Newspaper Page Text
sin ffijtrrs ixim
His Monthly Talk to the Farmers of
the Stale of Georgia.
EEVIEW OF THE CROPS.
Corn and Oats Badly namagmd fur
B ant of Ilaln —Wheat Doing Fairly
Well—Cotton Somewhat Bate.
Other Farming New,.
Department of Agkiculturr,
Atlanta, July 1, 1894.
A GENERAL REVIEW OF CROF3 AND CON
DITIONS.
Up to the middle of J une the belated
crops over the entire state, already re
tarded by the unprecedented cold, were
suffering and drying up for want of
rain and the parching winds, which
prevailed over a large area, but added
to the gloominess of the situation. Had
this condition been confined to one sec
tion there would have been loss reason
for apprehension, but the cry of distress
from all quarters gave rise to the most
anxious forebodings. The refreshing
rains, unaccompanied by the destructive
storms so widely predicted au 1 expect
ed, commenced about the middle of
June, and though at first very partial,
we hope they are not too late to save a
large part of the corn crop in the south
ern part of the state, and certainly in
time to rescue that crop in the middle
and northern sections. Cotton, with its
almost marvelous powers of recupera
tion, may recover from the varied disas
ters to which it has been subjected, and,
with propitious seasons, a fair crop may
yet be realized.
The small grain crops are much in
jured. Fall oats, which were at ono
time mostpromising, have been seriously
cut oft. The spring crop is practically
a failure, and the yield from wheat is
much reduced. In some exceptional
cases the preparation was very thorough.
On such lands these crops show com
paratively little effect of the long
drouth, and the yield is all that could he
expected. I have in mind a field of
corn which, through a drouth of siveral
weeks' duration, has scarcely shown a
twisted blade, and has maintained a
healthy growth and color which, in
comparison with adjacent fields, seemed
most remarkable. On inquiry 1 find
that the preparation of this land was
exceptionally thorough, ami during the
long dronth the roots, instead of drying
up too near the surfnce, have gone as
deep as possible into the mellow bed,
thus obtaining the requisite fool anil
moisture for the rapidly growing plants.
This Is but another confirmation of
David Dickson’s assertion, that with
thorough preparation and manuring, a
corn crop can be made with one good
rain. The corn in question has never
had a soaking rain since it came ont of
the ground until the splendid season of
the middle of June, which places it be
yond the possibility of ordinary disaster.
The general corn crop is backward, es
pecially to the north of a line drawn
east and west through the center of the
state, but
CORN
must be laid by this month. Unliko
ootton, it must mature in a certain
period, failing in this, we have no means
of remedying the defect, an I the result
is disappointment in the yield.
Just now all the energies of the plant
are directed to the development of the
ear, and should not be diverted to the
repair of useless and ill judged root
cutting. The plow should cut evenly
and smoothly, not more than two inches
below the surface, leaving the roots nti
dieturhed to perform their perfect func
tions.
Where commercial fertilizers were
used (he long drouth has been peculiar
ly injurious,for without sufficient moist
ure, this prepared plant food is unavail
able, and in many cases the corn had
passed the critical period of develop
ment, before the rains came to unlock
the stores, of which it stood so much in
need. In cases where the fertilizer was
used with composts of different kinds,
the beneficial effect of the moisture ab
sorbing hutnns can be plainly seen, and
indeed if we desire to secure the full
benefit of any commercial fertilizer, the
safest plan is to use in conjunction with
composts. By this plan a small amount
of the fertilizer can be made to do
double duty and with far more certain
ty than if applied alone.
It would make a wonderful difference
on the credit side of our yearly accounts
if not one pound of fertilizer was ap
plied except by composting. To prepare
lor this, it is necessary to begin now.
July marks a pause in the agricultural
rush of the past several weeks, and be
fore the heavy duties of gathering and
housing the made crops and preparing
and seeding for the fall grain begins, we
can look around and take the initial
steps towards accumulating
MATERIALS FOR COMPOSTING.
During wet spells or at odd times,
when other work is not pressing, much
can he done in this important branch of
our Industry. Where this work runs all
through the year, it is astonishing, not
only how much is saved, but how much
is actually gained from the ordinary
“waste products” of the farm. Of
course If it is left to the last moment or
receives only careless or spasmodic at
tention, we cannot expect certain or en
couraging results, but if a settled and
intelligent plan is followed, with a
steady aim iu view, the universal testi
mony i» that it pays better than any
other investment on the farm.
The lot and stalls should be
well littered with leaves and woods
earth, which in turn should not be
thrown out loosely to the injurious ac
tion of all weathers, but thrown into
compact well built heaps, or better still,
put under shelter of some kind. If
well managed the compost heap is in
deed the farmer’s gold mine, from
which he can expect much more cer
tain return than is ordinarily vouch
safed to the bona fide gold digger. We,
as farmers, should study this question
of manures in all its phases; of feeding
to produce manures of highest quality,
of composting, of protecting and pre
serving, of applying for greatest yields.
A farmer can so manage that after
be has succeeded in producing composts
of the highest quality, their most val
uable constituents are lost, either by
improper methods of handling or by
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tution. Only Sl.oO for both papers.
iQr” Aow is the time.
Scientists bel ; eve that Nebraska,
Kansas, and a part of the Indian Ter
ritory are situated over an underground
sea.
Remember Kuhn, the Atlanta pho
tographer has no superior.
mistaken modes of application. Ex
periments at the various stations, no
tably at New York, show mns very
thorough interoHting work in this line,
which throws much light in questions,
which we have neither tjmo nor moans
to elucidate for ourselves.
- COTTON
has greatly improved. The hot suns
and the opportune rains during the last
days of June have revived the sickly,
drooping plants, and though in some
exposed situations the frost, combined
with the subsequent heavy winds and
protracted droutn, almost destroyed the
••.stand,” the plants that remain are,
in the majority of cases, in a healthy,
vigorous condition. All that is neces
sary now is to keep the upper soil con
stnitly stirred. Never allow a crust to
remain on the surface. The crop being
so much later than usual, the object of
present cultivation should bo not to en
courage weed growth. A good plan is to
plow every alternate row, using a swe ip,
iuvl scrape or extended cultivator, thin
after a few days, roturn and plow the
rows which were loft. This practically
stirs the entire surface and gots a double
benefit from a given amount of work.
CROPS WHICH CAN HE PLANTED THU
MONTH —CORN.
It is too late to plant corn on poor up
land. But on rich upland, or on damp
bottom land, by using an early maturing
variety, wo can plant up to the middle
of July. If intended for forage, the
seedcui.be putin as late ai July 20,
and with ordinary siasoua, tha re
sults will be satisfactory.
POTATOES
can be sat out nil t rough tho month.
The late planted slips make smoother
potatoes and of better keeping qualities
than those planted earlier. The main
care, after the vines begin to cover tho
ground, is to prevent them from taking
root between the rows, an 1 this is es
pecially important with the la.e plants 1
slips.
RUTABAGAS.
Where desirable, and the so.cons are
suitable, it is well to prepare this crop
during the present month, the land
being put in fine tilth and highly
manured. Phosphates are required
more especially, with a smaller propor
tion of nitrogen and potash. The early
sowing can begin during the latter part
of tho month, and us soon as the plants
are up, dust with dry ashet to prevent
the depredations of their insect enemies.
SORGHUM
for forage can still be planted. Cows,
mules anil hogs are fon l of it, and it is
a cheap and healthful food. For seel,
the eurly amber is best, became, on ac
count of its smaller stem, the whole
plant, stem, loaves and Seed can bo
utilized.
PEAS.
So much has been said and written as
to the value of the pea crop, not only us
feed for our stock, but as a renovator to
our lands, that it seems scarcely neces
sary to revert to this subject, but it is
of such vital importance that I must be
pardoned for presenting a few ad
ditional facts, and ior again urging
farmers to put in as large a crop as pos
sible. A peck or a half bushel to tho
acre, sown broadcast in the corn and
covered by the last plowing, will, with
ordinary seasons, give a fair stand, and
if planted before the middle of the
month, will usually mature seed. For
forage, the plantings can continue until
the last day.
Where practicable, the oat and wheat
stubble should be turned and the peas
harrowed in. Experiments at onr sta
tion show that the gain is greatest where
the crop is harvested and cured for hay,
and the stubble, with its accumulated
nitrogen, turned under. As a prepara
tion for the full grain crops, nothing
lias boon found to be as valuable
ns a crop of peas sown broadcast,
The hay takeu off and the stubble
turned under. If in combination with
this fertilizer is used, tho yield from
both crops, peas and grain, is very ma
terially increased. The following from
series of experiments for four years, at
tha North Carolina station, shows the
value of p ias as a fertilizer for wheat.
The figures shows the gain per acre in
each case. Mark the tact, that with
cotton seed meal tho yield was dimin
ished rather than icreased. The in
crease of the crop from:
Peavinos. Increase.
Bushels.
With no fertilizers 9 US
With 800 pounds kainit 16.46
With 800 pounds acid phosphate.. .16.81
With 175 pounds acid phosphate,
87.5 pounds cotton seed meal, 87.5
pounds kainit 14.67
With 800 pounds cottonseed meal. 7.88
Push the fattening
HOGS
as far as possible, let them have the
run of the grain fields before the peas
are sown. When taken from these see
that they have plenty of succulent food.
The loss of the fruit crop is a serious
inconvenience, but the need of this
wholesome food can be, in a great
measure, supplied by refuse vegetables,
sorghum and other forage crops.
PLANTING FOR FALL CROPS.
Land now unoccupied, intended for
fall crops, has a spontaneous growth of
grass and weeds. To get it in satifac
tory condition for clover or grass,
plant peas in the drill and cul
tivate. This will exterminate the
weeds, and the peas will furnish both
hay aud manure. Turu under the stub
ble early enough to harrow and rqll the
land in time for the clover or grass, and
we have a seed bed in which it will
llourish.
FALL OATS.
Don’t put off sowing oats until spring,
the risk is too great, but begin in time
to prepare for tne much more certain fall
crop, and resolve to sow early. The
fields from which the peavine hay has
been taken vill be ready, and Septem
ber is none too early to begin the sow
ing.
To sow in the cotton field is also a
good plan. The Appier variety is among
the best, resists rust, is early and pro
ductive. Secure seed in time and begin
at the first practicable moment.
FALL IRISH POTATOES.
This crop is attracting attention, from
the fact that the potatoes can lie loft iu
the ground all the winter and dug as
needed, and the southern grown fall
crop furnishes even better tntiers for
j tpring planting than the eastern grown
s el, which have so long monopolized
the market. ~ly attention was attracted
to this fact last year, and I determined
to try the experiment. Tiie seed pot a
; toes were selt- ;ted at the time of gath
! ering onr sp 'ng grown crop in July,
ihoso of the smaller medium size being
chosen. These were allowed to dry iu
BLACK-DRAUGHT tea cures Constipation
Car load of the fatuous Tennessee
*. agous just received by Turuipseed
iio-., Hampton, Ga.
J.T Ad vertisitig brings success.
Tlio peopde quickly recognize merit,
and ibis is the reason the sales of
II cod's Sarsaparilla are continually
increasing. Hood’s is “ou top.”
See Kuhn, the Atlanta photographer
for best aud cheapest pictures.
the shade, and were then bedded ex
actly as we tied sweet potatoes in the
spi'ng, except that no heating manure
was used at the end of two weeks, these
potatoes were examined, and those
which showed no indication of sprout
ing were rejected, the others were
planted whole, in the same manner as
spring potatoes, the bed was mulched
with pinestraw, and in a few weeks
there was an almost perfect stand. Not
withstanding the very severe winter,
wo had fresh potatoes from this lied
until time to plant again in March.
Whon the bed was plowed up for the
spring planting, the medium potatoes
were again selected, but instead of dry
ing, were planted immediately along
side the eastern grown varieties. The
home raised potato ‘8 were planted
whole. The eastern wero cut as u.m i!.
The protracte 1 drouth has greatly re
duced the yield, but up to tho time that
it began to injuriously affect both plant
ings, the home raised plants kept
pace in appearance and bearing quali
ties with their neighbors. At the pres
ent writing, though we have had re
freshing rains, they catne too late to
benefit the dried up plants.
It is maintained by the advocates of
this new industry th it plants from
southern grown seed can lietter with
stand drouth. The present instance has
been a fair test of this statunent, and a
fair conclusion may be formed when
the respective yields are measured. Fi r
planting this crop in the field on a larger
scale and for winter protection, there
are full directio is in last month’s ro
port in the inquiry column.
R. T. Nesbitt.
-for the manyi of tin: nations-
Botanic Blood Balm
J? TIIK (JURAT SOUTHERN RKIIEDY FOR
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the blood, and never fails
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; BLOOD AND SKIN DIS
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J3I lowed. Thousands of grate-
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and attest its virtues.
nrWRITE for Book of Won
derful Cures, sent free on ap
|J plication.
If not kept by your local druggist,
send fi.oo for large bottle, or $5.00
for six bottles, and medicine will be
sent, freight paid, by
It LOO D BALM CO., Atlanta, fia.
Rootbeer
makes the homo ctrrlo complete. This
Kreat Temperance Hrink gives pleas
ure and health to every member of too
family. A 250. package makes 5 gal
lons. He aura and get the geuulca.
Fold everywhere. Made only by 1
The Chas. E. Hires Co., Philada.
Hoad Sa wDi’jp frr beautiful Pjjture Oarrij nr , Hot
The Georgia Midland &
Gulf Railroad,
'Flic Mule si ml 4’oinforl**
ul>l l* Itoiilc.
Schedule in effect June 11, 1894.
NORTH BOUND
Mixed Paasg’r
Passg’r daih ex. feuuday
daily. Sunday, only.
Lv. Columbus 7:10 an» 5:00 pm 3;ospm
Wavedv Hall 8:01 “ 5:53 “ 3:58 “
Oak Mountain 8:1 ‘2 “ 0:03 “ 4:08 “
Warm Springs 8:41 “ 0:35 “ 4:39 “
Woodbury 9:00 44 0:57 44 5:01 44
Concord 9/27 “ 7::28 44 5/29 44
Williamson 9:14 “ 7:17 44 5:47 “
Ar. Griffin 10:0<K“ 8:05 44 0:07 “
Atlanta C H.U.I 1.30 “ 8:05 “
McDonough 9:*22 “ 0:07 44
SOUTH BOUND
Lv McDonough 6:30 am 8:15 am
Atlanta C.R R 4:00 pm 7:30 44
Griffin 5:30 44 0:16 “ 9:05 44
Williamson 5:47 44 0:33 44 9:23 41
Concord 0:00 44 o:s** 44 9:44 44
Woodbury 0:34 4 * 7/20 44 10:13 “
Warm Springs 6: 5 4 4 4 7:1 1 44 10:3 4 4 ‘
Oak Mountain 7/45 44 8:1 3 44 1 1 :05 4 *
Waverly Hall 735 44 8/23 44 1 1 :15 44
Ar Columbus 8/25 44 9:15 44 1*2.0y pm
for tickets and see that ibev
read via tho Georgia Midland and Gulf It. It.
CLIFTON JONES,
M. E. GRAY, Sup’t. Gen. Pass. Apt.
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B, B. CAIMIOIIIL
I keep anything in the way ot FURNITURE.
Bureaus, $5.50 up. Full Suits irom $8 to $50.00.
Sets ot Chairs from $2.50 to $12.50. Beds lrom
$1 .75 up These are but a lair sample ot my prices.
Everything in UNDERTAKERS’ GOODS
from a fine metallic or cloth covered case down to
the cheapest coffin at $2.50. Full line of robes al
ways in stock. Special arrangements with one of
the best embalmers in Atlanta when desired.
Special attention to Lumber and other Build
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McDonough, Georgia.
TURNIPSEED * BROS.,
Successors to VV. W. Turnipseed,
MANUFACTURERS OF AND DEALERSIN
1,
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Nothing but. first class work and best material in every
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Repairing in all its branches neatly and promptly done.
Give 11s a call when needing anything in our line, and we
guarantee satisfaction in evesy department. Rospt’ly,
TURNIPSEED BROS., Hampton, Ga.
N. B.—We have a nice Hearse for our Undertaking business.
CO TO
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PLUMBERS, STEAM AND GAS FITTERS.
Galvanized Iron Cornice Work a specialty. Write or call
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