Newspaper Page Text
PAGE TWO
WHERE HERBERT HOOVER STANDS
ON GREAT ISSUES FACING NATION
Summing Up Os Views Os Great Na
tional Figure For Times-Recorder
Readers Seeking Information
(Through a regrettable error in
makeup parts of the article in the
Times-Recorder Monday on Her
bert Hoover’s platform, published
as a matter of information, were
somewhat unintelligible. The
Times-Recorder believes this move
ment of such importance to the fu
ture welfare of our country that it
desires to give its readers all possi
ble information correctly and in
shape to be understood. It there
fore takes the liberty of reprint
ing the article correctly ar
ranged.)
BY H. P. BURTON
N E. A. Staff Correspondent
NEW YORK, Feb. 23—The follow
ing principles for which Herbert
Hoover stands have all been enumer
ated by himself exactly as they are
given here. These are his own
words and have been qulled from
several signed articles he has recent
ly contributed to American publish
ers and from one or two public state
ments he has given to the press in
general.
This is the first time that all of
these principles have been selected
and composed, so showing exactly
what the political platform of Her
bert Hoover is.
We quote first from his writings,
copyrighted by the Curtis Publishing
Co., in the Saturday Evening Post: .
“That some readjustment of our
industrial and economical relations is
necessary needs no argument, for
the world is seething with the prob
lems involved in the matter. They
cannot be approached in the single
aspect of the relations of the work
er to the employer, for they involve
intricate problems of social econom
ics in the stimulation of effort and
intelligence, the elimination of waste,
the better distribution of wealth, the
control of speculation, extravagance,
Mort miles f>er gallon
More miles on tiros
1,500,000,000 Miles of Evidence
Statisticians calculate that Maxwell cars the world over
traveled 1,500,000,000 miles last year. What a gigantic
test of gears, bearings, axles, crankshafts, and the 3,000
other pieces of steel in a Maxwell car!
Had these metals shown a single chronic weakness
their makers would have suffered a far-reaching penalty.
Instead these 1,500,000,000 test miles—equal to 57,000
times around the equator put a great premium on the
'Maxwell.
So great that it is becoming more and more difficult
each day to get a Maxwell.
To fill this ever-growing and friendly demand for
Maxwell, 100,000 arc being built this year, bringing
the total of Maxwells now in use on the road to 400,000.
The 100,000 will fall far short.
Possibly 40,000 persons will have to purchase a second
choice car.
I'o be sure of your first choice see the Post-War
Maxwell without delay.
Chappell Machinery Co.'
West Lamar Street. Americus, Ga.
/XVI
' W iflW/
checks to domination of groups, and
the progressive development of gov
ernment to keep pace with the
economic ingenuity of our citizens."
“It is the essence of democracy that
progress of the mass must rise from
progress of the individual. It is the \
only road to a higher civilization. Its
conception of the state is one that,
representative of all the citizens, will
in the region of economic activities
limit itself in the main to the preven- ;
tion of economic domination of the.
few over the many. We have no
frozen class distinctions. We have i
developed a far better distribution of
necessity of comforts and wealth than
any other place in the world. We
have a willingness to abide by the
wi N of the majority, a sense of neigh
borly obligation and a higher sense
of justice, of self-sacrifice and of
public conscience, and out of these we
have certainty of ultimate solutions.
“The assumption of class distinc
tions between labor, capital and the
public is a foolish creation of fake
class consciousness and is building for
us the very same kind of foundations
upon which Europe rocks today.
When all is said and done, labor,
whether with hand or mind, is the
only excuse for membership in the ;
community. Capital is nothing but
the savings of the nation, represent
ed by tools of production and service,
whether it be land, factories, homes,
railways, or schools; its managers are
laborers themselves and must be
sifted out by competition in accord |
with their intelligence, skill and char
acter. Capital is not money, fori
money is nothing but the token by
which we barter goods and services.
There is no quarrel with capital.itself;
the quarrel is over the distribution of
its ownership and the profits that
arise from it.
“There are a few propositions of;
mixed social and economic character
bearing upon present problems that
are pertinent to these times and use
ful to reiterate when the attraction of
economic novelties tends to divert us
from the foundations of experience.
I believe these propositions may be
summarized as follows:
“That the object of all national
economic policy must be to maintain
and imnrove the standard -of living of
the whole population.
“That the standard of living is the
direct quotient of the amount of com
modities and services that are avail
able among the total population.
Therefore the standard cannot be
maintained or improved unless there
is a maintenance and increase in the
production of commodities and ser
vices up to the maximum need of the
entire number.
“That the human animal labors un
der the major impulse of securing for
himself a direct share in consump
tion of. commodities and services,
either today or in savings for his old
age and protection of his dependents
after death. His minor impulse is
the joy of craftsmanship and a spirit
of service to the community. Social
ism will be posible when in the dim
future the latter becomes the domi
nant impulse—and then it won’t be
necessary.
“That the development and selec
tion of abilities and character for
leadership, direction and invention in
industry cannot £e obtained by the
benevolent state—or the politician.
The infinite variety of hand and brain
can find its maximum development,
equality of opportunity and position
only through the fire of competition.
“That capital is constituted solely
of the savings.of the community, dead
or alive, above its daily consumption,
the main by the tools for production
and service, together with the stock
of consumable goods on hand. Pro
duction cannot be increased without
an increase in capital, and increase in
capital depends upon our rate of sav
ings. The major impulse to savings is
their future earnings power—their
yield of interest. Without this stim
ulus of tools, the production and ser
vice will not be miantained or in
creased.
“The organization of workers to
better the condition of labor is un
doubtedly a safeguard of equality of
opportunity and in accord with basic
principles. The essence of combina
tion of workers is collective bargain-
AMERICUS TIMES-RECORDER.
ity, and the recognition of the right to
combine canr-'i he seoarated from the
rght to bargain collectively.
“The combination of capital for
larger unit product'on and distribu
tion is in itself economically sound up
to some points of expan-ion. It is
not, however, sufficiently “ecognized
that overgrowth of such un'ts leads
them to bureaucratic administration
and eventually renders them less
efficient than smaller units. From
a social point of view the moment
they begin to dominate the commun
ity, either, in wages or prices or pro
duction, or to prevent the growth of
competition, they are in flagrant viola
tion of the primary principle of
equality of opportunity. - 1
“Nationalization fails on the issues
on which all socialism fails—that is,
the destruction of the impulses which
create efficiency either in employe or
employer, and in the impulse to initia
tive; which is necessary for improve
ment and extension. • No scheme bas.
ed on political appointment has yet
developed the ability to replace com
petition in its selection of ability and
character in management, and no gov
emment under the pressure of local
political influences can properly con
duct the risks of initiating extension
and improvement.
War Profiteering
Called "Unbearable."
“The price we must pay for the
invaluable principle that stimulation
of initiative, ability and character of
the individual requires free play in
compensaton is that some persons wil]
gain much more than their service to
the community warrants. The atroc
ity of such accumulations out of the
misery of a nation at war is unbear
able. Moreover, the laws of the
country already recognize that unre
stricted bequest prevent an equality
of opportunity.
The inheritance tax is, theoretical
ly, a direct transfer of capital to in
come in the hands of the state, thus
might be criticized, as stifling the
increase of capital. Practically, this
would be answered if the state applied
such receipts to the extinction of na
tional debt or to reproductive expen
diture in the improvement of the na
tional properties in rivers, lands and
so on. Such a curative of unfair dis
tribution of wealth is no violation of
the economic or social principles stat
ed above.
“The use of increase in income
taxes to secure better distribution of
wealth breaks itself down at a cer
tain point because it discourages in
itiative and effort more than does
the use of inheritance taxes for such
purpose. Beyond a certain point in
care of dependents the human animal
is chiefly interested in comfort in this
life.
“The use of excess profits tax for
this purpose or even for revenue—
except as a war emergency measure
coupled with controlled prices—
breaks down not only from the dis
couragement to initiative, but worse,
because it stimulates rank waste and
is in the main passed on to the on
! sumer and contributes to the high
1 cost of living.’’
The following statement is from
I the annals of the American Academy
, for January:
, “The rehabilitation of Europe is
'. immediately and primarily a Euro
pean task, but it is of tremendous
concern to America if America and
other countries of the world are to
prosper; if civilization is to go for
ward rather than backward, Europe
must get on her feet. America must
temporarily, at least, furnish her not
only with food, raw materials and
equipment, but also with credit to fi
nance the imports she needs.
“The universal practice in all
countries at war of raising funds by
inflation of currency is now bringing
home its burden of trouble. In~ex
treme cases the most resolute action
must be taken at once. In other
countries, having a lesser degree of
| inflation such currency must be re
. duced and included in the funded
i debt, or as an alternative, the costs
lof wages, living and international
I exchange must be expected to adjust
| themselves to this depression. The
j outcry against the high cost of liv
ing, the constant increase of wages
land fall in exchange going on are
|in a considerable degree due to this
inevitable readjustment.”
I For the League
i And Free Speech
In his latest statement to the
press, Mr. Hoover says: “If the
j treaty goes over to the presidential
i election (with any reservations nec
| essary to clarify the world’s mind
: that there can be no infringement of
the safeguards provided by ourcon
istitution and. our nation-old tradi
tions), then I must vote for the party
(that stands for the league. With it
there is hope not only of the preven
! tion of war, but also that we can
'safely economize in military policies.
I There is hope of earlier return of con
fidence and the economic reconstruc
| tion of the world.
| “I could not vote with a party if it
were dominated by groups who seek
Ito set aside our constitutional guar
antees for free speech or free repre
sentation, who hope to re-establish
control of the government for profit
and privilege. I could not vote with
a party if it were dominated by
groups who hope for any form of So
cialism, whether it be nationalization
of industry, or other destruction of
individual initiative. Both these ex
tremes, camouflaged or open, are ac-
I twe enough in the country today.
I Neither of these dominations would
I enable these constructive economic
i policies that will get us down from
ithe unsound economic practices
I which, of necessity, grew out of the
i war, nor would they secure the good
| will to production in our farmers and
workers or maintain the initiative of
i our business men.
“I do not believe in more than two
great parties. Otherwise, combina
tion of groups could, as in Europe,
I create a danger of minority rule. I
ido believe in party organization, to
| support great ideals and to carry
j great issues and consistent policies.
I Nor can any one man dictate the is
sues of great parties. It appears to
me that the hope of a great majori
ty of our citizens in confronting this
new period in American life is that
the great parties will take positive
stands on the many issues that con-
front us, and will select men whose 1
character and association will guar- !
antee their pledges.”
Misery Is Cause
of Revolutionism
The following is from the Forum
magazine:
“No contemporary can properly
judge or balance the relative evidence
and these savings are represented in
of great currents of social agitation. \
Yet practical statesmanship requires
that within our abilities a constant
accounting should be taken of the
tangible results of the forces abroad,|
if the development of our liberal in- i
stitutions and progress of orderly i
government is to be maintained and
revolution avoided. We shall never
remedy justifiable discontent until we 1
eradicate the misery which the ruth
lessness of individualism has impos- i
ed upon a minority. Our soil is not |
so fertile as that of Europe to many
of these growths, because we have
a larger social conscience. We have
not the vivid class and econonflc dis
tinction of Europe nor have we the
depth of misery out of which these
matters can crystalize. Nevertheless,
in these days of intimate communica
tion, social forces are rapid in their
penetration, and social diseases are
quick in universal infection.
“We see that the outsanding eco
nomic phenomenon of Europe today ,
is its demoralized industrial produc
tion. Os the 450 million people in
Europe, a rough estimate would in- j
dicate that they are at least one hun
dred million greater than could be
supported on the basis of production,
which has never before reached so
low an ebb. Some of this diminu
tion in production has been contrib
uted to other factors, but in large de-;
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I gree the cause of this steady decrease
of productivity with its shortage of
necessary supplies and its rising cost
I of living must be sought in the social
ferment, with its continuous imposi
tion of socialist ideas.
Altruism No Base
For Real Effort
“This socialism is based on one con
ception, that the productivity of the
1 human being can be maintained un
der the impulse of altruism and that
i the selection of the particular human !
for his most productive performance ;
can be made by some super-imposed |
bureaucracy. Their weakness is the i
| disregard of the normal day-to-day ■
primary impulse of the human animal, i
that is, self-interest for himself or |
for his family or home, with acer- I
tain addition of altruism varying j
; with his racial instinct and his de- j
J gree of intelligence. They fail to
take into account, also, that there is |
but one sufficiently selective agent
for human abilities in that infinite
specialization of mind and body nec
essary, to maintain the output of the
intricate machinery of production, |
and that is the primary school of com
petition.
“My emphatic conclusion, there
i fore, is that socialism as a philosophy
of possible human application is
bankrupted. Nevertheless, the para- ]
i mount business of every American !
. is this business of finding a solution i
. to these issues, but this solution must |
be found by American in a I
practical American way, based i
upon American ideas, on Amer-|
ican philosophy of life. A defi- i
nite American substitute is needed j
for these distegrating theories of Eu- '
rope. It must be founded, too, upon j
; facts that every sec- i
TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 24, 1920.
tion of this nation, the farmer, the
professional men, tne employers are
all absolutely interdependent -ipon
each other in this task of maximum
production and the better distribu
tion of its results. We shall never
remedy justifiable discontent until
we eradicate the misery which the
ruthlessness of the individualism has
imposed upon a minority.
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