Newspaper Page Text
THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 4, 1919.
Georgian Tells New England
How South Bloomed After
.
Worse Fate Than Belgium’s
Just what reconstruction meant to
the South wasi told to a Boston audi-,
en ce the othesr night by Alfred C.i
Newell of Atlanta, at a large dinner
given at the Hotel Somerset, says
the Atlanta Constitution.
This was attended by a number of
prominent Boston people and by dele
gates to the biennial conference of
the Columbian National Insurance
company, which has been in session
for the past four days.
Mr Newell’s speech opened the
eyes of the people of that section to
some phases of the conditions the
South had to endure during the re
construction period subsequent to
the civil war.
Among other things, Mr. Newell
said:
“Should today’s welter of tumul-,
tuous unrest reach a scarlet crisis,
these laughing devils of the Ar
gonne and Chateau Thierry will not (
shirk. They went to Flanders field
with a mission. That mission they
fulfilled, but, although for the great
er part demobilized, they realize that
they still have a serious obligation
which will not be discharged until
stable forces have again solidified so
ciety at home and until this frenzied
period of readjustment shall have
passed.
“Reconstruction! What does New
England know of reconstruction, or
the North and the West, for that mat
ter? Why are you faint-hearted? I:
come from a section and from a state ■
which can give a real meaning to re
construction, which can translate the
disorders of after-war chaos in such
away that ‘he who runs may read.’ !
“It was the immortal Henry W. 1
Grady, who, from my own town, At
lanta, brought to Boston years ago
the message of sectional reconcilia
tion and who died shortly thereaf
ter—‘literally loving a country into!
peace.’ That bond of reunion was
forged stronger by the Spanish-
American war and fused again on
the firing line in France.
“There is no part of this country
more solidly loyal to the union than
the South. We are not fly-blown by
foreigners. Political homogenity is
re-enforced with a patriotic purpose
which breathes Anglo-Saxon love.of
country, undivided support for the
nation’s flag and a unity of determi
nation to preserve Americanism by
law.
Prejudice Dissipated.
“We are more than fifty years re- i
moved from the days of real recon-'
struction. That luminous clarity
with which sympathetic imagination
invests the past has been dissipated
prejudice for us. I want to tell
you from the standpoint of my own
state, and it is the standpoint of ev
ery other Southern state, how the
boys of ’6l who charged with the
rebel yell on their lips, just as our
laughing devils met the Germans!,
came back home with strong hearts'
and a ready smile to face real recon-i
strution.
“We are proud of Georgia and its!
early accomplishments. The first!
cotton gin was made in Georgia by \
Eli Whitney in 1792.
“The first steamer that crossed the
Atlantic ocean was the Savannah,
which sailed from Savannah, Ga.,
May 20, 1819, and landed in Liver
pool on June 20 of the same year 4
“Wesleyan college at Macon, Ga.,
was the first college in the world
chartered for women. I
“The first sewing machine was
made in Georgia.
“The world’s first Sunday school
was organized in Savannah, thirty
years before Robert Raikes’ move-;
ment in London.
“The University of Georgia, es
tablished in 1784, was the first state
university in this country.
t “The first passenger railway in the
United States was operated out of
Augusta to Charleston.
The use of anaesthesia was first
discovered by Dr. Crawford Long, on
March 30, 1842, at Jefferson, Ga.
Georgia was the first organized
government on earth since Adam
came out of the Garden of Eden to
abolish and prohibit traffic in
slaves.
“These are only a few of the!
salient facts characterizing our
early aeomplishments.
‘When the civil war started Geor
gia had assessable taxable wealth just
about even to that of Massachusetts
nine hundred million dollars; when -
the war ended Massachusetts was
richer by two hundred million. As
for Georgia, this nine hundred .mil
lion taxable value had been reduced
to seventv-five million—gold value
I roperty loss inflicted on my native
state reached the high average of 92
per cent., greater than the property
loss of any of the central power!, or
any of the allies^—Belgium included
—■during the world! General
Sherman cut a swath 40 miles broad
and 200 miles long through the most
prosperous section of the state. In
complete devastation it matched the
German wrecked territory of France.
Al] That Was Left.
In my own town—Atlanta—only
two small houses were left standing
after the bombardment. The women
and children had been commanded by
military order to get out and leave
their homes, which order directed
those going south to proceed under
guard with a flag of truce and those
going north to accompany a special
guard to take them as far as the Ohio
river. In my native town —Milledge-
ville—from my grandfather’s plan
tation all the live stock and cattle
were driven off, crops destroyed and
houses burned. The only thing left
was an old peacock which took to the
tallest pine and defied poor marks
manship.
“Speaking of roosters, just how
thoroughly this work of destruction
was carried out may be shown by
the citation of military papers of
that day. Here are several orders
issued by commanders of the federal
army.
“City Point, July 14, 1864.
“Major General Halleck, Washing
ton, D. C. If the enemy has left
Maryland, as I suppose he has, he
should have upon his heels veterans,
militiamen, men on horseback and
everything that can be got to follow
to eat out Virginia clear and clean as
far as they go, so that crows flying
over it will have to carry their pro
vender with them.
(Signed) U. S. GRANT,
“Lieutenant General.”
City Point, August 26, 1864..
“Major General Sheridan, Hall
town, Va: Do all the damage to
railroads and crops you can. Carry
off stock of all descriptions and ne
groes, so as to prevent further plant
ing. We want the Shenandoah val
ley to remain a barren waste.
(Signed) “U. S. GRANT,
“Lieutenant General.”
“Headquarters Middle Military Di
vision, Harrisonburg, ‘ Septem
ber 28, 1864, 10:30 P. M.
“Brigadier General W. Merritt,
Commanding First Cavalry Division.
General: The major general com
manding directed that you leave a
small force to watch Swift Run and
Brown’s Gap, and with the balance
of your command and Custer’s divis
ion to swing around through or near
Piedmont, extending toward and as
near Staunton as possible. Destroy
all mills, all grain and all forage vou
can and drive off or kill all stock
and otherwise carry out instructions
of Lieutenant General Grunt, an
extract of which is sent you and
which means ‘leave a barren waste ’
(Signed) “JAMES W. FORSYTH.
“Lieutenant Colonel and Chief of
Staff, General .Sheridan.
“Major General Sherman, Savan
nah: Should you capture Charleston,
I hope that by some accident the
plaee may be destroyed, and if a lit
tle salt should be sown upon the site,
it may prevent the growth of future
crops of nullification and secession.
(.Signed) “W. H. HALLECK,
“Chief of Staff.”
“Field Headquarters of the Military
Division of the Mississippi, Sa
vannah. December 24, 1864.
“Major General W. H. Halleck,
Chief of Staff, Washington, D. C.: I
will bear in mind your hint as to
Charleston, and 1 1 do not think ‘salt’
will be necessary. When I move the
Fifteenth corps will be on the right
wing, and their position will bring
them into Charleston first, and if you
have watched the history of this corps
you will have remarked that it gen
erally does its work pretty well.
“The truth is, ths, whole army is
burning with an insatiable desire to
wreak vengeance upon South Caro
lina. I almost tremble at her fate,
but feel that she' deserves all that
seems in store for her. We must
make old and young, rich and poor,
feel the hard hand of war as well as
their organized armies.
(Signed) “W. T. SHERMAN,
“Major General.”
Utmost Courtesy.
“Whatever the view of the com
manders of the federal army as to
the necessity for property destruc
tion, it can be said to their honor,
with the exception of General But
ler, that they displayed the utmost
courtesy toward the women of the
South. There is one instance when
General Sherman came across an old
sweetheart whom he had known in
fm-mer 'mars, while a student at
West Point. On approaching a fa
mous mansion along the banks of
the Etowah, near Cartersville, which
mansion his men were about to ran
sack, it is told that General Sher
man was attracted by the pathetic
wailings of an old negro servant.
“ ‘Oh, Lord, what is Miss Cecelia
cwinter do now?’ she repeatedly
sobbed.
“ ‘Cecelia—Cecelia who?’ 'asked the
I general.
“ ‘Why .Miss Cecelia Stovall Shell
man. de nu'stis of dis place,’ wailed
■ the old woman.-
“Sherman called his men bncl and
' took his notebook nut and scratched
I off these lines, which he directed the
; old negro to get to her mistress;
i “ ‘Mv Dear Madam: You >< ce said
> that-you pitied the man who would
. ever become my foe. My answer was
that I would ever protect and i<‘l ’
' you. That I have done. Forgive all
; i else—l am but a soldier.
J (S.gned) “‘W. T. SHERMAN.”
■ “After Appomattox 225,000 pa-
NATIONAL TENNIS CHAMPION
Bk B
IB . I \wig
Hr •w* 18
“Children first, tennis afterward,” is
tiie motto of Mrs. George W. Wight
man, national tennis champion. She
devotes to tennis only the time she
can spare after caring for her babies.
She is here shown with her three
youngsters: George, aged six; Vir
ginia, aged five, and Hazel, aged three.
roled Southern soldiers returned to
their homes. Then followed the pe
riod of real construction. It is / not
necessary for me to detail to you the
days of the interloper and scalawag,
how an organized effort was made
| to force former slaves to be the mas •
jters of Southern Whites, how the
| horde of carpetbaggers came to ex
port revenue from a land pillaged to
the last pill.
Jefferson Davis.
“Jefferson Davis had been arrest
ed and was held in prison for two
years. Under'the terms of the Ver
sailles peace treaty the kaiser is to
be tried, but there was no court in
the land which would try Jefferson
Davis. It could not be proved that
he was guilty of treason, for he
stood on the constitutional truth
that the state was supreme—a truth
that a good many dry-mouthed Bos
tonians would like to fall back on in
these days of federal-imposed pro
hibition. It could not be proved
that he countenanced the destruction
of private property. On the other
hand, a general order No. 75, from
Robert E. Lee, commanding general
of the Confederate forces, dfated
Chambersburg, Pa., June 27, 1863,
read:
“ ‘The commanding general con
siders that no greater disgrace could
befall the .army .and through it our
whole people, than the perpetration
of the.barbarous outrages the unarm
ed and defenseless and the wanton
destruction of private property that
have marked the course of the enemy
in our country.
“ ‘Such proceedings not only de
grade the perpetrators and all con
nected with them, but are subversive
of the discipline and efficiency of
the army and destructive of the ends
of our present movement. It must
be. remembered that we make war
only upon armed men, and that we
cannot take vengeance for the wrongs
our people suffered without lowering
ourselves in the eyes of all whose
abhorrence has been excited by the
atrocities of our enemies and of
fending against Him to whom ven
geance belongeth, without whose fa
vor and support our efforts must all
prove in vain. The commanding gen
eral, therefore, earnestly exhorts the
troops to abstain, with most scrupu
lous care, from unnecessary or wan
ton injury to private property, and
he enjoins upon all officers to arrest
and bring to summary punishment all
who shall in any way offend against
.the orders on this subject.
(Signed) “ ‘R. e. LEE,
*' General.”
Georgia’s Struggle.
1 “While the years of real recon
struction are supposed to have cov
ered the period from 1865 to 1871,
actually it has taken Georgia more
than fifty-five years to reach in
property value where Massachusetts
was at the end of the civil war. I
might mention that during thirty
years, there has been levied upon the
South an annual tribute of 350,000,-
000 for the payment of federal pen
sions. Confederate veterans must
I look to their own state for heln, but
( out of the treasury of the United
States each year is paid to Grand
[Army Republic men two hundred and
em’ t million dollars, of which the
| Southern states have given year in
1 and year out fifty millions,’ a total
of a billion and a half.
“It has been estimated that through
the illegal cotton tax imposed on
the South in reconstruction days
which amounted to sixtv-eight mil
lion dollars, the captured or aban
doned property, and the actual loss
of slave value, most of which slaves,
hv the wav, were purchased from
Northerners, the South lost five bil
hon eight hundred and thirty-three
million dollars—an amount greater
than the money indemnity demanded
from Germany by the Allies. What
was lost to the South in the produc
tive man-power of nil that host of
AMERICUS TIMES RECORDER.
splendid sons who fell fighting for
the lost cause can never be computed.
In my father’s family of eight when
the war commenced only two were
left one year after the war ended.
“Those who came home to take up
the task of reconst’mction were to a
large extent all underfed and ill
nourished. My father had left ose
'foot on the Gettysburg battlefield.
They were defeated, but undaunted.
jThey had the heart of Little Giffen,
lof whom Tichnor wrote:
“With a smile and a song they
j started in to rebuild the South, and,
I Phoenix-like, the South responded to
this smile and this song. From the
Potomac to the Rio Grande, from the
Everglades to the tips of the Blue
Ridge, the South is now one unbroken
garden of prosperity.
What Has Been Done.
| “What has been done in the South
may be shown from my own state, the
largest, by the way, east of the Mis- j
sissippi river. We are usually re
ferred to as a cotton state. It is a
cotton state. Last yeaui we produced
2,100,000 bales, for which was re-
| eived $288(750,000. not counting
the revenue from the cotton seed,
which brought an additional $71,000,-
000. We paid the cotton pickers of
Georgia last year, mainly negro wo
men and children, $8,000,000. There
is no place in the world, Boston in
cluded, where the colored man is
treathed metter than he is in the
South. The 300,000 colored people
brought into the South a few gener
ations ago have multiplied to 10,-
000,000 and these negroes of the
South have more money, moreprop
erty and more religion than all the
negioes of all the rest of the world
combined.
I “But Georgia is not alone a cotton
state; it is also a corn state. In
1918, 69,000,000 bushels were rais
ed.
“Georgia is also a peach state.
Last year 18,000,000 trees gave us
a revenue of more than $10,000,000.
“Also it is an apple state, produc
ing last year 1,760,000 bushels.
“Georgia is a wheat state, with
over 9,000,000 bushels to its credit
for last year from this source.
“It is also a peanut state ..(with
only a few politicians of this variety
also). Last year from this source
the yield was $16,000,000.
“Within the last few years Geor
gia has advanced from fourteenth
to second place as a hog producing
state.
“And so I could go on with the
live stock, the grazing crops, the
sheep, the horses and mules, the to
bacco, the velvet bean, the sweet
potato, the sugar cane, the water
melons, the pecans.
Mineral Product.
“I ecu! 1 '.e 1 you of the thirty
four different kinds of minerals pro
duced in commercial quantity and
the tremendous manufacturing in
dustries until we would all weary
without the telling.
“Now, just as Georgia came back
and just as the states of the South
came back after reconstruction so
this country will go on to greater
accomplishments after this ruction
of present day reorganization has
passed. If we can face our social,
financial and economic disturbance
with a smile and a song, the spirit
of the American people (platitude
or no platitude) will make us
weather the storms and pilot us
over temptuous seas to the haven
of ultimate peace and prosperity of
the gold basis variety.”
Jerusalem's Walls.
Jerusalem is inclosed by a wall 38’4
feet in wHlt ;u towers, forming
an i rm<rr * a’■ <rvdr:>ntile of about two
,:nd a tia'f n 'les in circr P’erence.
lie iv,| wall as rebuilt by N hemiah
bou’ 4-!'-. R. C. is thoneht to have been
mne h’nc -no ■■■ 't n ' r i> feet l.'gb.nnd
I > ! ,t in • corner
HELPS
1 WEAK
WOMEN
I
I Protects Young
}' GIRLS J
s
H Regulates, tones up, drives
I away “the blues” and makes
them glad they’re living.
I The prescription of an old |
Southern doctor nlu treati 1 J
T and cured thousands of suf- u
sering women.
STEUA-VITM
I is also good for young girls— f ,
I to bring them safety through s
i the period of adolescence which j
all motors know Is a time at g
f which their daughters need |
5 the utmost care.
I At all drug stores. MONEY S 1
; REFUNDED if the first bot- g i
lie fails to benefit.
Thacwf.r Medicine Co. I i
Ckattanoc.ga, Tenn., U. 8. A.
Mhl Paralce Frazier, Lonipricw, Tnr., j
g < i refwed appreciation of STELLA- g
K VJTAE in these words: “I cannot J
say too much for thia wonderful I
' medicine. 1 had taken other female 1
n.edfcinee for two years with no good I
S result*, i am truly grateful for the 1
good STELLA• V^ITA E has
My Style Diary <
BY DOROTHY CLARKE
I I II I M—f
SEPTEMBER 4.
JFOUND just the nicest kind of
sweater for the mountains! It’s
light in weight and yet as warm as
fuf, for it’s made of Llama wool,
taupe color, and has a deep rich
coffe brown waistcoat attached
that crosses in front and, narrow
ing into a belt, passes through
slits under the rolling lapels and
fastens in back with large tor
toise shell button. The deep cuffs
are brown like the waist coat, and
I bought a hat of soft brown beav
er to match. There are buttons
and loops under the lapels, so I
can close it up tight, if I want to.
With a taupe and brown check
wool skirt and heavy brown boots
I think I shall look quite smart.
I o I
g if 3
I , • __ M
U ->''~ v Bl
B ; ’ w
■ M
IJ | II
I II
I I
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B . Hi
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eager the moment you of friends of the Hot Spot
s open the throttle. Chalmers.
Si JIGBS f. o. b. Detroit
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PAGE THREE