Newspaper Page Text
ANSWERS
TO INQUIRIES
Cpmmissioner Nesbitt’s Ques
| tion Box For the Month.
VALUABLE INFORMATION GIVEN
A Simple Plan of Ascertaining the Net
Weight of Hogs—Hints to Barn Build
ers— How to Bring Up Worn, Sandy
Land to a Better State of Fertility.
Worms In Freestone Peaches.
Question.—l. I have a piece of worn,
saijdv land, that I wish to bring up to
to i better state of fertility. I have just
sowed it in peas, after manuring it with
ashes and acid phosphate and breaking
it deeply. How shall I proceed further?
2. I have a ten acre piece of ground
with a branch on one side of it. I think
with a ram I could irrigate this laud at
a cost of S2OO or S3OO. I want to raise
truck. Do you think I could do so suc
cessfully?
3. This land will make 1,000 pounds
of seed cotton to the acre. Is it good
enough, to at once commence putting it
k in gjfrden truck?
W 4? Will it do to sow scarlet or crimson
clover behind the cotton pickers in the
fall?
5. What place in Georgia ships the
most garden truck?
Answer.—On your worn, sandy land
just sowed in peas (June 1), the plan
wJI be to cut the pea vines for hay
atfcut Oct. 1, or sooner if ready. Then
thoroughly break the land, applying per
acre about 200 pounds of acid phosphate
and 100 pounds s os cottonseed meal
(there will be enough potash in the soil
if you applied a liberal dressing of ashes
recently), and sow the Crimson Clover,
harrowing it in. Next spring, you
should harvest a good crop of clover
hay, and at the same time your laud
will be much better than at present,
both the peas and the clover having col
lected and added nitrogen to the soil.
Repeat the rotation of peas and clover
again next year, and your laud should
then be in condition to produce fair
crops. You will notice that by this
plan, while building up the land, you
will at the same time be getting remu
nerative crops of pea vine and clover
hay. I would not advise the sowing of
rye with the clover, as it would be of
no benefit.
2. Ido not think it would pay yon to
attempt to irrigate ten acres by the use
of a ram aud tank. I know that you
could not do it at an expense of S2OO or
S3OO, aud I doubt whether you could do
it at all by that system, as it would take
an immense amount of water to irri
gate ten acres in truck. I think if you
could arrange to put the ten acres in
strawberries, aud also to water them if
necssary. it would pay you better than
anything else. We frequently have a
dry May (like the last), when strawber
ries fail for want of water, aud in such
an event, if you con'd water yours, they
would certainly prove profitable.
3. If your land is full of humus you
might at once engage in raising truck,
with the liberal use of fertilizers. If
the land is devoid of humus you had
better put scarlet clover on it this fall,
to be followed by peas next spring.
4. I don’t think it a good plan to sow
scarlet clover behind the cotton pickers,
on land that must be tramped and
packed. The ground, on the contrary,
should be thoroughy prepared and fer
tilized, aud the clover seed harrowed in
about the last of September.
5. Savannah ships more garden truck
than any other place in the state, and
some of the truck growers there have
made a good deal of money in the busi
ness. They have however, the advant
age of low freights by rail or steamship;
aud can put their products in the north
ern markets, much cheaper than you
can. Before • engaging in the truck
business, I would advise you to visit
Chattanooga, where they raise a vast
quantity of strawberries, as well as gar
den truck of various kinds. Examine
well the methods, and the crops culti
vated by the successful men in the busi
ness, and then decide upon vour course.
—State Agricultural Department.
Hav Caps—How They Are Made.
Question. —I save a good deal of hay
each year, but some years it is badly
damaged by rain, would it pay me to
get hay caps, aud how are they madg?
Answer.—There is no question as to
the service rendered by the hay caps in
stormy weather, and they are used by
"*'many good hay makers at the north.
To make them, bly common brown
sheeting 60 inches wide. Cut this into
squares and sew the edges all around
over a stout cord, leaving a loop of the
cord at each corner about 6 inches long,
by which it can be fastened to the
ground. Make your hay cocks some 5
or 6 feet high, aud about 4 feet wide at
the base. Throw the caps over the hay
cocks and pin them at each corner with
a wooden pin driven into the ground.
If a»good coating of boiled linseed oil is
applied to the caps they will last longer
and turn water better. If care is taken
of them they will last for 10 or 15 years.
Hay caps are also made now of paper,
and many prefer them to those made of
cloth. Either kind will answer the pur
pose they are made for, aud to a hay
maker are well worth their cost. —State
Agricultural Department.
Droppings From the Poultry House,
Question. —I have always been in the
habit of keeping the droppings from the
poultry house during the summer
months in boxes or barrels and applying
them the following fall or spring to any
place which I wish to make especially
rich. But I find that they become hard,
and after having applied, it is sometime
before they are thoroughly incorporated
with the soil. Will you, for the benefit
of myself and other poultry raisers, tell
mo of some plan by which I may keep
them in good condition, aud at the same
time render them at once available for
any crop I may plant?
Answer.—Your plan of keeping the
droppings in boxes or barrels is, of
course, preferable to leaving them in
the poultry houses, where they not only
affect the health of the fowls, but fur
nish a breeding place for several forms
of insect life more or less injurious.
Before the droppings are placed in the
barrels, mix them with an equal amount
of dry earth, to which has been added
kaiuit iu the proportions of a peck to
each bushel of earth. Then place in
the barrels and keep damp, not wet,
until needed. The soapsuds from the
family washing are excellent for this
purpose. When the time comes for ap
plying to fall crops the mixture will be
found in fine condition to be immedi
ately taken up by the crops. During
the winter and early spring the best
plan is to broadcast the droppings as
fast as gathered up ami chop or harrow
them into the soil. This will prevent
them from becoming hard, and the neces
sary chemical aud mechanical changes
will at once begin.—State Agricultural
Department.
How to Build u Gootl Hani.
Question. —I intend putting up a nice
barn. Am a young farmer just start
ing out and would be glad if you would
give me a few importaut points to be
looked after in order to secure a comfort
able and convenient barn.
Answer.—The location of your barn
is of the first importance. It is easy to
make additions and add conveniences,
but if the situation is’bad the defect
can never be remedied. Build on a hill
side and you can so arrange as to have
second story on a level with the wagon
way, which is a great convenience in
driving in aud out, aud in unloading
and storing the crops. May also be ar
ranged to have a level drive way, which
adds greatly to the expedition and ease
with which the feeding, the handling of
the manure and other operations may
be carried on. The situation should
also be selected with a view to conven
ience; that is, within easy access from
the fields and also the dwelling, without
being too near the latter. While good
drainage, to prevent dampness or stand
ing water, is importaut, it is equally
importaut to prevent washing. Two
often we see the rich, dark streams from
our barnyards borne off to the nearest
watercourse, to be swept beyond our
reach, when a little care and fore
thought would enable us to preserve
and add these wasted but precious ele
ments to our hard run fields. If possi
ble the barn should be protected from
the cold north winds, although, at the
south, this is not a matter of so much
moment as in the colder regions of
higher latitudes. Having determined
on these main points, examine different
plans aud settle ou that which suits you
best, allowing for amp's room, aud also
having an eye to an at ractive and in
viting appearance, to which a little
whitewash adds a wonderful per cent.—
State Agricultural Department.
Worm-4 Io i'eache*.
Question. —I have four clear-stone
peach trees; they were well fruited. The
fruit should ripen from J uly 1 to 10.
The peaches have all fallen off before
ripening, and every peach has from one
to four worms in it. What are they,
aud how can I prevent them?
Answer.—The insect that has ruined
your peaches is the “Curculio,” which
is a small, brownish beetle, and attacks
indiscriminately all the stone fruits.
This beetle lays its eggs just under the
skin of the peach, and in four to eight
days the egg hatches out a soft, footless
grub with a horny head, which com
mences to eat its way at once to the
center of the peach. It will remain
from three to five weeks in the peach,
when the injured fruit usually falls to
the ground, and the grub then burrows
from 4 to 6 inches iu the earth, where,
after remaining about three weeks, it
becomes a beetle, and issues forth to
again begin its destructive round. As
a rule, the fruit containing this grub
falls to the ground before maturity,
though this is uot always the case. It
requires constant care to get rid of this
pest. They have a habit, when alarmed,
of folding their legs close to the body
and dropping to the ground, there re
maining motionless as though dead.
By taking advantage of this habit many
can be destroyed by giving the tree a
suddeu blow and catching the beetles
in a sheet spread for the purpose, then
burning or mashing them to death. Re
peat this frequently. Where possible
it is also well to let hogs and poultry
have the run of the orchard, as they de
stroy most of the grubs before they bury
themselves in the ground. Spraying is
also recommended, with a very weak
solution of Paris green, say 1 pound to
400 gallons of water, to which add sev
eral gallons of lime water. The foliage
of the peach is very easily injured, and
I would suggest the other remedies as
the surest and least dangerous.—State
Agricultural Department.
Muck For Cotton.
Question, —Would it be a good plan
to open a deep furrow, put muck and
leaves in and cover it with another fur
row, and then in the spring bed on it
and plant cotton? What kind of ferti
lizer shall I use for poor, sandy land
where cotton fires badly?
Answer. —It would not be advisable
to use the muck as you suggest. Fer
mentation of the muck is necessary to
make its ingredients available as plant
' food. To get the best results you must
' compost it with stable manure, which
; would result in a fermentation which
' would bring inert materials into avail
-1 able forms and improve the mechanical
condition of both the muck and the
stable manure. One load of manure to
three loads of muck, of good quality,
will make a compost which some au
thorities contend is as good, load for
load, as manure. Now you can either
use this compost as you would lot man
ure, or if you wish a stronger fertilizer,
add 500 pounds of acid phosphate and
50 pounds of muriate of potash to each
1,450 pounds of the compost.
Your cotton fires no doubt for want of
humus in the soil, aud the humus must
be restored before you can hope to pre
vent the firing of the cotton by the use
of fertilizers. According to the best au
thorities “humus supplies nitrogen to
the plant,” “it imbibes and absorbs and
holds water, and the vapor of water."
"it improves the texture of many soils."
"And it absorbs and holds ammonia and
the salts of ammonia, as well as various
other substances.” “Moreover, by its
slow decay humus supplies carbonic
acid for the dissolving of plant food.”
To replace the humus in your soil you
must plant rye this fall, to be turned
under in tho spring; follow that with a
crop of peas, fertilizing at the same time
with 100 pounds of acid phosphate and
50 pounds of kainit to the acre. Gather
the peas aud let the vines remain upon
the land. The following spring put in
cotton if you wish, and using the above
fertilizer, I am sure you would make a
good cotton crop. After that rotate
your crops in such a manner that you
will not have cotton on the same laud
oftener than once in three years. Plant
more small grain, more field peas, etc.,
and in this way you can keep up the fer
tility of your soil, and make crops that
will be a pleasure and a profit.
Cure For “Lampiis."
Question. —My horse has a swelling
of the bars on the roof of the mouth,
called, I believe “lampas.” Can I cure
it without burning with a hot iron,
which seems to me a needlessly cruel
operation.
Answer.—Never permit the cruel and
brutal practice of burning the roof of
mouth for "lainpos.” This method is
still pursued in some sections, but it is
an evidence of ignorance and cruelty.
This condition is frequently due to
teething in young horses, sometimes in
old horses to indigestion, and it fre
quently occurs when a young horse is
taken from gross and fed on grain.
Generally this swelling will get well
without any treatment, but should the
inflamation be great enough to interfere
with mastication, then lance where the
most swelling appears. Afterwards,
wash the mouth two or three times a
day with a solution of alum and water.
Keep this up for three or four days,
feeding on grass or ground corn or oats,
and your animal will get well.—State
Agricultural Department.
Grafting and Hadding.
Question. —Please tell me, in grafting
or budding, does the new growth take
the nature of the stock on which it is
grafted, or of the tree from which the
scions were taken ?
Answer.—A grafted tree is an in
stance of blended growth. As the emi
nent authority Storer says: "The leaves
and stems of the graft are nourished by
food taken in from the soil through the
roots of the stock, while the roots and
other tissues of the stock are supported
in their turn by food taken in from the
air through the leaves of the graft.”
The graft, however, retains the nature
of the tree from which it was taken, tho
stock being only the medium for furn
ishing it with nourishment from the
earth.—State Agricultural Department.
Irish Potatoes.
Question. —Living in the latitude of,
Macon could I nlant Irish potatoes in
the spring, follow with peas, cut the
vines off, and then sow turnips in time
to mature? Will pomegran. .os grow
from the seed, or how are they best
propagated?
Answer. —lt would not be impossible
for you to make a crop of potatoes, peas
and turnips the same season, with a very
early spring and a very late fall to help
you out. Under ordinary conditions
you could not do it, and would have to
content yourself with potatoes or peas,
followed by turnips. The pomegranate
is easily propagated by cuttings, layers,
suckers or seeds. The seed should be
planted soon after the fruit is ripe, or
but few of them will vegetate.—State
Agricultural Department.
Diversified Farming.
Question.-T-Are there any statistics
to prove that diversified farming is the
safest and most profitable?
Answer. —The United States census
for 1890 shows that 98 per cent of the
farms sold under mortgage were de
voted to only one or perhaps two crops,
while of farms upon which several crops
were grown only 2 per cent were thus
disposed of. This fact should be a
strong argument in favor of diversified
farming, — State Agricultural Depart
ment.
To Ascertain Net Weight of Hogs.
Question.—Please give me a simple
plan to ascertain the net weight of
hogs.
Answer. — Under usual conditions,
I that is, when the hogs are in moder-
I ately good order, four-fifths of the gross
I weight is about equal to the net weight;
that is subtract one-fifth from the whole
weight of the hog.—Bt ate Agricultural
Department
Poison ivy, insect bites, bruises, burns,
sealds, are quickly cured by DeWitt's
Witch Hazel Salve, rhe great pile cure,
J. N. Harris & Son.
Grasshoppers are injuring grain in
Union county, Oregon.
“Boys will be boys,” but'you can't
afford to lose any’ of them. Bo ready
for the green apple season by having
DeWitt’s Colic and Cholera Cure in the
house. J. N. Harris & Son.
Oysters and lobsters are being trans
planted to the coast of Vancouver Island.
Many a day’s work is lost by sick
headache, caused by indigestion and
tomuch troubles. DeWitt’s Little Ear
y Risers are the most effectual pill for
overcoming such difficulties. J. N.
Harris & Son.
Lightning killed a man and injured
two women who were playing croquet
near Vaiden, Miss.
The whole system is drained and un
dermined by indolent ulcers and open
sores. DeWitt’s Witch Hazel Salve
speedily heals them. It is the best pile
cure known. J. N. Harris & Son.
Two sets of counterfeiters’ dies for $5
gold pieces were found in a beaver hole
by a Dog Creek, Mont., man and turned
over to the authorities.
It doesn’t matter much whether sick
headache, biliousness, indigestion and
constipation are caused by neglect or by
unavoidable circumstances, DeWitt’s
Little Early Risers will speedily cure
them all. J. N\ Harris & Son.
The Callam County Immigration As
sociation, of Port Angeles, Wash., has
established a bureau at St. Paul, Minn.,
and is sending out whole families from
the central West to the newer far West.
Don’t trifle away time when you have
cholera morbus or diarrhoea. Fight
them in the beginning with DeWitt’s
Colic and Cholera Cure. You don’t
have to wait for results, they are in
stantaneous, and it leaves the bowels in
healthy condition. J. N. Harris & Son.
Elk have been all but exterminated in
this country, and the report of a herd of
eleven having been seen north of Mary’s
Peak, near Corvallis, Or., recently, ex
cite d comment in the far Northwest.
Theories of cure may bo discussed at
length by physicians, but the sufferers
want quick relief; and One Minute
Cough Cure will give it to them. A
safe cure for children. It is “the only
harmless remedy that produces imme
diate results.” J. N. Harris & Son.
An Enterprise, Or., saloon keeper, for
tho revocation of whose license a peti
tion had been circulated, published a
card addressed to “his friends who had
been so kind as to sign the petition,”
asking them to please settle their whis
key bills before he closed his place.
If you have ever seen a little child in
the agony of summer complaint, you can
realize the danger of the trouble and
appreciate the value of instantanteons
relief always afforded by DeWitt’s Colic
and Cholera Cure. For dysentery and
diarrhoea it is a reliable remedy. We
could not afford to recommend this as a
cure unless it were a cure. J. N. Harris
& Son.
Eleven Canadians have been inspect
ing lands along the Mississippi River,
near Memphis, Tenn., with a view to
locating there for farming, and the rail
road authorities say that several parties
from the North and Northwest have
made arrangements to settle in the
Southern lands.
To Cure a Cold in One Day
Take laxative Bromo Quinine Tablets
All druggists refund the money if it fails
t o cure. 25c.
NO MORE EYE-GLASSES,
No Weak
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MITCHELL’S
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A Certain Safe and Effective Remedy for
SORE, WEAK and HtFLAMED EYES,
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SOLD BY ALL DRUGGISTS AT 25 CENTS.
Notice to Debtors and Creditors.
All persons indebted to the estate of
James Beaty, late of Spalding County
Georgia, deceased, are hereby notified to
call and‘settle the same; and all parties
having claims against said estate will pre
sent the same properly proven.
A. A. BEATY,
Administratrix.
.xsmDBMRI ‘ •
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MERCERUNIVERSITY, “IT
NEXT SESSION OPENS SEPTEMBER 16.
Well-equipped, strong and progressive faculty; university organization; courses
elective. Eleven separate schools: English, Greek, Latin, Modern languages, Mathe
matics and Astronomy, Natural History, Physics and Chemistry, History and
Philosophy, Pedagogy, rheology and Biblical Literature and Law.
Board in clubs at 15.00 a mofl'Ch; in families, from <IO.OO to $15.00; matriculation
fee, $40.00. No tuition charged.
We believe in Christian character, in honest work, in honest and intelligent
methods and in scholarship. Send for catalogue.
P. D. PULLOCK, Chairman.
FOR TEN DAYS
DEANE & AMOSS
Will cut prices in
School Books.
New School Books will be retailed atwholesale list prices. Second
hand books still lower in price. School bags marked down.
Large tablets Ic. and sc. each. Lunch baskets sc.
Pencils Ic. Pen holders ic. Pencil sharpeners Ic.
DEANE & AMOSS, ndJ