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' PAY of ROYALTY.
What Europe’s Sovereigns Get
from Their Subjects.
Enormous Sums Required For
Them Every Year.
The people of the United States have,
g* nerally speaking, but a vaguo idea of
ffbat it annually costs the people of
Europe to maintain their respective sov
ereigns. The German Emperor heads
the list with a yeany stipend of $8,400 >■
■000 which means, in other words, that
■every man, woman and child of the 47,
000,000 of Germans who inhabit the
Fatherland n--;st pay an annual tribute
of about 18 cents to sustain the dignity
of the imperial crown. The czar of
Russia comes next, with a civil list of
$7 320,000, or a head taxation of nearly
nine cents for each one of his 87,000,
000 of subjects.
The Emperor of Austria, who rules
over 41,900, 000 of people, occupies the
third place, with an annual income of
$4,600,000 raised by means of an in
dividual personal taxation of 57 cents,
for which every inhabitant of the
Austro-Hungarian empire is bound to
pay to assure the personal comfort of
the Emperor and the well-being of the
imperial family.
Queen Victoria receives from the 37,
>000,000 of people which comprise the
population of the United Kingdom a
royal tribute of $3,600,000, that is to
say, that every member of the English,
Scotch and Irish families must con
tribute to the support of Her Majesty
and to that of her offspring to the
amount of 10 cents per head.
With a population of 29,000,000
Italy favors King Umberto with a civil
list which was raised last year to
$3,000,000, or a little more than ten
cents for each individual. Spain, whose
population is about 16,000,000, pays
her baby king $1,800,000 a year, or an
average of over 11 conts per head.
Considering that in all these coun
tries, monarchy is more or less heredi
tary, such facts and figures speak vol
umes and cannot fail to bring home to
the mind of the reader a forcible com
parison between the republican and
monarchial forms of government.
Barring out Queen Victoria, who is
70 years of age, the majority of the
crowned heads of Europe are compara
tively young, and may be expected to
enjoy for many years to come the gener
ous support provided for them by their
subjects. Wilhelm H., the present Em
peror of Germany, is only 29 years old,
but promises to be a spendthrift, as in
less than half a year he has gone through
a large amount of his yearly income.
Alexander HI., the Czar of Russia, is
44 years old, aud ascended tho throne
seven years ago, after the murder of
Alexander II., his father. He lives be
yond his income.
Franz Josef, the Emperor of Austria,
is 58 years old, and during the forty
years in which he has worn the impe
rial crown has doubled his private
debt.
King Umberto of Italy is 47 years
°W. He has occupied the throne for
fourteen years, and, at this hour, is "-aic
to he in debc to the amount of twenty
five million francs.
Abdul Hamid, the Sultan of Turkey,
is 46 years old. He was called to power
twelve years ago. As to his revenues
an d expenditures, they can only be sur
ged, but are known to be enormous.
Louis I. of Portugal is 50 years of age,
and during the twenty years which he
has reigned in the little kingdom he
fit! never ceased plaguing the bankers
of both Lisbon and Paris for more
funds.
King Oscar of Sweden and Norway is
in his 60th year, and although ho has
been a king for over seventeen years he
is not known to have contracted ftny
debts. The same may be said of King
George of Greece, who is now 48 years
°ld and has reigned for over twenty-five
years.
■Alexander Obrenovik, son of cx-King
Milan and present Kiug of Servia, who
is only 14, a nd the little Alfonso
Spain, who is not yet 4 years of age, arc,
in the order of things, the last on
list of European sovereigns whose costly
Maintenance seems an anomaly at the
en d of the nineteenth century.— Mail
an d Express.
The soprano gently laid her head on
basso’s shoulder and went to sleep
and was immediately put out for nap
piug on Becond busa.
SCHLEY COUNTY NEWS.
Old Hyiu–A
Complaint is some imes made that
some of the hymns and Gospel songs of
today lack the spirituality and deep re
ligious sentiment that should character
ize songs of worship, and that did mark
many of the old hymns written by
Doctor Watts and others. While it is
true that some of the most tender ar.l
beautiful hymns in all our hymnody
were written by these old writers, others
are subject to the objections made to
many of our modern songs.
A contributor to the Christian Union,
writing on this subject, quotes some of
the quaint old hymns which, to the
present generation at all events, are not
calculated to arouse religious feelings.
Among them is ono beginning,
“Ye monsters of the bubbling deep,
Your Maker’s praises shout;
Up from the sands, ye codlings, peej%
And wag your tails about 1”
It would be difficult for a congrega
tion of today to sing this without smil
ing, and the one that follows is almost
as amusing:
“The race is not forever got*
By him who fastest runs,
Nor the battle by the people,
Who shoot the longest guns."
A Northern clergyman, during the
civil War, used to say that never until
then had he found occasion or justifica
tion for his personal employment of
David’s imprecatory psalms; a sentiment
which whs no doubt reciprocated on the
other side. The fathers, however, sang
without demur:
“Why dost Thou hold Thine hand aback,
And hide it in Thy lap?
O pluck it out, and be not slack
To give Thy foes a rap!”
There seemed to be little provocative
to devoutness, even though in form
Scriptural, in the paraphrase of the One
hundred-and-thirty-third Psalm:
“’Tis like the precious ointment
Down Aaron’s beard did go;
Down Aaron’s beard it downward
His garment skirts unto.”
But who is there who has not at some
time had his heart touched and been
thrilled by such old hymns as “When I
can Read my Title Clear,” “Am I a
Soldier of the Cross?” “Come, Holy
Spirit, Heavenly Dove,” or “When I
Survey the Wondrous Cross?”— Youth's
Compan ion.
The Most Famous of Evangelists.
Almost every noon the crowd of
young and old men who hurry into
Kinsley’s for a rapid lunch is joined by
a short, stout man with a stubbly beard,
short little nose and small twinkling
eyes. He invariably wears a soft felt hat
pushed well forward over his eyes, and
he has the general appearance of a
shrewd and prosperous salesman in some
wholesale jobbing house. He used to
be this, and was in the boot and shoe
line until he became converted. Now
he is known far and wide as Dwight L.
Moody, the Evangelist. No one who
did not know the man would suspect
him of being an evangelist on seeing
him about town. It is on the to strum
where his force, fire and magnetism
crop out. But he always appears dread
fully in earnest, whether ordering a
plate of corned-beef or appealing to
sinners for repentance. His earnestness
is his success. The other clay he stood
in the hallw'ay aud chatted earnestly for
some time with a well-known business
man. A day or two later it was an
nounced that Moody had purchased the
site for a school, and the well-known
business man’s name was mentioned
among those who contributed the neccs
sary funds. Moody did it with his
little earnestness. — Chicago Herald.
Economy of “Old Ilnteli.”
It is said that the day ‘ ‘Old Hutch”
of Chicago made $1,000,000 on wheat
lie entered a Chicago barber shop and
asked for a shave, This was a few
hours before he made the $1,000,000.
Before tho barber administered the
lather, “Hutch” asked what tho tax
w r as to be. The harbor replied that the
price was 15 cents, ( t Hutch” said 15
cents was too much, but that ho would
give 10. The barber refused to be
knocked down, 60 “Hutch” went across
the street and got shaved for a dime.
Thus encouraged, he went abroad in
the marketplace and shaved wheat
until he made $1,000,000. He is the
king of financial razors. —Boston Globe.
Fixed on Higher Things.
“Wife, you are too vain about that
dress, You should fix your mind on
something higher.”
“I have dear—on a fifty dollar bon«
net I saw in a window today.”
A CHINESE PLAY.
Queer Performance of a Celestial
Company in Chicago.
Outlandish Music, Odd Stage
Settings, Sing Sing Actors.
A. cold collation of delirium tremens,
acute mania, late-dinner nightmare, and
insomnia was served at the Madison
8treet theater last night, says a recent
issuo of the Chicago News. A Chinese
dramatic company was on the boards,
Chinese playing is like Chinese pictures
on Chinese fans. Nothing is like it on
the earth or above it and bad peoplo
hope it cannot be produced under tho
earth.
The company is from Portland, Ore
gon, and many of the costumes arc
elaborately elaborate and doubtless very
expensive. The stage settings were a
queer mixture of costly fabrics and
empty mackerel kegs. No scene-shift
iug occurs. The stage carpenter brings
in or removes the settings in full view
of the audience. The orchestra occu
pie* tho rear part of the narrow stage
and the players enter or retire on either
vide. Tho entrance and exit are the
width of an ordinary door and are
closed by portieres of heavy silk, ex
quisitely embroidered in gold, rich
bright colors, and spangles. The fig
ures are of the fanciful, acute-delirium
style. Nearly all the players enter
by the left stage door and retire by the
right.
In the center of the stage and in
front of the orchestra are three chairs
covered with rich-colored fabrics and
half a dozen clumsy pine chairs whose
backs are as straight as a yard-stick and
at right angles to the seats.
The orchestra consists of about a doz
en instruments. A white-faced celestial
pounds alternately on a frying-pan
stretched over an empty fish-barrel,
which stands on a candle-box, and a
round brass concern fastened to a pine
post. Neither instrument has a particle
of resonance—the one making a noise
more nearly like a cracked cow-bell
than anything else, and the other re
sembling the rattle of half a dozen pairs
of boQjss. Tim operator pounded on his
instruments with pine sticks the size of
drumsticks and half as long. Next the
white-faced son of Pandemonium was
Pandemonium himself. He pounded
with something like a base drumstick
^ a brass gong the size of a wash
tub. The gong was suspended by a
string, and its resonance was deafening,
The operator sat cross-legged and with
out shoes on a stiff-backed chair and
welted tho gong for all he was worth.
The next musician played a squeaky vio
lin ora pair of cymbals as big as a wagon
wheel. Two other players operated on
a long-necked, high-pitchad mandolin
and a banjo the size of a dis’npan. When
the gong man and the cymbal executor
let looec the noise was diabolical, but
fortunately it alternated with the saw
filing of the fiddles. Some melody
was perceptible, but it was repeated
over and over. The musicians also paid
some attention to time.
The orchestra never ceassd itg strains;
neither did the audience. Much of the
speaking of the actors was in a sing-song
tone, evidently a stagger at opera, and
all the recitation was in a high key and
in unnatural, rusty-hinge tones, the
orchestra chipping in a ceaseless accom
paniment low and soft or loud and
fiendish as the spirit moved it.
Two plays or fragments were put on the
stage—one a comedy and the other a
historical drama. Mr. Lee Kee of Port
land attemptod to explain tho plays, but
his grasp on the dictionary was light
and some holes stuck out of his narrative.
He said that the comedy was “The Old
Turned Young,” or “Age Renewing Its
Youth.” The action was slow, and
largely in pantomime. The score or
two of Americans laughed and applau
ded, but the 200 Chinese sat it through
with scarce a smile. Ilip Lung, the
merchant prince, and Moy Tung, with
his wife, her sister and mother, occu
pied the best box. Win Chung Iling
and two Americans had the box above.
La La, the Chinese doctor, with a little
black mustache, was present and went
behind the scenes occasionally. Moy
Kee, with his Chinese wife, and Quong
Lung Iling and family were present.
A Place for Everything.
Rejected Suitor: “Arabella, I am
going to blow my brains out-”
Arabella: “Reginald, please blow
them out on the stoop; our car pat is
hffl nd ww.” r~Epoch.
Preparing Beets for Sugar-Making*
The washing of the beet is a very im
portant operation in the manufacture ol
the sugar, for the roots are thus freed
from mould, small stones, and other
kinds of dirt attaching to them, which
not only saves the machinery employed
in the actual preparation of the beets
from injury, but keeps the sugar ulti
mately obtained free from impurity.
With the mere washing of the beets the
sugar manufacturer is not content; they
are therefore freed from those parts
which are poor in saccharine, damaged
or otherwise undesirable, by a machine
called a carousal.
"Whoa cleaned, the beets are thrown
from tho waslx-barrel into a hopper,
from which they pass into an endless
elevator which carries them to the top
floor, where they are discharged into a
large hopper. They then pass into a
cage which will hold 1000 pounds of
beets and, when this weight is indicated,
the cage empties its load into the cutter
or slicer. The cage and the indicator
enable tho factory people to closely esti
mate the amount of raw material used
each day. It is also a check on every de
partment. It will show any error that
may arise in the receiving or shipping
departments. The slicer is a round iron
shaft, rotating hoiizontallv, and fitted
with steel knives capable of slicing 400
tons of beets in 24 hours. The rotating
knives, which descend upon the beets,
cut them into thin slices, thus exposing
the sugar-cells, which is an important
factor in the diffusion system. The
lower end of the cutter opens into a
wooden trough about two feet square,
on the bottom of which is an
endless belt. As the sliced beets fall
from the cutter, the belt carries them
along to the diffusion tanks .—Popular
Science Monthly.
Cheap Railway Traveling.
The Hungarian minister of commerce
is about to put into practice a new sys
tem of conducting the state railways by
which fares are to be reduced to a point
unheard of in any other country. The
experiment is to be tried first on tho
state line in Transylvania, which is 933
kilometers in length, or over 500 miles.
The fare for the entire distance is now
forty-one florins, or about $20, but it is
intended to reduce this to $3. This
great reduction hai been made from
conclusions Lased upon the tariff on let
ters and packages, and the rate chargel
for human packages is to be graded in
the same manner. It is confidently ex
pected that the scheme will result in an
immense augmentation of traffic and
that under it one will be able to take a
journe/ from one end of the Austrian
empire to the other for no more than
the ordinary cost of an afternoon drive.
The City of Humanity.
One of the most intere- /lug features of
the Paris exhibition is Ifte City of Hu
manity. It is a sort of history of human
habitation, with illustrations, and re
minds one of one’s juvenile days, when
solemn facts of history were given to
us embodied in a pretty little story.
Here there is a goodly choice of every
sort of house, if a very primitive cave
and a roughly-made hut may be included
in that term, together with a Phoenician
house of 1000 years back and the villas
of today. The refreshiug, though ex
ceedingly modern, intelligence that beer
may be had in the Phoenician house
strikes one as a curious solecism. But
the City of Humanity is exceedingly hu
man in the way that it endeavors to
cater for the needs of the inner man.
Time is happily no longer separated;
809 and 1809 are brought equally close
together by the coffee cup or the beer
glass, the roll and butter or tehe biscuit.
Building Nests on the Elevated Road
Notwithstanding the continuous thun
der on the elevated railroads in New
York, the bold sparrows are busy build
ing their nests between its crossbeams
and roadway, right under the reverber
ating trains. In that part of tho Ele
vated Railroad nearest the Thirteenth
Precinct Station, those birds are build
ing by the hundred. When weary from
work they come down to the fountain in
front of the station, take a drink and –
bath, and flock back to their labors re
freshed.
Safety Assured.
Mr. Winks (solemnly) — “A noted
physician says that deadly bacteria lurk
in bank notes, and many diseases, espe
ically small-pr>'., are spread this way.”
Mrs. Winks—“Mercy on us! Give
us all you have, right off. I’ve been
vaccina od, you know .”—York
Weekly.
SCIENTIFIC SCRAPS.
There is an increasing demand for th*
standardizing of all electric light fit
tings.
Sweden and Norway are said to lead
in progress made in telephonic commun
ication.
Comparisons between glass and mica
show that even at high temperatures the
latter is the better insulator.
The French ship Davoust, 3027 tons,
is intended to develop a speed of twent;
knots, with 9000 horse power.
Dr. Siemens vigorously opposes th*
opinions lately expressed as to the inw
perfect durability of cables laid in lea4
pipes armed with iron.
In France they have lately succeeded,
in duplicating Edison's experiments ifc
repeating by a phonograph the word#
emitted by the aid of a telephone.
It has been suggested to abandon th#
term candle power as being already
meaningless and to substitute a standard
affording us an expression for the lum
inosity of radiation.
One Dr. Thenius of Vienna has in
vented a process by which he declares
that good heavy sole leather can be made
from the wood of old red beech trees,
lie has applied for patents.
It is claimed that where the eucalyptus
tree is grown in large quantities entire
immunity is obtained from mosquitoes,
although the air may be thick with the
insects at a comparatively short distance.
The installation of the electric motor
as a means of stationary power is becom
ing more noticeable each year, and esti
mates carefully made rate the number of
those in use at the present time for driv
ing machinery in the United States at
between 6500 and 7000.
It is alleged that almost all the tur
quoises that have been sold during the
past ten years have been cheap imita
tions. They are said to have been man
ufactured by a Persian syndicate, which
has flooded the Nijni-Novgorod fairs
with 100,000 of tho fraudulent stone3.
According to a French astrouomer,
the cooling of the terrestrial crust
apparently goes on more rapidly under
the sea than with a land surface. From
this he argues that the crust must
thicken under oceans at a much more
rnpid rate, so as to give rise to a swell
ing up and distortion of tho thinner
portions of the crust that is forming
mountain chains.
Opium is got by cutting the capsule
of the poppy flower with a notched iron
instrument at sunrise, und by tho next
morning a drop or two of juice has
oozed out. This is scraped off and
saved by the grower, and, after ho has a
vessel full of it, it is strained and dried.
It fakes a great many poppies to make a
pound of opium, and it goes through a
number of processes before it is ready
for the market.
In all cases rain is produced by tho
cooling of tho air, stated Mr. II. F.
Blanford in a recent lecture, and
in nearly all, if not all, this cooling is
produced by the expansion of the air in
ascending from lower to higher levels
in the atmosphere, by what is termed
dynamic cooling. This last fact,
which is now emphasized as it should
be in some popular text-books, was
originally suggested by Espy some forty
years ago, but is only now generally
recognized.
Tin Coffee Pots Healthful.
“Tin coffee pots are as healthful to
use as silver, and they will last just as
long,” said a workman in tin recently
to a reporter for the New York Mail and
Express.
“How are these tin pota made?”
asked th; reporter.
“They put the tin on Russia iron.
The way it is done is to take a sheet of
Russia iron and dip it into red-hot tin.
Upon this molten tin is a lot of tallow,
which cleans the tin and gives it lustre.
If it were not for this tallow the tin
would be all full of little bunches.
Very often wc find tho tin sheets very
greasy when we get them. This comes
from the tallow, Russia iron is the
same material as is used for the body of
a stove. This is usually triple-coated,
sometimes more. The best tin is im
ported. For some reason or other it
cannot be made in this country. The
Yankee tin made here is what we call
cooked tin, and cheap articles are usu
ally made with it, such as fivo-cent
goods. Tin tea or coffee pots must be
well dried after using, and kept very
clean, and they will then be good for a
number of years.