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l ? av w\C/Y s' C o\yv\\\w . Address of Gen. Wm. M. tirovvr.e, BEFORE THE AGRICULTURAL CONVEX ! XION AT HOME, OA., AUG. 9, 1881. [concluded:] The forms in wlTch nitrogen naav lie .applied to the soil as a fertilizer arc : 1. As ammonia salts (sulphate of ammonia). 2. As nitrates (nitrate of soda). 3. As organic matter of animal ori gin (dried biood). 4. As organic matter of vegetable origin (cotton seed meal). The plan of this experiment is : 1. By various unmanured strips to test the production of the original soil. 2. Phosphoric acid, lime and potash are the ingredients most necessary to supply to the plant from the soil. To produce a crop of three hundred pounds o! lint cotton per acre would reipiire in a!!, phosphoric acid forty pounds, potash f.fty pounds. The lime may he disregarded, as more than a sufficient quantity necessarily goes in with the phosphoric acid. We ac cordiriglv add to one plat sutlicient phosphate, and to another sufficient potash to test the action of these alone. Forty eight pounds of nitrogen is ne cessary to raise three hundred pounds lint cotton per acre. To one p'at we add niii ale of soda sufficient to give this quantity to test its action alone. 3. We mix phosphate and muriate of potash to furnish all the necessary phosphoric acid and potash, and apply this .mixture in sets of plats, fir st alone and then mix with one third, two thirds and an equal quantity of am monia salts, nitrate, animal organic and vegetable organic matter (each being a series of plats to itself) neoes sury to furnish the requisite amount of nitrogen. We expect to determine by these experiments : 1. If the plant is dependent on the soil at all for its nitrogen supply. 2. If it is, which form of nitrogen it prefers. 3. If it is dependent upon the soil for all or for only a portion (one third, two-thirds, etc.) of such supply. The object of these experiments is obviously of great importance, and we hope by continuing the experiment, from year to }'car to reach results which will determine a question of the greatest interest to all cotton planters. I am repeating experiments as to distance in planting corn and cotton on uplands—distance between the rows and between the hills in the row. I am also testing the relative merits of a number of varieties of seed, the result of all of which I expect to re port at your next session. I propose to conduct next 3'mr a field experiment with fertilizers differ ent from any that I have made hereto fore. which was suggested to mo by an article in the Maryland Farmer, and which I hone will teach a lesson of wider scope and importance. Hither to my experiments have been confined to one crop. But different crops have different wants. Some crops, too, as similate their food more read s .!}' than others; in others maturity is more rapid, and they must have all the food they need in a short time, while others again are of longer and slower growth, and do not require their food so ra pidly. These are important points, and in order to demonstrate them I propose to take an acre of land of as uniform quality and antecedents as I can find, and lay it oir in ten parallel strips about two hundred feet long and twenty feet wide. Leaving three strips without any fertilizer, for the purpose of comparison, I would apply a differ ent fertilizer in equal quantity to each strip. Across these strips in widths of twenty feet, more or le'ss, as the number of crops to be tested may re quire, I would plant ten different crop* in ten different conditions of fertilizer. Say, 1. un manured ; 2,3 and I small grain ; 5 unmanured, 6 corn, 7 cotton, 8 potatoes. 9 turnips, 10 un manured. This will show the diversity in the wants of the various crops, and what is best for each. I hope, by arrange ment with the faculty of the branch Agricultural Colleges, to have precise ly similar experiments mafic in their various localities ; and if I could per suade some enterprising farmer in each of a number of counties in the State to make the same experiment, the results from the various soils, cli mates, rainfall, etc., when tabulated, would convey’ an aggregate amount of information, the value of which would Vic immeasurably greater than the ox pense it would entail. Again, let me beg you to devise some plan of co operative experiment, and to make provision for carrying it into elfect. You will, I am sure, excuse me when 1 tell you, with deep earnestness, that 1 Jo not know of any wav in which you could more efficiently advance the cause of progressive agriculture. I am not wedded to any plan of expert ment of my own. Let your wmlom and experience propose the experi inents to bo made; take measure to have them carried out, and, for one, I promise you that I will follow your plan earnestly, implicitly, cheerfully. It is your peculiar province to sug gest. It will give me sincere pleasure to cooperate with you to the limited extent of my power. My friend, Judge T. G. Ilolt, introduced a series of ex cellent resolutions covering tins sub ject at your session in Milledgeville in 1877, on which no action has ever been taken. W ere you to revive those resolutions now, 1 think you would lind they would fully accomplish the purpose that I have indicated. I hope to be able this year to com plete the arrangement of the neccs sary appliances to enable me to test the value of the new process of pre serving corn fodder, and, indeed, all sorts of green forage, known as ensi hige. But. in the hope that others may possibly be induced to try it, 1 will give you briefly some descriptive details of the process, which I have learned from those who have success fully tried it. In the first place, as to the pit or silo. Its dimensions as to length should, of course, be regulated by the For sixty tons of fodder corn—the pfodrK'G, say, of two acres, though as much as sixty seven tons per acre are raised at the North'— a nit twelve feet long, twelve,feet wide and twenty feet deep would be sufficient. To guard against the leakage of water into the pit, the walls ami floor should be well cemented with hydraulic weicrnt, such as-our old friend, Captain Waring, manufactures near Kingston, and which I can recommend from experi ence as fully equal to the best Kosen dale cement. l'L ANTING THE l oIMUCH COi;N. The corn should be planted in drills three inches wide and three feet apa;t. at the rate of from two to two an 1 one half bushels per acre. When the stalks tassel they are* fit to cut. Citilinq the Cora. —'Flic corn when ready should be cut at once, and taken immediately to the edge of the pit, where, with proper cutting machines, the green stalks and leaves are cut as rapidly as possible into lengths of one half to ail inch. Someihink that care must taken that the Stiv ves are al ways as sharp as possible, so that the ireen. juicy stalks should not (be wuised. as where l imy are bruise I the juice is expelled, and, to that extent, air takes its pinoo in the cells of the plant. Others, among them Dr. Bailey, think that this i* unnecessary. Fillina the Pits. —The cutting ma chines should he so arranged as to de li ver the green stuff into the pits. As t goes in, it should not. be trod len, but delivered evenly into the pits, by changing the direction of the cutting machines. When the pit is full, level with the ground, a wooden box is placed like a fence around the pit. This box is in height three-fourths the depth of the pit; for t his is the ex tent to which the ensilage is calcula ted to sink from compression. When the pit and this box a>e full, then the whole mass is covered with a stoyt wooden cover, made in sections. On the proper construction of these cov ers much of the success of the opera ion depends. They should be made | of two inch p’ank, tongued and groov ' cd and firmly battened together, four feet wi !e and one inch less in length I than the width of the pit. When the I covers are put on they shoul 1 be ! weighted evenly and carefully. Even ! and continuous compression so as to I exclude the air and atmospheric mois ture, being essential. Barrels or sacks filled with sand may be used for the pu pose. Soon after the weights are put on. the ruass will gradually sink until if reaches the level of the ground. This will be accomplished in ten da>s, and in fourteen days the ensilage will ho ready for use. The reason why the covers should he made in sections is. that, when a section is taken off, it, only exposes a surface r our feet wide and twenty feet • h ep. This is then cut down from top to bottom. All the rest is still cover ed, and its weight and compression are undisturbed, the air being exclu ded and the tendency to fermentation prevented. The ensilage ma}' be fed at onee, but experienced men are of the opinion that it is better to leave it exposed for twenty-four hours until some slight fermentation takes place, which improves its quality and .Bakes it more palatable to stock. One bush el of this ensilage, divided into two feeds, mixed with two quarts of wheat bran or middlings, is said to be suffici ent to keep each animal in good con dition. The cost of making a silo of the size I have mentioned, together with the covers, shed, etc., ought not to exceed $75. The feed-cutter costs about SSO, and it can be run bv the horse or steam power used to run the cotton gin. The cost, of preparing the ground, seeding, harvesting, cutting up and packing away in the pits, de pends necessarily on the extent of the operation. Mr. Mil!?, of Arrareck Farm, New Jersey, to whose publication I am in debted for most of the details I have given you, keeps one hundred and twenty head of cattle and twelve horses—one hundred and thirty two head in all. They are fed from the loth of October to the loth af May with this ensilage, and wheat bran and middlings in the quantity per head I have mentioned. He calculates that, were lie dependent on hav to feed his stock, it would cost him SBOO. Feed ing with ensilage, the expense was $682.00. or $5 25 per head, and the area used to raise all this food was only thirteen acres. The advocates of this process are very enthusia'-tic in its praise. Wheth er its advantages :ve as great as lliev represent, I do not venture to say. The matter, however, is one worthy of attention. Professor Meßrydve, of the University of Tennessee, who has experimented largely with ensilage, and strongly rec unmends it, estimates its cost at $1.50 per ton, or cents per hundred, his estimate including the cost of fertilizers, interest on the land, etc. I)r. Bailey, of Massachusetts, who has written an interesting litt’e book on ensilage, and who is now in At lanta constructing ensilage pits on the grounds of the Colton Exposition, tells me that, in his opinion, it makes little or no difference whetli *r the silo no deep or shallow—that a close, stout box plated over a shadow pit—say two or three feet deep—will answer all the purposes, lie tells me further that ensilage is the ver}* best way of preserving pea vines, cut when most succulent, before the pods begin to In view of the gloomy prospect of our crops, and the high price of pro visions, let me, in conclusion, urge you, gentlemen, to preach to your friends and neighbors the importance of planting as largely as possible oats, barley, rye. turnips, etc., this fab, and give emphasis to your precept by showing the example. The crop news from every direction is disastrous. Our own observation of the crops in the fertile valley of the Etowah on our way to this city tells us what tve may expect. Do not flatter yourselves with tl;e fallacious hope that the fall ing off in the cotton crop will improve the price. The speculators will reap all the benefit of the probable rise in Hie mice of cotton. The farmers—l mean t he' mass of Utf fatgiors—will get no advantage from it, because they are in debt and under bonds to tie liver Lh* ir cotton to the merchants as fast as they can prepare it for market, and I hey who hold the money, and who lit up “gprr.ers” and other similar devices, will se<f to it,, he assured, that, the improvement in the price shall not take place, indeed it take place at all, until thy balk of the crop shad have passed out of the hands of the farmers. I thank \< h. gentlemen, for your Because it al ls to Personal Beauty by rescuing color and Ins're to gray • fiub*d lour, and is Leilefteial to the scalp, is why Parker's Hair Balsam i< such a popular dressing. The 1 calling Scientists eftoslay agree that most diseases are caused by disordered Kidneys or Liver. If, there fore, the Kidneys and Liver are kept in perfect order, perfect health will he the re sult. This truth has only been known a short time and for years people suffered great agony without being able to find re lief. The discovery of Warner's Safe Kid ney and Liver Cure marks anew era in the treatment of these troubles. Made from a simple tropical leaf of rare value, it con tains just the elements necessary to nour ish and invigorate both of these great or gans, and safely restore and keep them in order. It is a fi'OSl'l'lVSil Eteiiush for all the diseases that cause pains in the lower part of the body—for Torpid Liver Headaches—Jaundice— ! )izziness—Cra ve!—Fever. Ague—Malarial Fever, and all difficulties of the Kidneys, Liver and Urinary Organs. It is an excellent and safe remedy for females during Pregnancy 1 1 will control Menstruation and is invaluable forLeucor rhoca or Falling of the Womb. Asa Blood Purifier it is unequaled, for it cures the organs that met hr the blood. This I’emedj". which lias done such won ders. is put up in the LARGEST SIZED BOTTLE of any medicine upon the mar ket. and is sold by Druggists and all deal ers at per bottle. For Diabetes, enquire for WARNER’S SAFE DIA BETES CURE. It is a POSITIVE Rem edy. H. H. WARNER & CO., Rochester. N. Y. ov \Y vaAcWs, YYocVls, Jewe!ry and &i 1 venvare, CALL ON THE “Old Reliable.” The largest and best assorted stock in the city'. Headquarters for Guns and Pistols: ALL KINDS OF Aimnunliiaa and Haste 1 Sallies Always on Hand. ALL KINDS OF Repairing' done promptly and neatly. MY GOODS WERE BOUGHT FOR 'V' Wvf, C-xSW \ and F will sell cheap. Give me a call, and look at m3' stock. W. A. TALMADGE, I.f.EG E A V a-iXi Athens, - Georgia. October 2Sth. PARKER’S Elegantly Perfumed, HAiR BALSAM. • ics, &c , who .-.re tired invigorated and cured If you are wasting away with Consumption, Age, or any Weakness, you will find this Tonic the Hest Medicine Yon Can Use for Restoring Health & Strength, rar superior to Bitters and other Tonics, as it builds up the system but never intoxicates. 50c. and $1 sizes. None genuine without signature of Hiscox & Cos., N. Y. Large saving in buying dollar size, Floreston , A , New, Fashionable and Exreed- P-. 1 -v Ingly Fragrant Py-Bim*. Sold by \-/01 Og; II 0, Dialers in Perfume 1 at 25 and 75 els. HOME MANUFACTURE! SHOES! HARNESS! LEATHER! E are now making the very best t quality of the above articles right here at home, and they are for sale. We do not expect to sell them merely because they are home manufacture, but because of tueir excellent quality and low price. We are making regular HN.GW', WVXUVftSS'. of the very best material and workman si, ip. and offering them for 25 per cent, less than the usual price. Our BROGANS cannot be beaten in excellence, or cheapness for the quality. These sell only by the case. Bridles, Col lars and Harness, double or single, always on hand, or made to order. We have the most experienced workmen. All we ask is a trial. ATKINS, CARR & CO. Maysville, Ga., June 17th, 1831. rtßOWffg BROWN’S IRON BITTERS are a certain cure for all diseases requiring a complete tonic; espe cially Indigestion, Dyspepsia, Inter mittent Fevers, Want of Appetite, Loss of Strength, Lack of Energy, etc. Enriches the blood, strength ens the muscles, 2nd gives new life to the nerves.* Acts like a charm on the digestive organs, removing all dyspeptic symptoms, such as tasting the food, Belching, Heat in the Stomach, Heartburn, etc. The only Iron Preparation that will not blacken the teeth or give headache. Sold by all Drug gists at SI.OO a bottle. BROWN CHEMICAL CO. * Baltimore, Md. Sec that nil Iron Bitters nre made by Brown CiiftMiCAli Cos. and have crossed red lines and trade mark on wrapper BEWARE OF IMITATIONS. ! SAf r.3 FOB RAILROAD IitSEI OFFISES' fOR RAILROAD AND EXPRESS COMPANIES. ! IST '.MATES AND ORAWiNGS FURNISHED POUND CORNER •, ! F ; I P R OO F EXT BAf"SECURE LOG KSS'~' * GENERAL AGENT FOR 05ESOLD SAFEfLOCK CQ HORSE and Cattle Powders. OF ALL the powders thjat arc in the market, none stand the test of trial better than JACOBS'. They have a very EXTENSIVE SALE, and their great reputation is due more to real merit than to any puffing in the news papers, as they have not been indiscrimi nately advertised, but have grown into favor by actual use. This Powder is carefully prepared from the best materials, and is warranted to give satisfaction in every instance. It gives Horses an appetite, and causes them to digest and appropriate their food. It is a sure preventive and cure for LUNG FEVER, Colic, Yellow Water, Distemper, Etc. Many Horses have an appetite and cat heartily but do not gain flesh, the skin is tight and the hair rough and dead. In such cases will give a soft, healthy look to the hair, the skin wilMiccome loose and the Ilorse improve rapidly. By the use of this POWDER the quan tity of Milk and Cream will be increased ten per cent, in Cattle. Directions for Use. —For Spring Fe ver from two to four tablespoonfuls a day, for all other diseases a tablespoonful three times a day. Large Packages, price 25 Cents. FOR SALE BY Dr. J. B. Pendergrass, Jeffers n, (la. l)r. L. G. Hardman, Harmony Grove, Ga. Dr. C. L. Harden, Ilarmo- y Grove, Ga. I. A. Madden, Maysville, Ga. nov IS Adm inistrator 9 s Sale. A GREEABLE to an order of the Court xjL of Ordinary of Jackson county, Ga., obtained at the August term, 1881, ! will sell, at public out-cr3 r , to the highest bid der, before the Court House floor in Jef ferson, <-a., on the Ist Tuesday in Decem ber next, within the legal hours of sale, the following property, to-wit: A tract or parcel of land lying in said county and known as the place whereon Thomas Dal ton resided at the time of his death, con taining sixty-five acres, more or less; twenty-five acres in the woods, the remai der of it in cultivation and eight acres of it in bottom land. There is a good dwell ing and out-buildings on the place. All situated on the Jefferson and Lawrence ville road and adjoining lands of -James B. Lyle, George Moon and others. Sold as the property of Thomas Dalton, deceased, for the purpose of paying debts of said deceased and for distribution. Terms cash. J. L. WILLIAMSON, Adin’r of Thomas Dalton, dcc'd. Professionnf dank jy; R. ii. a I >alij, Dentist, June 10—*S1. Gatnesvillk, Ga. OIIN J. STRICKLAND, A TTO It N EY-A T-1 > A \V, DaNIELSVILLK, GA., \Vill promptly attend to all business en trusted to him. dec 17, ’BO. Dll. X. I! CASH. Nicholson. (5a., Tenders his professional services to the surrounding country. Rheumatism, Neu ralgia and the diseases of women a speci alty. Feb. 13th. 1880. ly O W AllD THOMPSON, Attorney-at-La tv. Gainesville. Ga. Prompt and faithful attention given to all business placed in his hands. WILEY C. HOWARD, A TTORN EY-AT-LA W. Jefferson. Ga.. Will attend faithfully to all business en trusted to his care. inch 4, SILMAN & THOMPSON, Attorneys- at- I-aw, Jefferson. Ga.. Will practice in Jackson and adjoining counties. CHARLES STEIRN &> CO-, THE CLOTHIERS, JB 3 O-EORO-IA. FIRE PROOF MESSENGER BOXES V. W. SKIFF, The Jeweler, Keeps a well selected stock of \\ C\oc\^,^cYvyc\.vv^ Gold, Silyer and Seleloid Spectacles and Eye-Glasses, TIIE BEST Silver and Silver-Plated fare. And he is receiving week I}', Ne w Goods OF THE Latest Designs. Drop in and look at SKIFF, the Jeweler, when in Athens, and have your Watch repaired and Jewelry mended. Athens, Ga., Nov. 4th. /"2J.EORGIA, Jackson County. M hcreas, Julia Ann Porter, Executrix of Win. Porter, late of said county, dec’d, applies for leave to sell a portion of the land belonging to the estate of said dcc’d— This is to cite all concerned, kindred and creditors, to show cause, if any, on the first Monday in December, 1881, at the regular term of the Court of Ordinary of said county, why said leave should not be granted the applicants. Given under my otficial signature, No vember 3d, ISS2. If. W. BELL, Ord'y. Jackson County. Whereas, J. C. Wheeler, Administra tor de bonis non, with will annexed, of Daniel Wheeler, deceased, represents to this Court, by his petition duly filed, that he has fully and completely administered said deceased’s estate, and is entitled to a discharge from said administration— This is to cite all concerned, kindred and creditors, to show cause, if any they can, on the lirst Monday in December. ISBI, at the regular term of the Court of Ordinary of said county, why Letters of Dismission should not be granted the ap plicant from said trust. Given under my' official signature, this August 31st, 1881. li. W. BELL, Ord’y. Can be supplied with Hie finest Cooking Stoves ever brought to the market of Northeast Georgia. With our excellent Cook Stoves, ive give everythinn that is WANTED in the Kitchen for all cooking purposes, and guar antee in every cook stove to give satisfaction. If you want something that is good end will be cer tain to give you satisfaction, APPLY To W. 11. JONES, Sup’f, tlae “ Red Store,” OPPOSITE COHEN’S. Athens, Ga.. Sept. lGth. 1881. One Thousand People Wanted! | TO BUY THOSE CHEAP GOODS AT PARKER & CAMP BROS. M e are receiving daily, a large and well selected assortment of FANCY AND FAMILY GROCERIES, Canned G-oods, Sugars, Coffees, Teas, Syrup, and the Best Mackerel IJNT THE CITY’. WE CALL SPECIAL ATTENTION TO OUR STOCK OF SooU, WavY'.a, V)vv\ CHootXs, Cvutws r^oV>ivec.os. We have bovgiit in large quantities, and can offer Great Inducements TO THOSE PURCHASING BAGGING ANI) TIES. REMEMBER, WE SELL ONLY AT ROCK BOTTOM PRICES! Highest Marhet Price Paid for Cotton. Call and See That We Mean What We Say! PARKER <s* CAMP BROS., Feb. 2.1 No. 12 Broad Street, Athens, Ga. J. N. MONTGOMERY, (Broad Street, next door to Col. Dobbs, Athens, Ga.) DEALER LIST LOUIS COOK’S BUGGIES, Carriages c So Harness, Which I warrant equal to any sold in this market at same prices. THE OLD HICKORY WAGON—warranted as good as the best. THE FARQUHAR ENGlNE—noted for power and durability’. THE FARQCHAR SEPARATOR—nothing better nor cheaper in market. THE ATLAS ENGINE—one of the most popular and cheapest on the market. The well-known ECLIPSE ENGINE, and the BOOKWALTER ENGINE, 04 Horse Power, for $355. The well-known BROWN COTTON GIN, CONDENSER and FEEDER. Cheapest Gin on the market. Also, the celebrated HALL GIN: nothing finer. COTTON PRESSES. PORT ABLE CORN. WHEAT andSAW MILLS, SORGHUM MILLS. EVAPORATORS, SHINGLE MACHINES. The well-known OLIVER CHILLED TURN PLOW, SULKY and GANG PLOWS. Improved HARROWS, GRAIN DRILLS, REAP ERS. MOW ERS. and other improved agricultural implements. Also, several hrauds of FERTILIZERS. ENGINES and other articles kept on hand. -i.v J. N. MONTGOMERY. CL ID- nVFIKIE., ATHENS, ------- GEORGIA. AGENT FOB. T. T_ HAVDOCK’S Cincinnati Buggies & Carriages, The Columbus Buggy Co’s Fine Buggies mid Carriages, THE CELEBRATED Milburn One and Two-llorse FARM WAGON. ®@f”A good assortment of Harness. Also Manufacturers’Agents for the WIN SHIP COTTON GIN. Cotton Press. Condenser and Feeder, the best gin outfit on the market. Steam Engines, Saw Mills and Agricultural Implements. Prompt at tention paid to orders. Terms liberal. Office and Ware-Rooms, comer Clayton and Thomas Streets, Athens, Ga. J üb-aa JOHN WINN, Salesman. T\Tew Opening 1 ! WATCHMAKER AND JEWELER, ATHENS, . . . GEORGIA. CHARLES A. SCUDDER, DEALER HIST WATCHES, CLOCKS, JEWELRY mid SILVERWARE. ALL kinds of Repairing done by the latest improved methods. Gold Plating and Engraving. All jobs and orders sent bv mail or Express promptly attended to. BRUMBY’S DRUG STORE, College Avenue, Athens, Ga. sep 30