Newspaper Page Text
THURSDAY, APRIL 25, 1940.
HON. J. A. FARLEY’S SPEECH
It affords me a great deal of
pleasure to visit your distinguished
State again. Your gracious hospi
tality and your heart-warming
friendship always make me feel
perfectly at home among you. I
am sure that such cordiality to the
visitor within your gates springs
from your love and pride for your
State, it3 history, its traditions, and
the famous wonders of benevolent l
nature. Your beautiful Nacoochee
Valley, described so interestingly in
Indian folklore, the mountain peaks,
not many miles from where I am
standing, your majestic Stone Moun
tain, the largest exposed mass of
granite in the world, your inter
healing waters, are included in your
nationally-known Springs, with their
many endowments of Mother Na
ture.
In the affairs of the nation, Geor
gia has always assumed and main
tianed a commanding position in the
Sisterhood of States. I am remind
ed that you were one of the original
thirteen colonies, budding into state
hood with an area larger than that
of any state east of the Mississippi
River, a veritable empire in itself.
Moreover, three of Georgia’s citi
zens were numbered among the
signers of the charter of man’s free
dom, the Declaration of Indepen
dence. Indeed, your renowned states
men and national leaders, in all
walks of life, have occupied pre
eminent places in the building and
development of our republic.
It is both significant and fortunate
that the humanitarian whose work
we are gathered here to commemor
ate should have come from your own
red hills of Georgia. For ever
since James Oglethorpe launched at
Yamacraw Bluff in the New World
a haven for the oppressed of the
Old World, the sons of Georgia have
carried on that tradition of sym
pathy and helpfulness for their fel
low man.
I am most happy, too, that on the
very day when the distinguished
lover of nature, John James Audu
bon, is similarly commemorated in
Saint Francisville, Louisiana, that
the town of Jefferson and the State
of Georgia should acquire this two
cent stamp in the series issued for
Famous Americans. It will remain,
I am certain, an eminent memento
of your State’s greatest benefactor
of humanity: the first man success
fully to use ether anesthesia—Dr.
Crawford Wiliamson Long.
It is a long way back to that
spring day of March 30, 1842, when
the settement of Jefferson was but
a rural community encircled by ex
tensive plantations of King Cotton,
many miles from a railroad. But let
us glance briefly at the first surgi
cal operation to be performed pain
lessly under the kindly influence of
ether.
The patient, James Venable, who
stated that he had delayed having
this operation because he feared the
pain, steps into Dr. Long’s modest
surgery. While a group of students
look on curiously, Venable lies down
on the couch, Dr. Long, using an
either-soaked towel, puts the patient
quietly to sleep. A needle thrust
into his arm brings no reaction. Dr.
Long then takes his surgeon’s knife
and proceeds to operate. The wound
sewed and bandaged, Long removes
the towel and Venable regains con
sciousness. The only way he can be
convinced that an operation has
taken place is by showing him the
tumor removed from his neck.
Today, this procedure seems com
mon place; it is routine. We forget
to marvel at man’s greatest con
quest —his triumph over pain.
Throughout the ages men have tried
to free the operating table from the
curse of torture. Ancient and me
dieval peoples alike sought in vain
for drugs and for all the “drowsy
syrups of the world” to soothe their
physical pain. But it remained for
Doctor Long, as with a magic wand,
to discover the formula and develop
the process that was to drive away
the shadow of pain and bring sur
gery into the daylight of modern
accomplishment.
Because of this quiet country doc
tor from Georgia’s ruddy hills, the
mantle of suffering was removed
from the surgeon’s knife. And men
of all races, creeds, and classes must
be forever united in generous grat
itude to the discoverer of anaesthe
sia.
Dr. Crawford W. Long was born,
as you know, in Danielsville in No
vember, 1815. He studied at Frank
lin College—now the University of
Georgia, where the State motto,
“Wisdom, Justice, Moderation,” must j
have impressed itself deeply upon j
the young man’s mind. From the i
age of five, when Crawford held his j
sister’s almost severed fingers in I
place until help arrived, a career in
medicine was ordained for the boy.
"My profession,” Long said later,
“is to me a ministry from God.”
He studied at Ben Franklin’s Uni
versity of Pennsylvania, then the
best medical school in the country,
and graduated, equipped with unu
sual surgical skill and judgment.
Then came the great decision of his
life.
Here was an alert young doctor,
well trained, personable, ready to
practice his time-hallowed profes
sion. New York, Boston, Philadel
phia, were his for the asking. But
Crawford W. Long, like that great
beloved son of Virginia, Robert E.
Lee, decided to go back to the native
soil of his home state and to pass
his life among his own people. And
here he practiced his art, according
to the ethics of the physician, “with
purity and with holiness.”
Returning to Jefferson, the young
man took up the duties of a country
doctor of the old school. His sensi
tive fingers and friendly manner soon
built a thriving practice, and the
hoofs of his old gray horse, Charley,
beat out a familiar rhythm in the
lives of his neighbors. Crawford
Long was a true Southern gentle
man, homey, genial, with a warm
circle of friends who played whist
and read with him the newest books
of Dickens, Longfellow and Wash
ington Irving.
They often watched the traveling
lecturers on chemistry demonstrat
ing the hilarious effects of laughing
gas on members of their audiences.
Or they would go to one of the fash
ionable “ether parties” which your
grand fathers and grand mothers
probably used to enjoy.
Long had remarked that members
of these parties never seemed to
notice the knocks they got while
under the influence of the laughing
gas or ether. Logically, if ether
relieved the pain of bruises, perhaps
it might relieve other pain as well.
The successful experiment with Ven
able in March, 1842, gave Crawford
Long a practical demonstration that
his theory was right.
Naturally, his discovery provided
Dr. Long with a great sense of ex
ultation—but also a sense of grave
responsibility. The experience was
against all medical teaching and var
ied were the opinions of his col
leagues. Perhaps not all patients
could be put to sleep in this way;
perhaps this anaesthesia was not due
entirely to the ether; perhaps the
effects would wear off too quickly
to permit a major operation. There
were a thousand skeptics. Long had
been educated against rendering a
premature judgment. So he waited
for more opportunities, more pa
tients, before publishing his results.
But Jackson County, 98 years ago,
was small and inaccessible. News
traveled only by word of mouth.
There was no medical society; there
was no hospital—there were but a
few scattered patients and a major
operation was a rarity. So Dr. Long
had all too few chances to test his
method. He was perfectly candid.
There were no secrets about his
work. He sought no patent or finan
cial reward. To help his patients
was of first importance, and to ob
tain recognition for his service to
the field of medicine was secondary.
Whoever said that “Character is
the only exact measure of any one’s
might in the world of action,” would
have labeled Crawford Long a migh
ty individual. A faithful physician,
Long was also an ideal husband,
father, friend, and citizen. He was
the personification of Southern good
manners; quiet, gracious, modest,
with a high reverence for woman
hood. Life to him was something
mellow—to be enjoyed in one’s home
or one’s garden.
Admired by all women for his
charm and striking good looks, and
respected every where among men,
Long never hesitated to assist an old
friend. His daughter admitted,
“There was nothing of which he
was afraid, but he would always
dodge a bee.” I’m not so sure he
always did. Talking, once, with
friends, he used this phrase, “an
aching- void.” One bright fellow
commented, “Doctor, how can that
be? No void can ache.” Whereupon
THE JACKSON HERALD, JEFFERSON, GEORGIA
the good Doctor calmly replied,
“Have you ever had a headache?”
But the evenness of disposition
of this man was remarkable. When
he finally submitted his claim for
recognition, he wrote: “Should the
society say that the claim, though
well-founded, is forfeited by not
being presented earlier, I will cheer
fully respond, “So might it be.”
Such modesty was hardly suited to
win his battle. Yet, never in all the
years of struggling did his disap
pointment turn to hatred. Indeed, he
hesitated to share his sorrow for fear
of making others unhappy. Dr.
Long’s aim was always to make oth
ers well—and happy.
What was the effect, then, of the
unfortunate war between the states
on this true physician whose only
wish was to benefit his fellow be
ings? Long, at first opposed seces
sion; but when Georgia left the Un
ion, he once more went with his
state. Throughout the four years
of the conflict, he contributed freely
of his medical services, behind the
lines as well as on the battle fields.
The trials of economic and military
warfare, he bore without complaint.
One dramatic incident stands out.
When Sherman’s advance menaced
Long’s home, he galloped from the
front to remove his daughter, Fran
ces, out of danger. In a glass jar,
he placed all the documentary evi
dence pertaining to his discovery.
Since its loss would certainly end
whatever hopes he retained, he ad
monished her to tr>.e the greatest
care of the jar during her escape.
“I will die before I surrender it”
—the excited girl exclaimed. While
Long rode back to the lines Frances
hid the precious jar under her num
erous petticoats and sped off to
safety.
After the war, Long went back to
help his people mend the soil of the
shattered South and the bodies of
its despondent citizens. He had the
strength and courage to overcome
his poverty and rebuild his practice
and his position in the community.
Always, he searched for medical
truth. He was one of the first phy
sicians to believe that fresh air and
diet would help tuberculosis. He
was in the forefront of his profes
sion in using quinine, and in treat
ing typhoid. And he died, as he had
lived, at the bedisde of a patient
to whom he had just administered
ether.
Certainly, the world was made
richer for this man’s life. Even had
he not been the discoverer of anaes
sia, Crawford Williamson Long’s in
tense ambition to do good would
stand as a monument to his profes
sion. His unselfish devotion to du
ty—in the face of successive obsta
cles and disappointments—throw a
welcome spotlight on man’s all too
often forgotten humanity to man.
“The mills of the gods grind slowly,
but they grind exceedingly fine” is
a familiar quotation. Today, the
world acknowledges Dr. Long’s bene
faction to mankind. Now, through
this commemorative stamp his fine
face, his distinguished name, and his
great contribution to humanity will
be known to millions more who will
honor and bless him.
“The measure of true greatness,”
said your Dr. Garnett Quillian of
Atlanta, “is determined by what one
does, the spirit in which one does it,
and its usefulness to the world.” Dr.
Long’s work stands alongside that of
Jenner, Lister, and Louis Pasteur.
His spirit of faultless humility re
minds us, perhaps, of that great
Frenchman. Dr. Long’s contribution
in overcoming the tyrany of pain is
of immeasurable value. Surely, I
would not be far wrong in thinking
that his service to humanity deseiwes
its own memorial in the far-flung
heavens of man’s achievement.
This stamp carrying the image of
Dr. Long first issued today, is of the
two-cent denomination and is red in
color. I commend it to you as a
well deserved national tribute to one
of your best-loved and most famous
sons; its color is most appropriate
in symbolizing the “red old hills of
Georgia” which you have so widely
memorialized iri sang and legend.
In conclusion, may I refer again
to the words of Dr. Long, embodying
the noblest concept of duty and res
ponsibility in the heart and mind of
man—words which are chiseled
deeply in the marble base of the
Crawford Long statue in the Capi
tol at Washington for countless
thousands to see and consider—“My
profession is to me a ministry from
God.”
Men who throw cigarettes casual
ly away, sometimes cause disaster.
That’s what happened at Newnan
Federal court last week. A smoker
flipped his cigarette out the window.
But under the window was an awn
ing. The awning caught fire. Be
fore the whole thing was over the
local fire department had to be call
ed to extinguish the blaze.
AGRICULTURAL
TOPICS
(John L. Anderson, County Agent)
Now l The Time To Kill File*
The best way to get rid of flies
is to kill them before they arc
hatched.
The throe kinds of flies that
especially affect the farmer are the
stable fly, the horn fly, and the com
mon house fly. The first two ure
‘biting flies” that cause untold ir
ritation to the livestock. This con
dition, of course, causes much loss
in milk and even in flesh of the
eows, and often contributes to the
summer slump in milk production.
House flies do not bite but are
filthy and contaminate everything
they touch in the home. It is al
most impossible to accurately esti
mate the annual damage caused by
flies to human health.
The effective control of flies be
gins with the first warm days in the
spring. Flies breed in filth so if the
breeding places can be removed
early in the spring, the fight against
flies is more than half won.
The stable fly and the house fly
breed In manure in the barn or lot
or in many cases in piles of rotten
straw, spoiled silage or other ma
terial where moisture and warmth
are present. A little time spent in
a real clean up of such material will
do more good in fly control than all
the sprays, fly traps or poison bait
that can be used later in the sum
mer. Of course, it is necessary to
keep these breeding places cleaned
up all summer.
1940 Contest On Farm Electricity
Georgia 4-H club members will
learn practical uses of electricity on
farm and in the home this year
through a contest designed to ac
quaint boys and girls with electrical
equipment.
The contest is open to both 4-H
boys and girls between the ages of
15 and 21. Contestants must have
completed at least three years of
4-H work including the current year
and must not have enrolled in col
lege previous to the 1940 fall term.
The county winner, boy or girl,
will be awarded a gold medal. In
turn, the county winner will com
pete in a state contest for a free
trip to the National 4-H Club Con
gress in Chicago this fall.
Records for state competition
must reach the state 4-H club office
in Athens by October 15, 1940.
Thi3 contest is sponsored by an
electrical equipment concern in co
operation with the 4-H Department
of the Georgia Agricultural Ex
tension Service.
Releases Lespedeza Circular This
Week
Anew circular, “Lespedeza and
Its Uses”, was released this week
by the Georgia Agricultural Exten
sion Service.
The circular, is designed to aid
farmers in growing lespedeza for
grazing, soil improvement, hay and
seed. The publication covers all
phases of production as well as rec
ommended uses of the plant.
Lespedeza is a popular crqp with
Georgia farmers due to its- many
uses. Farmers over the state last
year planted 289,000 acres and that
194,000 acres came from natural re
seeding of areas in lespedeza the
previous season.
Lespedeza will grow on most of
the types of soil in the state. It is
one of the most important plants in
permanent pasture mixtures and on
good land with sufficient moisture,
it will give good yields of high quali
ty hay.
Under almost any condition it
will make growth large enough for
temporary grazing and soil improve
ment and will produce seed for har
vest. Then, too, if handled proper
ly, it will reseed itself.
Copies of the publication, known
as Cii-cular No. 282, may be secured
from this office upon request.
Georgia Has More .Chickens Than
Ever Before In History
The 8,528,000 chickens now on
Georgia farms is an increase of
nearly 400,000 or 14 percent over
1939. This is the largest number of
poultry ever recorded in the state.
Little increase, however, was
noted for the United States, with
429,022,000 being reported com
pared with the all-time record of
474,997,000 chickens for the nation
in 1928 at any one time.
The hatchery business in the state
has expanded rapidly and the total
incubator capacity has more than
doubled in the past seven years.
Georgia hatcheries now have a ca
pacity of 3,347,000 eggs compared
to less than 1,402,000 eggs in 1934.
Not only has Georgia made real
progress in number of eggs, baby
chicks, and chickens produced but
also in the quality of these products.
There has been definite improve-
ment in standard bred flocks through
the state, with a trend toward small
flocks of good breeding and fewer
large commercial flocks or a thou
sand or more.
Poultry ranks as one of Georgia’s
major agricultural enterprises since
90 percent of all farms in the state
raise chickens. The value of poul
try and eggs produced in the state !
during the past 15 years has ranged
from around nine to 22 million dol
lars each year.
Some Advantage* And Benefit* Of
The One-Variety Plan of Cotton
Production
I. A one-variety cotton communi
ty is a group of growers in a gin
district, or a county, who have or-]
gnnized to improve the qhulity of
their cotton and have agreed to
standardize production by growing
only one superior variety of cotton.
The work in the county is under the
direction of the county agent who
will be assisted by the State One-
Variety Cotton Committee, repre
senting the Extension Service, the
Bureau of Plant Industry of the U.
S. Department of Agriculture, and
the Georgia Experiment Station.
The variety selected, and source of
seed to be approved by the above
committee.
11. The success of the community
will be materially strengthened if
someone person, who is a good
business man, is in position and
willing to give material assistance
in financing, storing, grading and
distributing planting seed. Some
seed should be bought directly from
the breeders each season and placed
with “key” growers in the communi
ty for increase by these key grow
ers who agree to make the increased
seed available to other growers at
a price just sufficient to compensate
them for the expense involved.
111. Advantage* And Benefit*
1. It is the only practical way to
develop and maintain local supplies
of pure planting seed and to make
these seed available from year to
year to all growers in the communi
ty at a reasonable price.
grower should renew his seed stock
every two or three years.
2. Higher yields per acre are ob
tained with the improved variety.
3. It provides the most economical
way to produce a uniform, high
quality cotton in commercial quan
tities, thereby placing growers in
position to bargain for the full pre
mium on the better cotton
4. Mixing of seed at the gin and
crossing of varieties in the fields by
bees and other insects is avoided.
5. Bales will not be plated with
cotton from an inferior variety.
C. Better adjustment of ginning
machinery can be maintained and a
better sample secured.
7. Improved cultural practices,
fertilization, disease and insect con
trol can be more effectively ap
plied.
8. A uniform wage, for picking
can be more easily established and
maintained.
9. Free Government grade and
staple and market news services are
available to growers in organized
one-variety communities.
10. Bales of adopted variety can
be labeled with an identification tag
to keep farmers in neighboring mix
ed variety districts from selling
their inferior cotton as one-variety
community cotton.
11. Pure seed of the improved
varieties is better for oil-milling
purposes and mills are now paying
more for the higher grade uniform
seed.
12. Standardization of cotton
production in one-variety communi
ties promotes co-operative effort in
all lines of agriculture, business and
social development in the communi
ty the mutual advantage of every
grower and citizen in the communi
ty.
Liveatock Scholarship* For College
Freshmen
Twenty-five awards of SIOO each
will be made to 25 Georgia boys who
wish to attend the University of
Georgia, College of Agriculture in
1940-41.
The awards will be made on or
before August 1, 1940. The funds
will be available at the opening of
the Fall Quarter, 1940.
Applications must be filed through
county agent or teacher of vocation
al agriculture, before July 1, 1940,
and mailed to Paul W. Chapman,
Dean, College of Agriculture, Ath
ens, Georgia.
The application must give the
following information:
(1) Personal information.
(2) Summary of livestock work.
(3) Story of livestock projects
and other farm work.
(4) An official transcript of high
school credits.
Any other related information may
be submitted by the applicant, or
by the county agent or vocational
teacher.
Awards will be based upon live
stock and poultry projects and high
PAGE THREE
school scholastic records.
Further information may be ob
tained upon request.
Citizen*’ Military Training Camp
A citizens’ Military Training Camp
will be held at the station in Fori
McClellan, Alabama, from June 12th
to July 11th. More than one month
of the procurement campaign has
gone by and as yet Jackson County
has no representatives and it is tho
desire of both the Corps Area Com
mander and the Camp Area Com
mander that each county fill its
quota. The procurement quota for
Jackson County is 7, which is 33%
above the training quota to allow
for physical rejects, withdrawals,
etc.
Since you know that the world is
in a present turbulent and rhaotic
state this training is of inestimable
value to the youth of our county,
and it is urgently requested that wo
do our utmost to interest the young
men of our county in attending the
camp.
Prospective applicants may write
the Camp Area Commander, Fort
McClellan, Alabama, for application
blanks and further information.
This is valuable training and
benefits will be gained by those at
tending.
STATE'FISHING
SEASON ENDS
UNTIL JUNE 1
The general fishjng. season in
Georgia is closed and will continue
closed until June 1.
Fishing will be allowed only in
private ponds, the power lakes of
north Georgia and in the trout
streams. A vigorous attempt will
be made, according to Director
Charlie Elliott of the Wild Life Di
vision, to rigidly enforce the closed
season.
That Georgians are beginning to
take fishing and conservation more
seriously than ever before is reflect
ed in the sale of resident fishing
licenses.
Early April brought a shower of
license buying that set an all-time
record. During the first eight days
of this month more licenses were
distributed by the Department of
Revenue than were sold last year
during the months of April and May,
it was reported Saturday.
Over 3,200 fishermen paid in ex
cess of $4,000 for fishing privileges
in Georgia from April 1 through
the Bth, according to the Division
of Wild Life. Last year receipts
from sales in April and May totaled
$3,667.50.
HIGHWAY PATROL WILL
HAVE A RADIO STATION
The new short-wave radio station,
W'GSP, of the State Highway Pa
trol, will be ready for operation be
tween April 16 and April 25, Com
missioner Lon Sullivan has announc
ed.
A powerful built 175-foot tower
at patrol headquarters on Confeder
ate avenue is nearing completion.
Power of the station will be 1,000
watts.
The Atlanta station is the first
unit in an extensive radio network
that willl cover the state If the
initial project proves successful, he
said, other stations would be erect
ed in different parts of Georgia.
The cost of the Atlanta station
will be slightly less than $15,000,
Sullivan said. It was estimated that
a network which would cover the
state could be completed for as lit
tle as $50,000.
Patrol cars which cruise within a
radius of not more than 150 miles
of Atlanta will be equipped with
shortwave receivers tuned only to
WGSP (Georgia State Patrol).
The state’s 10 patrol barracks
and nine substations will be able to
receive messages from the Atlanta
station, since they are stationary,
even though the radius is limited
with respect to cars.
The station will be used princi
pally for broadcasting information
concerning wanted persons, escapes,
stolen property descriptions, and for
ordering state patrolmen to points
of emergency.
DR. FORREST NAMED HEAD OF
PRESBYTERY
Dr. R. A. Forrest, of Toccoa,
president of the Toccoa Falls
Institute, was elected moderator of
the Athens Presbytery, which was
in session at the Presbyterian church
in Gainesville.
Dr. Forrest will serve as moder
ator until the fall Presbytery, to bo
held in Toccoa in October. #The
Presbytery is composed of all minis
ters and one delegate from each
Presbyterian church in this district.
Turn idle time into dollars—Ad
vertise.