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THE WAYCROSS HERALD, SATURDAY, JANUARY 28, 1893. FARMER AND PLANTER. SEASONABLE THOUGHTS. — Tim* or r for Iho Former to Re* elew the Work of the Fort end Plon far • he Future. During the preceding part of the year j till: the farmer's vision has been directed ■ forward; now it should be tnrned back ward, and the field gene over should be reviewed. His whole year's work may he regarded as an experiment; he has prepared his landr fertilized it and cul tivated it in a particular way. and the Fathered crops tell the results of the experiment Has it been a successful one? Has the plan pursued been different 1 from that followed the year before, and 1 this ^state has the change been for the better or J worse? Perhaps some will answer, the seasons have been different in the two years and I can't tell. This is adifficulty we admit, but not as great as many sup pose. for a skillful farmer is very large ly independent of seasons—not of tor- in nunung up wnen neeaca—tnese ana many other leaks may be found on most farms. Hunt them up and stop them. The greatest drawback on southern farming since the war, has been the lack of working capital, and conse quently the getting of supplies and fer- The farmers being debt to the merchants, the latter vir tually dictate the kind and amount ol crops to lie planted. In short the mer chants run the farms of the country. They have no interest in the farm be yond the immediate crop. If the soil washes away, or its humus is de stroyed or its productiveness decreased, it matters naught to him so his bill it paid at the end of the year. It i* things that ha? caused the over-production of cot ton.. antf the too large use of commer cial fertilizers. In many instances the farmer is virtually the merchant's over seer: he simply carries out the behest* of the merchant. Against this thraldom we would urge rebellion with all our might, not by repudiation of debts, not ything unworthy of honorable nadoes, frost, etc., which no vigilance or skill can circumvent, but of drought and heat and other ordinary constitu- ' nianhood, but by contracting opera- tents which make up what we term ; lions (abandoning the cultivation ol seasons. Sec hotv nearly the same is i P°° r ^ndK diligent saving and ac- the annual cotton production. We i cumulating of manure on the farm, the talk about making a half a crop, but, I strictest economy in expenditures— when a farmer counts the l>ales he j *°th farm a,1 ‘ l family-the raising of packs, how rarely, if ever, itistheca.se i home supplies and the rearing of horses tnere oe as muen grass ana weeas corns in the way when the corn is cultivated late.—Warren County (0.) Exchange. PECAN "CULTURE. A great deal having been published NOTICE.! NEW BUSINESS. We have just arrived with two car-loads of fine RAISING CORN. Good Torsos Indifferent Cultivation of tbs Cereal Now is the time to see the effect of cultivation upon the corn, especially that of laying corn by early or con tinuing its tillage after harvest. I have a good opportunity to judge 01 \ lately in regard to the culture of pecaus. ' it to-day^ My neighbor has a field of j and having had considerable experience , corn j ns* a cross the road from mine. 1 in the culture of this valuable and deli- : There was a difference of three days it | cions nut, I bee you will allow me the 1 and expect to keep on hand a good supply of this grade of stock for sale, the time of planting, and my neighbot j use of your valuable journal for the j We also expect to do a LIVERY BUSINESS, and hope to serve the seeded with a later variety. He laid purpose of giving my experience for the j public satisfactorily, at hi. by jo.t before the h.ree.L while | benefit of those interested therein: McIntOSh StableS, near the Union Depot. HORSES, MARES AND MULES, mine received a plowing after, and about the middle of July the middles were split with a double shovel. 1 passed through both September 17. taking care to examine closely and note the difference between the two fields of corn. Firstr—In his corn the lovrer blades on the stalks and the husks around the ear were turning yellow anti fast drying up. while in my own it was entirely different. The lower blades had not began, comparativelyjspeaking. to turn yellow. They were not crisp, and could not be easily blown off by the wind *9 in the other field. The corn has a good green color and an animated appear ance for this time of year, with the ex ception of a gravelly knoll, which however, looks no worse than the otbei FREEMAN & BAXLEY. C. K MURPHY At the age of 56 I gave $1 per pound 1 for the largest and best “Paper Shell” i pecans I could find in Mississippi and j ■ . ■ Louisiana. I planted wiser than l \ v , n . r . r knew*. Such nut® have maintained j ' LUU - their value through all these years. , and to-day, in the same market, not only command the identical price, but : even higher: and. furthermore, I find j myself unable to supply all the order- ; I receive for these nuts. In my sixty- j ' , one year later sold 1700 worth, and ^ i INSURANCE AGENTS and BROKER business of selling nuts and young trees j has increased proportionately. My own) WAYCROSS, GrA. experience is that pecan trees do b *ara j 9 little fruit at from eight to nine years; j Nothing but F irst-class Companies represented. Insurance collected on a LOTT & MURPHY, Fire. Life and Accident It i that he makes only lmlf’what lie AM 1 anil inulM. In many instances selling hlon*. ami consequently that we may expect paying crops f«i„ ten fifteen years, and that the nut does j classes of property not. »in every instance, reproduce itself I ffsafffasw? itoubt making corn l ight f —they sport more or less. dollars. , the year before. A little discount on a bad season is allowable, but. it will not do to let a farmer hide entirely liehind bad sea sons. It isan old trick, but it will not ' answer. ltad management is oftener to blame than kul seasons. We insist that the farmer must lie candid with himself, if he has made mistakes let him own up like a man It is very important that these an nual experiments should lie scanned and st udied very closely. One cannot make n very great many of them in a life time—it virtually takes a whole year to make an agricultural experi- ment; perhaps it would In* more accu rate to say that an experiment can , rarely l»e repented in one year. Ilmv important, therefore, that these yearly ! experiments lie most carefully planned and results most closely studied. Let j us ask ourselves some questions and | answer them to ourselves impartially and truthfully. In pitching the crops 1 of the present year, were we guided by i principles about the rotation of crops; 1 or did we have regard only to present gains? Did we plant land in cotton • which had been run in that crop for ! two. three or more years in succession, till it lmrl become exhausted of humus j and rendered an easy prey to heat and j drought? Did we plant corn after corn j Ih without change, till a large per- - cent age of the crop was blasted by smut j or ypttcd? Did we plant nearly the j whofiVunn in cotton and far too little j grain tol^upply the need of the farm? j Was corn tne prominent grain crop, or ! did oats, rvifc and Vithcr grain constitute • •*" \W ***“- “ 1 iff a part of the farm would lie advisa ble. The farmer must operate his farm on souml principles; he must regulate his expenditures according to strict econ omical rules: lie must look after little as well as big leaks: in short he must i will we find the latter corn work on strictly business principles.' reply is too evident to requir He ought to keep books just as regu- j swer. larlv as merchant or manufacturer | loads chief rttl'u there a sufli- cieney of drilled corn planted to fill j barns andf silos, or must western hay 1 Is* liouglit? Were there any colts foaled j upon the farm, or must western stock | lie purchased to keep up the supply of I plow animals? Were there any arrange ments or efforts made to raise the pork 1 required at home, or must western meat j ►till lie bought? In short, was the old j story repeated of raising cotton to buy bread, meat and stock? Does any does, lie ought to be able at the end of the year to say whether this field or that crop, or that cow or that hog has paid a profit ot caused a loss. Why, of all business men.should the farmcralonc goon from year to year groping in the djirk? I! you have not kept any books the pres ent year think over the matter—recall as well a- vou can from memory, from receipts and the books of your mer chants what you have spent—it will not lie diflicuit to get at what you have so!.I and the proceed thereof. ) H E RE AN D TH ERE. —Hogs that are treated as scavengers and fed upon slops and garbage do not make good, wholesome meat. Treat your pigs decently if yon intend them for human food. —One swallow docs not make a sum mer. One good dairy bull or cow of a beef breed does not prove »at all that dairymen should go in for that breed as the long-sought general purpose bovine. —It is a poor policy to starve hogs. If you have not the grain to feed well and can not see your way clear to get it. better sell your stock to some one who can feed properly. —No kind of stock is affected more by dry. warm weather than hogs. It you want your swine to do the best possible see that they have, plenty of good fresh, cool water whenever they want it. —The heaviest loss among swine, ac cording to the department of agri culture reports, is sustained in the south. (Jeorgia leads with a loss of , l almost to per vent-, while Alabama, . , trees have been tap- field will hare long, deep grains j rooted. My trees are scattered over •olid. w«ll»tilled earn; while in theoLha* | twenty-five or thirty acres, and I never field will be found as large a cob and a» [ stated that my pecau trees brought long an ear, but grains of no length, I $300 to $600 per acre, as has been inclined to be chaffy, and many cobs j charged. I now have from 150 to 260 not filled out to the end. What field ! grafted and budded trees, and will Th® ' plant more as long as l live. None, of an- j these grafted trees are bearing ns yet. have as many wagon- but 1 have great faith in this method ot 1. but there will lie consider;*- j propagating the pecan, for in this way ig®»W.L.DOUGLAS $3 SHOE o™ ble more shelled corn in my own field. A mistake is often made in gauging the yield of a field of corn by looking at the quantity or how many rows it will take to make a wagon load, stead of the quality ■tly what we want. many good men who say their seedling trees bore at six or seven years. 'Phis past season, on my own place, one seedling over twenty-two feet high. Their difference ! bloomed at the age of six years, and I not far believe after the experience of the last twenty years, that such a policy as that is a sound one? Now is a good time to hunt up all the leaks and stop them. Unnecessary la bor—manure injudiciously applied— workings not given at proper times, necessitating deep plowing when it should be shnllow-^-time lost by put- ting a good hand behind a poor mule, j' Young Jayeox—Travel improves one having a poor, sliackly plow and old j *o» Miss Flypp. dull lioes—having no place to keep j Miss Flypp— Indeed! Why don't you tools which are scattered and time lost travel, MrjJaycox?—Brooklyn Life. Mississippi and Arkansa: behind. — in feeding many hogs it is better to separate? them into two or three small bunches, putting '.hose of the same size and weight together. This will give all an equal show at the trough, and tho small ones can be crowded more if uoc- at least amounts sometimes to five ; hope to see fruit on it next bushels on a load. I remember last j sell my largest and best nuts for $1 spring in shelling the seed corn, j $1.50 per pound for seed. Many ( an accurate test was made. Of on® | bought and shipped north and to li kind, rather small ears, deep grams, , rope as presents to distant friends, well filled, it took 77 ears to make th® 56 pounds of shelled corn to the bushel; while of a larger sort, which was ap parently better corn, it took 103 ears to make the 56 pounds. So we should lie caraful in making estimates of our yields, to look closely after the quality and not give so much attention to the quantity as is usually done. Sometimes there are farmers who have laid their corn by late but i meanwhile. have not obtained the results expected, j t il tlie trees shade the ground too much, Frequently the failure can be traced j then turn them into pasture lands for to them plowing too close to the ! flne registered .lersey cattle, corn the last time. I did so my- ; There is no danger of overstoclting self one^year, and am ^satisfied I cut , the pecan market for years to come, as -*- ,J -* » * 1 1 --»- * * 1 England, France and Europe in general. There is no necessity in misleading Hit public in regard to the cultivation of this delicious nut—the plain, unvar- ; nislied truth is j aider the planting of fine nuts a safe and sure investment, tap-rooted ! or not. and granting that the trees do not produce paying crops until they j are ten. fifteen or twenty years old, 1 | your land m?ed not remain idle in the Cultivate other crop- the yield short ten bushels. I intend to have the outside shovel of the culti vator to go to the middle of the row in cultivating in July, and run shallow. Second—The physical condition of the ground was entirely different in two fields. In one the surface soil was loose, crumbly, and I could take my loot and easily scrape a good quantity of dirt together. In my neighbor's field it was wholly unlike it. The sur face was solid, hard and dry to a good GENTLEMEN. A sewed shoe that will not rip; Calf, seamless, smooth inside, more comfortable, stylish and durable than any other shoe ever sold at the price. Every style. Equals custom- ade shoes costing from $4 to $5. The following are of the same high standard of Sz.oo and $5.00 June Calf, Hand-Sewed. Police, Farmers and Letter-Carriers. », $3.25 and $2.00 for Working Men. 00 and $1.75 for Youths and Boys. $3.00 Hand-Sewed, I FOR _ $2.50 and a.oo^Donffola, ( LADIES. ISA DOTY you owo yourself to get the best value for your Economise tn your ~ by purchasing W. [las Shoes, which ent the best value at the pxloes advertised fef catalogue. If not Ibranl® in your nd, alze and width wanted. Pontage Free. \Y. L. Dougina, FOR SALE BY B. H. LEVY, BRO. & CO. know very little about the pecan, strong point in pecan culture lies in the fact that one can sell, or hold for higher prices. Not so with pears, peaches, oranges, etc., which, when ripe, must lie sold at any price.- Cor. Texas Farm and Ranch. —As against summer-matte stable manure it may be said that, owing to tlie fields being at that time genei depth. By cultivating late I had | under cultivation, it is often more difli- broken up tlie surface capillary attrac tion. The moisture which had come in abundance during June was held in check so that the corn suffered but litr tie in the dry spell. •» Third—If we should desire to cut the corn up and seed to wheat, I can liav® a better seed bed with less work and time. The harrow in his field will have cult to place it where it is most wanted or to preserve*it from loss than is tho case in winter and spring. —A New York farmer who grows lvg crops of potatoes, manures a clover sod heavily, ami when the clover grows up through it about the first of June, plows all down, broadcasts one thou sand pounds of phosphate per acre, pul- ‘ to be heavily weighted to cut any verizes well and plants, depth. But even if he does get as good | ^Although clover is rich in nitrogen, , ^seed bed. Instill have the advantage. y et jj takes but little nitrogen from th® J 1. 1..1. i... • soil, returning more than it receives. It is very partial to lime and potash. Sulphate of lime (land plaster) is a spe cial fertilizer for clover on some soils. My stirring during July has materially 1 helped the nitrification in the soil I which is so valuable and essential tc ; produce n good wheat crop. Nor will ! READ! Mark, Learn l/NWA-RDLy DIGEST. IK YOU WANT OWENS BLOCK. THE WAYCROSS HERALD J. S. SHARP, Lessee and Manager. Official Organ of Ware County, Charlton County, and City of Wayeross And it is, Without a IDouht, TIE BEST ABVERTISIHfi MEDIUM IN THIS SECTUN!! Only One Dollar a Year. NOW IS THE TIME TO SUBSCRIBE ! Special Inducements To Advertisers. , - Job Printing of Every Description Neatly Executed ORDERS BY MAIL PROMPTLY ATTENDED TO.