr. Sprague, of Maine, who spoke all that day and the next. Mr. Rowan, of Kentucky, succeeded, and had not finished when the Senate adjourn ed. He is to continue on Monday. I observed Mr. Smith ofS. C. Mr Bell ol N. H. and Mr. Holmes of Maine, and Mr. Hayne, taking notes, and expert them severally, to take part in this debate. Hie Senate is now full, except JSr. Troup, who was called home by a donees tic affliction, and Mr. Adams the lew Senator from Mississippi, who has notyet taken his seat. The nominations are before the Senate, and of course are discussed with closed doors.—Enoigh, however, transpires to make i£ generally understood that the opposition 21 string, are peifectly organised aginst them. I'he Administration are however in decided majority, and no peimanent obstacle is apprehended/ Mr. Hendricks of Indiana is also counted on as an accession to the Administration. -i Ihe resolution ot Mr, Grundy postpo ningthe subscription to Messrs. Gales & Seaton‘3 compilation of public documents was taken up on Ihursday, and referred to the Library Committee. Asthenia jority of this Committee have been active in opposing the subscription through all its stages, the project is considered to have tailed. It was a party vote throughout, and in the final reference it was carried 21 to 20. Mr. Webster‘s motion against the pub lic printer has been passetf over in pilence In fact it never was considered here, as tenable at all. The wonder wag how a man of unusual fielf possession, could have suffered his temper to get so far the better of his discretion. ou will have seen much in the papers concerning the ‘distractions’ of the Cab inet as they have been called. Now so far as the measures of the administration are concerned, there never has been any division or difference in the Cabinet, and the misunderstanding which existed for a time between some of the members, and which originated in the officious malice of ta <? bearers anti 9lander. rs, has been re conciled. You need not give credit to the stories which are constantly put into circulation, of the divisions in the Cabin et.’ extract Os a Idler to the Editor of the Rich mond Enquirer, dated “Washington, Feb. 8. Mr, Rowan resumed at 1 o'clock to day. the speech which hs had com ifieuced on Thursday last, and finish ed at 3 o’clock. It was an able speech, and a patriotic one. He expressed liberal and sentiments in relation to (ho public lauds, coinciding with the opinions expressed by Gen. ilaynn, whom he complimented as a statesman, as well as an orator. The main pari, and if I may so express it, the body of Mr. Rowans, was direct ed against the doctrines promulgated by Mr. Webster, in relation to the States and the United States Supreme Court. On this subject he was full pointed and powerful. He plead the rausc of the States with energy, abili ty, and indignant independeence of spirit. He treated Webster's doctrine as going to reduce the States to the condition ot provinces, and broke orth into an animated ‘ omparison be tween the difficulty of performing that opera*!cm upon independent States and kingdoms, in the time of the Ro j man Republic, and the-ease with which ‘it would be done here. There it renui red armies, battles, and campaigns to reduce an independent State to the condition of a province, here it would require nothing but a sentence of a dozen words issued from a majority ! f tl,e Supreme Court. The com par •son, as amplified and delivered by! bun, was forcible and striking- The speech, of course, will b e polished I X;; 1 u * b,p people, n tbslcr was not i D tbe Sen ate, and had not been there except to ’ vote for the present to Gales <s* Staton . siuce his contest with Gen. Hayne , nor has he been but a small part of that time in the Supreme Court. Qucre, is he polishing, preparing and biting his speech for the press? or consider ing how to remove Green? or not able to face the storm which he has conju- i red p? CABINET. I IVARttR'NTOJSTi FEB. 27.- 1830 ~ Gov. Croup pMSsed through this place in the stage, on Monday last, on his way to Washington, to resume his seat in the Senate of the U. States. He appeared to be in line health. Congress. —Our accounts from Wash ington are up to the 20th inst. The com mittee on the Judiciary have made a re port adverse to the interest of Georgia, as relates to the Florida boundary. The re port on the great Indian question was ex pected to be made on Monday the 22d. It was ascertained that it would be favorable to the interest of Georgia. Georgia Gold. —We are informed by a gentleman who passed through this place yesterday, that the gold hunters are literally swarming in the Chero kee Nation—from 1500 to 2000 per sona—copper, ebon, and white, with all the intermediate shades, are sedu lously employed in this chase, and are generally handsomely repaid for their labor. The gentleman alluded to had a quantity of the precious metal perhaps to the value of some thousands of dollars—and with a part of which our vision was regaled. Does not this look a little like the approximation of the period when the shaving machines called Banks, & the rags cal ed Bank Bills shall avaunt and quit my sight?* Removal of the Indians. —There can hn no doubt but that, the policy of the General Government, in regard to the removal of the Indiana is fixed, and all the efforts of those opposed to their emigration, whether from a sickly sentimentalism or a conscientious o pinion that it would be entirely in expedient as a measure of Govermen tal policy, will he fruitless. The U. S. Telegraph of the 19th inst. con tains an advertisement, by order of the Sec. of War, headed, Proposals for supplying emigrant Inuians with rations, West of the Mississippi. The advertisement states that “ Scaled Proposals, and to he endorsed, propo sals for rations, will be received by the Secretary of War, until the 20th of March, 1830, for supplying rations to such Indians as may emigrate to their lands West of Arkansas and Missouri.*’ The considerate part of the American people are becoming daily more convinced of the propriety as well as expediency of the course the administration has determined to pursue, and if such exploits as that of Vuskina • as narated in our first page, will not satisfy the admirers of Indian character of the fact, they must be in corrigible indeed. Mr. Burritt having retired from the Editorial department of the Statesman and Patriot, John G. Polhill Esq. the junior Editor has now the sole management of that de partment. We coincide in opinion with the Washington News that Mr. Burritt‘B retirement is an acquisition to the paper. Mr. Polhill is a native Georgian—a gentleman of literary acquirements and taste—and tho* his political opinions are not of the school that we deem orthodox—yet his con duct, as represented to us, in the late developement of Burritt's secret cor respondence, and which, beyond a doubt, led the way for Burrett’s re* tirement, is a pledge that his future course will be guided by what he may believe to be conducive to the best in terest of Georgia. William Cobbet, after all bis twjgtings and turnings has i turned orator. He ddiverctv recently, to a crouded hr] a?, tentive auditory, in Livci jius* . the first of a series of four lec tures on the state of the coin try and what he considers th proper remedies for national distress. After some preliminui'v observations, Mr, Cobbett sr at ed, that the four propositions which would constitute the groundwork of as many ice. tures were— Ist, That the cause of the distress, now so prevalent, was not to be found in any of the circumstances to which the Government and Parliament ascribed it; but that the one, sole, £5 efficient cause, was the change that had been arbitrarily made in the val. ue of money:— ad, That the c vil would not cure itself, hut must be removed by an efficient legislative measure, but nut by one compelling a return to a depreciated paper money, as that would be unjust, ruinous to every individual, amt dis graceful to the nation at large: —Bd. That the efficient, just, and honorable remedy was to bring down the public expenditure to what it was pre viously to the late war. and to draw from the mass of public property what was requistc to make up any deficiency, place the monetary system on a so. lid bash, and enable this com. try again to say to foreign m.’ tions, “You shall not make con quest without the leave of Eng land:’—and 4th, That the mea sures fie would propose to re duce the expenditure were e quitable, easy put in force, and such as would restore harmo ny and kind feeling between all ranks of society in this hereto,, fore justly proud and powerful kingdom. The lecture illiH trative of the first of these’ pro . positions occupied about two* hours iu the delivery. Our limits will not permit a more detailed account of this expose of Mr. Cobbett, but we cannot re-’ frain giving its conclusion— it is bold and striking, and to an Arne ican displays in strong re* lief the blessings of our rcnubil. can institutions and the happfc ness of our highly favored land; |Mr. Cobbett, mentioned some instances of sudden reverse of fortune amongst commercial men, arising from the sudden alteration in the valim of mo ney, and commented on the still more drsasterous effects with which it had been attend ed with respect to the manufac turing classes; and particular ly the agriculturalists, ; nDe| . [)r * shire, the wages of the mano.’ facturers were -is. f,d a „. cel at the most 7s. and many of them were compelled tn'liv entirely on potatoes, or ca ! bair*- and salt. At . the agrfcultyiV