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Lime as a Fertilizer. Tl|Cfe h :ts been a good deal said of late fipon the subject of ground litnestomf as a fertilizer. In order to discuss this matter one must first understand clearly the future of limestone ; its chemical composition and action with water and other elements. It is a very widely distributed mineral in its various forms, pure anddmpure. Limestone is a compound of carbonic acid and lime. The carbonic acid can be easily liberated from its union with the liinc by the use of another acid which has a stronger affinity for the lime. Thus, place a piece of lime in a glass of water and add sulphuric or muriatic acid, and the carbonic acid is set free as a gas, which rising in bubbles to the surface of the water causes an effervescence. If sulphuric acid has been used, it replaces the carbonic acid, and instead of carbonate of lime a sulphate of lime (gypsum) is formed. 1 liis is what takes place in the generator of a soda fountain. Finely ground marble, which is one of the purest forms of limestone, is put into the generator and sulphuric acid added, after which the liberated carbonic acid "as is taken up and hedd by the water under pressure. Limestone i3 very slightly soluble in water, it taking I,GOO parts of water to dissolve one part of limestone. 'I he carbonic acid of the limestone can be separated from the lime by heat, and this ? s done on a large scale in every lime kiln. If freshly burnt lime is tested with a strong acid, there is no evolution of gas because there is no carbonic acid present; there is only lime. Freshly burned limestone gives quick lime. If a lump of this quickdimc is put in a dish of water, or has water poured upon it, the lump soon becomes hot, swells up and falls into a fine white powder. The water has united with the quick lime and has changed it into slaked lime or caustic lime. Quick lime exposed for a time to the air takes up the water from the atmosphere and slowly slakes and becomes air slaked lime. It has been seen that in the process of burning the limestome has given up its carbonic acid, but it has not lost the power of again taking up carbonic acid and forming with it a carbonate of lime. Ground lime stome is inert or inactive so far as its relation to carbonic acid is concerned, simply because it has enough in itself and is satisfied. It is not so with burned lime, quick or slaked lime, for they take in carbonic acid and slowly change into carbonate of lime, or, so to speak, limestone. Lime is an essential element of plant food, but it is widelj'distributed and so universal!} 7 present in sufficient quantities, that as such it is generally believed that any addition of it is not called for. The action of lime in the soil upon which its value depends, is its power to aid in the decomposition of organic matter, thus fitting it to be taken up as food bv the growing plants. The ability of lime to do this work depends upon its power or affinity for carbonic acid, removing it from organic compounds, etc., and thus acting as a decomposing agent. Limestone being already a carbonate has no affinity for carbonic acid, and is inactive in that respect. The value of lime is most marked upon a soil rich in vegetable matter. That same soil may contain an abundance of limestone, in fact be underlaid by it, but where burnt limestone, that is, quick-lime, is added, the effect is very marked. Lime, doubtless, has other good effects upon soils. There is a relationship between it and ammonia, and upon heavy clay soil it bas a salutary mechanical effect in making them less adhesive and more open and porous. But its chief use is its stimulating effect upon dccomposible organic matter in the soil. On this account burnt lime is far superior to ground limestone, and the quicker it is used after being burned the better, because the more thorough in its caustic action .—Farmers' Review. Making a Hot Bed. The following simple directions for making a hot bed are from the “Seed Annual” of I). M. Ferey & Cos., of Detroit, Mich.: “ Se lect a southeast aspect and take out the soil to the depth of eighteen inches the size vou require; make a frame eighteen inches hi"h at the back and one foot high in front, filling it with stable manure well shaken as it is placed in ; cover with six inches of good, mellow loam, or light soil, allowing it to stand two or three days, till the gross heat has passed away. Now sow your seeds as previously directed. As the seedlings appear above ground give air by tilting the sashes at the back ; during nights a mat should he thrown over the frame to prevent the loss of heat being careful on bright, sunny days to shade the plants from the burning rays of the sun. A good method is to give the glass a slight coat of whitewash. As soon as the plants are large enough they may be transplanted in the open ground, but before doing so they should be well hardened off. If 3’ou have a cold frame it would be well to plant them in it a week or two for this purpose. Fresh stable manure, in which there is plenty of litter, is most suited for this purpose. There should be at least one-third litter in the heap. If this is not in the mass in sufficient quantity add leaves or tanbark. Shake it up and mix well together, adding water if at all dry and musty, and throw it into a compact heap to ferment. Let it remain a week, and then throw it over thoroughly as before, and add water if necessary. Where the ground is quite dry a very good method is'to dig a space about eighteen Indies deep and put in the manure, tramping it firmly and evenly, and put in flm rich earth, and in about four days sow the A3 OMH'Hc . A Chapter on Vegetables. HOW TO COOK AND PREFACE THEM FOR TIIE TABLE. Beets are familiar enough boiled and sliced, either served hot with butter, pepper and salt, or pickled, but a novelty is a beet pudding, made by mixing a pint of cooked sugar-beets, chopped, witli four eggs, a quart of milk, a little salt and pepper, a tablespoonful of but ter and baking them about half an hour ; cold boiled beets sliced and fried with butter are palatable ; to cook them so that none of their color shall be lost, carefully wash them with out breaking the skin or cutting of the roots or stalks, and boil them until tender, about an liour, in boiling salted water. Turnips, either white or yellow, stewed in gravy, are excellent. Choose a quart of small even size ; peel them, boil them ; boil them fifteen minutes in well-salted boiling water; drain them ; put them into a frying pan with sufficient butter to prevent burning ; brown them ; stir in a tablespoonful of flour ; cover them with hot water; add a palatable season ing of salt and pepper and stew them gently until tender. Or peel and cut them in small regular pieces ; brown them over the fire with a little butter and a slight sprinkling of su gar ; add salt and pepper and boiling water enough to cover them, and gently stew them until tender ; serve them hot. Parsnips are not sufficiently appreciated, perhaps because of their too sweet taste ; but ffiis can be overcome to a palatable extent Iby judicious cookery; they are excellent when sliced, after boiling and warmed in a sauce made by mixing flour, butter and milk over the fire and seasoning it with salt and pepper; a3 soon as warm they are served witji a little chopped parsley and a squeeze of lemon juice. For parsnips fried brown in an old-fashioned iron pot with slices of salt pork and a seasoning of salt and pepper, several good words might be said. Carrots boiled and mashed and warmed with butter, pepper and salt, deserve to be known ; or sliced and quickly browned in butter; tossed for five minutes over the fire with chopped onion, parsley, butter ; or toss ed for five minutes over the fire with chopped onion, parsley, butter, seasonings and suf ficient gravy to moisten them; or boiled, quartered, heated with cream, seasoned, and, at the moment of serving, thickened with the yolk of eggs. Onions are capital when sliced and quickly fried in plenty of smoking hot fat, or roasted whole until tender, and served with butter, pepper and salt; or chosen while still small, carefully peeled without breaking, browned in butter, and then simmered tender with just boiling water enough to cover them ; or boil ed tender in broth and then heated five min utes in nicely seasoned cream. Oyster plant, scraped under cold water, boiled tender in salted water containing a trace of vinegar, and then heated with a lit tle highly seasoned melted butter, is excel lent ; the tender leaves which it often bears make a nice salad. Somewhat like oyster plant are Jerusalem artichokes, which are good and cheap in this market. Like oyster plant they must be peeled under waiter, boil ed tender, and then served with melted but ter, or quickly browned in butter, either plain or with chopped herbs, or served with an acid sauce of any kind. Celery we know best in its uncooked state, but it is very good stewed in any brown or white gravy or sauce, or rolled in fritter bat ter and fried brown. Squash and pumpkin are very good either boiled, sliced, and broiled or fried, or made into fritters like oyster plant. Potatoes, most important of all hardy veg etables, must close the list. Lives there a cook with soul so dead as not to be willing to Q expend all the powers of fire, water and salt to produce mealy potatoes ? If so, the writ ing of her epitaph would be a cheerful task. And if cold ones are left they can rehabili tate themselves in favor by appearing chop ped, moistened with white sauce or cream, and either fried in butter or baked quickly, with a covering of bread crumbs. Steam fried, that is sliced raw, put into a covered pan over the fire, with butter and seasoning, and kept covered until tender, with only enough stirring to prevent burning, they are capital. To fry them Lyonnaisc style they are cooled in their jackets to keep them whole, sliced about a quarter of an inch thick, brown ed in butter with a little onion, sprinkled with chopped parsley, pepper and salt, and served hot. Larded, they have bits of fat ham or bacon inserted in them, and arc baked tender. Note well that the more ex peditiously a baked potato is cooked and eaten the better it will be. Airing the Beds. It must be a false idea of neatness which demands that beds should be made soon after being vacated. Let it be remembered that more than three-fifths of the solids and liquids taken into the stomach should pass ofFthrough the pores of the skin—7,ooo,ooo in number —and that this escape is most rapid during the night, while warm in bed. At least one half of the waste and putrid matter (from tweuty to thirty ounces in the night) must become more or less tangled in the bedding —of course soiling it—and a part of this may become re-absorbed by the skin if it is allow ed to come in contact with it on the next night, as it must if the bedding is not ex posed for a few hours in the light. We may well imitate the Dutch example of placing such bedding on two chairs near the window in the sunlight, or in the window, that the best purifier known, the light of the sun, may dissipate their impurities or neutralize them. At least three hours, on the average, is as LOOK AT THIS! Tilling: of it i .a.jnt:d COME AND SEE FOR YOURSELVES. JITBT R.BCEIVED 300 ELEGANT COOK STOVES, 3000 Bozen Wash Pans, 100 Bozen Splendid Baking Pans, 100 Bozen Elegant Dish Pans, And a large stock of goods in our line which will be sold CHEAP FOB CASH. A. K. CHILDS & CO. Feb. 25 Opposite Reaves, Nicholson & Cos., Athens, Ga. A. 11. ROBERTSON, DEALER IN ITALIAN AND AMERICAN MARBLE Monuments, Tombs, Head & Foot Stones, LARGE and SMALL CRADLE TOMBS, Marble and Granite Bos Tombs, AT ALL PRICES TO SUIT PURCHASERS. A Large, Lot of Finished Monuments and Tombstones on Hand for Sale and Ready for Lettering. My Yard is Full of Marble, and Ready to Fill Any Orders. <3-1 VIE 3VET] -A. CALL, -ZAUNTD GET MY PRICES. A. R. ROBERTSON, Monumental Builder, Athens. Georgia. BALDWIN & BURNETT, WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DEALERS IN 3E3Oe> 8 3753 Jk. IXTIO SSXXCHBSi, JVo. 3 Broad Street, Athens, Georgia. WE HAVE just received the largest and most complete stock of Hoots and Shoes ever brought to Athens. The quality of our goods is of the highest order, and our prices within the reach of all. We deal EXCLitJSIVBXjY in this lino, and promise the most courteous treatment and perfect satisfaction to all who may call. TO MERCHANTS: Our WIIOLKSALK DEPARTMENT is complete, and we guarantee prices as low as any house in the South, and will save you freight. GS-I-VE XT S AA C ALE. BALD WIJY § BURNETT. Athens, Ga., October Ist, 1880. LOWE <&& CO-T WHOLESALE DEALERS IN FOREIGN AND DOMESTIC LIQUORS, Eto., Etc. ALSO AGENTS FOR TIIE CELEBRATED Stone Mountain Corn Whisky. Corner Broad and Jackson Sts., Athens, G-a. Feb. 25 @5 ££ Outfit sent free to those who wish to cn gage in the most pleasant and profitable business known. Everything new. Capital not required. We will furnish you everything. $lO a day and upwards is easily made without staying away from home over night. No risk whatever. Many new workers wanted at once. Many arc making fortunes at the business. Ladies make as much as men, and young boys and girls make great pay. No one who is willing toAvork fails to make more money every day than can be made in a week at any ordinary employment. Those who engage at once will find a short road to for tune. Address 11. llallett & Cos., Portland. Maine. Yermor’s Prediction’s! For this Month's Weather, prepared expressly for s ronni it rs it a; vi ew. Coffins! Coffins! IV ILL keep on hand, in Jefferson, a full sup ply of COFFINS —AND— BURIAL CASES of all sizes, and at prices to suit the times. Every effort will be made to serve parties prompt l}- and Richmond and Danville Rail Road. Passenger Department. ON and after May loth, 1881, Passenger Train Service on the Atlanta and Charlotte Air-Lino vision of this road will be as follows : u, ~ P . CTU ,. DO I U *JJ* j N * Egress, ;U. S. Fast Mail,: Suwanee EASTWARD. No. 4.5, No. L, No. 49, • Accommodation j I C. No. 21. Leave Atlanta j 4.00 A. M. j 3.15 P. M. j G. 30 P. M j 5 (x7~7>~\t Arrive Suwanee 1)| 5.18 4.37 “ ; 7.43 “ Lula El G. 45 “ 5.59 “ j 9.00 “ i “ Toccoa Fj 7.58 “ i 7.15 “ I lo!l< “ j “ Seneca Gi 9.20 “ ; 8.40 “ I 11.25 “ I “ Greenville 11l 10.58 “ 10.20 “ 1.00 A. M “ Spartanburg K 12.14 P. M. 11.40 2.11 I “ Gastonia L; 2.30 “ 2.04 A. M. 4.27 " Charlotte M 3.35 u j 3.15 “ 5.35 “ j i.,r, Tllll n„ U. S. Mail, •jN. Y. Express, !U. S. Fast Mail.! Suwanee WESTWARD. No. 42. ; No. 48. No. 50. Accommodation i I No. 22. Leave Charlotte M; 12.30 P. M. 12.20 A. M. 12.10 A. M. I “ Gastonia Li 1.27 “ j 1.30 “ I 12.50 “# * j “ Spartanburg K.I 3.50 “ 4.05 “ i 2.53 “ i “ Greenville II; 5.07 “ j 5.18 “ ; 4.05 u ! “ Seneca (jj G. 50 “ 7.02 “ 5.27 “ i “ Toccoa FI f.Ol “ j 8.15 “ j 0.30 “ I “ Lula El 9.1 G “ 9.31 “ ! 7.59 “ ! “ Suwanee 1): 10.38 “ j 10.54 “ j 8.51 “ 540 A M Arrive Atlanta I 12.05 A. M. : 12.20 P. M. I 10.00 ** s.OO *“ * CONTISrECTION'S. A with arriving trains of Georgia Central and A. & AV. P. Railroads. 15 with arriving trains of Georgia Central, A. & W. P. and W. & A. Railroads. C with arriving trains of Georgia Railroad. TANARUS) with Lawrcnccvillc Branch to and from Lavvrcnceville, Ga. E with Northeastern Railroad of Georgia to and from Athens, Ga. F with Elberton Air-Line to and from Elberton, Ga. G with Columbia and Greenville to and from Columbia and Charleston, S. C. II with Columbia and Greenville to and from Columbia and Charleston, S. C. lv with Spartanburg and Ashville, and Spartanburg, Union and Columbia to and from Henderson and Ashville, and Alston and Columbia. L with Chester and Lenoir Narrow Guagc to and from Dallas and Chester. M with C., C. (t A—C. C. —R. & 1). and A. T. & O. for all points West, North and East. N with North Carolina Division R. & D. Railroad to and from the North. A. POPE, General Passenger Agent. PARKER & CAMP IUU)8. W e have within the last few weeks opened up a first-class stock of FANCY and FAMILY GROCERIES, CIGARS AMD TOBACCO, STAPLE I)UY GOODS, HATS AM) SHOES , All of which, we are oliering at 10-ooXsl Bottom Prices. Our Goods Arc Bought From Manufacturers For Cash* And We Will Sell vis Cheap vis The Cheapest. C3rl TJfSi \\a\A Y>v Cjowv-vweeA Y\\u\ AY v AY\\a\A AY e Respectfully. PARKER & CAMP EROS., Feb. 25 No. 12 Broad Street, Athens, Ga. THE VJWIEL PRATT COTTON GrlTsT I THE BEST IN THE WORLD! RECEIVED PREMIUMS AT ALL THE STATE FAIRS IN THE COTTON GROWING STATES! PRICE $3.50 PER SAW, DELIVERED. EVERY GIN, FEEDER, and CONDENSER GUARANTEED TO GIVE PERFECT S-A-TISiFA-OTIOINr. This Gin CLEANS THE SEED and makes a better SAMPLE than any Gin on the market. T. FLEMING & SONS, Agents, Juno 24 Hardware Merchants, Athens, Ga. CL 13- M 3 KIE 3 ATHENS, --------- GEORGIA. AGENT FOK. T. T. HAYDOOK’S Cincinnati Buggies and Carriages, W\ve CioVvvw\\)vvs Co" s Vvwe <v*\A Ctvvv'votes, THE CELEBRATED MILBURN ONE AND TWO-HORSE FARM WAGON. BPJf“A good assortment of Harness. Also Manufacturers’ Agents for the WINSHIP COTTON GIN, Cotton Press, Condenser and Feeder, the best gin outfit on the market. Steam Engines, Saw Mills and Agricultural Implements. Prompt attention paid to orders. Terms liberal. Of fice and Ware-Rooms, corner Clayton and Thomas Streets, Athens, Ga. Jniy22 JOHN WINN, Salesman. lliOT) i~y AO E NTS XJXOX -YU. WANTED. WE WANT A LIMITED number of active, ener getic canvassers to engage in a pleasant and prof itable business. Good men will find this a rare chance to ivroisr:e~Nr. Such will please answer this advertisement by letter, enclosing stamp for reply, stating what business they have been engaged in. None but those who mean business need apply. Address FINLEY, HARVEY & CO.. Atlanta, Ga. ■ —- ■ "feJTTT n> Yourselves by making money " -■* I ,|| jSt when a golden chance is offer ed, thereby always keeping poverty from your door. Those who always take advantage of the good chances for making money that are offered, generally become wealthy, while those who do not improve such chances remain in poverty. V o want many men, women, boys and girls to work for us right in their own localities. The business will pay more than ten times ordinary wages. We furnish an expensive outfit and all that you need, free. No one who engages fails to make money very rapidly. You can devote your whole time to the work, or only your spare moments. Full information and all that is needed sent free. Address Stinson & Cos., Portland, Maine. AGEYI S WANTED for the Best and Fastest-Selling Pictorial Books and Bibles. Prices reduced 33 per cent. National Publishing Cn.. Atlanta, (fa. a V \ 1 3IU __