Newspaper Page Text
make ?;p a gentleman. And we may
ns well conclude at oner, by saying,
that with us lie is a GKNThKNI
in I urge capitals, who subscribes for
•Tills pa PE ii ♦ and pays in advance.
CABINET.
trJtt Ti¥.VTOA\JSM r 1. 1830.
U ■■IBLI ■■.-■.■-■■li"*” -— 1
(ONGKHSS. —The Indian Kmigiation
bit!, still occupied the Senate at our last
advices—On the 20th, Mr. Adams ol Mis
sissippi delivered an eloquent and inter*
eating reply to the arguments of Messrs.
Frelinghuysen and Spiague. On the 21st
Mr. Bobbin 8 of Rhode Island replied to
the arguments of Mr. Mekinley as well as
those of other gentlemen who advocated
t! e light of State Governments to ixtend
their laws over the inhabitants within our
limit*. When Mr, Robbins had conclu
ded. Mr. Forsyth replied to the argu
ments < f Messrs Sprague, Robbins, and
I relinghuysen. lie showed by docu
ment- drawn from the archives of the
Government of Massachusetts, that in
stead of considering the Indians as sov
ereign, that that ancient colony recog
nized them, when unfriendly to the
whites, only as rebels, and offered large
sums for their apprehension and punish
ment Mr. F, read an act of the colony
of Massachusetts proposing a premium of
five shillings on every hound raised in
the State, for the purpose of running
down ttie Indians wi bin her borders
lie illustrated the arguments of gentle
men, who bad proved that the contracts
between the different Governments which
bad come in collision with the Indian
nations, wore tkeaties, in the proper
sense of the term, by comparing it to a
Species of wine imported from France.
B cause it was called champaigne by the
venver, the vendee, and the drinker,
therefore it was verily champaigne; and
the fallacy could only be unveiled by a
reference to the books of the Custom
House Mr. Forsyth, as a commenta
ty on the argument of Mr Sprague, who
contended that the Indian lands could
only he (.blamed through the medium of
the gieat treaty making power which
remains exclusively with the General
Government, rear! a resolution adopted
by tin* Legislature of the state of Maine,
in I cb w iry, 1C29, authorizing the Gov
ernor i I (Rat State to aegocjate with the
Penobscot ti ibe of Indian-, for two town
ships of laud; -.Go, a resolution of the
Legislature of the same State, passed last
March, authorizing the same Indians to
cell their lands, and the “fir timber there
on,’’ to the same State of Maine. Mr.
Sprague replied that die United States
having made no treaty with the Pen<>b
sect Indians the State es Maine, in n< go
ciating with them, I ad violated no treaty.
Rui Mr. F. carried him back to the or
iginal proposition ol Mr. S. and those
advocated that side of the question/ that
the Indian nations were sovereign; that
their I ods < ould only be acquired by
treaty; and that the treaty making
I'Otvvr having bee'll yielded up bv the
Slates to (he Generol Government, the
State governments had no power to treat,
t irgain, negotiate, or extend their laws
ovm the Indians within their respective
limit": this was the doctrine contended
for by all who opposed the bill; vet in
the very fa eof all tiic arguments the -
gentleman had adduced in support of
this doctrine, it appears that no later than
February, 1029, and inarch, 1830, that
the legislature of the State of Maine
louse If has passed one resolution author
izing the Governor to negotiate with the
Penobscot Indians, for ,two town-hips of
land, and another resolution authorizing
the same Indians to sell it to them.
Thus openly violating the Constitution!
id the United States, if the treaty making
power granted to the General Govern
ment be the source whence emaratps the
exclusive power ol acquiring the Indian j
teutoiy within the limits of astute.
[ THE JEFFERSON CELEBR VTION.
Upwards of ten columns of the United
States’ Telegraph of the 17th April are
occupied with the account of tins splen
did festival, — The venerable John Roane,
of Virginia, officiated as President of the j
day, assisted by the Hon. George M. Bibb
of Kentucky, Hon. Levi Woodbury of
New Hampshire, Hon. Felix Grundy of
Tennessee, Hon. C. C, Cambreleng of
New Yoik, Hon. Wm, F. Gordon, of
Virginia and the Hon. Mr. Overton, of
Louisiana, s Vice Presidents. ihe
toasts and addresses, partook largely of
the f pint of the principles of the great
deceased, and the whole proceeding ap
pears to have been conducted in a ivon
rmr altogether worthy of the occasion.
Addresses in reply to toasts were made
by Geo. M. Bibb, P. P. Barbour, Mr.
Benton, Mr. Woodbury, Mr. I Jayne,
Judge Wayne, Gov. Rope and others.
The Addresses (says the Richmond Ln
quirer) are excellent. —We had the Re
publican spirit which breaths throughout
these proceedings, with the most cordial
satisfaction. It is worthy of the old Re
publican School—'l'he principles recog
nized on the occasion are the principles ol
Jefferson, McKean, of Clinton and Lang
don. They are the Principles which pro
duced the civil Revolution of 1300 and
so long as we preserve them, the Consti
tution is safe, and our country is free.
We extremely regret that our limits w ill
but enable us to give the Address of Judge
Wayne —which was elicited by the j
following (oast, given by Mr. Ilayne of
S. C. at the conclusion of his speech.
The Slate of Georgia. By the firm
ness and energy of her Troiiys, she
has achieved one great victory for
Stale rights ; the wisdom and eloquence
offer sons, will secure her another
proud triumph, in the councils of the
nation. !
Drank with great applause; after
which,
Mr. Wayne, of Georgia, r*ose’ and
addressed the company as follows:
Mr. PmismF.NT: The notice taken
cf the State ol Georgia by the gentle
man (Mr. llaync) and the Haltering
reception of it by this company, de
in and’ some acknowledgment from
one of her sons:f and delicate
situation of him (Gov. Troup) who
was comprehended in the r oin
pliment to the State, is my apology
for the attempt to make this inade
quate return for such kindness. And,
in doing so, whilst I recur for a mo
no nt to the incidents of other times,
(he revolutionary character of the one
and the connection of the other, with
this occasion, will cause them to be
listened to with indulgence.
Indeed, Sir,it is true, that Georgia
has recollections connected with the
revolutionary history of oiir country,
and with the progress of our govern
ment gratify ing to her citizens, and
which account for in a great degree*as
they are in fact, an index to the char
actor of her people, ‘i'he. allusion to
’hem is not intended to advance n
claim of superior patriotism to any of
our sister States. And as a vindica
tion that in whatever attitude we.have
at any time stood to the General Gov
ernment, or may now bear in relation
to an inierVsting subject about to be
canvassed in Congress—that it has
been assembled only from a disposi
tion to sustain what we believe to have
hern the principles of our ancestors,
ami to preserve the rights committed
by them to our custody. At that pe
riod of American history, when press
ed by taxation and restraints upon her
trade, we were degraded from the con
dition of her free colonies to the pro
vinces. It will be remembered by a)i
who will recur to the rare rccurences
immediately preceding the revolution,
that. Great Britain left nothing untried
to divide and seperate the States,
which could work upon their fears, 01
act upon their selfishness. But hap
pily for us, such lures did not, ‘in a
single instance, seduce any more than
could her threats daunt the spirit a
roused by her tyranny. In some of
l"r most oj)j>ressive acts, and i par
ticularly, for restraining tho trade of
several provinces in America, Geor
gia was expected from its operation,
with the double view that England
might have an easier access to the
tribes of Indians within the limits of
I lie State, whom she intended to be
her allies in the expected rebehen; and
that our sistt r State imme.diatly to the
j North, already relatively strong and
populous, might have upon her bor
ders a frontier province to liarrass her
people and to subdue those notions of
liberty and free government which
were no ißooner heflrd from Massa
chusetts and Virginia, than they were
responded in tones of harmonious
boldness by the patriots of South Car-
Minn Sir, the ~c rtleffiiia (General
Haym ) reaps a more than ordinary
gratification from such retrospection;
for their blood flows in his veins, and
their principles ere his inheritance.
When the art cf the British Parlia !
men I, just alluded to, reached Ameri j
lea, the sorrow felt for oppression was
aroused into indignation at the at
tempt l<- seduce. A Continental Con
i press hi and been invited to assemble be
fore the arrival of the act, and it was
| not until afterwards known that Geor
gia called a Provincial Congress to
I deliberate upon our general grievan
ces. Live dt legates were appointed
to represent her in (he first—the royal
favor w as‘•ptirncd in resolves, said by
a contemporary Rritisl analist, *to he
/note spirited than those from any
>part of America,’ uid she declared her
exclusion from the general art of op
press ton ‘had been meant to break tlm
union of the provinces, and as being
grounded on the supposition that the
inhabitants of each excepted province
can he base enough to turn the op*
pression of America to mean advan
tape.’ Avd, Sir, by one of those co
incidences in the happending of sue
cessive events, which are natural
causes of gratification, as well of or
dinary surprise, and connecting Geor.
gia iti the. first art of her Independent
political history, with the Anniversa
ry of our National Festival, and with
the fame and death of him whose birth
day we commemorate, that Provincial
Congress asscmblt and on the 4 tli of July
proceeding (he Declaration of Ameri
can Independence, And, Sir, there is
another roiucidenre with the present
time, somewhat amusing, if not re
markable, to which I will only allude,
leaving it to be found out by those who
will look into the history of the events
which immediately ensued. In pro
portion to the spirit with which royal
favor had been rejected so were we
to be made the victims of royal ven
geance. And Georgians do not f >rget
that, in the hour of peril which follow
ed, South Carolina, with a hundred
and fifty volunteers from Charleston
and three hundred and fifty militia,
flew to our relief, dislodged the enemy
from the neighborhood’ of Savannah,
burning her vessels and defeating vet
erans of courage led on by officers of
renown. And, I am sure it will be
thought excusable in a native of that
city to mention it, that, at a town
meeting, without a single voice dis
senting. it was agreed, and orders
were given to the troops to execute i(;
that the city should be destroyed by
burning every house in it before if
should become a strong hold of the
■enemy.
Sir, every State in the Union may
recur to instances of devotedness to
freedom, and this was the first contri
bution of Georgia to our nationel fund
of patriotism, on the anniversary of
Jefferson’s birth day. What purer sac
rifice can be offered to his memory,
than a recurrence to such Revolution
ary works ! Let this consideration he,
in part, my apology for bringing it to
your notice. *
But, Sir, Georgia lias recollections
connected with the progress of our
government, of which I remained by
the occasion. After the adoption of the
Constitution, when it was seen that
powers were claimed under it which
had not been granted; that neither the
authority, or the caution of Washing
ton had been sufficient to repress in
our foreign relations, at least the ap
pearance of partiality for one of the
great powers which controlled Europe
: —that the people were to be restrained
from the free discussion of the merits
of men and measures; and, un
mindful of our European origin, and
of our country having become a sanc
tuary for the oppressed of all nations,
that government had arrogated tlie
power to interrupt the feelings of rela
tionship, and the charities of the heart,
for our friends from abroad, by exiling
the emigrant upon mere suspicion.
Our people became alarmed at the
; downward tendency which had been
given to our institutions* and natural
• t *
!y looked Among the patriots of the
Revolution f r someone as a leader to
maintain them in their purity. In the
struggle which ensued, Georgia by
her Abram Baldwin and Ja nes J mk^
! son—names so familiar to your ears-.
■ was rmt an ineffi lent agent in giving
the first triumph to American democ
racy; and it was from those men that
be who maintained it in the States re*
cent controversy with the. G neral
Government, and whose sensibility
i yoUr w arm approbation of his onduct
has overcome his ability to tie k vou #
dei ived Ms principles—for he was ai*
most the adopted son of the our, and
the deciple of the other In that polit*
ieal revolution, Sir, as you well know*
Georgia was not enlisted as a recruit
to keep rossession after victory had
been woo, nor converted by subse
quent c ‘forts, and brought into th®
house h id by adoption; but she lay®
claim to the distinction of being one of
the origr-ial family, and it is to show
that lo r • epaesentatives hero to
day to honor the memory of its patri
arch.
But, Bir, with this constant devof*
edness to liberty, and the principle*
■>f our government, how much b *
Georgia been recently misunderstood.’
Because she took a firm etfidid • in
oppnsi i o to the power claimed y
(he late administration over <r
rights ” she was < barged with h .\i g
forgotten her love of country.* ar*
Hampden- showed his love of coun
try and of liberty* by opposition, and
not by concession. Because we
spoke v, ith the t vogues of iree nen,
and wheiv menaced with n> deary eo
eerjon, r spited that the very -firs l bog*
tile movement w hich should be made*
those by whom it should be done,
should be treated as a public enemy*
she was tainted with having weaken*
ed the confederacy by her own w u|
of love of union. Devoted as w®
were, and continue to be, to the to io*
of th esc States; and determined as w®
are to in lintain it, we have the right#
secured to its oieiabers -We beiiev*
ed that, our position was not .only sus*
tained by the spirit of the Go istßu*
tion, but that we stood upon- its (oxt;-
and, whilst others condemned us for
too earnest an assertion of our rights,
we thought we were"'contending fofcl
principles vital to the salvation of ML
True, we had at stake much as a
State, hut more as one of the ronfd
cracy; and the consideration of Indian
lands was forgotten in the noble - ar
dor of the State being the champio/
of the Constitution. Our appeal w#
heard by our brethren; the State tri
umphed, its principles pi;rv®il, it®
rights are now fully acknowledged*
and the cheering response given to *h©
Sentiments of the gentleman from S.
Carolina, assures us that Georgia, ia
her past relation® with the Ger,er4
Government, stands vindicated and
approv ‘d by the representative demo
cracy of the Union. Ample- content
ment, full satisfaction! Sir*. I havo
don*, and again do I th® k the gentle
man, in the name of the representative
of the people of Georgia, f *r the prom
inent attitude in which he placed the
State and one of her most gifted citi
zens, and I trust nothing has bee#
said by me not justified by the occju
sion.
Among the Volunteer Toasts give#;
were the following: -
By the President of the United
States. Our Federal Union: Tt must
be preserved*
By Mr. Haynes, Chairman ®f th#
Committee of arrangements. Tli®
Union of the States, and the Sovereign*
ty of the States.
By Mr. Troup of Georgia. Th®
Government of the United States, wirb
more limited powers than the Repub
lic of San Marino, it rules an Emptro
more extended than the Roman, wills
the obsoluteness of Tiberus, with Ms®
wisdom than Augustus* and less, jus*
tice than Trojan or the Antonines.
By Henry G. Lamar. Pensir
“A system Which has sent Euro.. *
laborers supperless to bed.’—Jeifcr
son’s Notes on Virginia* * *