Newspaper Page Text
Magazine Supplement.
advocate-democrat.
VOL.XXXI
HOME OF WASHINGTON.
WOMEN PAVED THE ITT Y
RESTORA TIOX OF MT. VERSON
Place is Now Exactly as it
Looked During the Lifetime of
Great Statesman-General - Thous
ands Visit it Annually.
The hell is tolling, the band playing
“Nearer My God to Thee” and the
passengers know, even before they
raise their eyes to the fair sweep of
Virginia’s shore line, that the steamer pretty
is passing Mount Vernon. A
custom—the tolling of the bell and the
playing of the fine old hymn. A hush
falls on the crowded decks, and one
WASHINGTON AND LAFAYETTE.
From a Painting at Mount Vernon.
feels the thrill of patriotism stirring
the hearts of the people.
But uo the thousands who annually
sail down the Potomac to visit the
stately home of George Washington
know that to a woman’s initiative is
due the restoration and preservation o£
the beautiful Mount Vernon of to-day?
Away back in 1853 this home was in
a rapidly deteriorating condition. John
Augusiine Washington, a son of Gen¬
eral Washington’s nephew, was the
owner of the estate. The descendants
of Washington evidently did not inherit
the clear business sense of their illus¬
trious ancestor, for in General Wash¬
ington’s time the farm yielded a hand¬
some income. Now the fields were ly-
for future generations this home of
General George Washington.
In this connection it is interesting
to know that during the ten-day annual
meet of the Board ot Regents in the
month of May a banquet is given to
the Governor of Virginia. After the
feast is ended and the toasts are drunk,
the entire association conduct the Gov¬
ernor about the house and grounds,
that he may know, by personal observa¬
tion, that the pact entered into so long
ago i' oeing faithfully kept.
It is the custom of the ladies of the
association to live at Mount Vernon
during the yearly session. At this
time the old home wears an air of un¬
wonted gaiety. The kitchen gi 's out
the most appetizing odors, and, stimu¬
lated to v .usual activity by tales of the
old day-, the corp cf Virginia servants
are anxious to show their fitness for
the honor of “servin’ de ladies,” Even
the brick oven, a relic of colonial days,
is called into use, the beautifully
browned bread, pies and cakes attest¬
ing its superiority.
Thirty States Represented.
The Mount Vernon Ladies’ Associa¬
tion is a most exclusive body. It is
composed of a regent, who is president,
of the association, and^ a vice-regent
from each of the States of the Union.
Thirty States are now represented.
The" women are justly proud of the
work that has been and is being accom¬
plished, and so value their places in
the council that it has become a cus¬
tom for the office of vice-regent to de¬
scend from mother to daughter or
other near relative. “When a vacancy
occurs in the council the Governor of
the State is invited to nominate some
prominent woman; but should the
name not receive the favorable consid¬
eration of the regent and Vice-regents
no appointment is made until one ac¬
ceptable to all is proposed.
Miss Cunningham, the first regent,
lived at Mount Vernon from 1868 to
1873, when she resigned on account of
ill health. She died the following
year. The present regent is Mrs. Jus¬
tine Van Rennselaer Townsend, of New
York.
During the Civil War, though in the
very midst of the conflict, Mount Ver¬
non escaped serious injury. This was
mainly due to the heroism of Miss
Tracy, the secretary of the association,
who took up her abode at Mount Ver-
House in which
Washington
Lived.
The Kitchen a i
it was a
Hundred Years
Ago.
ing unfilled and useless, and the house
and outbuildings were showing signs
of the passing of the years. The glory
of that splendid home was departing.
A Woman’s Work.
To the great credit of John Augus¬
tine Washington it is related that he
refused absolutely to consider proposi¬
tions advanced by private companies
and individuals to purchase the estate,
to be converted later into a pleasure
resort. Think of the desecration—a
vaudeville performance on that magni¬
ficent stretch of lawn, waiters bearing
their burdens of food and drink
through those stately halls, the daily
uproar of irreverent crowds.
And then carr.e Miss Ann Pamela
Cunningham, of South Carolina. She
visited Mount Vernon in 1853 and was
shocked and grieved at the fate in
store for the historic spot. She COD’
ceived the plan of rousing the women
of her beloved southland to the true
state of affairs and enlisting their co¬
operation in the raising of a fund of
$200,000, the price asked for the house,
outbuildings, wharfage, garden anc’
some two hundred acres of farmlands
So she went to work, and it must he
remembered that fifty years ago it tool
no small amount of bravery for r
woman to inaugurate and carry on ar:
undertaking of such magnitude. But
after five years of effort the whole of
the $200,000 was in hand. It wa the
found impracticable to confine
propaganda to the Southern States, so
the North was invited to assist, which
she did in generous measure.
At the close of 1858 the Mount Ver
non estate was purchased and the title
, Ladies’
passed to the Mount Vernon
Association of the Union.
Freed from Taxation.
A charter was secured from the State
of Virginia, granting exemption from
taxation, the association in return
binding itself to the task of restoring
to its original condition and preserving
CRAWFORDVILLE, GA., FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 3, 1905.
STEM INDUSTRIAL CRASH.
STANDARD OIL MAGNATE PRE¬
DICTS CRISIS A SO SUGGESTS
PAL LA TICE MEASURES.
Would Have Nation Begin Work of
Vast Internal Improvements. Ex
Premier Meline of France Als<?
Sounds Warning.
J. II. SHANNON.
That the land is the source of ail
real wealth, lias been said by pbiloso ivitb
pliers time out of mind, and :u", (
the urban districts draining lroin the
country much of the flower of its man¬
hood tile cry is going up from the lips the
of legions of wise men. "Back to
Land!” All manner of unionization
projects are being devised and tried
for the purpose of diverting foreign
immigration from the cities to fields
and to relieve the pressure of conges¬
tion in the over-grown centers.One
J. I). ROCKEFELLER AND HIS NEW WIG
feature of the ominous flow of people
to the cities is the phenomenal develop¬
ment of manufactures. There may
come a time when manufactures will
r:o overbalance agriculture that there
will not be enough basic wealth pro¬
duced to afford a profitable market
foil tjhe factory-made goods. When
the industrial situation shall become
so unbalanced, a commercial erasli of
stupendous magnitude must ensue.
As Helpless Babes.
Then the city-trained men who
know not liow to make bread out of
the soil will clamor for work, curse
the economic condition of the period,
denounce the state, threaten llie re¬
public with all sorts of fantastic then
ries, and there will be acute friction
between the few rich and the multi¬
tude of poor. Gradually men will
drift back to the land and learn to
make their living with tlie plow and
reaper and a satisfactory equilibrium
between agriculture and manufactures
will once more be reached. Before
this result is attained, there will
be intense suffering. Families that
are in comfortable circumstances will
know the meaning of misery, and
families now affluent will fall into
beggary. All this is not a dream,
Men of clearest vision see it coming,
Rockefeller’s Prophecy of Panic.
It is wliat Mr. John I). Rockefeller
sees when lie predicts, as lie did in a
recent interview “an industrial crisis
of world-wide extent and unprece¬
dented severity.”
Mr. Rockefeller says the crisis will
lie brought on by overproduction in
all lines. The Standard Oil magnate
non, accompanied by only a few serv¬
ants. Miss Cunningham, the regent,
was prohibited from crossing the mili¬
tary lines and could not join her. For
four long years Miss Tracy remained at
the lonely home, managing the estate
and guarding the buildings.
The plan of the rehabilitation of
Mount Vernon, by returning to its
rooms the original furnishings, or arti-
,
OLD FASHIONED GARDEN AT MOUNT VERNON.
cles similar in design and construction,
is generally understood. But every
woman should know and remember
that to the loyal, patriotic women of
the land belongs the credit of saving
from ruin and obliteration the fine old
home of the Father of his country.
impends will be precipitated by over¬
production of manufactured goods.
He says “Consumption must have its
bounds, and so with the consumption
of manufactured articles. When la
man has filled all his requirements in
clothes and furniture a mere lowering
of prices, which is all that mechanical
improvements generally mean nowa¬ him.
days, can no longer attract
Therefore, when the output is not re¬
s'*- >i d the market necessarily be¬
comes Coo..o.J ”
Mr. Rockefeller is specific as To uie
wlicu the crash is to occur. It is
likely that he errs in this, because pre
dictions as to periods of depression
and readjustment are seldom fulfilled
as to dates. Crises as a rule come un¬
expected and the immediate reason is
most apt to bo due to over-expansion
of credit, and overproduction of secur¬
ities than to actual overproduction of
goods; but when to the cause qf over
expanded credits is added overproduc¬
tion of manufactures and a lop-sided
industrial system.recovering from the
crash is more difficult.
Day of Distress Near.
The richest man in America is posi¬
tive, however, that the crash will come
about 100T—year after next—and so
sure is lie that the trouble is on its
way, that he is already weaving a
plan to provide work for those who
will bo thrown out of employment,
and thus ameliorate the panic. He is
certain that the number of men who
will need help will be about 7 , 000 , 000 ,
and when is added to those men the
number of dependents, the total is ap¬
palling. Mr. ’Rockefeller thinks this
vast army of unemployed should be
set to work by the government on in¬
ternal improvements, the building of
new roads. Improvement of old ones,
dredging of streams, irrigating land,
etc. He says;
Vast Plan of Construction.
“There is enough labor today needed
on the public highways to employ all
the idlo or surplus labor for a century.
Tile improvement of the roads, the
dredging streams, and especially of
the Mississippi, where annually mill¬
ions of damage is done by the over¬
flow, the irrigation of arid lands, 1he
preservation of forests and the drain¬
age of the swamps are the great pub¬
lic problems that should he occupying
the public mind. Municipal, state and
national laws should be enacted now
for the building of roads, so that
wlii'ii the industrial storm comes it
.Will not be too lute to breast it.”
, ./fit ‘A
JULES MELINE.
Tt makes no difference whether Mr.
Rockefeller be right or wrong in Ids
forecast of a gathering storm, his plan
i for the employment of surplus labor
is a practical and profitable one and
lita his ntHinmr'ntlon enumeration r\f of Tv»n/1 road 1 building, n 1 11/11 11 tf ri riv¬ v.
er improvement, irrigation, forest pres¬
ervation and swamp draining, as Un¬
truly great national problems is phil¬
osophic. The* work needs to be done,
and eventually It must be done, if the
United States is to progress. Waste
is national loss—waste by flood and
drought as well as waste by fire.
Every acre of land should be made to
The re¬
search and experimentation in agri¬
culture, with a, view to increasing the
effectiveness of tillage; there is no
reason why it should not give counte¬
nance and support to reclamation of
land and the enchancement of the fer¬
tility of land already under culture.
-,t Is the land—the farm, which Is the
pedestal of the republic.
There should be no effort to mini¬
mize the worth of manufactures—
processes that work up the raw prod¬
ucts of the earth into serviceable
forms. The ores from which are ob¬
tained the metals of commerce are as
much a product of the land as corn,
wheat and cotton—not as primarily
important, but quite as necessary to
man in ins present highly organized
social state. It Is difficult to draw
the line between some of the basic j
manufactures and agriculture, for the
iron furnaces and steel mills build the
railroads and bridges which give
farmers a short-cut to markets.
French Statesman Also Predicts
Panic.
Rut the point Is, that where manu¬
factures develop out of proportion to
the growth of agriculture, the world
is being turned wrong Side up. -Mr.
Meline in declaring that the overpro¬
duction of manufactures wifi lead to
an industrial crash, says; “There Is
room for everyone under the sun, but.
on condition of sharing up the good
things of the earth, instead of concen¬
trating upon one department of activ¬
ity.”
does not stand alone as a prophet of
impending evil. Essentially the same
prediction is made by Senator Jules
Meline, once premier of France, a id
a rnan of keen perception, pe net rat >n
and of broad understanding. T Is
stateman says that the crisis wh oh
NO 34
over the revision of the tariff. He de¬
clared that it would be an easy job. f
As Simple as Can Be.
“What would you do with the
tariff?” he was asked.
“Why,” lie replied, "it’s as simple as
can lie. All you have to do is to lower
the tariff on woolen goods and to make
a big reduction in the shoe schedules.
Practically that would satisfy every
one, anti if you did no more the coun¬
try would be pleased.” representative -In¬
The Illinois was
formed that he had been preceded who by
a member from Massachusetts
thought that all that would be neces¬
sary would 'be to put coal, hides and
woo! on the free list.
“Hides on the free list!” exclaimed
the Illinois speaker. “Not while I
have the strength to stay here to fight
it.”
“Now you see what an easy thing it
is to revise the tariff,” said the
speaker. remarked the
“If 1 was Goil,” again would
speaker in his quaint style, “I tariff. I
make some changes in the
would put them into effect before any¬
body knew wliat they were to he made.
’I’lit'ii there would be no unsettling of
business and at least some people
would be happy.”
Question an Absorbing One.
protectionists Wliat alarms so many prominent
is wliat they claim is
the danger of unsettling the business
conditions of Hie country. The the¬
oretical adjust intuit of the tariff ac¬
cording to i.he principles of protection
THE TARIFF PROBLEM.
AND ANTI-REVISION
SENTIMENTS IX WASHINGTON.
Cannon between Two Fires
Question to be a Live One During
the Next Session of Congress.
i; l rather imusi. . to those who
are on the inside m ini- political arena
In Washington to observe the manner
In which discussions of the tariff are
conducted throughout the country. In
an academic way the theories of the
tariff are talked over. But to the men
on whom the real work of revising the
tariff would devolve there are very dif¬
ferent considerations to influence them.
They openly declare that the tariff
ought to lie revised, but they say the
danger to business interests would lie
so great that they fear undertaking it.
They insist: that a struggle over the
schedules would last six months, and
that during Hint time the business In
teresls would he suffering stagnation
that would afflict the country very
sorely.
This view is scouted by the revision
ists as one that lias no standing with
men who believe in doing considerations things. They
claim that if such are
to prevail there never could bo a re¬
vision of the tariff.
So Easy To Revise.
Not long ago the difficulties in
changes in the 1 bugle \
¥ f/T
..........
From the Washington Pori/
"Ordinarily iny experience h,is been that bears were Roosevelt not greatly in Scrib¬ flur¬
ried when / .suddenly came upon them"—Theodore
ner’s for October.
schedules were illustrated by rep
esentatives who called on Speaker
Cannon. It happened that one day
a prominent Massachusetts niemh r
called to Impress (lie speaker with the
asy manner in which the tariff might
be revised. Massaehu
“You see,” declared the
setts member, “we all make too much
over the difficulties in revising the,
tariff. It would really lie very sim¬
ple. We would only have to put tildes,
wool and coal on the tree list and tlie
country would Ibe practically satisfied.
We might, do more, but that would
really be enough. There could be no
difficulty in coming to an agreement
on that merely a matter of a few
weeks.” Intently
The speaker listened
he always does listen to advice. Rut
trailing on tlie heels of the Massac,in
setts member came a
from Illinois who also wanted to re¬
vise the tariff. He started in the
as his in predecessor. ip l|' ' ' o.ro . 11“ thought
altogether too much fuss
livery reader of this paper should have this book.
Cut off the coupon and mail to us with $1.50.
By
Illu. trated Eugene P. Lyle, Jr.
by Published August 1st
Ernest 13TH
Haskell THOUSAND
ALREADY
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DOUBLEDAY, PAGE & CO. ,
133-137 East 16th St., New York. S' f' s) iff
is having very little effect on them,
In find the protectionists <lo not even
care to dismiss that phase of the ques¬
tion. A revision of tlie tariff with the
declared purpose to simply lower the
schedules they say would have the
same effect on the country that, they
claim would follow an attack on
1 he tariff principles by tlie free-trad¬
ers. They claim float merchants would
uni buy goods when lower tariff rates
might still further reduce the price
they would have to pay. That condi¬
tions lasting six months they fear
would upset nli business conditions.
They say tiicy It might mean panic. their
I tilt; are likely to have the
views very forcibly contested by
tariff revsionlsls next winter. The re¬
visionists and Hie men who believe ill
the principles of reciprocity are band¬
ing together to give battle In the halls
of Congress. The citadel is now ills
tinelly In the control of the stand pat¬
ters and It is to be seen wliat power
the revisionists will develop ill contest
ing their ascendancy.