Below is the OCR text representation for this newspapers page.

THE POCKETKNIFE Many Machines and Processes Used in Its Making. ART IN FORGING THE BLADES. Finer grades of knives nre Riven n "crocus finish"—a mlrror-Hkc surfnco on n lontlior wheel which revolves very slowly, In order tbnt the blades shall not become hen tod and lose their temper. The kulves'nre now tnkon to another room, where, on nn oilstone, tho keen cuttluR cdROs nre "set.” This done, the bindes nre dosed, nnd tho “bull ing wheel" plves the final polish to the outer side.—Philadelphia Record. To Become an Adept In the Delicate Work of Tempering Edge Steel Ne cessitates a Long Course of Training and Years of Experience. The labor of oinking n pockclUnlfe is, ns usual in every industry that Is carried on by the nid of a great deni of machinery, much divided. Bach blade must go through sis separate proc esses—first. forging; second, laying on the "tangs." that part which Is In serted Inio the handle nnd through which the blade Is riveted; third, marking or stomping with the name of the manufacturer; fourth, “cboll- ing." or filing a depression In the neck of the blade between the sharp edge and the heavier part or “tang;" fifth, tempering; sixth, grinding. All this applies to the two ordinary blades of a knife. Nail bindes are sub jected to still another proeess-namely. the cutting of the file, which is a de partment of work In Itself. Should we inspect the material room of a knife manufactory we should find heavy Iron presses, which stamp Out from sheets of brass or iron the metal scales nud lining. The bflgh't tips ou the end of the knife, called "bolsters." nre pressed out of German silver un der another heavy weight, which does its work in one blow. Huge,shears cut from sheets of steel, used only for this purpose, long strips that nre afterward fashioned under a press Into spriugs for the back of the kuife. The rod of steel from which the blades nre made is taken from the ma terial room to the forge. Here one eud is pur into a bed.of hot coals, the bel lows are pumped, and the eud is soon red. The skilled forger then hammers the blade Into shape upon tils anvil, nnd so accurate is his eye and so exact his hand that the blade does not deviate a hair’s breadth from the little brass pattern that Is before him and to which each blade must correspoud ex nctly. Tbe blade is next dipped In wnter and becomes as hard and brittle as glass. Rut the edges are rough. It is nearly uniform In thickness and Is a light gray hi color. Again the forger’s skill Is brought into play In the tempering. Laying the blades on a copper plate over the fire, he watches them as they change their hue with the degree of henL first to straw color, theu to darker straw and now to the dark purple which de notes that the proper degree of heat has been obtained. They are plunged into cold water as fast as they reach this point. If the blades were allowed to remain longer over the fire the steel would change to a light blue and become so soft that the blades could be bent easily. This Is perhaps the most im portant process in the manufacture. The blades are takeu next to the grinding room. The grinder must also depend upon the accuracy of his eye and the training of his hand, for as he presses the blade on the rapidly re volving stone, turning it on both sides and grinding all its edges, he prac tically finishes it. though afterward, in the cutler’s room, a higher finish Is glveu it. From the "wheel room" the bindes go to the cutler's room, where they find the other parts of the knife and •where all the.parts are put together. Each workman here Is at work upon a particular lot of knives, all of one patteru. Upon his work bench are the various parts of the knives, prepared by other bands—the center scales that separate the blades, the outer brass scales of lining, with the German sll ver bolsters, which have been secured to the ends by a heavy drop hammer; the wood, ivory or pearl scales, the springs und the wire rivets. Each brass lluing, with its covering, is put in a vise, and holes nre drilled in It for the rivets. A brass wire is thrust through the middle of the han dle toward the back. This secures the spring, nnd it is theu broken off with nippers and headed down with a ham mer. This holds the scales and spriugs; Another rivet through the bolster se cures ouo blade or two blades if tbe knife, has more than one blade hung at each end. The several parts are now put to gether. The next process Is “ha fting’ or finishing the covers of the handle, which is done on a leather wheel coat ed with glue aud emery. Tho rough edges are rounded aud smoothed, and thei\ the knives are carefully examin ed to see if the cutler has done his work properly. If the spring works easily and the blades close without striking the knives are sent to the blade polisher. On "a wooden wheel covered with fine leather the ordinary blades nre given a polish called^a “glaze finish." BALLET DANCERS. Long Training and a Ceaseless Grind of Hard Work Aro Theirs. The modern imperial ballet schools of St. Petersburg and Moscow are un der government control, forming, with the theaters nnd dramatic schools, n department of the ministry of the court. Pupils, both male aud female, are entered at the early age of ton yeurs—seldom older. After the neces sary nomination has been obtained— by no means an easy matter nowu- days-a stringent examination regard ing henlth.atrength, -beauty of form and natural'gracefulness has to be passed before the Child is. finally ac cepted. From tbe time it becomes an Inmate the whole of its education, secular and artistic, is taken in hand, aud some years of training are neces sary before it Is considered ripe to ap pear in public. The dancer’s life is n ceaseless rotmd of hard work. All. even great artists, wheu at home take regular daily lessons in addition to the dally .re hearsals for the next performance which nre demanded, however-old and wolf known the ballet Thus nn aver age of five to six hours’ diincihg a day is rather the rule than the ex ception. popular ballerinas in demand at charity performances and artistic at homes often dancing ns much as eight hours in the twenty-four. Trained artists are kept to design in every detail of period and subject, tbe dresses, scenery and accessories—a task obviously requiring much imagi nation nnd much knowledge—and often ns many as 150 personages appear on the stage at the same time. Even the orchestra leaders qualify especially for ballet music, having no place in the orchestra at any other time.—London World. THE FOURTH DIMENSION. To Catch a Glimpse of It Just Get De lirium Tremens. The majority of us nre like brutes. We believe but in the reality of things. Science, more hospitable, acknowl edges tho fourth dimension and with It the constant parade before our eyes of things and events ordinarily un seen. The phenomena of delirium tre mens forms a ease in point The shapes which the layman believes the patient only imagines are really seen and are rendered visible through the excitation of the pineal gland, which now is the rudimentary organimf what once was psychic vision. Alcohol stim ulates this gland. The drunkard in his nftercups sees with it the hideousness of shapes which his own hideousness has attracted to him. For they are there, or. rather, they nre here, about us in the fourth dimension, precisely ns there are other shapes ns gracious these are revolting. Only ordi narily we do not see them. There are. though, those who can and do, and without being drunkards either. Thinkers as sober as Jevons nnd Babbage go a bit further. -They will, if you let them, tell you that whatever occurs In the privacy of a room re mains photographed in iL A mere extension of this enables oculists to say that nothing hns ever occurred anywhere which is not also photo graphed: that in the ether above us is the great picture gallery of tbe world. In India, at Adyar, the chief lieu of theosophy, this gallery is constantly being studied. The results, occasion ally bizarre, are sometimes trivial. It has been found that Herbert Spencer was Aristotle; Gladstone, Cicero; Ten nyson. Ovid.—Edgar Saltus in Forum. ' A GRANITE BOMB. .Jack Frost Hurled it Down Into tho Yosemito Valley. Pellente frost trnciugs on the win- flow panes seem to be the work of fnn- t’lful and harmless sportIveness, but the hand that forms them Is capable of greater deeds trad of other kinds'. Mr. J. Sin on ton Chase, in “Yohemite Trails.’’ describes an experience that must have been wonderfully Impres sive to the spectator. Hu hud been spending some weeks In exploring the Yosemlte valley trad the "great rocks," like El Capitan. that wall it tu. Standing one day of late autumn about tlte middle of the valley. 1 was startled by a report like a cannon shot which filled the whole valley with echoes that roared aud boomed, re plied trad multiplied, iu a long contin ued, glorious tumult. As tbe deafening sound died away in sullen mUtterlngs under the vizor of El Capitan 1 was able to distinguish tbe point of attack by the long, clat tering descent of a vast quantity of rock. Tbe nlgbt had been a cold one In] the valley, and on the seven to eight thou sand foot levels of the upper rim the temperature must have dropped al most to zero. Frost, working quietly with his Archimedean lever, had just succeed ed in shifting from the shoulder of the sentinel n trifle of fifty tons or so of-gtnnlte. For near a thousand feet the bowlder fell sheer, swift nnd si lent; then, striking the cliff, it burst like n bomb, shattered into n myriad flying shards nnd splinters and dis lodged n smother of fragments that trickled dovs^i to the valley in a stream that-lasted for minutes. Theh from the spot where the bowl der had struck dust began to rise into tbe sunny air. slowly building up und burgeoning like a summer cloud nnd every whit ns snowy. It was the flour of granite, powdered instantaneously by tbe terrific shock. GOWNS AND OMENS. Odd Superstitions That Darken the Dressmaker’s Sh'op. "Women who wear fine drosses are as superstitious ns the girls who make them." said a dressmaker. "If the lit tle accidents that happen In the work room were not mercifully concealed from tbe owners of rich gowns they would be sick with apprehension half the time. 1 had one customer who re fused to accept a very expensive dress because a girl who assisted with the fitting dropped a pair of scissors, which fell point down and stuck in the floor. That meant an order for mourning within six months. The cus tomer hoped that by refusing the hoo doo dress she could avert the calamity, but the precaution was useless. In less than three months her father was dead. "Girls are especially particular in their work oh wedding dresses, for if a tiny drop of blood from a pricked finger should fall on the gown the bride would surely die before the eud of the year. Then there is green thread. Whether the customer is there to see it or not. no dressmaker will keep green thread near spools of an other color. Green thread used for basting means the return of a dress for alterations, and there is enough trouble of that kind In a dressmaking establishment without deliberately bid ding for it "Women who are themselves super stitious are never surprised or offend ed at a sewing girl’s untidy coiffure. The girls tumble their hair about on purpose when working on a large or der. for it is a sacred belief among dressmakers that a hair Inadvertently worked lut0 the garment shows that more work is coming soon from the same customer.”—New York Sun. Opened His Eyes to the Future. “Dickie, I'm awfully sorry you use tobacco. 1 don't like it. aud mamma simply loathes it. Will you stop when we ure married?” "Isn't that asking a lot, dearie?’’ asked Dick. "I wouldn’t care for myself." an swered the girl, "hut you know it makes mamma deathly sick." "Well, then," he promised cheerfully, “I'll tell you what I'll do. I'll never smoke when your mamma is with us." She threw her nrms around him. "Durliug," she murmured, "that's so good of you: I was afraid you'd in sist on smoking once iu awhile after we were married!"—New York Globe. , , Expert Advice. The prison turnkey found the two cellmates deeply engrossed. One pored over the market reports of a ■ news paper and figured .on the margin with a pencil. His cellmate sat expectant. “Bill.'’ said the mathematician at last, "you could. make $34 a night Bteulln’ hogs in Iowa."—Success Maga zine. . .... . A Hospital Nurse’s Hands. As an example of trademarks have you ever noticed the hands of the hos pital nurse? The soft white hand which in fiction is occupied in cooling fevered brows does not exist and could not It is a skilled hund, but its work makes it rough and chapped. Try bathing your hands in disinfectants twenty times a day and you will find that, look after them ns you may. they will soon be seamed with cracks, which an east wind often turns to bleeding cuts. And as they are work ed hard for some twelve or thirteen hours n day the nurse takes a some what larger size in gloves than most women. If you ever see the pll0t0 ‘ graph of a hospital nurse you may ob serve that she prefers to keep those hands behind her hack.-London Chron icle. ; An Afterthought. "Ye-es,” remarked a young husband at breakfast, "these biscuits are pretty good, but don’t you think there ought to be a little more”— “Your mother made them,” interrupt ed the wife quickly. -"of them?" ended the husband, with a flash of inspiration. Man is his own star, and that soul that can be honest is the only perfect man.—Fletcher. Your Dollars Will Stretch In a way that will most agreeably sur prise you when you buy your groceries at WHITE & STRINGER'S. This be cause we can buy closer than anyone else, and consequently can sell cheaper, while the quality of our goods are al ways better. The Machine Everyone Buys H. M. Ashe Company, Southern Dealers Y. M. C. A. Building, ATLANTA, GA. Cow Hides Wanted I pay the highest cash prices for hides. Bring them to me. Green hides bring you. more money than flint. See me before you sell your beef cattle. Milk cows bought L and sold. G. D. REDDIDK, _ THE MARKET MAN. [I A Poor Recommendation. “He means well," she said. “Say no more,” he replied. “I know now exactly what sort of a fool he is." —Detroit Freo Press. Longest Family Tree. The biggest family tree in the world is believed to be the one which traces the genealogy of Queen Elizabeth back to King David and thence to Adam, or nt least ns near to Adam as one could get The coat of,arms Is given in . almost every case, with full par ticulars of the dates of births and deaths. The labor of providing coats of nrms is abandoned before Methuse lah’s time, but the chart measures forty-five feet and certainly does take one through a maze of nobility. The Iron Cross. Tbe Tron Cross, an order of knight hood, was established by Frederick William III. of Prussia In March, 1813. The order was founded in order to honor patriotic bravery in the war against France. It was revived by Emperor William l. during the Frnnco- Prussian war and awarded by him to his son for his great victory at Wis- sembourg on Aug. 4. 1870. Later on the order was bestowed most gener ously. some 40,000 persons being deco rated between 1870 and 1872. That endless book, the newspaper, Is our national glory. — Henry Ward Beecher. J. R. SINGLETARY, Attorney-at-Law. Cairo, ... Georgia. Consultation fees reasonable. Practice in Suporior Court, Court of Appeals and Supreme Court. Officein Judge’s Chamber, Court Huose ©JC3JJEK- you are in a HURRY | Send oi telephone to our gar- <§ age and we will come after X you in one of our easy riding SI Automobiles ! I and carry you anywhere you i ! want to go. ^ Tell-the-Fone 119 jjj ( Copeland & Crosby | Cairo, Ga. 1 W. J. Willie Attorney-At-Law Will Practice in all Courts, State an lederal.^ Collections a specialty. Office in L. B. Powell build ing. Phone 73. - - CAIRO, GA The Citv Pressing club is run white trade only. Others need t apply. If you will have any collard seed for sale this season it will likely pay you to see me before selling. W. H. Robinson, 44tf Cairo, Ga. You can be Safe if you lei us cl o your printing you will be safe. We make your sorry by the trial.