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SHYLOCKS HATRED.
SHAKESPEARE ON THE SUB¬
JECT OF INTEREST.
Frank T. Kcld In the Taeoina Sun Shows
Hon Mammon Is Kapldiy Changing
This Fair Lari it Info a Hell of
Woe.
It is interesting to consider the
ground on which Shakespeare bases
Shylock’s hatred of Antonio. It grew
out of the natural antipathy which the
false merchant, whose motto is “busi
ness is business,” and “evey man for
himself,” entertains for the true mer¬
chant, whose controlling passion is not
greed but service. It also reveals the
fact that Shakespeare clearly saw the
iniquity of taking interest. No custom,
however venerable, could blind that
royal mind, If founded on a false
principle he intuitively felt that it was
a “goodly apple rotten at the core.”
When Bassanlo approaches Shylock
for a loan and offers Antonio as his
surety, Shy lock says (aside):
“I hate him, for he is a Christian;
But more, for that., in low simplicity,
He lends out money gratis, and brings
down
The rate of usance here with us in
Venice
0 0 * * and he rails,
Even there where merchants most do
congregate,
On me, my bargains, and my well-won
thrift,
Which he calls interest; cursed be my
tribe.
If I forgive him ”
At tills day, in the estimation of our
‘‘business men,” our "practical” men,
■what, “low simplicity” it is, what an
addle-pated crank he is, what a fool,
■who “lends out money gratis.” If one of
cur merchants were now to rail at one
of his fellows at the exchange, “where
merchants most do congregate," for
taking interest, what a universal cack¬
ling, ns of geese, would be heard! Ver¬
ily, the world does move. But still the
query remains -In what direction, hell
ward or heavenward?
Shylock sought to justify his practice
of taking interest by citing the exam¬
ple of Jacob cheating Laban out of the
best of his Hocks in the unique way de
scribed in the book of Genesis. To
which Antonio replies:
“Was this inserted (in the Bible) to
make interest good?
Or is your gold and silver ewes and
rams?
Shylock- f cannot tell; I make it
breed as fast.
Antonio- The devil can cite scripture
for ids purpose.
An evil soul, producing holy witness,
Is like a villain with a smiling cheek.
O, what a goodly outsido falsehood
hath!”
And when Antonio was arrested for
the debt, and in the custody oLthe jati¬
er, Shylock exclaims, “Talk not to mo
of mercy; this is the fool that lent out
money gratis."
Antonio says, “Let him alone;
I’ll follow liini no more with bootless
prayers.
He, seeks my life: his reason well I
know;
I oft delivered from ills forfeitures
Many, that have at times made moan
to me;
Therefore lie hates me.”
Is there a single Antonio among the
“business” men of Christendom today?
I believe it was somewhere in the
‘70s that Mr. Abram S. Hewitt of New
York delivered an address before the
American institute of mining engi¬
neers. 1 wish at this time to quote only
the concluding paragraph In which he
sketches "the picture that will be pre
eented at the beginning of (he next con
tury, when our mining interests will
|)t« developed on a scale somewhat com
mensurate with the area of the Country
and the extent of its resources.”
"As New York will be the center of
capital, so it will be the Initial point of
our iron/and steel industry. On the
shores of the Hudson"river, the ores of
Lake Champlain of the valleys of Con
iieetieut, and of the highland ranges of
New York and New Jersey, will meet
the anthracite coals of Pennsylvania
upon conditions so favorable that New
York and its vicinity must become a
great mctnlurgical center. Thence the
chnin of tire, extending across New Jer
sey and following the banks of the Le
high and Schuylkill to the Susquehana,
will lead us by the margin of the coal
fields, along the outcrop of the mag
netie hematite and fossiliferons ores
which extend through Pennsylvania,
Maryland. Virginia. North and South
Carolina. Tennessee, Georgia and Ala
bama, nearly to the Gulf, so that the
light of furnace answering to furnace
will never be lost sight of in the long
line of over 1.000 miles! Hence, turn
itig to the west, Missouri, Kentucky.
YYostern Tennessee. Ohio. Indiana and
Illinois, will be all aglow with furnaces,
forges and mills, fed by the admirable
fuel of the inexhaustible coal-fields of
the west, and the superb ores of Mis
Lcuri and Lake Superior. The waters
®f the great lakes will reflect the flames
which will light tip their margin, while
to the west, along the lines of the vari¬
ety Pacific railways, the newly found
coal and iron of that hitherto trackless
region will form an enduring basis for
she growth of industrious-communities,
busy cities and teeming farms. The
west coast will not be behind in the
race. but an iron industry, more valua
ble than its mines of gold and silver,
w ill yet supply its growing millions
with the fundamental basis upon which
modern civilization nests. The growth
of this vast industry will be accom
panied by the schoolmaster, the
er and the phvslcian. Homes of which
human nature may be proud will be
established In its wake; labor and
Christianity will march hand in hand,
binding all interests and all classes so
harmoniously and so indissolubly to
get her, that peace and good will be-
THE TREASURY JUMP -JACK.
(From the National j'!.»<ftallist.)
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Carlisle: Heavens! How tired I am, When 1 became secretary of the treas- basis.” But every one of them has a
This acrobatic business looks easy ury, I thought these iiankers were my string tied to me. Each is pulling with
enough, but if anyone thinks it is, friends, and that all they wanted was to all his might, and I am so tired. I can
id him take my place for a while, keep our monetary a jjiem on a “sound not eve n get time to prepare my report.
tween capital and labor shall prevail
throughout the land forever.”
(), ye wandering tribes of Israel! the
Garden of Eden behind you, and this
Promised Land ahead; u land not flow¬
ing with milk and honey, but flowing
with molten lava; the mountains of
which are mountains of cinders and
ashes, on which rest pillars of cloud by
day and by night, hiding the light of
sun and stars, and intensifying the
lurid glare of the fires of Hell that
belch flame from every furnace mouth.
And this is to be, the outcome otl9th
century civilization; this the City of
the New Jerusalem!
Iron, “the fundamental basis upon
which modern civilization rests!” True
Mr. Hewitt, undoubtedly true. Baal is
your God; and in ills service you are
rapidly changing this fair world into an
unspeakable hell; a valley of Jehosa
pbat "strewn with the wreck of dead
men’s bones,” and murdered souls. But
what do “the false priests who preach
for hire" have to say to your candid as¬
sertion tliat iron, and not the Sermon
on the Mount, is the fundamental basis
on which their ecclesiastical systems
rest? Labor (in chains?) and christian
ity (dressed In broadcloth) marching
hand in hand, from ocean to ocean,
from the gulf to the lakes, and guided
by "the light of furnace answering to
furnace”—what a sublime spectacle!
It were easy to imagine Zeus, the Fath
er of Gods and men, looking down,
well-pleased, on the beatific vision; the
fruit of the “wonderful progress" of the
most “enlightened age of which his
tory bears record.” The only reason,
however, it seems, why Christianity (in
broadcloth) is expected logo marching
hand in hand with Labor (in rags) is
that it nmy play the part of a police
man, and preserve the peace between
Capital and Hunger. “Homes, of which
human nature may be proud,” will clus¬
ter about the mouths of these “fiery
furnaces” in which are manufactured
the fundamental basis of modern clvili
zation. warships, cannon, etc. The
schoolmaster, the preacher and the
physician, the three chief ornaments of
cur present social life, will continue
their stay among us, presumedly as
their services will be more than ever
in "demand in the healing, or attempted
healing, of the diseased bodies, minds
and souls of men.
And this man Hewitt, and hts class.
are looked upon as sane men, as the
only sane men; while those who rea¬
lize the godlessness and horror of the
state of things which he presents as a
picture of heaven, are styled erauks.
Y'erily, the Bible is right -the Devil is
the Prince of this World, and he is the
great Deceiver!
Were we to awaken an Athenian of
the time of Phtdeas from his raauso
leum, and take him with eyes to see and
ears to hear and nostrils to smell into
Pittsburg or Birmingham, or any other
manufacturing center, would he not
ask us. in stupefaction, under what
curse of the gods hai^ the earth fallen
that mankind should dwell in such
hideous clamor, such sooty darkness.
such foul stenches, such defiled and im
prisoned air? He would survey the be
grimed toilers of the mills and looms,
the pallid women, the stunted offspring,
the long lines of hideous houses, the
soil ankle deep with cinder dust, the
skies a pall of lurid smoke, the country
scorched and blackened and accursed:
he would survey all this. 1 say. asking
by what malediction of heaven and
v hat madness of mankind the sweetest
and chief joys of nature had been
ruined and forgotten thus? He would
behold the dwarfed trees dying under
the fume of poisonous gases; the clear
river changed to a slimy, crawling,
stinking putrid flood >( filth; the buoy¬
ant air, once sweet a; the scent of cow¬
slips or clover grass, made by the greed
of man into a sicki noxious, loath¬
some thing, loaded with the stench of
chemicals and the capors of engine
belched steam. He would stand amidst
this hell of discordant sounds, between
these walls of blackmed brick, under
this sky of heavy-hanging soot; and he
would remember the world as it was;
and if any at his ear prated of science,
he. would smile in *' faces, and say,
“If these be the frui^ of science let me
rather dwell with the forest beast and
the untaught barbarian."
SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS.
To Lesion Scout* in All Tarts of the
Country.
1. A Legion Scout is simply a re¬
cruiting officer of the Industrial Le¬
gion, detailed on special duty, with a
roving commission which will permit
the holder to organize wherever there
is no one engaged in active work. If
they reach a locality where there is no
Legion they will at dice plant one. If
they find one stir it up and fire them
with a new devotion, lor the cause.
2. A Legion Scout ought to be able
to Hold a meeting at a moment's notice
on a street corner, in a harvest field,
around a threshing machine, wherever
you can gain the attention of even a
handful of people.
3. They should be provided with
books to sell, should distribute and take
subscriptions for newspapers, sell Le¬
gion buttons, and the beautiful certifi¬
cate of membership in the Legion and
People's Party.
4. If a Legion Scout has no money
to procure an outfit, .he should at once
demonstrate his fitness for the work by
going out and collecting in small sums
from patriotic people who cannot travel
in this cause enough money to purchase
one which will cost about $5. A work¬
er who has not got the snap to do this
would fail as a Legion Scout.
5. A Legion Scout (Should try to sell
books at first, should go quietly about,
avoiding noisy discutf‘5n, and endeav¬
or to get the people'w take some book.
Use those that the people most desire.
For instance. Coin's Financial school is
now in demand, and Lou should go into
the ranks of the oiwparties first and
make the effort. andT’henever you sell
a book you should get the buyer to
recommend it to his neighbors and urge
them to get one. It»would be ' ve " t0
at oid too much partisanship at first.
Just show the people that you only
want them to inform themselves as to
the causes of the condition of the peo¬
ple, and quietly remind them that you
left one or the other of the old parties
because they utterly failed to furnish a
remedy and always betrayed the people
when they promised one. Use all the
effort you can to get ihem to take some
true People's Party t^aper. Get just as
many sample copies as you can of the
best papers to distribute on the way.
Try and get one man to take one paper
and his neighbor another, so that there
may be a variety of our papers from all
sections in each locality. Also get hold
of all the names of old party voters on
the way and send to our papers, who
will gladly send sample copies to them,
6. Urge every Legjion to start a li
brary. Each mem be" cau bring one
book or more, then .raise a fund and
add to it. and keep a (regular crusading
committee in the fidld to induce the
people to read them and promptly re¬
turn ________ them.
7. Our people are nearly all poor and
no man need be det>wred from the
work by poverty. Each Legion Scout
must be able to make a short speech or
sing a good song. Model after the Sal¬
vation Army to some extent. You, if
live and earnest, can start from Port¬
land, Oregon, ana make your way to
Pensacola, Florida, in this way. If you
can get a horse and buggy it will be a
good way. Two could go together. If
you had a bicycle, which it only takes
four horses to buy under present condi¬
tions, it would be a good way. But if
you have neither, walk, and you can do
it without purse or script, as they did
ij the olden time, and* I know all our
true friends will entertain you free on
the long journey.
8. We want Legion Scouts in cities
where there are so many thousands un
employed. The committees of the Peo
pie’s Party should have a trained corps
of them to distribute papers, sell books,
advertise meetings, secure names to pe¬
titions, and all the thousand things so
necessary to the work of building up
our party in the city. The Legion
should have open headquarters in each
city, should organize in every precinct,
should always have a supply of books
on hand, so that workers who are un
employed caa take them out and try
to sell them and return all unsold. A
city Legion Scout should always have
a full supply of leaflets, the “Bankers’
Circulars,” the “People’s Party Plat
form ” and the best papers, and it
should be the duty of a city Legion
Scout to canvass the wards and pre
cincts to find out the standing of each
party, and make proper return on the
blanks furnished by the committee.
9. It will take self-sacrifice and zeal.
Y'ou will bear heavy burdens on the
way. Y'ou will be out in the storm,
sleep without shelter, and often be
hungry, but you will be one of the
great army helping to liberate the peo¬
ple and striving to avert the horrors of
a bloody revolution by an appeal to the
ballot box, and if some noble patriot
among you will blaze a pathway and
organize a Legion in every town from
ocean to ocean before 1896, he will be
enshrined in history as a hero.
Hay and Gold.
According to the Indianapolis Jour¬
nal the hay crop of Indiana in 1893 was
worth $26,340,240. According to the
director of the mint the gold crop of the
entire United States is only $39,000,000,
much less than the hay crop in two
average states. YY'hy can’t we have a
hay basis instead of a gold basis? Ac¬
cording to Professor McLaughlin and
other gold-bugs we need not have the
actual gold in circulation, only a few
pieces to determine the "value.” As
our hay product is much more
than our gold product, why not store up
a dollar's worth of hay in the treasury
departmental YY’ashington and call that
a basis?—Bob Schilling.
The people are learning that liberty
means more than living under the
mere form of a republican government.
It means that all natural opportunities
shall not only be free, but that they
shall be guaranteed by the govern¬
ment, and not absorbed by the few.
Those fellows who got excited at
Grover's war message and wanted to
fight, are now putting on their coats,
after seeing what big fools the presi¬
dent made of them.
It requires a great deal of gall for
a speaker to undertake to defend the
record of the Democratic party, yet
there are those who for the sake ot an
office will do it.
DEMOCRACY’S ‘-PROP.”
TOM WATSON DISCUSSES THE
(SOLD MOVEMENT.
Why the Banka Want the Greenbacks
Retired—Plain Statement of an In
famoua Scheme—Treason Lurks in the
White House.
People’s Party Paper: The New York
Chamber of Commerce summoned Mr.
Carlisle over to its annual banquet, and,
of course, the old turn-coat went. Hav¬
ing been duly crammed with terrapin,
duck, turkey and pickles, and having
had claret, Maderia, port and cham¬
pagne poured into him as long as there
was storage-room, he was put up to en¬
tertain his Wall street masters by mak¬
ing a speech.
Surrounded by the gilded clique
-which bought our bonds through Cleve
land’s law firm at ten million dollars
less than they were worth, supported
and encouraged by the presence and
the inspiring smiles of the millionaire
criminals who violate our anti-trust
laws, fortified and emboldened by
breathing the atmosphere of bank
privilege, bank-monopoly and bank
emolument, Carlisle spoke.
He spoke as one elevated and in¬
spired; spoke as an oracle speaks. With
his head well up and his tail over the
dashboard, he oratorically dashed into
a gait of “two-forty on a plank road,
and what do I feed you for!”
Carlisle’s speech enraptured his audi¬
ence. It was just what they wanted.
Down to the muddiest bottom of their
sordid souls it stirred them and delight¬
ed them.
“We must retire the greenbacks,”
said Mr. Carlisle; and every Wall street
banker who heard the welcome words
almost slipped off his chair in the ex¬
uberance of his joy.
The greenbacks and treasury notes of
1890 are to be retired. Cleveland makes
this promise to Wall street.
The greenbacks amount to $346,000,
000; the treasury notes to $150,000,000,
or thereabouts.
This paper money is now circulating
among the people, answering all the
needs of business, and costing nobody
a cent.
That is the distinct pledge which Mr.
Carlisle made to the Wall street mil¬
lionaires.
If this paper money, aggregating
$500,000,000 in round numbers, is burnt,
what sort of money is to take its place?
National bank notes. And how will
these National bank notes get into cir¬
culation?
Our business men will go to the banks
and borrow the notes at six or eight per
cent interest—and thus the notes will
get into circulation.
How do the Greenbacks and Treasury
Notes get into circulation?
The Government pays them out on
current expenses, and thus they get in
to circulation without costing anybody
a cent.
Why do the National Bankers want
the Greenbacks and Treasury Notes
burnt?
So that they, the Banks, will have a
monopoly of supplying the country with
paper money.
If the National Bankers can force the
Government to burn the $500,000,000 of
paper money which the people now use
free of interest, they can put out that
amount of their bank notes at six or
eight per cent interest, and thus reap a
harvest of thirty or forty million dol
lars per year, in addition to the fat re¬
turns they now get.
Therefore when Mr. Carlisle promised
the Wall Streeters to call in the Green
backs and burn them, it was the same
as if he had said:
Gentlemen, Cleveland and the
Democratic party love you, and we are
going to so arrange the law that the
taxpayers will have to add thirty or
forty millions annually to your untaxed
prosperity.
Not only will the people have to pay
the difference between non-interest
bearing currency and that which bears
interest, but they will also have to pre¬
pare themselves to tote more bonds.
The $500,000,000 of paper money
which Carlisle promises to call in and
burn, constitutes a public debt. This is
strictly true of the Greenbacks. It is a
debt of $346,000,000 which bears no in¬
terest.
Mr. Carlisle proposes to cancel this
debt, and burn the notes.
How is he going to get the cash (gold
and silver) to pay the Greenback notes?
Not from the Government revenues,
for Cleveland is spending them faster
than they can be collected.
Not from cash in the Treasury, be¬
cause they have not got it.
Not from collections made from the
Pacific Railroad Corporations who owe
us, because the Government will take
no step to collect the debt.
Then how is Carlisle to pay off the
Greenback notes?
Put another mortgage on us:—Bonds!
The bonds will draw at least three
per cent interest, and therefore the
Greenbacks which cost us nothing must
get out of the way for bonds which cost
three per cent.
That’s good finance—for Wall street,
But this isn’t all. Not only do we lose
about forty million dollars as the dif¬
ference between National Bank notes
and Greenbacks, not only do we lose the
difference between a public debt which
bears no interest and one which does,
but every citizen who sells produce, or
hunts work or struggles with debt, will
feel the effects of burning $500,000,000
of the money in circulation.
If Carlisle and Cleveland carry out
their godless schemes, fully one-third
of our actual money of circulation will
be gone. 4
Then what?
Prices will fall, debts will be harder
to pay and homes will be harder to hold,
Y'ou may talk about “sound money”
and •‘intrinsic value” and “single gold
standard” till your tongue drops out,
but the pith and marrow of the whole
business is this:
A large supply of money means that
money is easier to get in return, for la¬
bor and labor’s produce, than when the
supply of money is small. Lessen the
amount of money and you make it
scarcer and harder to get; increase the
amount of money, and you make it
more plentiful and easier to get.
Population is rapidly increasing, pro¬
duction rapidly increasing, commerce
rapidly increasing.
Money being created merely to facili¬
tate business, the increase of business
naturally demands an increase of
money.
The two old parties working together
in the interests of concentrated wealth
are shrinking the amount of money year
by year—thus adding to the value of
the small amount ctf money which is
left, and adding to the advantages
which those few who have hoarded
their gold have over the millions who
have to exchange their labor, land and
produce for cash in order to pay debts
and taxes.
The towns and cities, as a rule, are
dead against Populism; yet Populism
says to the merchant, “you are entitled
to the use of Government money on the
same terms as the National Banker.”
Democracy and Republicanism says
to him, “The National Banker has a
perfect right to Government money at
one per cent on the dollar, and he has a
right to make you pay him eight per
cent."
And the said merchant vigorously
damns the party which says he ought
to have money as cheaply as anybody
else gets it, and clamorously supports
the old parties which tell him that the
National Banker ought to enjoy a seven
cents advantage over him on every dol¬
lar that goes into his business.
MY LIFE ONE GRAND SWEET
SONG.
By James W. Bowdoin.
I am an honest democrat, all of the up¬
per crust.
I claim that public office was, and is, a
public trust.
The sugar trusts and wheat trusts are,
I claim, in the same line.
The whisky trusts and money trusts
are simply all combines;
And thinking thus, I am convinced,
there’s no such thing as wrong,
I believe in gold, and getting it makes
life “one grand sweet song.”
There’s nothing like the yellow gold to
drive dull care away;
So I do my best to scoop it in, for I have
not long to stay.
Silver may suit those that voted me in,
with me it has no place;
I believe in Grover, and him alone, and
not in the human race.
When I retire from public life — the
time will not be long—
I will have the boodle and easily make
my life “one grand sweet song.”
I sometimes think of the platform oU
which I was elected;
If ever a thing was more ignored I hopa
to be dissected.
I have always been monarch of all I
surveyed, have shouted for reform;
My pile has increased while the people
I fleeced by issuing millions of
bonds.
Now there’s David and me. We could
never agree. He thinks I did him
a great wrong
Because I have kept all the boodle my¬
self to make life “one grand sweet
song.”
Now, there’s Arnold, the traitor—you
know who I mean—sold his country
to get British gold;
When he got it, what good did it do
him?—for he then had to skip from
the fold;
Of this life ever after no peace did ha
see, if we believe what in hist’ry
we’re told;
But there’s more ways than one of kill¬
ing a cat, and more ways than one
to get gold.
Now, there’s money in sugar, and also
in bonds; of course there shall be
no wrong.
Then collect in the boodle and take in
gold, and make life “one grand
sweet song.”
My friend, Johnny Baron, is a great
financier; if you’re honest he says
you’re a freak;
Play the people for suckers as long as
you can; have a policy for each
day of the week; ^
Be sure to take with you a sanctifieu
look; of their wrongs cry aloud,
make a great fuss;
Trot out that old axiom of yours once
more, “Public office is a sacred
trust.”
I will see that your gold reserve sinks
below par and no one shall see the
wrong,
Then we’ll count up the spoils and por¬
tion them out, making life “one
grand sweet song.”
Give the national banks all the power
you can; destroy, burn up all legal
tender;
Make money as scarce as you possibly
can, and in this, don't you see, help
the lender.
It may cause distress, but that’s noth¬
ing to us—and also send many to
graves—
But we’ll fasten our hold on the whole
human race and make them our
subjects and slaves;
You will then have no need of Old
Glory aloft, for that emblem of
freedom is wrong;
Gold will carry the day, we will then
have full sway, and continue that
grand, sweet song.
Haverhill, Mass.
It make6 but litle difference whether
the Hazard circular was genuine or not,
the conspiracy which it outlined has
developed and is now attempting to
cap the climax by destroying the green
backs.