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THE CAIRO MESSENGER. FRIDAY, MARCH 18, 1949.
George Makes A
Notable Speech
Georgia's Senator
Defends Right To
Unlimited Debate
Southern senators have now
,
won the fight against the gag
rule which would prevent un- 1
lmited debate in the U. S.
ate by a two-third vote of those
present. The Senate has always
had the rule which said* a sena
tor could talk as long as he want¬
ed to any issue; but President
Truman was trying to change
that in order to bring up and
pass his civil rights bills. Sena¬
tor Russell of Georgia led the
fight, and one of the first to
speak in favor of the so-called
fillibuster was Senator Walter F.
George. He delivered a thought¬
ful and able address, which de¬
serves the attention of a wide
audience. Following are signi
cant parts of that speech:
Mr. President, I think this a
memorable debate. Of that I
have not the slightest doubt. No
one has the capacity to look very
for into the future; but the is¬
sues here arlsed and the meth¬
ods here adopted are bound to
have repercussions hereafter. It
is simply inevitable. Immedi-i
ately the work of the Congress
is slowed down, because it is im¬
possible to attend committee
hearings and to conclude hearings
and to conclude committee hear¬
ings which are in their final
stages, and also meet the demand
to Ibe present on the floor at all
times. So, Mr President, I am
conscious of the fact that this
is a memorable debate. No man
can quite see at this time the re¬
cults which may flow from it.
I wish to begin my address
with a further statement. In my
judgment the ordinary rules of
parliamentary procedure do not
end should not apply in the Sen¬
ate of the United States. I know
that the Senate is a legislative
body in part. I know that it must
handle legislative matters which
come from the House, or which
originate here and go to the
House. But the Senate is a dis¬
tinct institution within itself, a
continuing body, only one-third
of the membership of the Senat*
being elected every two years.
It is not a body which expires.
Its primary function is not legis¬
lation in the strict sense. Its
primary and main function, in¬
deed, in certain important mat¬
ters, partakes of the nature of
conference and negotiation be
ween sovereignities.
Be it remembered, Mr. Presi¬
dent, that the Federal Govern¬
ment did not create the States.
On the contrary, the States creat¬
ed the Federal Government. They
gave it all the power it has, ex¬
cept such power as has subse¬
quently been given by the peo¬
ple under amendments to the
Constitution, or certain powers
which perhaps have resulted, let
us say, from unavoidable decis¬
ions of the courts of the land.
Not only is the Senate a con¬
tinuing body, but under the Con¬
stitution the Senate is to be com¬
posed of an equal number of
Senators—two—from each State,
wholly without regard to the
population of the State, wholly
without regard to the ratio of the
population of the State to the
total papulation of all the States.
Not only is that so, but under the
Constitution no State can be de¬
prived of its equal representation
in the Senate save by its own
consent—not by a two-thirds
vot,e not by the majority that is
always infallible, in the judg¬
ment of many of our good friends
Bring US Your
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Phone 220
here; but no State can be depriv
ed of equal representation in the
Senate, c , save , by its own consent. .
In other words the Constitution
cannot even be amended short
ci a revolution in regard to that
provision which gives to the Sen
ate a distinct character.
Now let us suppose; if we can
do so, that before the formation
of the Constitution the several
States which formed the Union
had met in conference to decide
some important matter affecting
of them, and let us suppose
that someone had suggested a
limitation on debat. How long
would that conference have
ech under those circumstances?
The representatives of those
States would have marched
and there would have been a
solution of the whole effort to
reach any agreement whatever,
Let me say to the distinguish¬
ed Senator from Connecticut (Mr.
Baldwin) that Senator Frank
Brandegee, a Senator from Con¬
necticut from 1905 to 1924, in a
debate in the Senate some years
ago very nearly covered this
whole case when he made this
statement:
Mr. President, I look at this
right to debate not as a
much less a privilege, which we
are conferring upon ourselves as
a matter of favor. I look upon
it as a right which attaches to
‘he soverign State of this
each of which is represented here
by two Senators, and whose sole
methods of putting its case be¬
fore the people of the United
States and before this body is
through the voice of its two Sena¬
tors.
So I say that this is the forum
of the States. This is a federated
Government, in which the States
reserved the right of equal suf¬
frage in the Senate of the United
States, and made that the only
provision of the
which never should be subject
to amendment
Yet, Mr. President, Senators
here debate whether we should
adopt a rule which will shut off
debate by a so-called constitu
tional majority or by an actual
majority and before this debate
ends, the Senate will have an op
portunity, no doubt, to vote upon
such a proposal. It we begin the
whittling - away process, we may
be certain that we shall whittle
away the subs 4 ance of the rights
i f the States in a federated
with respect to many of their
most important functions and
powers.
Mr. President, our Constitution
leally understood, if there was
any principle ever practiced by
government anywhere which
they thoroughly despised, it was
‘he doctrine of absolutism. We
can have absolutism in a legisla¬
tive body; we can bring about an
absolutism in the Congress, if by
a gag rule and by whittling away
the rights of the representatives
of the States to be here heard and
here make themselves felt, we
reduce this body to the level of a
u THE MAKING OF A
FIRST-CLASS CITIZEN"
OUR BANK used to be young. We still try to stay
young in spirit and to stay young we are always deeply
interested in the youngsters of Cairo and Grady County
. . . youngsters that will some day be our "CITIZENS."
We like for young people to come in to see us. A
large number of our accounts are made up of young peo¬
ple with an eye open to the future of City and County. If
you are not one of these "youngsters," we invite you to
come in and visit us and let's get together and start
planning for greater days to come.
ITIZENS A o -r •: BA l#
CAIRO, GEORGIA
"AT THE SIGN OF THE CLOCK"
Member Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
i simple legislative body, with no
power except that of a simple leg
i islative body ' and without any ne
cessity to , do because there ., are
I so,
on jy gg Senators, and that is not
an unreasonably large number
[0 confer to gether and to de -
(bate at great iength on any sub -
ject of importance.
Senate Resolution 15 is a grant
,power. It is a grant of power
t 0 s t op de bate or to foreclose re
stance so as to bring before this
, bod y any measure the propon
I en t 3 0 f which wish to bring before
0 f_ of course we must assume,
___ ... ...........- . — . ......... —
*
MIZELEL S
"A GOOD DRUG STORE"
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We list only a few items.
$1.00 TUSSY WIND & WEATHER LOTION 50c
$3 TUSSY BEAUTY PLUS FACE CREAM $1.50
REVLON ACQUAMARINE LOTION -go
REVLON NAIL POLISH o*> c-s
TWEED DUSTING POWDER
TWEED COLOGNE -
ELIZABETH ARDEN BATH P0 Blue Grass $1.09
ELIZABETH ARDEN PERFUME Blue Grass $1.75
j
LUC1EN LELONG COLOGNE. Indiscreet $1.50
TABU DUSTING POWDER - - 1. Cn
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j H0UBIGANT PERFUME, Chantilly 1. C-n
j HELENA RUBINSTEIN COLOGNE H S lY $1.00
C0RDAY-T0UJ0URS MOI-PERFUME CVJ . cn 0
| $1.00 YARDLEY FACE CREAM, $1.50
any two
j
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You will love the new Flying Colors for Spring and
Summer.
COME TO SEE US OFTEN
YOU ARE ALWAYS WELCOME
Mizell Drug Co.
"A GOOD DRUG STORE''
as has been said by a distinguish
t d Senator on a previous
casion when the oc.
the rules of amendment of
tne Senate was und
er consideration, that a grant of
power will be used. It ma y be uj.
cd many times in such a way
not to result in as
unnecessary harm
to the freedom of full debate.
But it may be used on occasion
in a wey to do a great deal of
harm. If we grant the power, We
assume its use; and ultimate! y it
will be used, and ultimatel y it
will also be used to perpetrate
great a
wrong.