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SIBERIAN EXILES. How Severe Hardships Drive Them to Escape. Ass isted by Nihilists and Re volutionary Agents. iqt was in the spring of 1882,” if rites Coant Nonaikow in the New York Times, “that I wa* exiled to the province of \enesoysiC, in Siberia, there to undergo fifteen years’ hard labor for complicity in the conspiracy to kill the Czar. My companions in misery were ComorolL IvanofI, Popolf, Soukbanin, and five others, all of whom bad received sentences similar to mine, a nd for the same offence. It was while we were in the Moscow' forwarding prison that we made the acquaintance of an old, experienced convict, wno bad made no less than fifteen different attempts at escaping, but each time had been recaptured anl sent back. And y ethe declared himself ready and will inuto make further attempts when the opportunity off;red. “This old prisoner gave us a very in teresting description of the various ways of escaping and of the hardships the poor fellows endured. When a convict plans escape his first object is to secure an axe or hatchet. With this he cu!s branches of trees for the midnight fire which protects him from the wild beasts which infest the forest. He hows down trunks of trees, on which he pad dles across river* and streams, and to so many uses can th s implement be put, that if the convict is force 1 to start without it he manages to beg one at the first village he reaches. It is estimated that at least from 25,000 to 30,000 prisoners yearly make their escape to the forest. These are calle l brodyags (tramps), an l form into parties of from 50 to 100. Each party appoints a starosta, or elder, to whom the manage ment of the party is intrusted. ‘ Many of the exiles escape when passing through a thickly wooded coun try in large parties. The gendarmes, in whose care they are, of course fire cn them, but their aim is so poor that at least seven out of every ten convicts who make the attempt succeed in get tiag away, for the time at least. The exiles who work in the mines are, of course, closely guarded, aud seek es cape by different means. The most common method employed by them is to dig an underground tunnel from their cell to some point beyond the prison walls. But the work is attended with so much danger, and it so difficult to find a moans of disposing of the earth thus scooped up, that it seldom proves successful, and discovery means re doubled misery and plenty of lashe 3 from the knout laid on the bare white back. * ^ nce a member of the Free Com mand and escape is comparatively easy. The Free Command is composed of prisoners who have put in one-third of fheir sentence and are especially noted f or their good conduct, Such mitted arc per to live outside the prison pre uincts, where they construct huts or shanties, and, while still under police illaace, are allowed considerable I heir improved condition ac ,‘ s ^ le,n dhe privilege of working . “* out chains or fetters of anj 1, kind; ^ Cda also hold «ach communication with ol K and it H no uncommon Sl ght to see eight or ten of the Free Mfflmand congregated in one little hut n a inter’s evening. n:ost effectual means of escape ^ ^ ins,rumentalit v I y *he rs Siberi revolutionary agents, who ■ e a armed with forged tS 80 Overly pass j Action executed as to defy by the most zeilou* of the S °thci a la in various disguises, led i J With . ^ Sundance of money. Thtfce J' 'Abated e3 to among prominent politi » enable them to leave the y * A. revolver is also supplied, !Uls L’V < " as 4 * Q °W Of -ed. Thus dis „ 0 representatives of various 1,810 Cu Ii*ngs, they travel from !q„ v ‘ilage, either buying or sell leicct 1,1 Ue:lr ^ r every instance escape dear Once more promt ma l oraes hi Switzerland, f',n 8| hoglund , and the United States. ° X *° WC '^ knows that he will live h’rriblo • hardships e thmka little to endure, but ho of that compared with "'’ 0 freedom ho enjoys. Ho ^someti mes travel days ere he meets fr* tlU8t subsist «. join. In the meantime on the roots aid berries 8CHLEY COUNTY NEWS. which he finds in the forest, The sig nal between reconapitring parties is imitation an of the notes of the cuckoo. II ith what joy the solitary traveler gleets companionship! At night the arodyngs build huge firci in the depth of the forest and amuse tLcniselves by rela'ing vanom incidents of their lives, many of them extremely thrilling. A party of brodyags never lose them elves m the forest, having infallib'c signs by which, they guide their footsteps through the mazis of the wilderness A Irodyag knows when he looks at a tree just in what direction he is goino* ff tiie branches be stunted and with little foli : g-‘. be knows that he is facing the north, Likewise, if lie finds the branches well grown and the foliage abundant, ha knows the warmth of a southern sun ha* kissed them into life. Often for days the brodyag will have nothing better than black bread and salt to eat and nothing but water to quench his thirst, but these arc small matters to him.” Making Nickels anil Pennies. The copper u ed in the manufacture of penn e* is of the very best quality, and is from the Calumet and HeclaMin iug Company on Lake Superior. The metal is shipped in bulk from the mine;, to the factories of Merchant – Co., in Connecticut. There it is rolled and stamped cut in circles of the requisite sir-, These circles are perfectly plain, with the ex ception of the raised or milled edge. At this stage the pieces intended for pennies are as bright as gold pieces, while those intended for nickels re semble highly polished silver, In this condition they are delivered to the mint. Of course, it is absolutely necessary that all the pieces should be of uniform size and weight. The transfer from the factory to the mint is made, and the number of pieces in a package is reckoned by its weight. To find out how many small coins the amount of nickel and copper contracted for at present wilL make, multiply the number of pounds of copper by 100 and the number of pounds of nickel by 70. This calculation will show that the metal now about to be made up into coin will make 35,000 nickels and 100, 000 pennies. One hundred pennies, therefore, weigh exactly one pound. When these pieces reach the mint they are subjected to the finishing pro cess, which consists in stamping them with the denomination, lettering and characters seen on the coins, when they reach the public. To accomplish this great pressure is needed, as the pieces are not heated again after leaving tde factory. , The amount of pressure required is simply enormous, considering the size of the piecn. The copper jsennies re quire a pressure of ten tons avoirdupois, while with the nickel pieces it is neces sary to put on a pressure of from twelve to fifteen tons. —[Philadelphia Enquirer. The Women of Tonquin. Both men and women in Tonqair wear their hair long and twisted up into a kind of chignon on the top of the head. It is, of course, always lanky aud jet black. Their dress is of the most simple kind. The men we;,’.' a loose jacket and trouser*, and the women wear a long, straight shift reaching from neck to heels, The An namito man is a very poor creature, and it is only among the upper classes that one sees occassanally a well-formed or handsome face, with some elevation or dignity of expression. The women are much better looking, and would often be pretty except for the stained mouth and teeth, which renders them horrible to a European eye. But in figure they are much the more favored of any seen in the East, and in the course of a walk in Hanoi, the principal city of the couniry, you may meet a dozen who are straight enough and strong enough and shapely enough to serve a3 a sculptor’s model. Their native dance is a bur lesque of the Japanese, to the accom paniment of a fiddle six feet long.— Washington Star. The Destructive Sparrow. ‘•The day is not ten years distant, ” says a scientist, “when the United States will bo damaged more by its Euglish sparrows than by all the wee vils, cut-worms, crows, blackbirds, rabbits, hawks, fleas, moths, curculio, droughts or floods. lie could not to day Le got rid of for $5,003,000 in cash. lie damaged us last year $25, 000 , 000 .” scientific scraps. About 150 col 01 s ate now ol tained fiom coal tar, which has almost entirely supplanted vegetable and an trad dye*. I)r. Lind*ey of New Haven, Conn., declares that the great number of trees in that c.ty are a constant source of disease. Stccharine enough to take the place of 50)0 tons of beet sugar has now been made in Germany. Tnough not a food and condemned as injurious by eminent medical me i, it is used in the p re pa ra tion of fruits and the production of sweet 1 quors. At a meeting of the Academy of Sci ences of Pans, Prince Albert of Monaco drew attention to the fact that vessels luaning short of provisions might ob tain food sufficient to support life in definitely if provided with apparatus for collecting the surface-swimming forms. Hypnotism is to be elevated into a science. Already a society is being formed in L tudou to investigate its merits and has promise of influential support. So much encourage meal; has, in fact, been given to the movement that a semi- public gathering has been held in Westminster Town Hall to take it into still further consideration. It is now regarded as a settled ques tion that the nitrogen of the atmos phere is fixed in the soil for the use of vegetation by the action of microbes, and that no soil is destitute of these gerni3. It is suggested that the greater development of the microbes by farm yard manures may explain the apparent super.ority of such fertilizers over arti ficial manures theoretically as good. The agricultural society of Franca has been shown by M. Guerin that fresh milk may be easily transported to the most distant place* in a frozen state, the freshness being retained for an in definite period. When thawed, though days and weeks after freezing, the milk is said to equal new for cooking, yield of cream, production of butter and cheese, and in all other respects. Formerly, the principal chemical pro. duct* obtained from seaweed were iodine, bromine, magnesia, and potash salts, but its uses and applications have now become considerably extended, in c'uding, for example, its conversion into charcoal, and into a material for whip handles, and still more recently the curious substance known as algiu has been produce l from it, and is already in use as a stratum for photographic films, and for other purposes. Chinamen as Smokers. The Chinese smoke early and often, and it is as good as a play to watch one of the nobles of China using tobacco. He prefers the water- pipe, and he has a servant who puts the pipe-stem in his mouth, and waits till he has taken half a dozen whiffs before he carries it away again. The smoke comes bubbling through the liquid, and the almond eyes of the Celestial spark'e with enjoyment as (lie nicotine enters his blood. Li Hung Chang smokes in this way, says Frank Carpenter in the Courier-Journ il, and during the interview which I had with him at Tion Tsin, his servant he'd a pipe with a stem at least four feet long to his lipq and lighted it for him at intervals of ten minutes. The great viceroy took about ten whiff* at a time, and then the servant took the pipo away, pulled out its metal bowl, and refilled it with tobacco, bringing it back a little later on to patiently hold it to his excellency’s lip* while he sm deed. The Chinese do not ire cigars nor chew. They have a tobacco much like the American pigtail twist, which they cut up for smoking, and they are largely addicted to snuff. You will find snuff stores in the larger cities, and the ar ticle use 1 is coarsor than the Scotch snuff. The woman smoke, aud not a few of the boys and men are addicted to the use of cigarettes. The average Chinese cigarette is the poorest and cheapest in the world. You can get three of them for one-tenth of a cent, and they are dear at that. Modern Improvements. Real Estate Agent (out West)—“This is the house I told you about.” Eastern Man (anxious to grow up with the country)—“Bather a pretty place! Contains all the modern im provents, does it?” Agent—“Yes, siree. Which will you look at first, the cyclone cave or tho earthquake cella ?”— New York Weekly. EVERY LADY W 4 .NTS a» A SILK DRESS This is your opportu nity. A new de J"lpartnrc. rect from tin-munufao Silks di fj | turers to f Our reduced yon. br in the best prices S'sjSm within g goods as ™ H reach of all. We nro the only manufacturers in m the U. S. selling direct to con m SBnnsers. You take no risk. We 31 fin warrant every piece of goods as represented, or money refund ed. See our re ML ■SIB ferenees. We are the oldest a sa Silk Manufac SSy fiy U.S. turers Establish- in the es^ ed in 1838, with ■ over 50 years’ ex a I perience. We B guarantee the CHAFFEE DRESS SILKS. for richness of m finish color, superior and wear ing jbe unexcelled qualities, to »y I a ny make 'Silks of JBlack in the offer Dress Silks •world. We these in Gros Grains, Satins, Cloths, Surahs, in Faille Francaise and Aida Blacks only. Send us a2c.-stamp (to pay postage) and we will forward you samples of "alt our styles freo with prices, and you can see for yourselves. 0.8. CHAFFEE – SON » « Mansfield Centre, Conn. Windham Refer, by permission, Bank,Dime to Flrr.t National Bank, National Havings Bank, Wil limautic Savings Institute, of WlllimanUc, Conn. ULI nrnm 111 I i rAT LI I wesen<Uooii with each Dress P nr,sor Pattern theu.s. fin 131 I f I I the we BILUUULLu I present buyer with 1000 ’ YardsHev/ingSilk.andenough Silk Braid to bind bottom of dress. THE 600DSSKSSB7–SB THE NEWS (8 PREPARED TO OO YOUR JOB PRINTING. SUCH AxS ROTE HEADS, LETTED HEADS J DEL HEADS, ENVELOPES, CARDS, COMMISSARY CHECKS, CIRCULARS AND PAMPHLETS OB’ AXX. KINDS, NEATLY AND WITH DISPATCH. Subscribe for This Paper \ Brimful of choice reeding nutter for everybody - tfew i$ Time:, Examine this paper and send ua your subscription IT WILL PAY V'MJ! T HIS year season IS in of which THE the BEST to purchase a Black Silk or Satin Dress. It is adapted to so many uses for which ladies require a becoming and handsome dress ; tor house wear, as hostess or guest, make calls, attend church, receptions, wed dings. parties, lectures, amusements and en tertainments of all kinds. A good Black Silk or Satin Dress retains its beauty and fine appearance many years, outlasting and out-wearing half-a-dozen ordinary dresses. A GREAT many are now looking around to see what to give as a BIRTHDAY or NEW YEAR PRESENT. In many cases it is the intention to present the wife of an officer, pastor, or a lady teacher with something handsome, tasty, and beautiful. To all such we say send ns 2-cent stamp and GET OUR SAMPLES and prices, you will soon be convinced that a Black Silk or Satin Dress is just what vou. have BEEN LOOKING FOR. Everybody we sell to is as well sat - isfied as the following parties: Dear Sirs Westport, Kentvcky. May 1,1889. — I received the silk in good order, It is the best and cheapest goods for the money I ever saw. The same goods would sell for per yard in Louisville Ky. The extra quality of the silk, the 10 per cent discount, the silk braid and 1000 yards of spool silk, is certainly a wonderful bargain to offer to tne public. 1 take pleasure in showing my friends the samples and Respectfully, advising them to purchase of you. Miss M. E. GUYTON. Office of Biblical Rf.cohder. ) Messrs. O. S. Chaffee Raleigh, – Son N.C.,Dec. 17,1888.| : Dear Sirs — The package of silk for my wile came safely with it and and soundly plea ed to that hand to-day. She is delighted and von were so prompt generous pliment mvself, with her. and I highly check appreciate for the the com enclose $25.00. With very best wishes, C. T. Bailey. REMEMBER. ( our terms are so liberal that) a Black Silk or Satin Dress when bought direct from our factory is the MOST ECONOMICAL dress made. We guarantee perfect satisfaction or refund the money. 0. S. CHAFFEE –