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feEKSY CO. WEEKLY.
j. A. tOl t UK, Editor.
Enter* d at the postofflee at McDonough
U.t, os second-class mail matter.
Payment for legal advertisements
required in advance.
McDo.voi .11, Ga., Ai'rii. 17, 189 G
3! R, NESBITT'S
MONTHLY TALK
The Commissioner's Letter to
the Farmers of Georgia.
IMPORTANT HATTERS DISCUSSED
►'armf.m Advised Ajjuindttbe Foolish I'rnr
tloe of It mining After Untried Crops
AVlien There Are So Many 'Veil Known
n* Especially Suited to Georgia -Eaonoin
leal Methods of Handling Cotton.
Atlanta, April 1, is:)3.
Again onr inquiry columns arc so full
concerning many of the principal farm
operations for this month, as to leave
ns little further to say, but there are
one or two subjects that we \v uld like
to touch on as being of especial interest
to farmers. One is tbn disposition in
some quarters to run after new and un
tried crops, forage crops more wipe dally.
With the experiment stations, run at
government expense, and whose main
object is to test such crops, as well in
the best methods of preparation and cul
tivation, we would not advise farmers
to enter largely into experiments of this
kind. There are so many well known
crops of this class which hav been
pr.wen to be peculiarly gait's! to our
■oils and climatic conditions that it will
pay better to Invest our time and money
in developing these. This question of
forage crops is one of peculiar interest
to the south just now and the g, wing
and developing interest in stock and
cattle raising causes a more general de
sire for information on this and kindred
subjects. Questions as to the merits of
Paoa-ino, Lithyrus Sylvestris, Beggar
Weed, etc., have been received, to all
of which we reply as above; that their
merits have not been thoroughly estab
lished, and until this is the case we
w ould adhere to those that we know
suit onr peculiar conditions, leaving to
the experiment stations the work of
thoroughly testing the claims of these
new candidates for our favor. We are
all familiar with that sheet anchor of
southern farmers, the cow pea, which
not only furnishes a splendid forage
crop, but pays back to the land in roots
ami stubble, more of the expensive ele
ment, nitrogen, than the crop lias con
sumed. Then, there is the fodder corn,
according to all testimony the most val
uable silage crop yet developed. Be
sides these Sorghum, Kaffir Corn, Millo
Maize. German Millet, give us a variety
of green crops which, if judiciously man
aged, will furnish green food during
the entiro season. While Spanish
ground peas and sweet potatoes con
tribute valuable and cheap crops for the
fail manufacture of pork, to he ready
later for a short hardening process on
corn feed, before slaughtering.
SiloH.
If a farmer has a well constructed
■Ain inai.h valnnbl© green food that is
often wasted may be utilized for feed
ing duriug the winter mouths, whon
every pound of such food pops -sses an
enhanced valno. A carelessly con
stvTi. ted rilo is an extravagance, hut if
careful attention is given to every de
toil, and good, sound silage is secured,
ail farm animals, except hogs, have
been found to eat It with relish and
benefit. From careful tests It has been
found that three tons of silage is equal
in feeding value to one ton of hay.
Quoting from the United States agri
cultural report on this subject, we find
that “a much larger amount of digesti
ble food can be secured from an acre of
silage than nil acre of hay. The food
equivalent of four tous of hay can easily
be produced on an ncro of land planted
in corn.” It is also a more economical
and compact method of storing fodder
than the hay mow, nnd possesses tho
same relation to dried hay, that canned
fruit dees to dried fruit. A silo of IHO
tons capacity which will contain .14 tons
of dry matter, will hold only about 93
tons of dried clover hay, which contains
less than 30 tons of dry matter. It will
rein dly bo seen that the “canning” pro
cess has several advantages over the
“drying” plan. In feeding silage care
mil-1 bo taken not to depend on it en
tirely for dry food. While it is an im
portant and economical nddition to farm
supplies, being easily digested, nnd cat
tle and h irses judiciously fed on it,
show its beneficial effects in an im
proved general condition, it is advisa
ble in feeding to mix it with hay and
gr- u. For full grown cattle 25 or 80
pen ids per day is considered sufficient,
wh,.e for horses the ration is loss. On
first opening the silo the ration should
be rmaller, until the animals have be
come accustomed to the change in
food, or a too great activity of the
bowels may be induced, and in milk
cow 3 the taste of the milk might
otl.rwise become nffected for a few
davg. Most green crops may lie
successfully cured in the silo. The
pr per time for harvesting is before the
leaves turn brown, hut when the water
content of the plant begins to diminish.
Corn should be cut when it reaches the
“roasting ear" stage, and if the season
is very dry and the plants lack juice, it
is advised to pour considerable water
over the silage after the silo is filled,
esp»x’i:dly if the contents are at a high
temperature. Experiments have shown
that it is advisable to cut the corn into
short lengths, the shorter the better,
rather than store the uncut stalks. Oue
half inch is the usual length. It must
be carefully distributed, and well
tramped at the sides and comers. As
the silage will settle considerably dur
ing the process of heating and ferment
ing, the sdo should be filled above the
top edge. A temporary covering may
be put on for a fexv days. After this
settling has taken place, the best and
most efficacious plan for preserving the
content* intact, is to place a layer of
tarred paper smoothly over the surface I
of the silage, and then cover this to the j
depth of one or two feet with cut straw.
Rapidity of tilling is unimportant, so |
long as fresh fodder is placed in the silo !
before mould is formed at the surface.
The following table gives the average
composition of different kinds of silage
at compiled from American analyses:
Ct isposllios of Different Kinds of Sil»-je.
II il rnp*-n
Fnsi ex-
Protein Filler true! Fat
PerOt. Per Ct. P>-r LI. Per Ct.
Oc-n 1.7 S.O 11.0 0.8
it.-k • ... .8 «.4 P>.H
Pc ar.. 4.2 24 11.il 1.2
bo; . 4.1 9.7 «.» 2.2
C : 2 7 Si) 7.8 1.3
J\i - 1.9 13.0 28.0 1.6
yq -
rtu .-.1.L 1 ?-S 9.3 U.J 1.1
The terms J*roteln, Fiber, Nitrogon
fi ee extract and Fat are explained in the
mtKw t to an inquiry on Soja beaux la
another column.
Economical Methods of Cultivating, Lath
ering and Marketing the Cotton Crop.
The question of how much cotton we
ran afford to plant having Issm defi
nitely settled, the next subject for im
mediate attention, is how best to culti
vate these acres, and also to gather and
market the crop in order to get the hug
est return at the least expense. It has
been statod on the authority of an emi
nent man, who has planted cotton
largely all his life and who has given a
great part of his time to the study of
the various circumstances affecting it*
sale, that the value of the cotton crop,
for the last ten, years has lieen depre
ciated at least one-sixth by the rules of
the Cotton Exchange, which rules were
founded on and have Is’en since sun
ported by the careless methods of ihe
planters themselves. Our methods of
handling have been such us to give the
buyer every advantage, and it cannot
be too strongly urged that not only
should we cut down every expense us
far as possible, from the ti.no the prepa
ration for the crop begins, until the last
lock is gathered, but that iu ginning
and shipping, the same rigid economy
should be observed. We are not careful
enough in the sample we send to market,
and the large preponderance of inferior
grades affects injuriously the price of
the whole crop. Again, the chances of
a fair sample in the markets is often
destroyed by exposure and rough hand
ling of the goods after they are ready
for shipment. The present form and
careless covering of our bales are re
sponsible for much of the damage which
our cotton sustains before it rea-hus its
final destination.
We believe tlmt if tlicround, compact
bale were universally adopted, the con
venience of handling mid shipping
would ho greatly increased and the dan
ger from injury and loss so decreased
as eventually to sensibly affect the
market quotations. This much needed
reform in our methods would, at our
friend suggests, work a revolution in
the rub's of the New York and New
Orleans cotton exchanges, by eliminat
ing from the markets the greater part
of the inferior grades, which now tend
to d< pre.-s prices. The round bale is
gaining in favor every day, and as
farmers more generally acquaint them
selves with its advantages, its adoption
will become certain. Wo allude to this
question thus early, because by calling
attention to its merits now, it is possi
ble to market much of even this year's
crop in this neat and highly approved
form. R T. Nesbitt.
O'munis iouer.
B«Jii Ui aim.
Question. —During the Exposition I
noticed in the Georgia building a dis
play of Soja Beans, which I was told
we,re a legume of exceptionally fine
quality for stock feed. Please give mo
nil tho information possible as to this
orop. I would like to know how it
compares with our field pea, both as a
food and as a renovator of the soil. Also
when to plant and how to cultivate.
What is the usual yield per acre?
Answer. —As an improver of worn
soils and a valuable food for stock tho
Soja Beau ranks among onr best crops.
The bean is richer in fat than any of
our grains and stock aro very fond of
the fodder. Tho latter if mixed with
corn in tho silo furnishes a bettor bal
anced ration than the corn alono. From
the following analysis, taken from tho
United States agricultural department
reports, it will be seen that ns a fertil
izer and improver of tho soil and as a
food, the Soja bean takes rank above
our ordinary field or cow i>oa. —Slate
Agricultural Department.
As a Food.
Nitrogen.
Free Ex-
Protein Filler tra Fat.
PerOt. PerOt. Per Cl. PerOt.
Soja Reams.
(•irei-n Fodder . 4.0 15.7 111.* 1.9
Dry Fodder 14. t ?'.3 I? 8 !:!
Drain ...84.0 4.8 28. j 13.9
Cow Pr es.
Ure. i Fodder ... 2.4 4.8 74 .4
Dry Fodder ....!«.« 2ti.l 42. J 2.2
li.uia 2J.8 4.1 35.,• 1.4
As a Fertilizer.
Whole Phiwohonie
plant Nitrogen A)-id Potash
Per 1 't. Per Ct. Per Ot.
Pojn Ream 2.82 .07 1.08
Cow Pens ... 1.95 1.1*5 .52
la explanation of the terms used.
Protein is the name of a group of ma
teri Is containing uiL-ogcn. It fur
nishes the materials for loan flesh,
blood, skill, muscles, D id dp-, nerves,
hair, horn- r wool, and the cas.vin and
albumen of milk, etc , and is ono of the
m ist important constituents of fooding
stuffs.
Fiber is the frame work of plants, and
is, as a rule, tho most indigestible con
stituents of feeding stuffs. The coarse
fod us, such as hay and straw, oontain
a large proportion of fiber, and are for
thii reason less digestible than tho
grains, oil cakes, etc.
X. rojen free Extract includes starch,
sugar, gums ami the like, and forms an
imp rtaut purt of all feeding stuffs, but
especially of most grains. The nitrogen
free extract and fiber aro usually classed
together under the name of carbohy
drates. The carbohydrates form the
largest part of all vegetable foods. They
aro either stored up as fat or burned in
the system to produce heat and energy.
Fit includes, besides real fats, wax,
tin' green coloring matter of plants, etc.
The fat of food is also stored up iu the
b'Vly as fat, or burned iu the system to
produce heat and energy.
The yield of Soju beans of coursevaries
with the seasons and with the quality of
land on which the crop is planted. On
rich laud, well cultivated, it will pro
duce an enormous crop of beans and
fodder. The rows should be from three
to live feet apart, according to soil and
amount of manure used, The culture
is very much such as is given toootton—
keeping down weeds and grass, and in
terfering with the roots as little as pos
sible. Onee a “stand"’ is obtained the
plants seem to develop regardless of the
se.is.an. Standing water does lot kill
it, while dr,.nth seems t > check it only
temp rtrily.— Stato Agricultural De
partment.
I am still in the race for office. hut
I don't get some help I don't ki on
'.bat I can reach the 2nd of .\lnv, for
the 'lasses is getting ra*l er low in the
jog at toy house. So bring me your
work and let me sell you some glass,
pu’ty, oil, turpentine and paints- You
must he'p me sonm if y u espect
me to pull through. lam wonderfully
int res'el just now in the money qnes
lio i. I am in a worse (in than the 16 to 1
men are, for I want 16 dollars and have
only about 83 cents. So come to see
me. Respectfully, W, K. Tidwn 11.
VCTCH AS FCHAGE PLANT,
No! Cullliftti-d l„ ' . ' Exloot In
the South c. Yet.
Question. —Please t, 1 me s-.meriting
about Vetch, which 1 have heard highly
recommended as a forage plant for the
south?
Answeh. —As yet this crop is not cul
tivated to any great extent. A few
men, notably Major Warren of Augusta,
have cultivated it with great success
and a recent speci tl buliotin of the
United States department of agricul
ture speaks of the Hairy, Band or Rns
sian Vetch (known by all thre» names)
as one of the most promising fodder
crops introduced into this country in re
cent years. It withstands heat and cold I
and dronth, and while it will give a fair
crop on poor land, is as are all ot her for
age crops, most profitable on rich and
well prepared laud. It is eaten with
relish by ull farm animals, makes
a most desirable ensilage, and is a most
excellent forage plant for soiling pur
poses. On account of its habit of growth
it is difficult to cure r.s hay. As to time
of sowing, etc., wo quote from tho bul
letin: “Hairy Vetches may be planted
from about tho middle of August to the
middle of September, or in spring from
the latter part of April until the middle
of May. Sow broadcast at the rate of a
bushel and a half of seed per acre, or
plant in drills two to four feet apart.
The latter plan will require a smaller
amount of seed. The seed are as y t
expensive), about sll a bushel of (id
pounds. When the seed is put in broad
cast a bushel of oats, rye or wheat
should be sown at the same tune so as
to furnish a support for the vetches and
keep the vines off the ground. If it is
sown in drills in the latter part of Aug
ust it should he cultivated s veral
between tho rows. It will furnish some
forage in autumn, and where the winter
is not too severe it will st art to grow
again in the spring, thus producing for
age in late autumn and early spring, at
the two periods whon it is most
needed.” At tho Mississippi experiment
station seed of this crop was sown in
1889. No attention has been given it
and cacli year its seeds germinate with
tho first fall rains, and in favorable sea
sons cover tho ground by January 1,
furnishing good grazing until April or
May. If the stock is taken off in March
the plants mature and reseed the ground
freely for the next year.
This crop will not flourish on wet
land, it likes a well drained soil. If
sown in the fall it prevents washing
during the winter. It is to be fed when
the vines begin to blossom, and the feed
should at first be limited until the ani
mals become accustomed to the change
of food. For tho best feeding results it
should lie given with coarse fodder or
hay.
Howard, in his Manual on the “Cul
tivation of the Grasses and Forage
Plants at the S luth,” mentions the
winter and summer vetch and
also one or two native varieties, and
speaks in commendation of their
use both as a forage crop, and as an im
prover of tho s il—more especially in
those soils t )o sandy for the successful
growth of ml clover. A gentleman of
long expori'" ec iijri(s culture, speaks of
the ordinary vetch as ono of the simplest
grasses grown. He savs that peas do
not excel it as a land imp.- iver. It does
not form a s-kl, is strictly an annual,
but if allowed to mature and drop its
seed, they lie dormant during the
hot dues of summer; then when
the fall rains begin and the nights he
come longer and co >ler, they begin to
germinate and soon cover the ground.
One advantage is that there need be
only one seeding, and with proper man
agement other crops may be made and
taken off and the vetch will again spring
up spontaneously.—State Agricultural
Department.
Preserving' Sweet Potatoes.
Question. —My sweet p tatoes are
now sprouting in the banks. I have
heard that they can be kept until another
crop is made. Will you toll me how?
Answer. — In southwest Georgia I
have kept them for months in the fol
lowing manner: Spread on any dry
board floor a layer of cottonseed-i or 5
inches thick, then upon this place a
layer of pet a tops, not lotting them touch
and. first rubbing off the sprouts if any
have appeared. Then another layer of
cottonseed, and another of potatoes, etc.
Of course the cottonseed must lie dry
and must be kept so. The potatoes will
shrivel somewhat, but will retain their
flavor and sweetness for months.
1 have no doubt that cottonseed bulls,
or chaff from any grain, and perhaps
hay. would answer just as well as the
whole cottonseed. I think, perhaps,
that absolutely dry sand would also an
swer tiie same purpose.—State Agricul
tural Department.
To I iml tie' Live Wei gilt of Animals.
Question.—Can you give me any re
liable met In si of finding the live weight
of animals .' I have no means of prop
erly weighing them at home.
Answer. — The following we find
given by the "Northwest Fanner:”
Wo have never tested it, but it is doubt
less approximately correct. Multiply
the girth iu inclp s just hack of the
shoulders, by the length in inches from
the square of the butt x-k to the point
of the shoulder blade, divide this pro
duct by 144, which will give the num
ber of square feet on the* surface. If
the girth measures from 3 to 5 feet,
multiply the number of square surface
feet by JO—this will give the weight of
the animal If the girth measure is
from 5 to 7 feet, multiply by 23, if from
7to 9 feet, multiply by 31. If less than
3 feet multiply by 11. Of course the
weight will vary a little according to
quality and time of the feed just previ
ous to taking the measurements.—istato
Agric ul t u ral Depart men t.
A , /Vem r.X/owml <5 Jfetsff*,
jR __ Prof. W. H. Peeke, who
w p *n, 7
XT ' V Uwr We have hear J 4 case*
t.e of his absolute cure, free to any sufferers
who may send their P. O. and Express address.
Me adva* any one wishing a cure to addre-j
Prof.W. H. PE£££, F. IL, 4 Cedar St., Few York
Only sl9.s°*
$1 v --.ft ■ j&w
: •■)• adr-L.... • -v'
This Handsome Premium Sewing Machine, with The
Weekly, for the above low price.
Come at once and get one, before the supply is all
exhausted.
/#' V\
/J§ T : ; ~ 4 \
t.6j
- Y Y-S/rr. r- '-r - 1 j
V /
cTetFC.
) Bicycles
“BETTER THAN EVER.”
FOUR ELEGANT MODELS,
555.00 AND £IOO.OO.
Art Catalogue Free.
CENTRAL CYCLE MFG. CO.,
No. 72 Garden Street. Indianapolis, Ind.
IF YOU HAVE ANY TROUBLE
In getting Shoes for yours elf or family
rememberthat we have one of the larg=
estand
Most Complete Stocks in the South
OF
lens! I Mm fiSu Childrens Shoes!
'OUR PRICE'S are very reasonable.
Mail orders solicited.
BLGODWORTH SHOE CO.,
14 WHITEHALL ST., ATLANTA, GA.
First Shoe Store across the railroad.
NEW YORK SURE
GRIFF4N, ga.
1898. SPUING AND SOME!?, 1898,
• q-axn g ' < TsJS .
Wo 1n!.,. t.V:i*mv iti informing I'm- I ntC pro:* * ° S ihJ*4mi r. Pik * ill ll.Mirv
conntfe*, timi all our neighl* r«>, tint owr buyer has ja.-t n*i nit d all (he Kstxtctu
markets, New York. I Tiladciplni :iu«l Biltimon*, nml the hugest and handsome-1
.«h»c‘ of goods eve r tiiouuiii lo *.»• iffiti. Binii - !«*r carlt only, wo can givv you to v
i;. < ; lit p::|i y house in Middle Georgia. C« l*» *a* ■} »nl •- *i 0* OrtUi ol our g*on>ir- - a|
f rio a. ‘ ' *
I- t .*7 inch Checks, sc.
i 1 Prilling, I u:bey lied Ca’i
ic 5c
1’ icalos, Bc. Yard-wide Sic cling, 5c
Indigo liiue Calicoes, sc. Shirting
Prints. 4 l 2 ,! -
11 nt Ticking, 10c.
( it-< k d Nainsook, worth 15c, our price
Bc.
liluo Duck, w >rtli 15c, our price 12c.
Coloied Lawns, worth 15c, our price 10c,
Dress Goods! Dress Goods! Dress Goods!
All the novelties in New Spring Goods, ranging in price from 10 cents to if 100
Miid All the new Buttons and Trimmings to match.
Silks. Silks. Silks.
Silks for Shirt Waists, worth 50 cents. Our price, 39 cents.
All the new novelties in Silks for Waists and Dies.-, ranging in price ft out 2‘J
cents to 08 cents a yard.
Black Dress Goods. Black Dress Goods.
Imported Cashmcrers, worth 25 cents. Our price, 19 cents. All Wool Henriettas,
and Serges, a complete stock, from 19 cents to 25 cents a yard.
Impor.cd Serge, 48 inches wide, wotth 50 cents. Our price, 59 cents.
Selling agents for the following leading Brands of goods:
I’. AU. Ours. Is. Fair and Square Rililicns. Foster Kid Glove. d ird patterns.
W, A Sons’ Velvet Binding. The Only Ladie s Black Hosiery. S ive in Ladies’
Vests, 5 and It) cents. Full line of new Embroideries, from 5 cent: i • .up.
NOTIONS—fins, 1 cent a paper. Coats’ Thread, 4 cents a pool. Whalebones,
5 cents. Side Combs, 10 cents a pair. Niedlcs, 2k 2 eents. Belt Buckles, 10 cents.
Hooks and Eyes, cents. Belt Pins, 5 cents.
Full line of novelties in all kinds of Jewelry.
0 . 1 lr ___ Men’s Negligee Shirts, 49c. Men’s Unlaundried Shirts,
SHIR 1 S. 45 cents. M it’s Undershirts, 24c. Men’s collars, 10c.
'jJKS Agents fur Men’s Wear. Manhattan Shirts.
E. A W. Cullars. Brst line of Neckwear on earth.
Shoes. Shoes. Shoes.
Too many Shoes for us to mention. Prices always the lowest. New Goods. New
■dock of Shoes just received. .......
Clotliing department.
Full line of Strouse A Brothers’ Baltimore, Md.. High Art Clothing. These goods
were sold by Messrs. Geo. K. Niles A Sorts for 20 years. Prices reasonable.
Men's Cottonade Pants, 49c. M-n’s Jeans Pants, best made for price, 49c. Boys
Knee Pants, 25c. Boys Knee Pants, all wool, 39a. Men’s Soils, $3.98. Men’s Suits,
$4.98. Men’s Suits, $5.98. Boys’Suits, 98c. Boys’ Suits, $1.48. Boys’ Suite, $1.98,
Straw Hats. Straw Hats.
Best Straw Hat in town for 49 cent.-. Straw Hats for men and tiers from 10 cents
to $!.0O. Agents for Jehu B. Stetson Hits, best on earth.
Full assortment of Trunks, front 4S cents up.
In conclusion, will hav. the most complete stock of goods ever shown in this town
of Griftin. Dry Goods, Clothing, Shoes and Hats, all at Kock Bottom Prices. And they
cannot be duplieated elsewhere. James S. Brown, Cliff Ford, Young Gray and ldus Doo
will be glad to seivc their old friends, and as many new ones as will call.
NEW MK STORE. DAVID WAXELBAUI k GO.
27 Hill Street, Griffin, Ga.
';: i Great Western ORGAN:
14 ; V is *c3
. ~ V - Handsoirer Than Ever. Finest of All. <
Solid Walnut, Buried Panels, Elegsnt Finish. 4
jr. ; :- > " v’,\ » MAGNIFICENT ORGAN with a pure sinking "
’■* .* - • v ,;A M trine, from the softe*t whisper of a lute, to
■ f'.i -'- -Ijs tho grand harmony of an orchestra. 10 Htopg, 5
,1 se of reed.-i Hid double coupler#.
style 21 Instructor ONLY SBO.
jji'r. ,y and Wt Pay the freight. <
Phillips & Crew Co.,Atlanta,Ga. "lET 0 «
New Improved High
Co-Operative Sewing Machine Co.,
Lock Box 303. Philadelphia, Pa.
MpARCHjtICYCLES
W. rk.'in.til.
If you cau be satisfied with something cheaper, the best lower-priced
wheel 19
DEFIANCE—S7S. S6O, SSO, S4O,
Every machine guaranteed. Scnd for catalotfoe
MONARCH OCLEMFG. CO., CHICAGO ILL
83 Reads Street. NEW YORK. 3 and 5 Front Street, SAN FRANCISCO.
\ t?d wide St a T - T : r I. sc. worth He
Lon*«ia l e Gam trie, 9c. Fruit ot Lunin,-4- 1
Lien Ling 70.
No Brand y.ud-wide Bleaching, sc. ,7-1
Bleaching, 4c.
Good Cottonadefl. 10c. Good Dress Ging
hams, sc.
India Lawn, worth 10c, ou price 7c.
Victoria White Lawn, worth Bc, our
price sc.
Colored Linen Lawns, worth 15c, our
price 10c.