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ROBERT S. HOWARD, }
Editor and Publisher. (
VOLUME I.
£cgnf jltloeriiscmcuk
1 EOK(iiIA t Jackson County.
M hcreas, C. W. Ilood. Executor of Z. S. Hood,
deceased, represents to this Court, hy his petition
duly filed, that he has fully and completely ad
ministered said deceased's estate, and is entitled
to a discharge from said administration —
This is to cite all concerned, kindred and cred
itors, to show cause, if any they can, on the first
Monday in September, 1881, at the regular term
of the Court of Ordinary of said count}’, why Let
ters of Dismission shoflld not be granted the ap
plicant from said trust.
(iiven under my official signature, this Mav 30.
1881. 11. W. HELL, Ord’y.
(1 IIOICI-IA, Jackson County.
jr
Whereas. -James L. Williamson, Executor on
foe estate of John S. Hunter, late of said county,
deceased, applies for leave to sell the land belong
ing to the estate of said deceased—
This is to cite all concerned, kindred and cred
itors, to show cause, if any, at the regular term
of the Court of Ordinary of said county, on the
first Monday in August, 18S1, why said leave
should not be granted the applicant.
(iven under my official signature, this June 28,
1881. 11. W. BELL, Ord’y.
Whereas, James L. Williamson, Administrator
on the estate of Thomas Dalton, late of said coun
ty, dec'd. applies for leave to sell the land belong
ing to the estate of said deceased—
This is to cite all concerned, kindred and cred
itors, to show cause, if any, on the first Monday
in August, 1881, at the regular term of the Court
of Ordinary of said county, why said leave should
not be granted the applicant.
(liven under mv official signature, this June 28,
1881. ’ 11. W. HELL, Ord’y.
| |i:oicc;ia , Jaekswii County.
Whereas, James Greer. Administrator of Win
ney Wiliamson, late of said county, deceased,
applies forleave to sell the land and real estate
belonging to the estate of said deceased—
This is to cite all concerned, kindred and cred
itors, to show cause, if any, before the Court of
Ordinary of said county, on the first Monday in
August, 1881, why said leave should not he grant
ed the applicant.
(liven under my official signature, this -June 28,
1881. 11. W. HELL, Ord’y.
UlOlUiilA, Jackson County.
Whereas. James L. Williamson, Administrator
of M. Williamson, late of said county, dec’d, ap
plies for leave to sell the land and real estate of
said deceased—
This is to cite all concerned, kindred and cred
itors, lo show cause, if any, before the Court of
Ordinary of said county, on the first Monday in
August, 1881, why said leave should not be grant
ed the applicant.
(liven under my official signature, this June 28,
1881. 11. W. HELL, Ord’y.
Whereas, C. M. Wood. Administrator on the
estate of A. M. Loggins, late of said county, de
ceased, represents to the Court, by his petition
duly filed, that he has fully administered said es
tate, and is entitled to a discharge—
This is to cite all concerned, kindred and cred
itors, to show cause, at the Court of Ordinary of
said county, on the first Monday in October, 1881,
why said applicant should not have Lctteis of Dis
mission from his said trust.
Given under my official signature this June 28,
1881. 11. W. HELL, Ord’y.
| 1 l-'Olt<xlA, .Incksoii County.
Whereas, W. P. Cosby, Administrator on the
estate of Frances C. Cosby, late of said county,
deceased, represents to the Court that he has fully
administered said estate, and is therefore entitled
to betters of Dismission—
This is to cite all concerned, kindred and cred
itors, to show cause, at the Court of Ordinary of
said county, on the first Monday in October, 1881,
why said letters should not be granted the appli
cant.
Given under my official signature, this Junc2S,
1881. 11. \V. BELL, Ord’y.
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JEFFERSON. JACKSON COUNTY. GA., FRIDAY. JULY S. ISSI.
HVA/VA'Y K\XBC‘£lilAOfc\.
[From the Thomasville Times.
Sound Talk.
Thomas County, Ga., June 1, 1881.
Mr. Editor :—As our situation is becom
ing so deplorable and so desperate, I beg
leave to offer through your paper a few
thoughts for the reflection and careful con
sideration of our people of the South ; not
because they are unaware and unconscious of
the but because of a sincere desire to
stir up their pure minds in the way of re
membrance, and to arouse their sleeping en
ergies to a more perfect realization of our
lamentable affairs : to such a realization as
shall work at least some attempt at reforma
tion and improvement.
Our situation to day is simply deplorable;
almost entirely dependent upon the North
and Northwest for “ daily bread’’ and rai
ment for ourselves and feed for our stock ;
bankrupt at home; in short, the poorest set
of land owners “on the face of God’s green
earth.” By the providence of God, our lots
have been cast here in a fertile land, a pleas
sant and healthy climate, capable of produc
ing almost every article of food and clothing
necessary for man and the entire animal crea
tion, with all otlx?r advantages of which any
people can boast; and yet, notwithstanding
all this, we are a splendid, magnificent fail
ure. We have, if properly managed, plenty
of the best and cheapest labor in the world
for the South. We can raise, on almost every
farm in the South, in Georgia, in Thomas
count}’, silk, cotton, corn, peas, potatoes, rice,
oats, rye, wheat, sugar cane, sorghum, a vari
ety of native grasses, almost all manner of
vegetables, a large variety of fruits, peaches,
apples, pears, figs, plums, oranges, &c,,many
different varieties of grapes, with a variety of
fruits growing wild in fields and woods; al
most all kinds of stock, horses, mules, cows,
sheep, goats, hogs, all kinds of domestic
fowls, and any variety of dogs. I would not
be so tedious in mentioning all these, but for
the reason that so many of our planters seem
to be convinced that they can raise nothing
but cotton, “collat'd greens ,” and dogs.
Pause, reader, .and think for only one mo
ment. All these things, less the dogs, can
and ought to bo raised profitably on almost
every farm in the old county of Thomas.
We can have something growing both for
man and beast from January to January, the
entire year round. We seldom have a day
too cold or too hot to hinder us from doing a
full day’s work. We can wear the cheapest
clothing ; can work half the year barefooted,
if need be ; can raise all the above mention
ed fowls and stock with but little shelter
during our coldest winters, and besides they
can gather their own living, if you will but
raise it for them and put them on it.
Such are our advantages by nature, and
yet, with plenty of fertile, all-producing land,
good labor, freely flowing, never-failing wa
ter, abundant timber, railroads, good markets,
mills, agricultural machines, factories, prea
chers, teachers, lawyers and doctors, wc are
notwithstanding poor and bankrupt. Why
is it thus? Simply the overproduction of
cotton to the neglect of everything else. Our
trouble is too much cotton, too much idleness
or loss of time, too much credit, too ranch
farm, a want of pride and interest in our
business, an almost perfect lack of that pub
lic, enterprising spirit which keeps a people
alive to their immediate interests and neces
sities.
Now let us make up our minds to be well
to-do, thrifty farmers, high minded, honor
able gentlemen, the “ bone and sinew” of all
other trades and professions, the independent
support of our families, and the pride of the
nat’on. Let us educate our children equal
to any other people, and make our homes the
pride of our families. It is not necessary
that we be rich to do this; we have only to
get “on the right track,” and make schedule
time, and that is, “early to bed and early to
rise.” go to work, stick to your work, go to
toxn only when you have business, have but
little to do with politics, never drive an empty
wagon to market, always sell more than you
buy, pay cash as you go, live within your in
come, owe no man, have a surplus of every
thing needed about your plantation, make
everything not only meet, but lap, don’t try
to put on too much land and mules and hire
too much laborers, qu't complaining about
the merchants’ profits, your doctor bills, law
yer fees, railroads, &c., until you get “on the
right track” 3'ourselvt-s ; organize just like
they have done. Let every plantation be an
organization within itself, and then, and not
until then, we cau dictate terms to them ; we
can then smoke qur cigars, drink lager beer,
go to the springs as a summer recreation.
Ac. But I must stop this, for fear I will lead
you astray, for it is not in your line of busi
ness to drink lager beer and seek these sum
mer resorts, for you can drink corn and cane
beer, and you must be at home during the
day and at home during the night, and your
wife must be there when you arc there, and
there when you are necessarily absent.
Well, for the purpose of illustration, we will
take up one hard-hearted, desperate, cornless,
baconlcss, cotton-sinner, that hath the smell
of guano about his person, that knowelh not
FOR THE PEOPLE.
the ways of the successful farmer, that hath
his all mortgaged ; that hath not had a six
month rations of home raised provisions in
the earliest recollections of his oldest child,
that neither fcareth man nor regardeth his
own interests, that standeth half dead on his
feet, possessed of that evil spirit, king cotton,
which keeps him bound in chains and fetters.
And his name is Legion. Now let us have
this evil spirit cast out, let us have him lifted
on his feet again, let us send him on the right
track, and let his light shine so that others
may see and take heed and do likewise ac
cording to the extent of their sin.
Since the past cannot be undone, starting
then from the first day of June, we will sup
pose this old sinner has about 2,000 acres of
land, 10 mules, no corn in barn, no bacon, no
money, big cotton crop, little corn, but little
oats planted, but few hogs, f’ewcows, no but
ter, no milk. (Hard is the way of the trans
gressor.) Now, friend, from now till the first
of January, raise and savejeverything possi
ble; do the best yon can with this cotton
crop ; start a stock of hogs and cows equal
to your necessities; sell otf enough of your
property to pay your debts and save enough
money to run you at least six months of the
year on a casli basis; turn out from one to
two acres of your worthless land for each cow
to broomsedge, from one to two acres of
weeds to each hog; set apart enough land
for ground peas, chufas and potatoes to do
your hogs from the first of September to
March or April; feed a little corn with your
weeds till the oats are ready, which, with a
patch of sorghum or peas, will last until your
ground peas are ready ; give a little salt and
ashes occasionally, and you will have plenty
of good bacon at a cost of from C to 8 cents,
unless the cholera gets among the bogs; if
that be the case, try it again. Be sure to
raise enough for all in your employment, or
have them to do it, for they must be fed and
clothed, whether you get pay for it or not.
Sow from 10 to 20 acres of oats to the horse,
which should be done in the fall; plant in
corn enough land to make at least 200 bush
els to the horse ; plant enough sugar cane to
make an ample supply of sugar and syrup ;
raise your flour, if you can; grow all the
fruit that will grow around you profitably,
together with a large variety of vegetables.
And now you are ready for cotton ; plant
about \ or I of what you generally plant, and
in a short time you will get 20 cents for cot
ton, and do it with half the labor we do it
now. Manage to raise all the manure you
can on your farm ; buy fertilizers, if you are
satisfied it pays you ; plow in green vegetable
matter ; rest your land ; stock your corn land
with “beggar weed,” which will improve it 10
percent, annually; for early oats, if you
don’t wish to plant cotton land, plant a weed
field in peas in summer and follow with oats
in the fall. The raising of sheep doubtless
is profitable in many sections, according to
the surroundings, though I never tried it.
Goats arc profitable, if you can keep them
from mischief. As to cows, keep as many as
can be profitably raised.
As to the labor question, we have plenty
of the very best for our use; if 3-011 don't
think so, turn out more of your old land. The
negro is the laborer for the South ; let 11s
train him and educate him the best we can ;
he is able, health}’, cheecrful, and contented,
and can be fed, clothed, and housed very
cheaply; and as for integrity and moral and
social worth, that we pass over lightly ; try
to make enough to feed and clothe him ; look
to his interest as well as to yours, if you
don’t some morning you will awake and find
him gone west of the Mississippi, and I will
say, “ I told you so.” Then I say, hire the
negro, rise with him, go with him, stay with
him, watch him, carry your own keys, do your
own duty, and sec that he does his.
Follow the plans above laid down, and my
word for it, success will crown your efforts ;
and in three years, we will get 20 cts. for
cotton, and will have a land abounding in all
the necessaries of life ; and every farmer of
any industry will be a money lender, and
there will be no use for banks, except to put
our money in for safe keeping, because no
one will want to borrow it, and if there should
be no bank convenient, we can have a bank
of our own by building up our Colleges, and
building us factories. Now, Mr. Editor,
desperate cases require dcsperac remedies,
and therefore I move that we, the people of
the South, meet in solemn convention on the
fourth day of July next, at every connty site,'
town, and place of meeting in the South, in
Georgia, more especially in Thomas county,
and declare our independence again and
forever of King Cotton, making our ‘‘ Declara
tion of Independence,” in resolutions, to the
following effect:
Resolved 1 st, That we, the farmers of
Thomas county, from this, the 4th day cf
July, 1881, declare our independence of King
Cotton and of the North and West for our
daily rations; that we will, for the next 99
years, or during our natural life, try, by the
help of Almighty God, to raise plenty of the
necessaries of life for our families and county*
and our beasts and all creeping things in old
Thoma3 county ; that we will henceforth and
forever plant only one-half the cotton we have
been planting, ad, furthermore, we bind our
j heirs and executors and administrators to
the same course.
Resolved 2nd , That wc, the farmers of
I’homas county, in convention assembled
request the merchants, more especially those
of this place, and all others friendly to the
cause of independence of King Cotton and
the North, on and after one year from this
date, neither to aid or abet in any wav, any
man, without regard to either race, color, or
previous condition, in the over-production of
cotton.
Resolved 3rd, That our county papers
publish these proceedings, requesting all
papers friendly to the welfare of mankind to
copy.
P- S. —Mr. Editor, I thought I had finished ;
but I have become • bilious’ on this subject.
Some, who have never tried the plaus, which
I have suggested, may think them extravagant.
Not so ; for I positively have followed them,
in the main, for the last fifteen years with
regular success up to date, and though I have
not made a fortune, I have made an in
dependent living. Neither have I attained to
that degree of a farmer and high-toned country
gentleman that I desire the farmer to be, and
for which, there is no good reason why thev
should not be. For the sake of proving up
my position, I will state that I have been
farming with from 10 to 40 plows—say an
average of 20—over}’ year since the war
(pardon me for mentioning the number of
plows; I do so simply to show what can be
done on any size farm); that I have raised
on an average an ample supply of corn, bacon,
oats, sugar, syrup, and other farm products,
too tedious to mention, for laborers under my
employment ; that I have been raising about
as much cotton as my neighbors. But, “in
the course of human events,” it has become
necessary for me to make a change, an*l I
want the farmers all to join me in the good
work before it is everlastingly too late. It is
necessary to make a change for these reasons :
the oat crop for the last few years has been
very uncertain, my corn land isgetting poorer;
less than two years ago the cholera killed
nearly all ray stock hogs, the price of bacon
and cotton has become so unhealthy that I can
not make “ schedule time” much longer. Now
I propose to make the connection by putting
off half cotton and substituting more corn,
oats and weeds for my hogs, rest more land,
raise more hogs, have more time for ol her
things, feed fewer mules, feed and pay fewer
laborers, cultivate better land, and let my
neighbors have more land and labor. Brother
farmers, let us all put our “ shoulders to the
wheel,” make a hard push, strong pull, and
pull altogether, and soon we shall have plenty
6 cts. bacon, 20 cts. cotton, and plenty of
money; then shall wc be on the road to
success, and then shall wc be able to make
“schedule time.” John I. Parker.
Arp’s Crop.
They say that heat expands things and
I reckon it must be so for the corn rows in
our low ground are right smart. longer than
ever I knew them. We have just finished
laying by one field of twelve acres and it
was to thin out and dress off after the culti
vator and the rows arc nearly a quarter of
a mile long and the corn is well up to a
man’s shoulders, and the ground was hot and
the air dry and sultry, and nary a tree at
either end and no way to dodge— no gentle
breeze, no shade, no unbcrell. It’s pull up
and chop, and pull up and chop till the horn
blows for dinner, and the same thing after
dinner and the days are as long as the corn
rows and by sundown a feller is wet all over
and dusty and dirty and tired, but it wont do
to let down or cave in and so after a good
bath and a change of clothes he feels renewed
and can talk big and the boys and young
folks have a musical sworrec mostevery night,
and last night they all cut out to a sociable
country dance and got back about two o’clock
in the morning and they left the baby with
me and Mrs. Arp or Mrs. Arp and me to tend
to and the little thing woke up as usual about
the wrong time and wanted its mamma and
she was gone and Mrs. Arp couldent do any.
thing with it, and I had to walk it and walk
it and sing to it and trot it on my knee and
rub its little back and elsewhere until away
after midnight, when wc both give it up and
went to sleep together. Its been along time
since I played that part in the comedy of life,
and I had sorter lost the lick and forgot some
of the old songs, but they all came back to
me very natural—” Julianna Johnson” and
“ Way Down in Shinbone Alley” and all, and
when I get too old to do anything else I
reckon I can make a living nursing my grand
children, but my wife, Mrs. Arp, she says she
has done her share and her children must look
after their own young ones, though she is
willing to oversec-the business and tell how
it ought to be done. I like overseeing, its a
stately, dignified sort of a business. Mrs.
Arp makes a queenly overseer, and can see
over as much in a day as anybody. She can
see grease spots, and fly specks, and cob
webs, and dirty clothes all about when nobtd j
else can. When she goes off on a visit wc let
things run their own way until the day before
she comes back, and then there is a general
cleaning up, and we make believe the house
and yard has been that wav a]ljime. TLicit
\ TERMS, $1.50 PER ANNUM.
) SI.OO for Six Months.
is nothing like a household having a good
overseer.
Wei!, wc have laid by a good part of tho
corn crop and its done with until fodder
pulling. No hard work in July and its not
recorded that we will pull any fodder in
August. It hurts the corn sonic and wc can
buy it at 90 cents a hundred in the fall and
sell it to the cotton growers next spring for
$2.50, and we've got a barn full of clover and
there's more to come from the second crop,
and the crab grass will be numerous and can
be mowed with the mower, and the oats will
fill up everything, and so I reckon the corn
crop will soon be all done except the gather
ing, but these poor cotton makers have got to
work and sweat and grunt all the summer
long, and on until Christmas, and be in an
everlasting strain and stew all the time. Then
the}' will sell for about what it cost to mako
it, or perhaps less, and if there is an\* profit
at all the speculator will get it. It would
seem a great calamity for cotton to get down
to 7 or 8 cents next fall, but I reckon it would
be the best thing for our people, for its better,
to break all over at once than to be breaking,
little I)}- little all the time. It wauhj teach
’em a lesson that nothing else will. We will
reap our oats next week, and then comes the
thrashing business in general, and that is a
big frolic of a day, for.,the traveling thrash
slips in on us by sunrise and does its wqfk
in a hurry and is gone... It takes up its tent, .
like an Arab, and silently steals awa3 r . Then
the children frolic and turn summersets in the
hig straw pile. Hut our straw is not going
to be thrown around loose this 3 T car., Wo
have built a rack pf.piop .polps, all
skinned, a big one, and it is in,the shape of
the letter W, only there arc twQ, of’them
together, and they arc bracyd and supported
by long posts in the ground, and when filled,
with straw the cattle can, take shelter under
neath it and cat between the poles all muter.
On the whole I think wq are getting along
pretty well in this sublunary world, consider
ing that we haven't got any bank or railroad
or manganese mine and I don’t belong to no
syndicMe nor the republican party. Wc arc
living pretty high now. Yesterday we had
blackberries, and dewberries, and mulberries,
and huckleberries and rasberries all pt ono
time, besides cherries and plums and all sorts
of vegetables. You see it was my birthday
and Mrs. Arp she will put on culinary airs,
on a family birthday especially mine. Spring
chickens and pies and custard, ct
cetera and so forth, and there is a power of
birthda\’s in this famil3’, counting children,,,
and grandchildren, and cver3 r one of era must ,
be a little extra, and if wc perish between
times wc revive again on a birthday, so I j
reckon it’s all right, for if wc had big dinners
every day we would soon cease to enjoy cm.
There is one thing wc are enjoying now ap
well as we can, though I’m prepared to say
there’s tilings in nature I .enjoy more than
red bugs. It keeps me busy loqking for em
on the children and greasing etp.with salti,
butter; but I tell em they are a healthy insect,
for the3’ keep the pores of the skin open and
save doctor's bills. I never knew anybody
to die while red bugs were lotting em—and
it's better to save life t>3 r a scratch than not,
save it at all. Bill Aup.
The Old or the New.,
Just as the church bells were ringing their
nine o'clock chime yesterday, Mr. .Smiley
remarked to Hannah, “ Pass me the l>ook.”
“ Which will yon have, Ichabod, the old or
the new version ?” and she brushed the,,
crumbs from her apron and reached for the
mantle piece.
‘‘Hannah, as long as I live I shall read
from that old leather covered Hible. The
first thing I|remembcr about my grandfather
was his reading the parable of the foolish
virgins from that very book. I was a wco
little boy then, but I remember I cried, and
asked grandma If she couldn’t spare some oil.
for those who were left outside. And then,
Hannah, I’ve heard my father read from that
very same hook thousands of times. That
book,” and he patted the open pages lovingly,
•‘that book is old, the leaves are yellow with
time, but it is sacred in this house. It has
been in service at every wedding and birth
and funeral in the family for nigh on to a
hundred years, and every morning and ever}*
evening has some good truth been read from
it. No, Hannah, the new version may do for
the young folks, but you and 1, with the gates
of heaven just turning their hinges for us,
have no time to fo.>l witli it. I will read this
morning the last chapter of Revelation, and
let the glory of the future shine upon us and
do our hearts good.” And as he -turned his.
eyes to the printed page there was a thick
mist on bis glasses. —Nevj Haven Register.
In Self Defense.
.According to the Georgetown (Del.) In
quirer, the old salts who live down at Hen
lopen are a pitiless, not to say hard, crowd.
That paper says : Some seaman wandering
along the Rehobotli beach last winter found
a drowned man. They took the corpse up,
carried it to Captain Tredendick’s bar-room,
stood it up at the corner of the bar and went
out and told Tredendick a friend wanted to
treat the crowd. The crowd drank and left.
To Tredwick's surprise he could get neither
money nor answer from the corpse, and be
coming enraged struck him. lie fell to the
floor with a thud. liecoming scared he called
on the man’s friends, and each solemnly de
clared the fellow was dead. Tredendick,
white as a sheet and with trembling voice,
was at first dumbfounded, but at last he ex.
clai Dcd : “ NVell. I did it in self-defense;
he dn wji kjiiCa. '- ■ 7 ‘ - 1 1 '
NUMBER 20.