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Page 12
THE EARLIEST CUP
Ever since one of our pri
mitive ancestors discovered that
his own leaky cupped hands just
wouldn’t do, a whole line of
drinking vessels began to evolve.
In the beginning, man undoubtedly
grabbed the first hollow object
in sight to quench his thirst with
out dripping and dipping. It
may have been a coconut shell
or perhaps an empty pod.
Gradually, he began to seek
out and collect drinking vessels,
and, unsavory as it may seem,
the human skull proved most
successful. Drinking from a
defeated enemy’s cranium was
so commonly accepted that the
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Miss Carolyn Joyner
practice continued Into the 11th
Century, long after the develop
ment of hand-crafted bowls.
Animal horns were another
item men began to use from
choice rather than necessity. But
because the pointed horns
tumbled when set down, the early
Saxons had to gulp their con
tents in one long draft. This
practice became a symbol of
masculinity and vessels were Int
entionally made without bases.
The word “tumbler” has since
come to be associated with the
roly-poly glasses we know today.
By the 17th Century, Europeans
generally thought they had solved
their drinking problems with a
variety of tankards, hanaps, plg-
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gins, noggins, gaspins, pottles
and such. But these were pri
marily for cold beverages. When
delicious hot coffee came to them
from Eastern merchants, they
had no appropriate container for
the small, steaming portions.
The closest thing to the ancient
Arabian coffee cup was a small,
common all-purpose china dish.
The china dish served for cof
fee until some time during the
18th Century when a disgruntled
coffee-lover decided that some
thing had to be done to prevent
“searing of the fingers.” This
set off a chain reaction, notably
bolstered by women, and cups
with handles came into fashion.
But coffee cups with handles
remained few and far between
until at last they were mass pro
duced as part of the Industrial
Revolution.
Still, despite the fact that
everyone could now drink coffee
comfortable from a cup, many
a coffee-drinker clung tena
ciously to his pleasurable old
habit. For another whole century
and as late as 1900, die-hards
spilled coffee from the handled
cup Into a saucer. Even after
propriety adjudged the custom
bad manners, “saucering and
blowing” lingered under a guise
of “cooling one’s coffee”. The
ritual was imbued with dignity
as the family patriarch grandly,
and with a firm hand, poured
the steaming coffee out of the
cup into the saucer, next gently
wafting his breath across the
surface until the coffee was
cooled to precisely the right tem
perature for his palate.
If the struggle to win accep
tance for the coffee cup was hard,
it has been almost as difficult
to determine the proper size and
shape. Coffee cups varied from
the tiny Turkish ceramic-lined
metal vessel to the bowlsized
handleless ones used in provin
cial France. Coffee cups were
fashioned with footed basis and
undulating sides, with almost flat
surfaces and equally straight
sides.
In the 1940’5, coffee experts
surveyed the coffee cup market
and realized that to encourage
good brewing procedures, a
standard ratio of coffee-to-water
had to be established. They
determined that the amount of
coffee held comfortably by the
average cup was five and a half
ounces. Accounting for the ab
sorption of water into the coffee
grounds during brewing, the am
ount of water measured Into the
pot was set at six ounces per
serving. The standard coffee
measure, now called the Appro
ved Coffee Measure, was
devised to hold exactly two level
measuring tablespoons of ground
coffee, recommended for each
serving. Thus the correct brew
ing formula was geared to the
most widely-used coffee cup size.
Did cup design halt? No,
Indeed. As soon as the round
cup with its almost flat saucer
could be found in every home,
designers looked for ways to
change It. For informal use,
the latest trend is to mugs which
come in all shapes, colors, pat
terns and sizes.
Today, any housewares depart
ment boasts huge displays of
coffee mugs, from the rather
crudely molded ceramic ones
to the finer, more elegant ped
estal mugs. The coffee glass,
too, is definitely In, with some
made especially for Irish coff
ee. Yet even the coffee glass
is not really new. It was intro
duced many years ago by the
French to Tahiti and has long
been used by espresso drinkers
in Italy. Fact is, coffee cups
have been growing in all dir
ections. If the oversize cup
continues to gain in size and
popularity, we may someday start
using handleless bowls Instead.
Which brings us just about full
circle, doesn’t it?
§
“I was just resting my eyes,
sir, when the rest of me joined
in.,
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THE COVINGTON NEWS
Girl Scout Craft Carnival Held Here
Wu s I ’MHS** tirtk n
GIRL SCOUT CRAFT CARNIVAL was held Friday and Saturday at the First Citizens Bank building in
Covington. Scout leaders Mrs. Thomas Stewart (left) and Mrs. William Dawkins (right) are shown amid
some of the displays. The project was most successful.
Craft Carnival Customers
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EARLY CUSTOMERS at the Girl Scout Craft Carnival Friday
afternoon was Mrs. Henry Barrett and daughter Kelly, shown
looking over one of the tables of crafts on display at the First
Citizens Bank Building. Many Christmas decorations were sold,
during the event.
Disability Incomes Help
Heart Attack Victims
You can have a heart attack
and survive.
Not only that—manj people
today who have had a heart at
tack can go on and live a full
and active life, working and
playing and, generally being just
as much of a live wire as a
person who never had a heart
attack.
But, according to the Health
Insurance Institute, the come
back trail after a heart attack
requires time, good medical
care, a cooperative family and
a realistic approach to life as
well as the will to live.
A person who survives a heart
attack often faces several weeks
of hospitalization, followed by a
long period of limited activity
at home. In other words, no work
while the damaged heart is
mending.
Following the doctor’s orders
may not be as easy as it sounds,
particularly for a middle-aged
victim who is stricken at the
height of his work life, when his
family and business responsibili
ties are at a peak.
At this time, when the patient
has to make many physical and
emotional adjustments, worries
about money can undermine the
benefits of today’s improved
medical treatment.
Yet for many people, the ex
pense of medical care, the loss
of income during recuperation,
the possibility of being forced
to abandon ambitions and plans
can make the adjustment dif
ficult.
However, many heart attack
victims have a lot going for
them. A good portion of their
medical bills is often offset by
health insurance.
In addition, they may very
well have a source (or sources)
of income replacement for the
time they are unable to work,
for example as an employee
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benefit, or through Social Secu
rity, or in some instances work
men’s compensation.
Also, they may be among the
58 million Americans who have
protected themselves against the
economic consequences of dis
ability through a loss of income
insurance policy, which helps
replace income lost as a result
of illness or injury.
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BY 808 BREWSTER
Outdoor Editor,
Morcury Outboard/ _■
HOT STOVE LEAGUE
Those who think that the
“hot stove league” vanished
with the general store pot
bellied stove and the cracker
barrel just haven’t wandered
into a local fishing tackle em
porium lately.
This institution still functions
throughout the U.S., say the
fishing experts at Mercury out
boards. After all, the average
red-blooded American has to
have a place to hang out and
discuss topics of mutual in
terest with his fellow man.
As a kid, he had a club house
on a vacant lot, or a little plat
form built in the old apple tree
in the backyard. As a teenager
the local drug store soda foun
tain, or a particular street
corner sufficed for a hang-out.
Adults require similar spots
to satisfy their togetherness
instincts. Women do their gab
bing in the beauty parlor, or
over a card table at the weekly
afternoon bridge session. Fish-
Frequently this form of pro
tection is purchased in conjunc
tion with health insurance that
helps pay medical bills.
Loss of income protection can
give a family time to adapt to
the new situation if the father’s
illness should be so serious that
he cannot return to work, ‘or
must take a less demanding job
with lower pay. At least during
the period of his recuperation—
when he heeds care at home—
the mother in the family need
not feel she is obliged to seek a
job or deplete family savings.
Many of today’s heart attack
victims are able to return even
tually to their old jobs after
their recovery. This is because
so much more is known today
about therapy, the benefits of
exercise and the psychological
bonuses of active work.
Thursday, December 12, 1968
facts I
\ X THAT
The Case Os
The Disappearing Cars
One minute the car is there
. . . the next minute it has dis
appeared. This was the experi
ence of more than 650,000
motorists last year.
By the 1970’s experts predict
that over one million cars will
vanish annually if the present
rate of theft increase continues.
Who performs these feats and
puts so many thousands on foot
until their cars are recovered or
replaced? Law enforcement offi
cers say there are two types of
auto thieves.
The first type steals because
he has the opportunity and
wants a joy ride. He is usually
under 18 years of age, some are
even under 10 years of age.
They make a car disappear
when some careless owner leaves
the key in the ignition. (Last
year 80% of cars stolen were
left unlocked; more than 40%
had been left with keys in the
ignition. The owners literally
gave their cars away!)
The other type of car thief is
the profes
sional. He
makes his
living by
making cars
vanish, often
stripping the parts and selling
them. His profession costs the
public over S2OO million yearly.
How can motorists solve the
case of the disappearing cars?
The Allstate Insurance Com
pany suggests:
—Always remove the key
from the ignition, even when
making a ‘quick stop” at the
corner store.
—Lock the doors and close all
of the windows including the
vent windows.
—Luggage and other articles
of value attract attention, so
lock them in the trunk.
—Avoid parking on dimly lit
streets or in dark obscure areas
where it is easier for cars to be
“spirited away.”
ermen, however, have another
alternative.
Almost any sporting goods
store has a spot where a group
of men can gather around and
compare notes about fish and
fishing. Here a man can look,
listen and learn.
As a member of the local hot
stove league he can finger a
new lure, or flex a new rod
without a cent in his pocket.
He can listen to the big boys,
compare notes with fellow
anglers, learn to stretch the
truth in telling about his own
fishing exploits, and find out
where the best fishing holes
are.
Membership in this great
angling fraternity is not regu- ;
lated by income, position, or a
man’s ancestors. All he needs
to become initiated into this -
organization is to prove that
he’s as anxious to get out on
the water as the others. It he’s
a fisherman, he’s welcome to :
pull up a chair and become a
member of the group.
So, men, if you’re not already
a member of your local angler’s '
hot stove league, the Mercury
lads suggest you go down to the
tackle store and join up.