Newspaper Page Text
By Holder & Williamson
THESE GOOD NEW TIMES
In a recent issue of this paper
Mrs. Emma Hancock Bush told
about attending school in the old
Martin Institute building, which
stood on the ground now occupied by
the home of Mr. E. E. Martin. The
writer attended school in this same
building, and heard those lectures of
Prof. John W. Glenn, one of the
most learned men who ever taught
in any school room. His versatality
was really a marvel. He knew more
things and knew them better, it
seemed to the writer, than any man
he ever knew. He was a master
mathametician, could read Latin,
Greek, and some of the modern lan
guages as fluently as he could Eng
lish. Reared in Jackson county, and
after graduating from a Georgia
college he Veturned to his native
county, Jackson, and became the
principal of Martin Institute, which
position he held for fourteen suc
cessive years. After leaving Jef
ferson, for a number of years he
taught in a college in Knoxville,
Tenn. Again he was called back to
Jefferson to become the head of
this historic institution of learning,
and remained here for two or three
years. No school will ever have as
its head a greater scholar and a
more perfect specimen of mental and
moral manhood than John W. Glenn.
While Professor Glenn was at the
head of the school here, associated
with him as a member of the faculty
Was Professor S. P. Orr, whose sister
married Professor Glenn. Professor
Orr was reared in Jackson, and the
school known as Orr’s School, locat
ed on a portion of the old Orr home
stead, was named in honor of Profes
sor Orr, who also was principal of
Martin Institute for several years
while Professor Glenn was in Knox
ville, Tenn. During the administra
tion of Professor Glenn, Martin In
stitute was the only high school in
this part of Georgia, and young men
and women were attracted here
from several counties. The first day
it was the writer’s privilege to at
tend Martin Institute, he met stu
dents from more than a half dozen
counties, one of which was the coun
ty of Richmond. A young man from
that county named Thomas' Cum
mings was a student in this school.
Jackson, Oglethope, Banks, Franklin,
Madison and other counties were
represented at that time by pupils
in Martin Institute.
The writer was in Jefferson the
night the old building burned to- the
ground. Unity Lodge, No. 36, F.
& A. Masons, occupied the up
stairs over two of the school rooms.
It took only a few minutes for the
building to be completely consumed.
When the writer perused the com
munication from Mrs. Bush and her
description of the old building, he
could not fail to meditate on the
improvement of school buildings and
the multiplied conveniences of those
who are seeking an education today,
in comparison with those years of
the past. Martin Institute’s old
building was a wooden structure of
three rooms, heated in winter by two
fire places and one heater, using
Jackson county oak and hickory
wood for fuel. The school desks
were high from the floor, with nar
row and uncomfortable seats. These,
however, were much better than the
benches and desks in Academy, the
first school the writer ever attended.
There was only one big desk on
which all the children would write
their copy, but the benches were so
high that young children’s feet
could not reach the floor. Just think
of the great brick building on the
hill, heated by steam, with comfort
able desks, water, lavatories, and
many other conveniences and com
forts, and compare with the old
structure and no conveniences. Al
so, compare old Academy school
house with the nice comfortable and
beautiful school buildings in the
county.
Progress and improvements in
school are manifest. The City of
Jefferson has made Martin Institute
in-the last few years larger and bet
ter; while the County Board of Edu
cation and the School Superinten
dent of the county, in co-operation
with the people of school districts,
have provided school houses that
inure to the comfort, safety and
health of the children of the county.
These beautiful school houses in this
city and county reflect great credit
The Jackson Herald
on officials, the people and county.
The school buildings and improve
ments in equipment do not tell the
whole story of school progress. In
those days, parents paid tuition.
When a pupil attended Martin In
stitute, his part of the Martin fund
was credited on tuition. That was
the only help given parents on their
childrens education. This Martin
fund was one reason so many high
school students attended this institu
tion. Then some teachers had lit
tle education; now they must have
a diploma to teach in the schools of
city or county, or must have had
long and successful experience.
Children’s parents then bought all
school books; now they are furnish
ed free of charge by the State.
Then pupils walked to school, or
rode in private conveyances; now
school busses bring children from
every direction to school houses, and
walking very far is a lost art with
pupils.
The writer used to walk to school
each day from the old home place,
three and a half miles distant. In
winter he wore boots, and put the
legs of his brown jeans pants in
boot tops until he got to what is
now known as Dickson Branch. If
the boots were muddy he would
wash them, after which he would
pull the pants legs over the boot
tops and then walk on to school.
The writer presumes he is the first
‘hitch hiker” in Jackson county. It
was seldom he ever got a ride to
school in the morning, but occas
sionally he would catch a ride a
part or all the distance in the after
noon, either on the wagon with Un
cle Stephen Roberts as far as his
home, or all the way with Mr. J. F.
Harrison. Then once in a while he
could catch a ride on mule back
with Ned Venable, or Jack Witt,
both colored. Each one had large
and very gentle mule. Just once
in awhile, not often, they would
come to Jefferson, and whenever
they did it seemed to be their pleas
ure to start home just about the
time school closed that day so that
the writer could be invited to “ride
double,” the writer taking the rear
of the saddle on one of these Ba
laams. It always was the delight of
any one, white or colored, to give
the writer “a lift.”
No one seemed more interested in
the writer’s education than Uncle
Stephen Roberts. When the writer
left ,for college he said, “I will miss
you riding with me, but I wish you
well. I never had an opportunity
to get an education, but I am so
glad to see young people go to
school and get an education.” One
thing the writer’s parents cautioned
against, and that was never to ac
cept a ride with a stranger. On Fri
day afternoon the writer delivered
any mail for all those who lived be
tween Jefferson and his daily desti
nation. At that time there was
neither star route nor rural free de
livery to these people. They appro
ciated this little service, and all the
people along the way were the
writer's real friends. At one place
he would frequently stop and rest,
and that was with Uncle Pat and
Aunt Eliza Waddell. They never
failed to have something for the
writer—cake, pie, fried chicken, ap
ples, peaches, or candy, etc., and he
would stop at their home on some
afternoons and engage their friend
ly counsel and conversation, as wall
as enjoy good things to eat.
Among other improvements that
can be mentioned, children now
have brilliant lamps or electricity to
furnish light at night, by which to
learn the next day’s lessons. Or do
the rules now prohibit children from
night study? Any way, in those old
days when the writer walked or
hitch hiked, he studied his lessons at
night by a little brass lamp which
sat on the leaf of the sewing ma
chine. The writer’s sainted mother
sat right in front of the same ma
chine, and when not helping the
writer with his lessons was busy
with her work of making garments
for the family. Never one night
did she retire until after the writer
had learned his lessons and was in
the bed. After this, she would ex
tinguish the light of the little brass
lamp, and enjoy sleep. These pres
ent days are good days, and these
times are propitious times, but no
one was ever happier than the writ-
SINGLE COPY 5c
JEFFERSON, Jackson County, Georgia.
Search For Oil in Georgia
Resumed
Drillers brought from Texas by
the American Oil Company began
Saturday to sink a well near Offer
man, Ga., Wayne County, in quest
for petroleum neath the mart and
limestone of South Georgia.
The State Department of Mines
arid Mining reports approximately
2,000,000 acres in South Georgia un
der oil lease to Pan-American and
other oil companies.
Assistant State Geologist Richard
W. Smith said today no oil has thus
far been found in commercial quan
tities in Georgia, but added topogra
phical conditions in the Coastal
Plains area of South Georgia indi
cate rock formations favorable to
collection of oil.
He said he believed a well in that
area would have to be drilled at least
5,1)00 feet before operators could
hope to find oil.
The Offerman test well is to be
known as Adams-McCaskill No. 1.
Should this well prove fruitless,
Smith said the oil company plans
other test borings in the immediate
territory.
The earliest test well to be drilled
in Georgia was sunk near Louisville,
Jefferson county, in 1905, by Capt.
A. F. Lucas. Drilling was abandon
ed at 1,143 feet when crystalline
rocks were encountered.
About the same time a similar well
was drilled near Doctortown, Wayne
county, and carried to 1,901 feet.
Some gas was reported below 500
feet but no quantity of either oil or
gas, Smith said.
Other drillings were made in sub
sequent years near Hazelhurst, Fitz
gerald, Rome, Madison, Sandersville,
Savannah, Augusta and other places
without success.
The deepest well was drilled in
1923 by the Dixie Oil Company of
Louisiana, near Mcßea. The bor
ing was carried to 3,384 feet before
being abandoned. Traces of oil were
found but not in quantities to per
mit commercial production, Smith
related.
The business men of Savannah
financed a well at Pooler several
years ago without results.
Most recent attempt to find oil in
Georgia was a well drilled near
Graymont in 1932 by the Georgia
Oil Company. This was abandoned
in clay and shale beds at a depth of
2,332 feet.
Georgian Old-Age Funds
Ready
Payments exceeding $400,000 will
go to Georgia old-aged persons,
blind and dependent children, it was
announced Friday by Lamar Mur
daugh, director of the Georgia Wel
fare Department, following an
nouncement in Washington that fed
eral grant of $173,073.99 had been
made to Georgia for that purpose.
Of the $218,846.67 in federal
funds, $173,260 will be paid old
aged, $6,930 to blind and $38,666.67
to dependent children.
Exact amount of the payments,
including the amounts from state
funds, cannot be ascertained until
cost of administering the payment of
the money is known, Mr. Murdaugh
explained.
er during those years of Auld Lang
Syne.
tt t t
Back to Martin Institute for just
a suggestion. Mr. W. H. Smith, one
of Jefferson’s most thoughtful and
progressive citizens, voiced the writ
er’s sentiment a few days ago when
he said, “One thing needed on the
wall of Martin Institute Auditorium,
is a picture of William D. Martin,
for whom Martin Institute is named.
I am trying to get one. Then the
next thing we need is a William D.
Martin Memorial Day. I think May
the Bth, the day the month on which
he signed his will giving the bulk of
his property to Jefferson institutions,
might be the proper date. William
D. Martin did more for Jefferson
than any man, and this town should
honor his memory and decorate his
grave with flowers. Let the day be
a half holiday, and let the school
and entire town join in the memorial
exercfses. What Dr. Crawford W.
Long did, was world wide. What
William D. Martin did, was for Jef
ferson and Jackson County. His
name deserves, every honor that
can be bestowed upon it.” Jefferson
should dedicate a day in which to
pay honor to this, our great bene
factor.
COUNTY AGENT’S
COLUMN
On farms with too little storage
space for dry roughage, many tons
of high quality silage feed can be
stored in trench silos. Georgia farm
ers are using this method of storing
silage more and more. 118 trench
silos were dug and filled in the state
last year.
The trench silo is easy to dig,
easy to feed from, and it is the
best method available to the average
Georgia farmer for storing winter
livestock feed. A siluge crop can
be saved perfectly, regardless of
the weather at cutting time, while a
hay crop may be lost by continual
rainy weather. Then, too, even
when hay is cured successfully, much
of the green color and other es
sential parts of the plant are lost in
the stack. This loss through leach
ing does not occur in a trench silo.
Farmers With livestock would do
well to plan now what crops to grow
to supply feed next winter when
there is no pasture. Any good va
riety of sorghum which is adapted
to local conditions is recommended
for silage, and may be put up in
‘he trench silo.
Sorghum may be planted after a
winter legume, and will produce a
good yield per acre if there is plenty
of plant food in the soil. The
trench silo may be dug any time
before the crop is ready to harvest.
It is suggested that farmers visit
the County Agen’ts office for infor
mation on digging and filling the
silo.
The best all-round fertilizer for
cotton is one that is equivalent to
from 400 to 600 pounds of 8-4-6
plus a side dressing of nitrogen.
This amount would vary under
actual conditions, but that generally
it will meet the needs of the cotton
crop. This will supply 32 to 48
pounds of phosphoric acid, 36
pounds of nitrogen, and 24 to 36
pounds of potash per acre.
There are a few soils in Georgia
that do not need this much nitro
gen per acre. Some of the bottom
land soils grow a large weed and
keep a deep green color throughout
the season, and these do not require
so much nitrogen.
Another variation that should be
practiced is the application of phos
phate on newly cleared land. If
such land has not had phosphate
applied for a number of years, more
should be applied when the land is
planted in cotton. Also, more phos
phoric acid may be applied to soils
that have a tendency to grow a
large weed, and those that have an
abundant supply of moisture.
The amount of potash to be ap
plied per acre may be decreased to
24 pounds per acre on some of the
heavier soils. On some of the sand
ier soils it will pay to use more than
36 pounds per acre.
These practices have been tested
at the experiment stations in the
state for the past 18 years, and the
results have proved them profitable.
Thousands of farmers all over the
state are applying them in planting
their cotton crop this year.
The spot price of 8.1 cents per
pound for cotton sold in February,
1938, was exactly half the parity
price of 16.2 cents per pound, Frank
C. Ward, administrative officer in
charge of the agricultural adjust
ment administration program in
Georgia, said this week.
In other words, a bale of cotton
would buy only half the amount of
goods this year that it would in
the years from 1909 to 1914. Last
year, a bale of cotton would buy
approximately % the amount of
goods a bale bought in 1909-1914.
The huge cotton crop of 1937 quick
ly reduced the things a bale of cot
ton would buy to the present level.
Ward said that parity cotton pay
ments of 3 cents per pound, which
co-operating farmers are yet to re
ceive for their 1937 cotton crop,
will narrow the spread between the
actual price they received and the
16.2 cent price which they should
have received.
“The 1938 Agricultural Adjust
ment Act,” Ward said, “continues
the provisions for parity payments
to narrow that gap between the
amount of goods that a man should
be able to buy with the proceeds
from a bale of cotton and the
amount of goods he can buy with it.
That provision, however, de
pends on the funds to be provided
by congress. Whether this money
will be provided through processing
taxes on manufactured cotton goods
Thursday, April 7, 1938.
American Legionaries
to Meet in Canton
Splendid speakers have been ob
tained for the American Ix>gion
Ninth District Convention to be held
May 4, in Canton.
Among them are Judge Alex Muc-
Donald, judge of the City Court of
Savannah, who will deliver the
principal address at the afternoon
session of the convention.
High Legion officials will attend
the convention, including State Com
mander J. P. Kelly, Adjutant Stan
ley Jones, John M. Slaton, Jr., mana
ger of the Veterans Administration,
Logan Kelly, area Commander for
the Seventh and Ninth Districts,
Congressman B. F. Whelchel, and
others.
Plans are being made for a parade
in the morning in which floats will
mingle with marching men doing
their brave best to keep the step as
they djd in 1918.
There will be a number of enter
tainment features, including drums
and bugles and bands, and a bar
becue at noon at the Legion Head
quarters at the fairgrounds. In the
afternoon in addition to the general
meeting there will be a baseball
game between the Canton team and
the Buford Shoe makers.
Legion officers announced also
that they expect veterans of the
Spanish War to exercise their priv
lege of taking part in the conven
tion.
Service Provided For
Crippled Children
Mrs. W. B. Gunter, director of
the Jackson county department of
public welfare, announces that ap
plications will be taken at the office
of the department for aid to crippled
children. This service, provided for
under federal and state social se
curity laws, includes hospitalization
and follow-up treatment for
children under twenty-one years of
age. It does not include financial re
lief to the families of the children.
To be eligible, a child must be be
tween the ages of birth and twenty
one years, whose bone, joint, or
muscalar function is so restricted as
to limit its possibilities of normal
development physically, socially, and
economically. Preference will be
given to cases that are favorable for
recovery with proper treatment.
No service will be given to fami
lies who are financially able to pro
vide treatment for their children.
Investigations of eligibility will be
conducted by the local Welfare De
partment, and all funds expended
will be for treatment only.
Sunday School Celebration
To Be Held At Walnut
The Annual Sunday School Cele
bration of the Mulberry Association
meets at Walnut Baptist Church,
April 30, 1938.
All Sunday schools in the Mulber
ry Association, also any school out
of the Association, have an invita
tion to attend and bring a program.
Dr. Mell from Athens will be the
special speaker at the eleven o’clock
hour. If you are interested in Sun
day school work, you are cordially
invited to attend, and help us make
this program better than any we
have ever had before.
Hoyt Cash, Pres.
Monnye Faulkner, Sec.
PLANS COMPLETED FOR G. E. A.
SESSIONS
Atlanta, Ga.—More than 7,000
teachers are expected here for the
three-day convention of the Georgia
Education Association which opens
April 14 with a banquet at which
Mrs. Ruth Bryan Rhode, former
minister to Denmark and daughter
of the late William Jennings Bryan,
will be the principal speaker.
Arrangements for taking care of
a record number of delegates are
complete, Ralph L. Ramsey, secre
tary of the association, said.
Citing increased salaries during
the past year and increased interest
in school work, Ramsey urged school
superintendents and boards of edu
cation to “encourage their teachers
to attend.”
or otherwise is being discussed at
present by congressional commit
tees.”
J. W. Jackson, County Agt.
Vol. 62. No. 36.
Jackson County Home
Demonstration New*
(By Eugenia Boone)
Over sixty people from Jackaon
county, most f whom were home
demonstration women, attended the
rural-urban conference held in At
lanta. About five thousand women
from all over the state attended the
meeting. They came in school buss
es, cars, commercial busses, and
trains.
The purpose of the conference
was to try to co-ordinate the work
of all organizations in trying to en
rich farm life for the country wo
men of Georgia. During the con
ference, social and religious develop
ment, health, education, and develop
ing Georgia’s resources were dis
cussed. Judge Camille Kelly, jave
nille court of judge in Memphis,
gave a very interesting and helpful
talk. Many women said they en
joyed her talk as much as any of
the speukers present. She emphasi*-
ed the need of parents understand
ing young boys and girls and help
ing guide them the right way. Two
very interesting plays were givers
during the day, and appropriate
music was rendered.
Mrs. Franklin D. Roosevelt spoke
Tuesday night on “Rural-Urban Co
operation.” She was introduced by 7
Governor Rivers. The entire au
dience felt the charm of her per
sonality, and seemed to absorb every
word of her splendid speech. She
said, “We must learn to understand
each other, learn to work, and to
play together. We don’t want any
groups or nations to sink below the
level. We must climb together, and
we don’t climb any more by stepping
over the prostrate body of our
neighbor.” She stated that it war
new for women from all organis
ations to get together and discuss
their problems; and that in order to
prosper, life must contain more than
just daily bread.
We are proud to be a part of Iht
’first rural-urban meeting ever to be
held in Georgia, and to have the fine ■
delegation from .Jackson county.
The agent wishes to thank the fol
lowing people for furnishing cars:
Mr. William Booth, Miss Alice Ro
quemore, Mr. Ralph Halo, Mr. J. W.
Shields, Mr. J. C. Head, Mr. Hubert
Martin, Mr. Thurmond Grlffeth, Mr.
A. J. Flanigan, and Mr. Murphy.
We also wish to thank the dVi'ver*
for going. ’.
The 4-H clubs in the county ark
beginning to study a “Wild ILrfe
Conservation.” Which club, is going
to do the best piece of ,worfc? That
depends on what each club member
does.
t t t t .v
Health is a very varuablfe-posses
sion, and we want to do everything:
possible to stay healthy. The dis
trict nurse from Gainesville is plan
ning to be here May 11, 12, and
13th, to give typhoid, dyptheria, and'
smallpox innoculations. Any com
munities who are interested, pleas*
see home demonstration agent.
PROGRAM OF BAPTIST CHURCH;
SERVICES, SUNDAY EVENING,
APRIL 10
The Baptist Church Choir wilt
present a program at the church
Sunday evening, April tenth, at
o’clock. An offering will be taken.
Every one is cordially invited.
The program follows:
Doxology.
Prayer.
f “Day is Dying in the West,*"
Choir.
Violir> Selection, Miss Head, Ver
non Carter.
Anthem, Choir.
Reading, Miss Joyce Storey.
Quartette, Make Me a Blessing,.
Miss Lassiter, Mrs. Lord, Dr. Lord,.
Clifton Barnett.
Offertory, Miss Mabeth Storey.
Anthem, Choir.
Violin Selection, Miss Head, Ver
non Carter.
Solo, J Will Lift up Mine Eyes,
Miss Lassiter.
Hymn, An Evening Prayer, Choir.
Benediction.
Miss Miriam Bennett, Pianist.
Athens’ new radio broadcasting
station, WGAU, will go on the air
around the 10th or 12th of this
month, according to A. Lynne Bros
nen, general manager, who stated
that finishing touches are now being
applied to the studio building on the
old Bobbin Mill road, and that pre
parations for the opening are rapid
ly taking shape.