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ttttttttttt ROBERT S. HOWARD, / Editor and Publisher. \ VOLUME t. -jh'olcSsioirot & fmsiness (Tunis. i oin .1. Ki n '> ATTORN KY-AT-L AW, DaNIKLSVILLK. OA m Will promptly attend to all business entrusted to him. & dec 17, ’SO. nit. V IK. < INI*. NICHOLSON, GA., ' Tenders his professional services to the surround ing country. Rheumatism, Neuralgia and the dis eases of women a specialty. Feb. 13th, 1880. ly non.lKlt TIMMIf .so.V ATTOR N EY-AT-LA W, Gainesville, Ga. Prompt and faithful attention given to all busi ness placed in his luinthi. WM.l'.l IIOWAItIb Attorne .cn<l Counselor \ ! I.au, JEFFERSON, GA. Will attend faithfully to all business entrusted to his care. nichd, Cf IB A A A TSlOni'MiA. k 5 ATTORNE V.S- A T-L A W r . J KFFF.IISO.V, G A, Will practice in Jackson and adjoining counties, £cpf Udoetfeemffl^, / ( KOKGIA, .l;u k*on County. ' r rj,. Whereas, Rehocca A. Casper applies to me. in proper form, for Letters of Administration with the will annexed of Daniel Gasper, late of said county, dcc'd — This is to cite all concerned, kindred and credi tors, to show cause, if any they can, on the lirst Monday in April. 1881. at the regular term of the . Court of Ordinary of said county, why said letters should not he granted the applicant. (iiven under my oilicial signature, this January nth, 1881. 11. IV. DELL, Ord’y. / 1 EOSthl A, Jaclisoii County. 1 ' Whereas,.!. W. Strickland and John 1. Pittman make application for Letters of Administration. <le honis non, on the estate of John 1. Parks, dec’tl, late of said 'County-^ This is to cite all concerned, kindred and credi tors, to show cause, at the regular term of the Court of Ordinary of said 6omity, on the first Monday in April, ISST, why said letters should not be granted Dv applicants. Given under mv oilicial signature, March Ist, 1881.' TI. W. REEL, Drd-y. / t IlOIUiilA, JacliMUi County. Whereas, A. A. WiViiamV, Ghafdiail of J. M. Williams, a minor, makes application for leave to sell the interest of said minor in a tract of land in •saul county— This is to cite .all concerned, kindred, <&c„ to show cause, if any they can on the first Monday m April, KSSl f at the regular term of the Court of Ordinary of said county, why said leave should not he granted the applicant. Given under nfy official signature, March Ist, 1881. *■ H. w. IfIBLL, ord'y. | 1 IIOULI A, nlaeluon ( onaly. Whereas, J. N. Williams, Guardian of Elias Maynard, minor son of Mayiiar l, late of said count y, dec’d, tenders his' resignation of said trust, and suggests the name of \V. F. A. An derson as a suitable person to succeed him^- This is to cite all concerned, the next of kin, lo show cause, if any exist, why said resignation should not be aecoptod and said W. F. A. Ander son appointed Guardian as aforesaid, at the regu lar term of the Court of Ordinary oT said county, on the lirst Monday in April, 1881. Given under my oilicial signature. diis March Ist, 1881. II. AV. iftm, Ord'y. Jackson Sheriff's Sale. WILL be sold, on the first Tuesday in next, before the Court House door in xon, Ga., within the legal hours of sale. to the highest and best bidder, the following described property, to-wit: One tract of land. Tying in said county, on the waters of the South Oconee river, adjoining lands of *l. E. Adams, Oavtd Khier, E. M. Thompson and others, and known as a part of the .J. and. McCulloch place, containing seventy acres, more or less. On said place there is a pret ty good log dwelling and about thirty-live acres of upland, in a good state of cul tivation. remainder in old livid and forest. Levied on as the property of W. S. Thompson, .Jr., and Milton Thompson, to satisfy a fi. fa. issued from .laekson Superior Court at the February term, D77, in favor of and. 11. Huggins vs. \Y. S. Thom pson, Jr., and Milton Thompson. Property pointed out by the plaintiff, and due notice given to \Y. S. Thompson, dr., and Milton Thompson, tenants in possession, as the law directs. March 2nd. 1 SSI. j\_A. McKLH .VNKOjf, Sheriff. Commissioner's Sate. Jackson County. By virtue of an order of the Superior Court of said county, at the February term, ISSI, will be sold withm the legal hours of sale, on the first Tuesday in April. ISsl. before the Court House door in Jelferson, the brick building in said town and the lot whereon it stands ; sold as the proper ty of F. M. Hailey and J. L. Hailey. Sold for the purpose of dividing the proceeds between said J. L. and F. M. Hailey, 'i erms of sale cash. Said sale conducted by toe undersigned Commission ers, appointed by the {Superior Court of said county for that purpose. Thi* March 2nd, 1881. P. G. THOM PSOX, \ J. H. RANDOLPH. >Commisssioners. J. A. If. MAHAFFEY, j , Idmiuistrators Sale. VC REEA HI.L to an order from the Court of Ordinary of Jackson county', tia.. I will sel l at public outcry, m the town of Jefferson, before" tlu- Court House door, within the legal hours of s; de, on the first Tuesday in April, 1881, the fo 1 - lowing property, to-wit: A tract of land contain lur, two , a hd one-!ia!f acres, in the town of Mays vn.e, Ga., unimproved and lying about two hundred and fifty yards from the depot, on the Northeastern Railroad, and joining lots of Dr. Alexander, Atkins and others. Sold as the prop erty ol Amanda Hoggin, decM, for distribution among tue heirs ot said dec'd. Terms cash. C. M. WOOD. Adnrr of Amanda dec'd. Postponed Sheriff's Scle. WILL be sold, before Uic Court House door in t T the town of Jelferson, Jackson eountv, <ia„ at public out-cry, to the highest bidder, on the first Tuesday in April next, within the legal hours of sale, the following described property, to-wit: One tract of land, containing twenty-five acres, more or less, lying in said cpunly, on the waters of Turkey creek, about one mile below Jackson's mill, and adjoining lands of McDonald. Davis and others, and known as the place where R. C. Wil hite lived. About fifteen acres in cultivation. There is a good mill house and dam on the places also, a good framed dwelling and out-buildings and good orchard. Levied on ;w> the property of R- C. Wilhite to satisfy a fi. fa. issued front* Jack sun Superior Court in favor of C. W. Hood. Prop erty pointed out' y plaintiff, and notice given to J- Foster Daniel, tenant in possession, as the law directs. T. A. McELHANN’ON, Sh’ff J. C. tA'otiee to Contrcrctors. j HX he led to the lowest bidder, before the If Court House door in Jefferson, on Satur day, the 2nd day of April. 1881, the comract for re-building the McCicskcy bridge, across the Oooncc river,, under the following specifications : To be built on the remaining arches, two tres tles to be placed on the cribs now in the river, and a little above level with,same, one of said tres tles tOphe built, the other is now down the river, about o ic mile below the bridge location, and will be allowed used; the one to be built to be of like timbers and workmanship as the one on hand ; one swinging span to be built, length of same from one crib in water to the other, with ;j sleep er. Bxl2 inches ; said sleepers to lap at feast 3 feet over cap sills, and the out side and one middle sleeper well bolted to cap sills in each span. All sleepers braced with 2x3 strios; 2 bolsters, oxl2 inches, 10 feet long, to be placed one-third the length of span apart, the same to extend across the wottoro of the bridge, under the sleepers, and supported by main rods running through from top of truss to bottom of braces ; said rods to bo of best round iron, 1J inches in diameter, with taps and washers.* Timbers or bracing for truss to be 7x9 inches in length to suit one-third span. Braces Lo he even notched at the foot, bearing on cap ,4i!ls, and each foot to he well pinned with two two-inch wooden pins and one iron bolt; the pins to extend through both the braces and sleep ers, and sufficient depth in cap sills to hold nil securely. Iron bolts to extend through braces and sleepers just in .side cap sills. Truss to be braced with t\fo braces on each side, runn' *rom lower eml of bolster to top of truss, made c ,t scantling. Truss to be framed 3 feet 3 inches high irom top edge of slccoers to top of truss. All flooring to be 2x12 incues, 14 feet long, and well spiked down with two-forty penny spikes at each end, also spiked right am. left in* interme diate sleepers. Hand rail or banisten to be nut up on level with level beam whole length of bHuge, except length oflcvel beam. Postfor railing to be notched through iloor and keyed-on under side. Contractors will] be required to furnish and fit all timbers necessary for the construction of said bridge as it was before, with the except : ons of he fol’owing timber, which can be seen about one mile below the bridge location, on said riven, the same will be allowed used, coutv dor taking them at their present location, to-wit: G sleepers, 24 feet long ; 1 sleep , .s, 27 feet long : 4 sleepers, 30 foot long; 1 crib arch complete, S Ufooring plank, J pieces railing, 22 feet long. The mud silks of die arches in, cribs to be banded with 2.1 inch bar iron and bolted to 3 logs of cribs, and middle up rights to be strapped to mud sills with same kind of iron. Said work to be comp’eted within forty days from time of letting. Bond, with two sol vent securities, in double the amount of bid will be required a.ter the Getting,•“ condi tioned for the-faithful compliance of the terms of tire contract. The same will be paid for when completed in accordance with the specifications. Full and complete specifications can be seen at this ©dice. March 3rd, 1881. ' HVW. BSCL, Only. ALSO, at the same time and place, under tlic same terms and like specifications, for simi lar work and timbers, will oe let the contract for re-building two spans o" the Talassee bridge ; one arch in height to suit height of balauce bridge to be built as arches in McChesky bridge, on crib in river; built of timbers 10x12 inches, 24 feet by 8 ieet. to extend to surface of£he water. Said tim ber® to be well pinned at each corner, placed water and tilled up with rock. Mud sills to b fastened on said crib as the specification calls for in McCleskey’s bridge. Sleepers, floors, cap rails and all other timbers and work to be done in like manner as similar work on the said McCicskcy bridge. March 2mi; 1881. 11. W. BELL, Ord’y. Jackson Postponed Sheriff’s Sale. WILL be sold Before the Court House door in Jefferson, Jackson county, Ga., within the legal hours of sale, to the highest and best bidder at public outcry, on the Ist Tuesday in April, 18X1, the following property', to-wit: A tract of ’and lying in said county of Jackson, on the wa ers of Mulberry river, adjoining lands of Edwards, DeLaporrierc and others, containing one hundred and twenty acres, more or less, known as the Weatherly place. On said place, are reasonably good improvements, and a fair proportion of open cultivated land and old field pine and forest tim ber. Levied oi: as the property of Hugh R. Bar nard and Will . i A. Weatherly, to satisfy a mortgage fi. fa. i favor of Wesley Nance, Exec utor of John Seay', deceased, against said Hindi R. Barnard and William A. Weatherly', issued from Jackson Superior Court. Lew made by John J. Wallis, former Deputy* Shcriir. Property pointed out mi said li. fa. T. A. McHLll AXNOX, Sheriff J. C., (La. Q.i;O߀llA, Jackson CVunly. Whereas. W. S. Flancgan, Administrator on the estate of Julia F. Burson, late of said county, de ceased, applies for le..ve to sell the lSnds belong ing to said deceased— This is to cite all persons concerned, kindred and creditors, to show ckuse, .if any, why* said leave should not be granted tike applicant at the regular term of the Court of Ordinary of said county, on the first Monday in April, 1881. Oiven under my official signature, this Decem ber 24th, 1880. H. W. BELL, Ord’y. Lj| HORtIIA, Jackson Coimly. \V licrcas, M. T. Dalton applies to me, in proper form, for Letters of AdmiifistraPon upon the es tate ot Ihos. Dalton, late of sad county, dec’d— 'J his is to cite all concerned, kindred and credi tors, to show cause, if any, on the first Monday in April, 188., at uic egidar term of the Court of Ordinary ol said county, why said letters should not be granted the applicant. (liven under my otho’al signature, this Decen, her 20th. ICSO. 11. W. BELL. Ord’y. Q.EORGS A, Jackson County. Whereas. T. 11. Niblaek, Adin'r of John A. Long, late of said county, dec'd, applies for leave to sell the lands belonging to the estate of said dec'd— This is to cite all concerned, kindred and credi tors, to show cause, if any, at the regular term of the Court of Ordinary of said county, on the first Monday in April, ISSI, why said leave should not be granted. Given under my official signature, this March Ist, ISSI. 11. W. BELL. Ord’y. 1, .laekson County. Whereas, .jno. C. Whitehead, adm’r Ac., of Hannah Craft, late of said county, decal, applies for leave to sell the land, belonging to said dec'd' estate— This is to cite all concerned, kindred and credi tors, to show cause, if any, at the regular term of the Court of Ordinary of said county, on the first Monday in April. 1881. why said leave should not fie granted the applicant. Given under my official signature, this March “2nd, 1881. 11. W. BELL, Ord'y. | Jackson County. Whereas. J. B. Pendergrass applies to me, in proper form, l’or Letters or Administration on the estate of Hugh late of said county, de ceased— This is to cite all persons concerned, kindred and creditors, to show cause, if any they can. on the first Monday in April. 1881. at the regular term of tiie Court of Ordinary of said county, why said letters should not be granted the applicant. Given under my official signature, this January 4th. 1881. H. W. BELL, Ord'y. / JEFFERSON. JACKSON COUNTY, GA., FRIDAY. MARCH IS, 1881. The supreme trial of the Constitution came at last under the * retnendous pressure of civil war. We ourselves are witnesses that the Union emerged from the blood and fire of that conflict purified and made stronger for all the beneficient purposes of good govern ment, and now, at the close of this first cen tury of growth, with the inspirations of its history in their hearts, our people have lately reviewed the condition of the nation, passed judgment upon the conduct and opinions of the political parties, and have registered their will concerning the future administration of the government. To interpret and to execute that will, in accordance with the Constitution, is the paramount duty of the executive. fcAVLAXT WtSCTE.IAAAiN. THE NEW PRESIDENT. NAUGU RATION OF GEN. JAIiES A. GAUF' ELD, ON FRIDAY. THE INAUGURAL ADDRESS. At 12 : fO. the President reached his place at the front of the platform and took a seat with Chief Justice Waite on his right and cx- President 11 ayes on his left, with Senators Pendleton, Anthony, Bayard, while immedi ately behind him sat his mother, Mrs. Gar field, Mrs. Ilaves and Vice-President Arthur. Some delay ensued while a photograph of the scene was being taken from an elevated stand a short distance to the right and front. At 12: 35 Senator Pendleton arose and intro duced Gen. Garfield, who began his inaugural address: • Fellow-citizens: We stand to-day upon an eminence which overlooks a hundred years of national life —a century crowded with the perils but crowned with the triumphs of lib erty and law. Before continuing our onward march, let us pause on this height .or a mo rnent to strengthen our faith and renew our hope by a glance at the pathway along which our people have traveled. It is now three (lavs more than a hundred years since the adoption of the litst written constitution of the United States—the at.'.- clcs of confederation and ape petual union. The new republic was then beset wi.h danger on every hand. It had not conquered a place in the family of nations. The decisive battle of the war for independence, whose centenni al anniversary will soon be gracefully cele brated at Yoiktown. had not yet been fought. The colonists were struggling, not only against the armies of a gieat nation but against the {Settled opinions of mankind, for the world did not then believe that the su preme authority of government could be safe ly entrusted to the guardianship of the people themselves. We cannot over-estimate the fervent love of liberty, the intelligent courage and the saving common sense with which our fathers made the great experiment of self government. When they found, after a short trial, that the confederation of the States was too weak to meet the necessities of the vigorous and expanding republic they boldly set it aside, and in its stead established a national union, founded directly upon the will of the people, endowed with full powers of self preservation and with ample authority for the accomplish ment of its great objects. Und: this cpnstl tution the boundaries of freedom have been enlarged, the foundations of order and pe_.ee have been strengthened, the growth of our people in all the better elements of naio.ial life lias indicated the wisdom of the founders,< and given new Rope to ttieir descendants. Under this constitution our people long ago made themselves safe agai ist danger from without, and secured for their mariners and Hag equality of rights on all the seas. Unocr this constitution twenty-five States have been added o the TJnioai- with Cons tut'ons and laws framed and enforced bv their own citi zens, to secure the manifold blessings of local self-government. The ju isdiction of this Constitution now covers an area of fifty times greater than that of the original thi ~en Sates and a population of twenty times g eat er than that of 16C0. Even from this brief review it is manifest that the nation is resolutely facing the front, resolved to employ its best energies in devel oping the great possibilities of the future, sacredly preserving whatever has been ga' led to liberty and good government during the century. Our people are determined to leave behind them all these bitter controversies concerning things which have been irrevoca bly settled, and the further discussion of which can only stir up strife and delay the onward march. The supremacy of the nation and its laws should be no longer a subject of debate. That discussion which for a half centu y threatened the existence of the Un ion was closed at last ii the high court of war by a decree from which there is no ap peal, that the constitution and the laws made in pursuance thereof are and shall continue to be the supreme law of the land, binding alike upon the States and people. This de cree does not disturb the automany of the States nor interfere with any of their neces sary rights of local government, but it does fix and establish the permanent supremacy of the Union. The will of the nation, speaking with the vehemence of battle, and through the amend ed Constitution, has fulfilled the great prom ise of 177 G, by proclaiming “libert\ T through out the land to all the inhabitants thereof.” The elevation of the negro race from slavery to the full rights of citizenship, is the most important political change we have known since the adoption of the Constitution of 1788. No thoughtful man can fail to appreciate its beneficial effects upon our institutions and people. It has freed us from a perpetual dagger of war and dissolution. It has added immensely to the moral and industrial forces of our people. It lias liberated the master as well as the slave from a relation which wronged and enfeebled both. It lias surren dered to their own guardianship the manhood of rhore than five million of people, and has opened to each one of them a career of free dom and usefulness. It has given anew inspiration to the power of self help in both races by making labor more honorable to the one and more necessary to the other. The influence of this force will grow greater and bear richer fruit with the coming years. No doubt the great change lias caused serious disturbance to our Southern communities. FOR THE PEOPLE. i Ui&|is to be deplored, though it was perhaps unavoidable, but those who resisted the change should remember that under our in stitutions there was no middle ground for the negro race between slavery and equal citizen ship. There can be no permanent disfran chise J peasantry in the United States. Free dom can never yield its fullness of blessing so long as the law or its administration places tfw smallest obstacle in the pathway of any virtuous citizen. The emancipated race lias already made remarkable progress. With unquestionable devotion to the Union, with the patience and gentleness not born of tear, they have followed the light as God gave them to see the light. They are rapidly lay .ing tlie material foundation of self-support, wjdcuing the circle of intelligence, and bo s' lining to enjoy the blessings that are gathered around the homes of '■industrious people. They receive the generous encour agement of all good inen. So far as my authority can lawfully extend, they shall enjoy the. full and equal protection of the Constitution and laws. The full and free enjoyment of equal suf frage is still in question, and a frank state ment of the issue may aid its solution. It is alleged that in many places an honest ballot is impossible, if the mass of uneducated ne groes are allowed to vote. These arc grave allegations. So far as the latter is true, it is the only palliation that can be offered for opposing the freedom of the ballots. Bad local government is certainly a great evil which ought to be prevented, but to violate the freedom and sanctity of sui.’rage is more than an evil—it is a crime which, if persisted in, will destroy the government itself, and if successful, is not a remedy. If in oilier lands it be high teason to compass the death of the king, it should be counted no less a crime here to strangle out the sovereign powers and stiffe its voice. It has been said that unsettled questions have no pity for the re pose of a nation. It should be said with the utmost emphasis that this question of su(France will never give repose or safety to the States or lo the nation until eaclr within its own jurisdiction makn and keeps the ballot free and pu.e, by thj strong sanctions of the law. But the danger which arises from ignorance in the voter cannot be denied. It covers a field far wider than that of negro suffrage and the present condition of that race. It is a danger that lurks and hides in the source l , and fountains of power in every State. W: •have no standard by which to measure the disaster that may be brought upon us by ig norance and vice in the citizens, when joined, to corruption and fraud in suffrage. The voters of the Union, who make and unmake <'ousbitti®HS, and upon whose will the destinies of our governments, can transmit their supreme authority to no successors save the coming generation of voters who are the sole heirs of the sovereign powe". If that generation comes to its inlieritam e, blinded by ignorance and corrupted by vice, the fall of the Republic will be certain and remedi less. The census has already sounded the alarm in appaling figures, which mark how dangerously high the tide of illiteration has risen among our voters and their children. To the South this question is of supreme im portance. but the responsibility for the exist ence of slavery did not rest upon the South alone. The nation itself is responsible for the extension of the suffrage, and is under special obligation to aid in removing the illiteracy which it has added to the voting population. For the North and the South alike there is but one remedy. All the con stitutional powers of the nation and of the States, and all the volunteer forces of the people should be summoned to meet this danger by the saving inlluencc of universal education. It is the high privilege and sacred fluty of those now living to educate their suc cessors and.provide by intelligence and virtue for the inheritance which awaits them. In this benifieent work sections and races should be forgotten, and partisanship should be unknown ! Let our hope find new meaning in the divine oracle which declares that “ a little child shall lead them,” for our little children will soon control the destinies of the Republic. My countrymen, we do not now diifer in our judgment concerning the contro versies of past generations, and fifty years hence our children will not be divided in their opinions concerning our controversies. They will surely bless their fathers and their fathers’ God that the union was preserved ; that slavery was overthrown, and that both races were made equal before the law. We may hasten or we may retard, but w<icannot prevent the possible for us flow to make a truce with time by anticipating and accepting its inevitable verdict. Enterprise of the highest importance to our moral and material well-being invite us and offer ample scope for the employment of our best energies. Let all our people, leaving behind them the dead issues, move forward, and in the strength of liberty and restored union win the grander victories of peace. The prosperity which now prevails is with out a parallel in our histor}'. Fruitful seasons have done much to secure it, but they have not done all. The preservation of public credit and the resumption of specie payments so successfully attained by the administration of my predecessors, has enabled our people tosecure the blessings which seasons brought. By the experience of commercial nations in all ages, it has been found that gold and silver offered the only safe foundation for a mo netary system. Confusion has recently been created by variations in the relative value of the two metals, but I confidently believe that arrangements can be made between the lead ing commercial nations which will secure the general use of. both metals. Congress should provide that the compulsory coinage of silver now required by iaw may not disturb our mo l netary system by driving either metals out of | circulation. If possible such adjustment should be made that fbe purchasing power of every coined dollar will be exactly equal, as a debt paying power in all the markets of the world. The chief duty of the national govern ment in connection with the currency of the country is to coin monc3’and declare its value. Grave doubts have been entertained whether Congress is authorized by the Constitution to make any form of paper money legal tender. 1 he preseut issue of United States notes has been sustained by the necessities of war, but such paper should depend for its value and currency upon its convenience in use, and its' prompt redemption in coin at the will of the holder, and not upon its compulsory circula tion. 1 hese notes are not money but promises to pay money if the holders demand it. The promise should be kept. The refunding of the national debt at a lowers rate of interest should be accompliscd without compeling the withdrawal of national bank not2s and thus disturb the busiuess of the couutry. I venture to refer to the posi tion I have occupied on financial questions during a long service in Congress, and to say that time and experience have so often ex pressed on these subjects. The finances of the government shall suffer no detriment which it may be possible for m3' administra tion'to prevent. The interests of agriculture deserve more attention from the government than they have yet received. The farms of the fanners of the United States otTer homes and employment lor more than onc-halfour people, and furnish much the largest part of all our exports. As the government lights our costs for the pro tection of our mariners, and the benefit of commerce, so it should give to the tiller of the soil the best lights ofthe practical science and experience. Our manufacturers arc rapidly keeping us. industrially indepen dent, and arc opening to capital and labor new and profitable schemes of employment. Their steady and healthy growth should still be maintained. Our facilities for transportation should be promoted by the continued improvement of our harbors and great interior water-ways, and by the increase of our tonage on the oceans. The development of the world's commerce has led to an urgent demand for shortening lire great sea voyage around Cape Horn by constructing ship canals or railroads across the isthmus which unites the two continents. Various plans to this end have been suggested, and will need consideration, but none of tbera lias been sufficient!}’ matured to warrant united aid. The subject, however, is one which will immediately engage the attention of the government with a view to a thorough pro jection to American interests. We will urge no nar ow policy, nor seek peculiar or ex clusive privilege in any commercial route, but in the language of ray predecessor, “ I believe it to be the right and duty of the United Stales to assert and maintain such supervision and authority over any inter oceanic canal across the isthmus that connects North and South America as will protect our national interests. The constitution guarantees absolute re ligious freedam. Cos igress is prohibited from making any law respecting an establishment of religion or prohibiting the free exercise thereof. The territories of the United States are subject to the direct legislative authority of Congress, and hence the general govern ment is responsible for any violation of the constitution in any of them. It is, therefore, a reproach to the government that in the most populous of the territories the constitutional guarantee is not enjoj'ed by the people, and the authority of Congress is set at naught. The Mormon church is not only an offense to the moral sense of mankind by sanction ing polygamy, but prevents the administra tion of justice through the ordinary instru mentalities of law. In my judgment it is the duty of Congress, while respecting to the utter most the conscientious convictions and re ligious scruples of every citizen, to prohibit within its jurisdiction, all criminal practices, especially of that class which destroy family relations and endanger-s social order. Nor can any ecclesiastical organization be safely permitted to usurp in the smallest degree the functions and powers of the national govern ment. The civil service can never be placed on a satisfactory basis until it is regulated by law for good of the service itself, for the protec tion of those who are entrusted with the ap pointing power against the waste of time and obstruction to public business caused by the inordinate pressure for a place, and for the protection of incumbent against intrigue and wrong. I shab. at the proper time, ask Con gress to fix the tenure of minor offices of the several executive departments, and prescribe the grounds upon which removals shall be made during the terms for which incumbents have been appointed. Finally, acting always with the authority and imitations of the constitution, invading neither the rights of the States nor the re served rights of the people, it will be the purpose of mv administration to maintain the authority of the nation, and in all places with in its jurisdiction enforce obedience to all the laws of the union ; in the interests of the people to demand rigid economy in all the expenditures of the government, and to re quire the honest and faithful service of all ex ecutive offices, remembering that the offices were created, not for the benefit of the in cumbents or their supporters, but for the service of the government. And now, fellow-citizens, I am about to assume the great trust which you havo com mitted to my hands. I appeal to you for the earnest and thoughtful support which makes this government, in fact as it is in law, a gov ernment of the people. I shall greatly rely upon the wisdom and patriotism of Congress, of those.who may share with us the responsi bilities and duties of administration, and above all on our efforts to promote the wel fare of this great people and their govern ment, I reverently invoke the support and blessings of Almighty God. The address was delivered with uncovered head in a clear voice, distinct and calm, and was plainly heard by every one on the stand and for a long distance on every hand. The delivery of the message occupied forty-five minutes. At its conclusion the cheering was long continued and enthusiastic. Chief Justice Waite then administered the oath to which Mr. Garfield responded with reverential fervor. Ex-President Hayes immediately pressed forward and congratulated his successor, and after him the President’s mother and wife, both of whom lie saluted with a \ S TERMS, $1.50 PER ANNUM. / SI.OO for Six Months. oral scene of congratulation and hand shaking ensued, after which the presidential party descended from the platform by tho private staircase and proceeded to the Presi dent's nxira in the rear of the Senate cham ber, where an informal reception took place. # Your Boy: J'ou do not know what is in him. Bear with him, be patient; wait. Feed him, clothe him, love him. He is a boy ; and most Imys are bad. You think him ro light hearted, and fear he is light headed as well. Btlt re. member he calls you father. When ho played in your lap you fondly hoped he would some day be a great aud useful man. Now that ho has grown larger, and his young blood drives him into gleeful sport, and makes him im patient of serious things, rattling, playful, thoughtless, you almost despair. But don’t be snappish and snarlish and make him fcol that you are disappointed in him. He is your boy and you arc to live in him. 110 bears your name, and is to send it on down tho stream of time. He inherits your fortune and fame, and is to transmit them to generations to come. It cannot be otherwise. A daughter divides your fortune, transmits less of your fame, and loses your name. A boy is more nearly yourself than any thing else can be. It is through your boy you go down in history ; through your boy you arc to live in the future ; by Ir m you are to act upon the generation that is to come. It may be difficult to govern him ; but be patient; lie may seem averse to everything useful and good, but wait. No one can tell what is in a boy. lie may surprise you soma day. Hope. Let him grow. Whilo his body grows larger and stronger his mental and moral nature may expand and improve. Some boys ar3 men in stature, but arc stilli boys in mind. It may bo so with your boy ; and if so there ia reason for hope. In such cases there is oftan great outcome. The body is the tree, the mind the fruit. It is well for the tree to take deep root before it is loaded with fruit; then tire fruit will bo the more and the better.’ , Educate your boy. You may think money spent in that way is money #pent in vain. There is nothing in him ; he has no pride, no ambition, no aspiration. You don't know. No one can tell what is in a boy. Besides, there may be an unkindled spark, an up fanned flame, a smouldering fire, a latent energy, which the teacher's rod may stir, tho association with books and men may arouse, develop and direct, and thus start your boy agomg, with such energy and determination that no power on earth could stop him short of the topmost round in the ladder of fame. If j’ou cannot educate him, let him educate himself. That is tho best way. That will make him strong, a giant with whom no one. dare interfere. Such arc the best men in the world. The greatest benefactors of the race have stooped their shoulders to bear burdens., have carried hands harde led with rough labor, have endured the fatigue of toil. Many such arc in our mind now. Juubot omniu vincit,. “ Labor conquers all things.” The old Roman was right. We sec it in a thousand instances. Labor makes the man. No boy ever came to be a man, the noblest work of God, with out labor. This is God's great law ; there is a divine philosophy in it. Let your : boy work ; if he will not work, make him work. There is no progress, no development, no out come, no true manhood without it. We must work. A wild, rattling, thoughtless boy of the days of yore is in our mind's eye. Who would have thought it ? lie is a strong, ac tive, efficient, untiring Baptist preacher, of large ; nfluence in another State. Another, a successful physician, occupying a good posi tion in this city, and a Christian gentleman. Father, be kind to your boy. We know what a mother will do. Thank God! A mother’s love, a mother’s prayers, follow us still; and the memory of her anxious tears shall never fade out during the succession of years. Finally, but not least pray for your boy. God hears prayer. Do the be3t you can, commit all that yon cannot do to God, and hope. Never despair, for no one knows what is in a boy.— Baptist Reflector. Giving Up Their Dead. An interesting and important point concern,- ing the finding of bodies of drowned persona in the Mississippi river is made by Deputy Coroner Preadlow, of St. Louis, who has been engaged in securing and caring for these bodies for nearly twenty years. April is the great month for the bodies in tho river. Then is the time when what they term the five and six monthers are found. Bodies that have been at the bottom of the river aU winter always rise in April. In fact, all the cases of drowning in the winter are surely heard of in April, if ever. Most cases of drowning, the figures prove, take place in August. Then, the water being warm, the body rises to ihe surface within forty-eight hours after its disappearance. In Maj-, the body that goes to the bottom is seldom heard of until nine days have passed bv. The tern peraturc of the water governs the time. So long as the water is cold the body is pre served. As soon as the wator oommcnces to change from cold to warm the tissuos oxpand and soften, and the body becomes filled liko a sponge with water. This equivalent weight makes tho body weigh less than the water NUMBER 4..